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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Subject: [Ltru] variant Suppress-Script (was: Request for variant subtags
	"scouse" and "boont")
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Doug Ewell wrote on the other list:

> I wonder, however, if we (LTRU) might have a need in the
> future to revise those rules and allow a Suppress-Script
> for a language-variant combination.  I don't have a real
> example, but close your eyes and pretend for a moment that
> we are faced with a dialect of Mongolian that warrants a
> variant on proper linguistic grounds, and coincidentally
> happens to be written overwhelmingly in Cyrillic script
> and virtually never in Mongolian script. In that hypothetical
> case, it might be appropriate to consider that the
> language-variant combination "mn-whatever" should have a
> Suppress-Script of "Cyrl" even though "mn" by itself has
> none.  Just a thought.

It's certainly an interesting fact.  IMO Suppress-Script is
a kludge for naive applications, and situations like right
to left truncation or left to right matching.  They'd end up
with "I can see an mn and whatever and no script, and there
is no Suppress-Script for mn" (for new 3066bis applications).

To confuse "old" 3066-applications (= all existing browsers
and Web servers) add a region code as in mn-RU-whatever vs.
mn-Cyrl-RU-whatever.  At the moment we have four cases:  both
sides new, both old, old client + new server, or vice versa.

With a new Suppress-Script rule we'd get nine cases.  I can't
tell immediately if that could fail miserably in some cases.

Frank



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Subject: [Ltru] FW: Generic variants and Armenian dialects
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For the LTRU to consider ...

Misha


-----Original Message-----
From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net]=20
Sent: 03 September 2006 19:43
To: ietf-languages@iana.org
Cc: Misha Wolf
Subject: Re: Generic variants and Armenian dialects

Misha Wolf <Misha dot Wolf at reuters dot com> wrote:

> The only bit of your message that worries me is the discussion of=20
> "en-1901".  Yes, I know you were commenting on a mail of John's.
>
> It's one thing to argue that we should use the Armenian word for East=20
> or West to ensure the variants are not used in an arbitrary manner=20
> elsewhere.  It's quite another to assign a year number to one language

> only.  What if two languages underwent spelling reform in 2007?  Would

> one of them not be allowed to use "2007"?  This seems wrong to me.

Given that we have implemented "spelling reform" variant subtags for=20
only one language, and the practical need for those has been called into

question, this scenario seems quite remote.  Still, anything is=20
possible.

There is a special production in the ABNF to allow a 4-character variant

that begins with a digit.  The obvious intent of this is to indicate the

year in which some change was made in the language that is significant=20
enough to justify a variant (such as a spelling reform).  Perhaps LTRU=20
should consider defining a distinction between this type of "date"=20
variant, which could in theory apply to more than one language (even=20
though the reforms themselves would be different), and the "usual" type=20
such as Resianic or Boontling or Scouse or Eastern [Armenian], which in=20
theory could not ("Eastern Quinqui" would not have the same relative=20
meaning as "Eastern Armenian," except geographically).

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
Editor, draft-ietf-ltru-initial




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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> additions are of course very welcome
>
>  For well-formed:
>
> abcd-Latn
> AaBbCcDd-x-y-any-x
>
>  For broken:
>
> abcd-efg
> aabbccddE

Thanks for bringing up the abcd-efg case.  I'd forgotten that extlangs 
can only follow a 2- or 3-letter primary language subtag, not only 
semantically (because of their genesis) but also syntactically:

language      = (2*3ALPHA [ extlang ]) ; shortest ISO 639 code
              / 4ALPHA                 ; reserved for future use
              / 5*8ALPHA               ; registered language subtag

extlang       = *3("-" 3ALPHA)         ; reserved for future use

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
Editor, draft-ietf-ltru-initial



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Subject: [Ltru] Re: prefixes for date variants (was Re: Generic variants and
	Armenian dialects
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> The portion you quoted doesn't appear to prevent us from specifying 
> multiple prefixes for a date variant; it merely suggests (wrongly, I 
> think we can agree) that a new prefix for e.g. 1996 unrelated to DE 
> would probably be rejected. We could revise to make clear that we 
> allow dates to be used with unrelated prefixes -- probably a simple 
> change would do:
>
> "Requests to add a prefix to a non-date variant subtag that imply a 
> different semantic meaning will probably be rejected. (This would be 
> permitted when appropriate for four-digit variant subtags representing 
> dates.) ... "

That's pretty much what I had in mind.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants (was Re: Generic variants and
	Armenian dialects)
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> 
>> Perhaps LTRU
>> should consider defining a distinction between this type of "date"
>> variant, which could in theory apply to more than one language (even
>> though the reforms themselves would be different), and the "usual" type
>> such as Resianic or Boontling or Scouse or Eastern [Armenian], which in
>> theory could not ("Eastern Quinqui" would not have the same relative
>> meaning as "Eastern Armenian," except geographically).
> 
> The portion you quoted doesn't appear to prevent us from specifying 
 > multiple prefixes for a date variant; it merely suggests (wrongly,
 > I think we can agree) that a new prefix for e.g. 1996 unrelated
 > to DE would probably be rejected. We could revise to make clear
 > that we allow dates to be used with unrelated prefixes --
 > probably a simple change would do:
> 
> "Requests to add a prefix to a non-date variant subtag that 
 > imply a different semantic meaning will probably be
 > rejected. (This would be permitted when appropriate for
 > four-digit variant subtags representing dates.) ... "

-1

"Date variants" are not defined anywhere and I don't believe we should 
get into the business of defining them. We need to deal with the problem 
of adding a prefix to a variant.

I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark pointed out, 
is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the variant prefix. 
Checking the prefix fundamentally means that no prefix can be added to a 
variant in the future (since existing validating tag processors will 
reject the new tags). That is bad. This change would reduce variant 
prefixes to their intended behavior (which is informative).

"Date" variants, like any other semi-generic variant, can therefore 
acquire new prefixes. I think there are shades of "redefining meaning" 
that are being advised against above (and note that the text says that 
the redefinition will "probably" be rejected, not a guarantee or 
requirement that it be rejected).

"nedis" is a case where another prefix can never be warranted: no other 
language is going to have a Nadiza dialect. "1901" is a case where 
another language *could* have an "orthography of 1901". "western" is a 
case where another language *could* have a "Western dialect". But these 
don't change the "meaning" of the subtags--the meaning of the tag they 
appear in is different, though.

This is not new. Consider the tags "nl-BE" and "fr-BE". The subtag 'BE' 
means the same thing in both: the country of Belgium. But the dialects 
defined by either is fundamentally different (the Belgian dialect of 
Dutch is not the same thing as nor does it bear the quite same 
relationship to the parent language as does the Belgian dialect of French).

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 06 10:18:20 2006
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	Armenian dialects)
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark pointed out, 
> is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the variant prefix. 

+1

-- 
No,  John.  I want formats that are actually       John Cowan
useful, rather than over-featured megaliths that   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
address all questions by piling on ridiculous      cowan@ccil.org
internal links in forms which are hideously
over-complex. --Simon St. Laurent on xml-dev

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+1

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: Wednesday, September 06, 2006 10:18 AM
> To: Addison Phillips
> Cc: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants (was Re: 
> Generic variants
> and Armenian dialects)
> 
> 
> Addison Phillips scripsit:
> 
> > I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark 
> pointed out, 
> > is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the 
> variant prefix. 
> 
> +1
> 
> -- 
> No,  John.  I want formats that are actually       John Cowan
> useful, rather than over-featured megaliths that   
> http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> address all questions by piling on ridiculous      cowan@ccil.org
> internal links in forms which are hideously
> over-complex. --Simon St. Laurent on xml-dev
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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The Language Tag Registry Update (ltru) working group in the 
Applications Area of the IETF has been rechartered. For additional 
information, please contact the Area Directors or the working group 
Chairs.

