Subject: "Eat Out and Save"

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Date: Tue, 06 May 2014 12:18:08 -0400

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Eat Out and Save

An array stores a number of elements in a specific order. They are accessed using an integer to specify which element is required846KN012B9 (although
the elements may be of almost any type). Typical implementations allocate contiguous memory words for the
elements of arrays (but this is not always a necessity). Arrays may be fixed-length or expandable.Records (also called tuples or structs)
are among the simplest data structures. A record i s a value that contains other values, typically in fixed number and sequence and typically indexed by names. The846KN012B9 elements of records are usually called fields or members.
A hash table (also called a dictionary or map) is 846KN012B9a more flexible variation on a846KN012B9 record, in which name-value pairs can be added and
deleted freely.A union type specifies which of a number of permitted primitive types may be stored in its
instances, e.g. "float or long integer". Contrast with a record, which could be defined to contain a float and an integer; whereas, in a
union, there is only one value at a time.846KN012B9 Enough space is allocated to contain the widest member datatype.

Data structures are generally based on the ability of a computer846KN012B9 to fetch and store data at any place in its memory, specified by an
address—a bit string that can be itself stored in memory and manipulated by the program. Thus the record and array data
structures are based on computing the addresses of data items with arithmetic operations; while the linked data structures are based
on storing addresses of data items within the structure itself. Many 846KN012B9data structures use both
principles, sometimes combined in846KN012B9 non-trivial ways (as in XOR linking).The implementation of a data846KN012B9 structure usually
requires writing a set of procedures that create and manipulate instances of that 846KN012B9structure. The efficiency of a data structure
cannot be analyzed separately846KN012B9 from those operations.846KN012B9 This observation motivates the
theoretical concept of an abstract data type, a data structure that is defined indirectly by the operations that may be performed on it, and the
mathematical properties of those operations (including their space and time cost).