+++

Language Tag Registry Update (ltru)
===================================

Current Status: Active Working Group

Chair(s):
Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> 
Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> 

Applications Area Director(s):
Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> 
Lisa Dusseault <lisa@osafoundation.org> 

Applications Area Advisor:
Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> 

Mailing Lists:
General Discussion: ltru@ietf.org
To Subscribe: https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
Archive: http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/index.html

Description of Working Group:

The primary language subtags allowed by the current IANA Language
Subtag Registry are limited to ISO 639-1 and ISO 639-2 in the same
way as they were limited by RFC 3066. This covers approximately 500
possible language subtags. ISO 639-3, scheduled for approval towards
the end of 2006, will make available around 7000 more code elements
for identifying languages.

The working group will prepare an update to the Language Subtag
Registry procedures to allow the use of 3-letter code elements
from ISO 639-3 as primary language subtags or extended language
subtags as appropriate. The working group will also deliver means
to update the current IANA Language Subtag Registry with the newly
available subtags.

The working group will examine, and if necessary clarify or adjust,
procedures and guidelines with respect to extended language subtags
and variant subtags. Use cases include the identification of
signed languages, transliterations, and transcriptions.
The working group will also consider how the draft work on
ISO 639-6 may relate to the future development of language tags.

The working group will clarify text where necessary. It may also
make adjustments to the registration process and the form of the
registry if this is deemed appropriate based on ongoing registration
and operational experience. These adjustments and clarifications
are not expected to delay the progress of the work.

Work on the drafts is planned to start before ISO 639-3 is fully
approved and published. However, the WG will not finalize the
drafts before ISO 639-3 is fully approved.


Goals and Milestones:

September 2006 Submit first WG draft of registry procedure update
September 2006 Submit first WG draft of registry data update
January 2007 Submit registry procedure update draft for IETF Last Call
January 2007 Submit registry data update draft for IETF Last Call

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From: "Kent Karlsson" <kent.karlsson14@comhem.se>
To: "'LTRU Working Group'" <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants (was Re: Generic variants
	andArmenian dialects)
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> Addison Phillips scripsit:
> 
> > I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark 
> pointed out, 
> > is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the 
> variant prefix. 

I don't understand.

ANY new subtag will be "flagged" by a validating language tag processor
that has not been updated to include the new subtag. The same would
go for newly registered prefix(es) for already existing variant
subtag(s)
and a validating language tag processor that has not been updated
to include the new prefix(es).

If the "validation requirement of checking the variant prefix"
is removed, why not remove also the "validation requirement
of checking the subtag registration". (Which would make validation
rather pointless, since there would be no validation...)

I may have missed something, but did anyone (e.g. Mark) actually
suggest removing the prefix validation (for validating language
tag processors)?

	/kent k


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants (was Re: Generic
	variantsandArmenian dialects)
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> From: Kent Karlsson [mailto:kent.karlsson14@comhem.se]


> > > I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark
> > pointed out,
> > > is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the
> > variant prefix.
>=20
> I don't understand.
>=20
> ANY new subtag will be "flagged" by a validating language tag
processor
> that has not been updated to include the new subtag.

I was thinking the same thing.



Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 07 00:10:19 2006
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Peter Constable wrote:
>> From: Kent Karlsson [mailto:kent.karlsson14@comhem.se]
> 
> 
>>>> I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark
>>> pointed out,
>>>> is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the
>>> variant prefix.
>> I don't understand.
>>
>> ANY new subtag will be "flagged" by a validating language tag
> processor
>> that has not been updated to include the new subtag.
> 
> I was thinking the same thing.
> 

For entirely unknown subtags, yes. But... with validation currently 
requiring prefix checking, adding a prefix causes existing parsers to 
reject known subtags.

Rejecting an unknown subtag is one thing. Rejecting an unknown prefix 
for a known subtag is something else. If we want to support generic 
variant subtags, the prefix is *informative* information about what that 
subtag means in a given context. So rejecting a subtag for using an 
unknown prefix is undesirable behavior, from a stability point of view.

The alternative is that the prefixes are normative and two validating 
parsers with different dates will produce different results. That is, 
the parser pre-new-prefix rejects tags validated by a parser 
post-new-prefix.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 07 02:29:46 2006
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> I think the correct response to our problems here, as Mark pointed 
> out, is to REMOVE the validation requirement of checking the variant 
> prefix. Checking the prefix fundamentally means that no prefix can be 
> added to a variant in the future (since existing validating tag 
> processors will reject the new tags). That is bad. This change would 
> reduce variant prefixes to their intended behavior (which is 
> informative).

Existing tag processors will reject the new tags only if they are 
utilizing an outdated copy of the Registry.  Such a processor would also 
reject the now-valid tag "zza" if its copy of the Registry is older than 
2006-08-29.  The same situation applies to variant prefixes.

We could remove the validation requirement in Section 2.2.9 and still 
leave the passages in Sections 2.2.5 and 3.1, which use words like 
"suitable" and "appropriate."  This would put the use of variants with 
non-recommended prefixes into the same moral category as deprecated 
subtags and explicitly specified Suppress-Scripts, which feels like the 
Right Thing.

> "Date" variants, like any other semi-generic variant, can therefore 
> acquire new prefixes. I think there are shades of "redefining meaning" 
> that are being advised against above (and note that the text says that 
> the redefinition will "probably" be rejected, not a guarantee or 
> requirement that it be rejected).

I believe the use case we had in mind at the time was indeed something 
like "western", and the premise was that it would be virtually assured 
of rejection.  I could try looking this up in the archives.

At the very least, I think we should not go searching for variants that 
can be reused.  If a scenario for reuse should materialize, like the 
Great Zaza Spelling Reform of 1996, then so be it.  But I for one am 
glad that the Armenian variants have been changed to apply narrowly to 
Armenian.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
Editor, draft-ietf-ltru-initial


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Hi -

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, September 06, 2006 11:29 PM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants
...
> Existing tag processors will reject the new tags only if they are 
> utilizing an outdated copy of the Registry.  Such a processor would also 
> reject the now-valid tag "zza" if its copy of the Registry is older than 
> 2006-08-29.  The same situation applies to variant prefixes.
...

A reminder - the registry draft says:

   Although the specification of valid subtags for an extension (see:
   Section 3.7) MUST be available over the Internet, implementations
   SHOULD NOT mechanically depend on it being always accessible, to
   prevent denial-of-service attacks.

Consequently, as a technical contributor I think "utilizing an outdated copy"
should be considered an extremely likely scenario.  Furthermore, it may be
worth thinking about when (if ever) a validating processor is really needed.

Randy


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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> Consequently, as a technical contributor I think "utilizing an outdated
> copy" should be considered an extremely likely scenario.  Furthermore,
> it may be worth thinking about when (if ever) a validating processor
> is really needed.

A validating parser will be useful in validating a process's output
(be conservative in what you send) rather than its input (be liberal
in what you accept).

-- 
There are three kinds of people in the world:   John Cowan
those who can count,                            cowan@ccil.org
and those who can't.

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Subject: [Ltru] Do we need validating parsers for input? (Was: prefixes for
	date variants
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On Thu, Sep 07, 2006 at 12:11:34PM -0400,
 John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote 
 a message of 20 lines which said:

> A validating parser will be useful in validating a process's output
> (be conservative in what you send) rather than its input (be liberal
> in what you accept).

Since I plan to start a validating parser soon (tm), I'm puzzled. What
does "being liberal" means when processing input language tags?

Imagine that a process receives uk-Latb-UA. It is well-formed but not
valid (typo in the script). I presumed that the sender of this tag
would prefer to receive a message "Invalid language tag (subtag Latb
is not registered)" rather than "No document found". Don't you agree?


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants (was Re:
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> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]


> >> ANY new subtag will be "flagged" by a validating language tag
> > processor
> >> that has not been updated to include the new subtag.
> >
> > I was thinking the same thing.
> >
>=20
> For entirely unknown subtags, yes. But... with validation currently
> requiring prefix checking, adding a prefix causes existing parsers to
> reject known subtags.

But it seems to me we're talking about *tag* validation, not *subtag*
validation, yet your response pertains to subtag validation. If that was
the issue, then all that matters is whether the subtag is known. But
because we're talking about tag validation, while the subtag may be
known the particular usage -- the entire tag -- is not. And rejection in
that case is no different than rejecting usage of a tag due to an
unknown subtag.


Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 07 12:34:35 2006
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A validating parser when a developer is creating tags for use in some
implementation -- there is no immediate DoS scenario, and they'd get
warned of the need to check tags that may not be conformant.


Peter (two of those who claims he can count :-)


> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: Thursday, September 07, 2006 9:12 AM
> To: Randy Presuhn
> Cc: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants
>=20
> Randy Presuhn scripsit:
>=20
> > Consequently, as a technical contributor I think "utilizing an
outdated
> > copy" should be considered an extremely likely scenario.
Furthermore,
> > it may be worth thinking about when (if ever) a validating processor
> > is really needed.
>=20
> A validating parser will be useful in validating a process's output
> (be conservative in what you send) rather than its input (be liberal
> in what you accept).
>=20
> --
> There are three kinds of people in the world:   John Cowan
> those who can count,                            cowan@ccil.org
> and those who can't.
>=20
> _______________________________________________
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> 
> But it seems to me we're talking about *tag* validation, not *subtag*
> validation, yet your response pertains to subtag validation. If that was
> the issue, then all that matters is whether the subtag is known. But
> because we're talking about tag validation, while the subtag may be
> known the particular usage -- the entire tag -- is not. And rejection in
> that case is no different than rejecting usage of a tag due to an
> unknown subtag.
> 

If we were to create a true generic variant, the later registration of a 
prefix for that variant would potentially invalidate tags that had 
previously been valid. That's the hypothetical case we'd be fixing.

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]


> If we were to create a true generic variant, the later registration of
a
> prefix for that variant would potentially invalidate tags that had
> previously been valid. That's the hypothetical case we'd be fixing.

Eh?

Suppose at T1 "western" is registered with one prefix, "hy". Thus at T1

	hy-western =3D good
	en-western =3D bad

Then at T2 > T1 "western" is updated to add a second prefix, "en". So

	post-T2 validator:
	hy-western =3D good
	en-western =3D good

	pre-T2 validator:
	hy-western =3D good
	en-western =3D bad

So?


Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 07 17:23:08 2006
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Peter Constable wrote:

>> If we were to create a true generic variant
                          ^^^^^^^^^^^^
> So?

No, your example was "pseudo-generic":  Addison (apparently)
discussed true generic variants:  Mark had explained here why
the 3066bis rules won't allow to downgrade "true generic" to
"pseudo-generic":

At T1 all what-Ever-generic were allowed.  And at T2 after T1
they must be still allowed (= at worst deprecated).  Mark
proposed that we make that clearer in 3066ter, because it's
not obvious.  Others proposed that we could just replace one
critical SHOULD by MUST to eliminate the possibility of any
"true generic" variants.  

Folks insisting on it can still create an extension registry
for their generic purposes.

Frank



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Suppose at T1 "western" is registered with *NO" prefix (i.e. my "true 
generic"). At T1:

   en-western = good
   hy-western = good

At T2, add prefix "hy":

   en-western = bad   // argh!
   hy-western = good

This violates the idea that once a tag is valid, it is always valid.

QED.

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] prefixes for date variants
	(was	Re:	Generic	variantsandArmenian dialects)
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> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]


> Suppose at T1 "western" is registered with *NO" prefix (i.e. my "true
> generic"). At T1:

Ah! Well, we long ago concluded that a true generic couldn't get it's
usage restricted, right? So once a *true* generic always a true generic.
But a true generic doesn't have any prefixes specified. (IIRC that was
the whole point of a thread discussed a couple of weeks ago.)



Peter Constable

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Subject: [Ltru] 3066ter encompassed languages
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I'd like to propose a deviation from the proposed rules for languages
encompassed by a macrolanguage.  Currently, we've been assuming
that such languages (including sign languages for this purpose)
would be assigned extlang tags, with a prefix representing the
language subtag (639-2 or 639-1 code element) for the macrolanguage
that encompasses them.

Thus ar (Arabic) is a macrolanguage, and the various encompassed
languages would be encoded as ar-abh, ar-abv, etc. etc.  Likewise,
hmn (Hmong) is also a macrolanguage, so we'd get hmn-blu, hmn-hea,
etc.

*However* (and I think this has always been "understood" but not
expressed) this would *not* apply to any encompassed language
that already has a language tag as a consequence of being in
639-1 or 639-2 already.  Thus sr, not sh-sr; nn, not no-nn.

Just wanted to get that on record.

-- 
Verbogeny is one of the pleasurettes    John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
of a creatific thinkerizer.             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
   -- Peter da Silva

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 03:00:44 2006
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] 3066ter encompassed languages
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> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]


> I'd like to propose a deviation from the proposed rules for languages
> encompassed by a macrolanguage...

> Just wanted to get that on record.

+1 (I've had this assumption in the back of my mind all along, but it =
did need to be stated explicitly at some point.)



Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 03:09:25 2006
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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

>> Existing tag processors will reject the new tags only if they are 
>> utilizing an outdated copy of the Registry.  Such a processor would 
>> also reject the now-valid tag "zza" if its copy of the Registry is 
>> older than 2006-08-29.  The same situation applies to variant 
>> prefixes.
> ...
>
> A reminder - the registry draft says:
>
>   Although the specification of valid subtags for an extension (see:
>   Section 3.7) MUST be available over the Internet, implementations
>   SHOULD NOT mechanically depend on it being always accessible, to
>   prevent denial-of-service attacks.

That passage specifically refers to extension subtags, which would be 
available at whatever URL was specified in the RFC that defines the 
extension.

It's true that processors are not expected to go out to the IANA site 
and download a new Registry on every usage.  (This isn't necessary 
anyway, since an application can check if its copy is up-to-date by 
retrieving the File-Date record from IANA -- only 23 bytes, including 
CRLF -- and comparing it with the local copy.)

> Consequently, as a technical contributor I think "utilizing an 
> outdated copy" should be considered an extremely likely scenario. 
> Furthermore, it may be worth thinking about when (if ever) a 
> validating processor is really needed.

The point I was trying to make was that the problem is not unique to 
variant prefixes; it applies to all subtags.  Addison pointed out that 
the effect is different for pure generic variants, born without a 
prefix, but then I don't think those are such a hot idea anyway.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
Editor, draft-ietf-ltru-initial


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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> *However* (and I think this has always been "understood" but not 
> expressed) this would *not* apply to any encompassed language that 
> already has a language tag as a consequence of being in 639-1 or 639-2 
> already.  Thus sr, not sh-sr; nn, not no-nn.
>
> Just wanted to get that on record.

This sounds to me like case number 5 from John's fine summary of August 
28:
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05265.html

Now that the new charter has been approved, and the due dates for first 
drafts were *NOT* extended as I requested, we have only 21 days to put 
together some 3066ter documents.  In order for me to build a 
registry-initialization draft, we need to determine the rules (as John 
has done here for one such rule).  This includes, at a minimum:

1.  what to do about the Description fields when the 639-2 and 639-3 
descriptions don't match exactly

2.  what to do about sign languages

3.  which grandfathered tags to deprecate in favor of new 639-3-based 
subtags (John tackled this in msg05281.html but I'm not sure about some 
of his conclusions)

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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Doug Ewell wrote:

> the due dates for first drafts were *NOT* extended as I
> requested, we have only 21 days to put together some 3066ter
> documents.

Don't take these dates *too* serious, no angry ADs asking Randy
and Martin why LTRU is out of line if that takes a few weeks
longer - but admittedly I was ashamed when I stumbled over an
IESG narrative report with a DISCUSS for an ABNF issue in the
matching draft.  Let's please get the ABNF right in 3066ter
before Last Call.  (If we touch the ABNF at all, unlikely)

> we need to determine the rules

Yes.  Don't touch anything in the existing registry unless it
is grandfathered or a variant.  Downgrading language tags to
extlang-s is out.

> 1.  what to do about the Description fields when the 639-2
> and 639-3 descriptions don't match exactly

Keep as is, 639-2 as primary source, 639-3 as supplemental.

> 2.  what to do about sign languages

Would a decree that sgn is a pseudo-macrolanguage help ?  IIRC
there's no chance that sgn will ever be used for something else

> 3.  which grandfathered tags to deprecate in favor of new
> 639-3-based subtags

Same procedure as for grandfathered tags replaced by 639-2 tags

Frank



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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> the due dates for first drafts were *NOT* extended as I requested, we 
>> have only 21 days to put together some 3066ter documents.
>
> Don't take these dates *too* serious, no angry ADs asking Randy and 
> Martin why LTRU is out of line if that takes a few weeks longer - but 
> admittedly I was ashamed when I stumbled over an IESG narrative report 
> with a DISCUSS for an ABNF issue in the matching draft.  Let's please 
> get the ABNF right in 3066ter before Last Call.  (If we touch the ABNF 
> at all, unlikely)

I hope we don't touch it.  We went to some lengths to build a syntax 
that would also work for 3066ter.

> Yes.  Don't touch anything in the existing registry unless it is 
> grandfathered or a variant.  Downgrading language tags to extlang-s is 
> out.

OK, I think we at least have that one worked out.

>> 1.  what to do about the Description fields when the 639-2 and 639-3 
>> descriptions don't match exactly
>
> Keep as is, 639-2 as primary source, 639-3 as supplemental.

Scenario:  We have "Church Slavic" plus 4 other variants.  639-3 adds an 
inverted form, "Slavic, Church".  I assume we add it; first or last?

Scenario:  We have "Malay".  639-3 changes this to "Malay (specific)" 
because there is also "Malay (specific)" plus a host of others such as 
"Malay, Ambonese".  I assume we REPLACE the existing description with 
the one from 639-3.

Scenario:  We have "Ainu".  639-3 changes this to "Ainu (Japan)" to 
differentiate it from the unrelated "Ainu (China)".  Same outcome as 
above, plus we should probably point out in the registry update draft 
that these parenthesized country names are there to disambiguate 
colliding language names and not to take the place of region subtags.

Scenario:  We have "Marshallese" and 639-3 changes this to "Marshall" 
for no immediately obvious reason.  I assume we add it; first or last?

Scenario:  We have "Luxembourgish" followed by "Letzeburgesch".  639-3 
reverses the order.  I know many have said order doesn't matter, and I 
suspect we will do nothing here

In my private testing I've put the new 639-3 descriptions first and 
changed ordering to favor 639-3 (making the more comprehensive 639-3 the 
primary source and 639-2 supplemental).  Doing it Frank's way results in 
fewer gratuitous changes to ordering, but sometimes ("Malay") it is 
fairly clear we need to replace the existing string.

>> 2.  what to do about sign languages
>
> Would a decree that sgn is a pseudo-macrolanguage help ?  IIRC there's 
> no chance that sgn will ever be used for something else

It's our "decree," our decision to make.  That's what I'm asking for. 
We also need to decree that "sgn-US" et al. will be deprecated in favor 
of "sgn-ase" et al., or provide an alternative.  And we may need to 
decide what to do about "sgn-BE-fr" and other sign languages that 
Michael mentions on his page but that aren't in 639-3.

>> 3.  which grandfathered tags to deprecate in favor of new 639-3-based 
>> subtags
>
> Same procedure as for grandfathered tags replaced by 639-2 tags

john suggested deprecating "i-enochian" and "i-mingo" but didn't have 
anything to replace them with.  We probably shouldn't deprecate tags for 
"real" languages (cf. "zh-min") unless we provide a better way to tag 
them.  And he suggested deprecating "i-tao" (Tao) with "tao" (Yami) and 
"i-tay" (Tayal) with "tal" (Tal), which weren't at all obvious to me.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
Editor, draft-ietf-ltru-initial 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 10:07:51 2006
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> This sounds to me like case number 5 from John's fine summary of August 
> 28:
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05265.html

That summary had to do with the steady-state RFC 3066ter regime; this
point has to do with the transition period when we are getting all the
639-3 code elements into the registry.  It looks like these rules will
do it:

1) If a 639-3 code element is already in the registry, either as itself
or in the form of its 639-1 equivalent, do nothing.

2) If a 639-3 code element represents an unencompassed individual language
(or a macrolanguage, but fortunately there are no such cases), add it
to the registry as a language subtag.

3) If a 639-3 code element represents an individual language encompassed
by a macrolanguage, add it to the registry as an extlang subtag, and
specify the required prefix to be the language subtag in place for that
macrolanguage.  For this purpose, all sign languages are treated as if
encompassed by the macrolanguage "sgn", which is part of 639-2 and the
registry but is not in 639-3.

> 1.  what to do about the Description fields when the 639-2 and 639-3 
> descriptions don't match exactly

Keep both.  The 639-3 descriptions have been reviewed more recently and
are more likely to be correct, especially with regard to diacritics;
the 639-2 descriptions should be effectively grandfathered.

> 2.  what to do about sign languages

As above: treat them as encompassed by the macrolanguage "sgn", and
therefore add them as extlang subtags.  Deprecate the grandfathered
equivalents.

> 3.  which grandfathered tags to deprecate in favor of new 639-3-based 
> subtags (John tackled this in msg05281.html but I'm not sure about some 
> of his conclusions)

Start picking nits, then.

-- 
John Cowan      cowan@ccil.org        http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        Is it not written, "That which is written, is written"?

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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> (If we touch the ABNF at all, unlikely)
> I hope we don't touch it.  We went to some lengths to build a
> syntax that would also work for 3066ter.

I'd make an exception if <extlang> turns out to be unnecessary.
 
> Scenario:  We have "Church Slavic" plus 4 other variants.
> 639-3 adds an inverted form, "Slavic, Church".  I assume we
> add it; first or last?

The source for Church Slavic was 639-2.  I'd stick to it as is
in the registry, don't add it.

> Scenario:  We have "Malay".  639-3 changes this to "Malay
> (specific)" because there is also "Malay (specific)" plus a
> host of others such as "Malay, Ambonese".

If we can also get away with keeping the 639-2 Malay as is...
adding a comment with the more specific name is an option.

For the future (not the initial bulk update) the review list
could figure out what's best.  E.g. add it if really needed.

For the bulk update:  How many conflicts are there ? 

> I assume we REPLACE the existing description with the one
> from 639-3.

I don't like that, so far the description always mirrors the
source.  "No creative corrections of dubious apostrophes" was
an example.

> Scenario:  We have "Ainu".  639-3 changes this to "Ainu
> (Japan)" to differentiate it from the unrelated "Ainu
> (China)".  Same outcome as above

Yes, 639-3 shouldn't change 639-2 indirectly via the registry.

> we should probably point out in the registry update draft
> that these parenthesized country names are there to
> disambiguate colliding language names and not to take the
> place of region subtags.

ACK.
 
> We have "Marshallese" and 639-3 changes this to "Marshall"
> for no immediately obvious reason.

639-2 was the primary source, keep as is.

> Scenario:  We have "Luxembourgish" followed by
> "Letzeburgesch".  639-3 reverses the order.

Keep as is.  639-3 is supplemental, not an override.

> We also need to decree that "sgn-US" et al. will be
> deprecated in favor of "sgn-ase" et al.

I hope these cases are obvious for you or somebody else here,
they're not for me.  

> john suggested deprecating "i-enochian" and "i-mingo" but
> didn't have anything to replace them with.

Dubious idea under 4646-rules, there's some MUSTard saying that
"Preferred-Value" can't be added after deprecation.  I see no
compelling reason to change that rule.

> he suggested deprecating "i-tao" (Tao) with "tao" (Yami) and
> "i-tay" (Tayal) with "tal" (Tal), which weren't at all
> obvious to me.

Also not for me, but if we find a somewhat reliable source to
justify this it's okay.  That's how we got Suppress-Scripts, I
expected interesting debates and reviews in the Last Call, but
unfortunately nothing happened.

For a first impression (and draft) you can take any consistent
rules, we then look in the output, especially into all changes
wrt existing tags, and if it's dubious tune the rules until the
output passes giggle tests (not the "Church, Slavic" example).

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 10:36:57 2006
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"O frabjous day! / Callooh, callay!" / He chortled in his joy.

Our beloved RFC-3066bis now has an RFC number, or two of them actually:
RFC 4646 (BCP 47), "Tags for Identifying Languages", and RFC 4647 (BCP
47), "Matching of Language Tags".  Still no sign of the text itself on
isi.edu, rfc-editor.org, or ietf.org, though.

So we are now doing not RFC3066ter but RFC4646bis.

-- 
Andrew Watt on Microsoft:                       John Cowan
Never in the field of human computing           cowan@ccil.org
has so much been paid by so many                http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
to so few! (pace Winston Churchill)

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] RFC 4646!!
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So we have the traditional two 6's, albeit not as closely coupled as in
the past.

Misha


-----Original Message-----
From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]=20
Sent: 08 September 2006 15:37
To: ietf-languages@iana.org; ltru@ietf.org
Subject: [Ltru] RFC 4646!!

"O frabjous day! / Callooh, callay!" / He chortled in his joy.

Our beloved RFC-3066bis now has an RFC number, or two of them actually:
RFC 4646 (BCP 47), "Tags for Identifying Languages", and RFC 4647 (BCP
47), "Matching of Language Tags".  Still no sign of the text itself on
isi.edu, rfc-editor.org, or ietf.org, though.

So we are now doing not RFC3066ter but RFC4646bis.

--=20
Andrew Watt on Microsoft:                       John Cowan
Never in the field of human computing           cowan@ccil.org
has so much been paid by so many
http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
to so few! (pace Winston Churchill)

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Misha Wolf wrote:
 
> we have the traditional two 6's, albeit not as closely
> coupled as in the past.

Good mnemonic for BCP 47.  Curious if Doug got 4648: Frank



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On 8 Sep 2006, at 14:40, Misha Wolf wrote:

> So we have the traditional two 6's, albeit not as closely coupled =20
> as in
> the past.
>
> Misha
>

Try this, for close coupling:

4 6 4 6

4 + 6 =3D 10
4 + 6 =3D 10
(base 10)

1 + 0 =3D 1
1 + 0 =3D 1
(base 10)

1 + 1 =3D ?
(binary)

I let someone else do the rest of that sum, this fine sunny day in =20
Ireland.:-)
mg




- -
Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
* mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net]

> Scenario:  We have "Church Slavic" plus 4 other variants.  639-3 adds
an
> inverted form, "Slavic, Church".  I assume we add it; first or last?

Perhaps we have a working convention that we only use non-inverted name
forms in the Description field. The inverted forms are useful only when
providing a sorted list for human-eader lookup, and that is not relevant
for the description fields.


> Scenario:  We have "Marshallese" and 639-3 changes this to "Marshall"
> for no immediately obvious reason.  I assume we add it; first or last?

I believe work is being done to fix such minor inconsistencies.


> Scenario:  We have "Luxembourgish" followed by "Letzeburgesch".  639-3
> reverses the order.  I know many have said order doesn't matter, and I
> suspect we will do nothing here

Indeed, order doesn't matter.

=20

> >> 2.  what to do about sign languages
> >
> > Would a decree that sgn is a pseudo-macrolanguage help ?  IIRC
there's
> > no chance that sgn will ever be used for something else
>=20
> It's our "decree," our decision to make.  That's what I'm asking for.

+1

> We also need to decree that "sgn-US" et al. will be deprecated in
favor
> of "sgn-ase" et al.,=20

+1


> or provide an alternative.=20

-1


> And we may need to
> decide what to do about "sgn-BE-fr" and other sign languages that
> Michael mentions on his page but that aren't in 639-3.

Someone should prepare proposals to get them added to 639-3; in the mean
time, those tags remain grandfathered until such time as there is a
syntax-conformant tag that can supersede it.

=20
> >> 3.  which grandfathered tags to deprecate in favor of new
639-3-based
> >> subtags
> >
> > Same procedure as for grandfathered tags replaced by 639-2 tags
>=20
> john suggested deprecating "i-enochian" and "i-mingo" but didn't have
> anything to replace them with.  We probably shouldn't deprecate tags
for
> "real" languages (cf. "zh-min")=20

zh-min isn't an individual language; it's a putative genetic sub-family
of Chinese. We should deprecate that.



Peter Constable

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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> From: Frank Ellermann [mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de]


> For the bulk update:  How many conflicts are there ?

A final answer cannot be provided until the final draft of the code
table for 639-3 is completed. There are still some issues for the JAC to
review.



Peter Constable

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+1

By the way, since we have a newly minted charter, this weekend I intend 
to create an updated version of draft-registry as our -00 draft. It will 
include all the miscellaneous changes made by the RFC Editor as well as 
slots for ISO 639-3 and initial textual changes (unblocking extlangs, 
etc.) as discussed on this list or as seem "obvious" from a read-through 
(such as mentioning 639-3 in the stability rules).

Unless the chairs want something else I was intending to call it 
"draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis"

Addison

John Cowan wrote:
> I'd like to propose a deviation from the proposed rules for languages
> encompassed by a macrolanguage.  Currently, we've been assuming
> that such languages (including sign languages for this purpose)
> would be assigned extlang tags, with a prefix representing the
> language subtag (639-2 or 639-1 code element) for the macrolanguage
> that encompasses them.
> 
> Thus ar (Arabic) is a macrolanguage, and the various encompassed
> languages would be encoded as ar-abh, ar-abv, etc. etc.  Likewise,
> hmn (Hmong) is also a macrolanguage, so we'd get hmn-blu, hmn-hea,
> etc.
> 
> *However* (and I think this has always been "understood" but not
> expressed) this would *not* apply to any encompassed language
> that already has a language tag as a consequence of being in
> 639-1 or 639-2 already.  Thus sr, not sh-sr; nn, not no-nn.
> 
> Just wanted to get that on record.
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Marion Gunn scripsit:

> Try this, for close coupling:
> 
> 4 6 4 6
> 
> 4 + 6 = 10
> 4 + 6 = 10
> (base 10)
> 
> 1 + 0 = 1
> 1 + 0 = 1
> (base 10)
> 
> 1 + 1 = ?
> (binary)

1 + 1 = 10 (binary)

> I let someone else do the rest of that sum, this fine sunny day in  
> Ireland.:-)

Sunny here on the (rather smaller) island I live on, but too sticky-hot
for me.  When I went to Ireland in 1981, I hit the sunny bit in late
August too, most unfortunately for me, as I prefer cool, cloudy, slightly
rainy days -- i.e., the whole rest of the year.

Sometimes I think Europeans should have avoided the Americas at all costs.
We aren't engineered for the climate.

-- 
With techies, I've generally found              John Cowan
If your arguments lose the first round          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
    Make it rhyme, make it scan                 cowan@ccil.org
    Then you generally can
Make the same stupid point seem profound!           --Jonathan Robie

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To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Do we need validating parsers for input? (Was: prefixes
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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> Imagine that a process receives uk-Latb-UA. It is well-formed but not
> valid (typo in the script). I presumed that the sender of this tag
> would prefer to receive a message "Invalid language tag (subtag Latb
> is not registered)" rather than "No document found". Don't you agree?

I certainly don't reject this view.  I don't know how to decide, without
a particular case, whether the benefits of improved error reporting
improve the costs of validation.

For myself, I primarily think in terms of a publish-subscribe rather
than a client-server model, where a document tagger neither knows nor
cares exactly who will consume the document, but is concerned that it
be correct.

-- 
No,  John.  I want formats that are actually       John Cowan
useful, rather than over-featured megaliths that   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
address all questions by piling on ridiculous      cowan@ccil.org
internal links in forms which are hideously
over-complex. --Simon St. Laurent on xml-dev

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 15:42:48 2006
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Hi -

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 12:09 AM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: prefixes for date variants
...
> >   Although the specification of valid subtags for an extension (see:
> >   Section 3.7) MUST be available over the Internet, implementations
> >   SHOULD NOT mechanically depend on it being always accessible, to
> >   prevent denial-of-service attacks.
> 
> That passage specifically refers to extension subtags, which would be 
> available at whatever URL was specified in the RFC that defines the 
> extension.
> 
> It's true that processors are not expected to go out to the IANA site 
> and download a new Registry on every usage.  (This isn't necessary 
> anyway, since an application can check if its copy is up-to-date by 
> retrieving the File-Date record from IANA -- only 23 bytes, including 
> CRLF -- and comparing it with the local copy.)
...

As a technical contributor...

If this is how folks understand the words that are there,
then we need to make the language much stronger in the update.
When an application accesses the registry using HTTP, a lot
more than 23 bytes worth of load will be inflicted on IANA's
infrastructure, which is why we put the SHOULD NOT language
in.  The DoS that matters, after all, is the attack on IANA
that such an application would inflict.

Alternatively, if the WG really believes there will be wide-spread use
of validating processors requiring current registrations, then I suggest
we might need to reconsider the use of more robust technologies, such as
those discussed in conjunction with issues like #893, #965, and #968.
(https://rt.psg.com, user and password "ietf")

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 16:19:59 2006
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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] RFC 4646!!
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> Uh - when did the announcement go out?  I haven't seen it.
> I haven't even seen the note from the rfc-editor announcing
> their intent to make it available.

See http://www.rfc-editor.org/new_rfcs.html .  I don't know
whether this page is authoritative or not.

I also note, belatedly, that it assigns RFC 4645 to the
Doug's initial registry -- hopefully only the prose bits,
not the record-jar portion.

The three links to RFC 464[567] are broken.

-- 
John Cowan  <cowan@ccil.org>  http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        Raffiniert ist der Herrgott, aber boshaft ist er nicht.
                --Albert Einstein

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 16:53:24 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Peter Constable scripsit:

+1 to omitting inverted names, order doesn't matter, sgn is treated as
a macrolanguage, sgn-XX deprecated.

> > And we may need to
> > decide what to do about "sgn-BE-fr" and other sign languages that
> > Michael mentions on his page but that aren't in 639-3.
> 
> Someone should prepare proposals to get them added to 639-3; in the mean
> time, those tags remain grandfathered until such time as there is a
> syntax-conformant tag that can supersede it.

Ethnologue thinks the difference between sgn-BE-fr and sgn-BE-nl is
dialectal.  This needs to be hashed out at the 639-3/RA when it is
functional.

-- 
A rose by any other name                            John Cowan
may smell as sweet,                                 http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
but if you called it an onion                       cowan@ccil.org
you'd get cooks very confused.          --RMS

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 17:06:43 2006
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To: Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> john suggested deprecating "i-enochian" and "i-mingo" but didn't have 
> anything to replace them with.  We probably shouldn't deprecate tags for 
> "real" languages (cf. "zh-min") unless we provide a better way to tag 
> them.  And he suggested deprecating "i-tao" (Tao) with "tao" (Yami) and 
> "i-tay" (Tayal) with "tal" (Tal), which weren't at all obvious to me.

Enochian is a conlang and needs to be processed through Linguist List,
the sub-registrar for conlangs, in order to get incorporated into 639-3
at a later stage.  Until then, i-enochian stays.

Mingo is either a dialect of Seneca or a separate language, depending on
how distinct its orthography is.  It's mutually intelligible with Seneca,
by direct report.  The experts haven't yet weighed in.  In any case,
we keep i-mingo for now and then either register 'mingo' as a variant
subtag with prefix 'see', or else 639-3 registers a new tag.

zh-min should just be deprecated: it's a bogus macrolanguage.

http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=tao says that Tao is
an alternative (and locally preferred) name for Yami.  I assume Peter
changed the code to "tao" to agree with i-tao.

"tal" was a typo on my part: should have been "tay"; so deprecate "i-tay"
in favor of "tay".  Tayal is a listed alternate name at Ethnologue.

-- 
As you read this, I don't want you to feel      John Cowan
sorry for me, because, I believe everyone       cowan@ccil.org
will die someday.                               http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --From a Nigerian-type scam spam

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 17:16:02 2006
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Doug Ewell wrote:

> Scenario:  We have "Malay".  639-3 changes this to "Malay
> (specific)" because there is also "Malay (specific)" plus a
> host of others such as "Malay, Ambonese".

In fact it does not.  639-1 "ms" / 639-2 "msa" maps to 639-3's "Malay
(generic)", the macrolanguage.  The 639-3 "mly" maps to the language
called "Malay (specific)"; that is, the individual language encompassed by
"ms" that is also confusingly called "Malay".

-- 
A witness cannot give evidence of his           John Cowan
age unless he can remember being born.          cowan@ccil.org
  --Judge Blagden                               http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 8 Sep 2006 16:10:33 -0700
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Subject: [Ltru] Fw: BCP0047 RFC 4646 on Tags for Identifying Languages
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Hi -

Congratulations to all concerned!

Randy, ltru co-chair

----- Original Message ----- 
> From: <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
> To: <ietf-announce@ietf.org>; <rfc-dist@rfc-editor.org>
> Cc: <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 3:44 PM
> Subject: BCP0047 RFC 4646 on Tags for Identifying Languages
>
>
> A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.
>
>         BCP0047
>         RFC 4646
>
>         Title:      Tags for Identifying Languages
>         Author:     A. Phillips, M. Davis
>         Status:     Best Current Practice
>         Date:       September 2006
>         Mailbox:    addison@inter-locale.com,
>                     mark.davis@macchiato.com
>         Pages:      59
>         Characters: 135810
>
>
>         I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.txt
>
>         URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4646.txt
>
> This document describes the structure, content, construction, and
> semantics of language tags for use in cases where it is desirable to
> indicate the language used in an information object.  It also
> describes how to register values for use in language tags and the
> creation of user-defined extensions for private interchange.  This
> document, in combination with RFC 4647, replaces RFC 3066, which
> replaced RFC 1766.  This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion
and suggestions for improvements.
>
> This document is a product of the Language Tag Registry Update
> Working Group of the IETF
>
> This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the
> Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
> improvements.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
>
> This announcement is sent to the IETF list and the RFC-DIST list.
> Requests to be added to or deleted from the IETF distribution list
> should be sent to IETF-REQUEST@IETF.ORG.  Requests to be
> added to or deleted from the RFC-DIST distribution list should
> be sent to RFC-DIST-REQUEST@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.
>
> Details on obtaining RFCs via FTP or EMAIL may be obtained by sending
> an EMAIL message to rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG with the message body
>
> help: ways_to_get_rfcs. For example:
>
>         To: rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG
>         Subject: getting rfcs
>
>         help: ways_to_get_rfcs
>
> Requests for special distribution should be addressed to either the
> author of the RFC in question, or to RFC-Manager@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Unless
> specifically noted otherwise on the RFC itself, all RFCs are for
> unlimited distribution.
>
> Submissions for Requests for Comments should be sent to
> RFC-EDITOR@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Please consult RFC 2223, Instructions to RFC
> Authors, for further information.
>
>
> Joyce K. Reynolds and Sandy Ginoza
> USC/Information Sciences Institute
>
> ...
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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> IETF-Announce@ietf.org
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Subject: [Ltru] Fw: BCP0047 RFC 4647 on Matching of Language Tags
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Hi -

Congratulations to all concerned.

Randy, ltru co-chair

> From: <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
> To: <ietf-announce@ietf.org>; <rfc-dist@rfc-editor.org>
> Cc: <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 3:45 PM
> Subject: BCP0047 RFC 4647 on Matching of Language Tags
>
>
> A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.
>
>         BCP0047
>         RFC 4647
>
>         Title:      Matching of Language Tags
>         Author:     A. Phillips, M. Davis
>         Status:     Best Current Practice
>         Date:       September 2006
>         Mailbox:    addison@inter-locale.com,
>                     mark.davis@macchiato.com
>         Pages:      20
>         Characters: 45595
>
>
>         I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ltru-matching-15.txt
>
>         URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4647.txt
>
> This document describes a syntax, called a "language-range", for
> specifying items in a user's list of language preferences.  It also
> describes different mechanisms for comparing and matching these to
> language tags.  Two kinds of matching mechanisms, filtering and
> lookup, are defined.  Filtering produces a (potentially empty) set of
> language tags, whereas lookup produces a single language tag.
> Possible applications include language negotiation or content
> selection.  This document, in combination with RFC 4646, replaces RFC
> 3066, which replaced RFC 1766.  This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and
requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.
>
> This document is a product of the Language Tag Registry Update
> Working Group of the IETF
>
> This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the
> Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
> improvements.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
>
> This announcement is sent to the IETF list and the RFC-DIST list.
> Requests to be added to or deleted from the IETF distribution list
> should be sent to IETF-REQUEST@IETF.ORG.  Requests to be
> added to or deleted from the RFC-DIST distribution list should
> be sent to RFC-DIST-REQUEST@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.
>
> Details on obtaining RFCs via FTP or EMAIL may be obtained by sending
> an EMAIL message to rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG with the message body
>
> help: ways_to_get_rfcs. For example:
>
>         To: rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG
>         Subject: getting rfcs
>
>         help: ways_to_get_rfcs
>
> Requests for special distribution should be addressed to either the
> author of the RFC in question, or to RFC-Manager@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Unless
> specifically noted otherwise on the RFC itself, all RFCs are for
> unlimited distribution.
>
> Submissions for Requests for Comments should be sent to
> RFC-EDITOR@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Please consult RFC 2223, Instructions to RFC
> Authors, for further information.
>
>
> Joyce K. Reynolds and Sandy Ginoza
> USC/Information Sciences Institute
>
> ...
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 19:10:15 2006
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Fw: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
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Hi -

Congratulations, even if the most important part had to disappear
upon publication.  :-)

Randy, ltru co-chair

> From: <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
> To: <ietf-announce@ietf.org>; <rfc-dist@rfc-editor.org>
> Cc: <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 3:44 PM
> Subject: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
>
> 
> A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.
> 
>         
>         RFC 4645
> 
>         Title:      Initial Language Subtag Registry 
>         Author:     D. Ewell
>         Status:     Informational
>         Date:       September 2006
>         Mailbox:    dewell@adelphia.net
>         Pages:      7
>         Characters: 15517
>         Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:   None
> 
>         I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ltru-initial-06.txt
> 
>         URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4645.txt
> 
> This memo defined the initial contents of the IANA Language Subtag
> Registry for use in forming tags for the identification of languages.
> Since the contents of this memo only served as a starting point for
> the registry, its actual contents have been removed before 
> publication to avoid confusion.  This memo provides information for 
> the Internet community.
> 
> This document is a product of the Language Tag Registry Update
> Working Group of the IETF
> 
> 
> INFORMATIONAL: This memo provides information for the Internet community. 
> It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution
> of this memo is unlimited.
> 
> This announcement is sent to the IETF list and the RFC-DIST list.
> Requests to be added to or deleted from the IETF distribution list
> should be sent to IETF-REQUEST@IETF.ORG.  Requests to be
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> 
> Details on obtaining RFCs via FTP or EMAIL may be obtained by sending
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> 
> help: ways_to_get_rfcs. For example:
> 
>         To: rfc-info@RFC-EDITOR.ORG
>         Subject: getting rfcs
> 
>         help: ways_to_get_rfcs
> 
> Requests for special distribution should be addressed to either the
> author of the RFC in question, or to RFC-Manager@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Unless
> specifically noted otherwise on the RFC itself, all RFCs are for
> unlimited distribution.
> 
> Submissions for Requests for Comments should be sent to
> RFC-EDITOR@RFC-EDITOR.ORG.  Please consult RFC 2223, Instructions to RFC
> Authors, for further information.
> 
> 
> Joyce K. Reynolds and Sandy Ginoza
> USC/Information Sciences Institute
> 
> ...
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> IETF-Announce mailing list
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 08 19:26:45 2006
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] pre-approval for ltru WG -00- internet-draft
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Hi -

As co-chair of the ltru WG, I approve the impending submission of
draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt as an ltru working group internet draft.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 00:33:27 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> Enochian is a conlang and needs to be processed through Linguist List, 
> the sub-registrar for conlangs, in order to get incorporated into 
> 639-3 at a later stage.  Until then, i-enochian stays.
>
> Mingo is either a dialect of Seneca or a separate language, depending 
> on how distinct its orthography is.  It's mutually intelligible with 
> Seneca, by direct report.  The experts haven't yet weighed in.  In any 
> case, we keep i-mingo for now and then either register 'mingo' as a 
> variant subtag with prefix 'see', or else 639-3 registers a new tag.

In your message of August 29 (msg05281) you had labeled both of these 
"Deprecated in 3066ter" but with a Preferred-Value of "not known."  I 
prefer this more conservative approach.

> zh-min should just be deprecated: it's a bogus macrolanguage.

Agreed.  "cf." was meant to convey that: "real languages, as opposed to 
zh-min."

> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=tao says that Tao is 
> an alternative (and locally preferred) name for Yami.  I assume Peter 
> changed the code to "tao" to agree with i-tao.
>
> "tal" was a typo on my part: should have been "tay"; so deprecate 
> "i-tay" in favor of "tay".  Tayal is a listed alternate name at 
> Ethnologue.

Thanks for doing the research on both of those.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  Â·  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> In your message of August 29 (msg05281) you had labeled both of these 
> "Deprecated in 3066ter" but with a Preferred-Value of "not known."  I 
> prefer this more conservative approach.

So do I, now that I have the facts.

-- 
John Cowan    http://ccil.org/~cowan    cowan@ccil.org
Economists were put on this planet to make astrologers look good.
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> It looks like these rules will do it:
>
> 1) If a 639-3 code element is already in the registry, either as 
> itself or in the form of its 639-1 equivalent, do nothing.
>
> 2) If a 639-3 code element represents an unencompassed individual 
> language (or a macrolanguage, but fortunately there are no such 
> cases), add it to the registry as a language subtag.
>
> 3) If a 639-3 code element represents an individual language 
> encompassed by a macrolanguage, add it to the registry as an extlang 
> subtag, and specify the required prefix to be the language subtag in 
> place for that macrolanguage.  For this purpose, all sign languages 
> are treated as if encompassed by the macrolanguage "sgn", which is 
> part of 639-2 and the registry but is not in 639-3.

This looks good to me.

>> 1.  what to do about the Description fields when the 639-2 and 639-3 
>> descriptions don't match exactly
>
> Keep both.  The 639-3 descriptions have been reviewed more recently 
> and are more likely to be correct, especially with regard to 
> diacritics; the 639-2 descriptions should be effectively 
> grandfathered.

I also assumed the 639-3 descriptions would be more likely to be 
correct.  Since others have argued that the order of descriptions 
doesn't matter, however, we should add any new descriptions after the 
existing ones.

>> 2.  what to do about sign languages
>
> As above: treat them as encompassed by the macrolanguage "sgn", and 
> therefore add them as extlang subtags.  Deprecate the grandfathered 
> equivalents.

OK.

>> 3.  which grandfathered tags to deprecate in favor of new 639-3-based 
>> subtags (John tackled this in msg05281.html but I'm not sure about 
>> some of his conclusions)
>
> Start picking nits, then.

See my previous mail.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> I hope we don't touch it.  We went to some lengths to build a syntax 
>> that would also work for 3066ter.
>
> I'd make an exception if <extlang> turns out to be unnecessary.

I don't see that happening.  John has proposed rules for assigning 
primary and extended language tags to unencompassed and encompassed 
languages respectively, and nobody else has seriously objected to this.

>> Scenario:  We have "Church Slavic" plus 4 other variants. 639-3 adds 
>> an inverted form, "Slavic, Church".  I assume we add it; first or 
>> last?
>
> The source for Church Slavic was 639-2.  I'd stick to it as is in the 
> registry, don't add it.

What if the descriptions are noticeably different between 639-2 and 
639-3?  Where do we draw the line without being arbitrary?

>> Scenario:  We have "Malay".  639-3 changes this to "Malay (specific)"

(this was an error, should have been "Malay (generic)")

>> because there is also "Malay (specific)" plus a host of others such 
>> as "Malay, Ambonese".
>
> If we can also get away with keeping the 639-2 Malay as is... adding a 
> comment with the more specific name is an option.

My opinion is that that will add a lot of confusion and obfuscate the 
relationship between "generic" Malay and its flavors.

> For the future (not the initial bulk update) the review list could 
> figure out what's best.  E.g. add it if really needed.

I'd recommend adding it, but you're right: this is an ietf-languages 
question.

> For the bulk update:  How many conflicts are there ?

I count approximately 16, not including inverted forms like "Newari, 
Classical" which it has been suggested we ignore.

>> I assume we REPLACE the existing description with the one from 639-3.
>
> I don't like that, so far the description always mirrors the source. 
> "No creative corrections of dubious apostrophes" was an example.

Which source do we mirror, if one says "Waray" and the other says "Waray 
(Philippines)"?  Which is better for avoiding confusion with "Waray 
(Australia)"?

>> Scenario:  We have "Ainu".  639-3 changes this to "Ainu (Japan)" to 
>> differentiate it from the unrelated "Ainu (China)".  Same outcome as 
>> above
>
> Yes, 639-3 shouldn't change 639-2 indirectly via the registry.

In this case 639-3 is not "changing" 639-2, but elaborating on it, 
adding information which was not present before (partly because "aib" 
was not in 639-2).

>> we should probably point out in the registry update draft that these 
>> parenthesized country names are there to disambiguate colliding 
>> language names and not to take the place of region subtags.
>
> ACK.

Bill the Cat?

I'm in favor of adding the parenthesized country names introduced in 
639-3, when they serve to distinguish two languages with otherwise 
identical names.

(subsequent examples of this issue elided; readers know when Frank and I 
stand)

>> We also need to decree that "sgn-US" et al. will be deprecated in 
>> favor of "sgn-ase" et al.
>
> I hope these cases are obvious for you or somebody else here, they're 
> not for me.

Both the grandfathered tag "sgn-US" and the 639-3 code elements "ase" 
refer to American Sign Language.

>> john suggested deprecating "i-enochian" and "i-mingo" but didn't have 
>> anything to replace them with.
>
> Dubious idea under 4646-rules, there's some MUSTard saying that 
> "Preferred-Value" can't be added after deprecation.  I see no 
> compelling reason to change that rule.

John withdrew this.

> For a first impression (and draft) you can take any consistent rules, 
> we then look in the output, especially into all changes wrt existing 
> tags, and if it's dubious tune the rules until the output passes 
> giggle tests (not the "Church, Slavic" example).

That's what we'll end up doing, and it will be fine as long as the rules 
are consistent and not arbitrary or contrived.  The only really 
exceptional situation that I see is "sgn", and I don't see any 
difficulty justifying this when you consider the exceptional nature of 
sign languages.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 01:58:17 2006
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> Perhaps we have a working convention that we only use non-inverted 
> name forms in the Description field. The inverted forms are useful 
> only when providing a sorted list for human-eader lookup, and that is 
> not relevant for the description fields.

I like this, but can we go one step further for consistency, and 
actually *remove* the existing inverted forms for any subtags that also 
have the non-inverted form?

Type: language
Subtag: nd
Description: Ndebele, North     <-- remove
Description: North Ndebele
Added: 2005-10-16
Suppress-Script: Latn

Type: language
Subtag: nds
Description: Low German
Description: Low Saxon
Description: German, Low     <-- remove
Description: Saxon, Low     <-- remove
Added: 2005-10-16

I don't see anything in Section 3.4 that prohibits this.  Note that I 
don't propose "un-inverting" any descriptions when the inverted form is 
all we have:

Type: language
Subtag: fro
Description: French, Old (842-ca. 1400)     <-- no change
Added: 2005-10-16

>> Scenario:  We have "Marshallese" and 639-3 changes this to "Marshall" 
>> for no immediately obvious reason.  I assume we add it; first or 
>> last?
>
> I believe work is being done to fix such minor inconsistencies.

I know the answer to this already, but it would be nice to know what 
things like this (and "zza" as macrolanguage) will be changed before the 
final release of 639-3.  We can always plan as if there will be no 
surprises, and react to those that occur.

>> Scenario:  We have "Luxembourgish" followed by "Letzeburgesch". 
>> 639-3 reverses the order.  I know many have said order doesn't 
>> matter, and I suspect we will do nothing here
>
> Indeed, order doesn't matter.

Pretty much everyone seems to agree here.

>> And we may need to decide what to do about "sgn-BE-fr" and other sign 
>> languages that Michael mentions on his page but that aren't in 639-3.
>
> Someone should prepare proposals to get them added to 639-3; in the 
> mean time, those tags remain grandfathered until such time as there is 
> a syntax-conformant tag that can supersede it.

Agreed.  For 4646bis this means we do nothing for "sgn-BE-fr" and 
"sgn-BE-nl".  John observed that "sgn-CH-de" can be replaced by 
"sgn-sgg".

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

>> For the bulk update:  How many conflicts are there ?
>
> A final answer cannot be provided until the final draft of the code 
> table for 639-3 is completed. There are still some issues for the JAC 
> to review.

I do find it useful to know, as in this example, how many conflicts 
there would be if today's draft code table were made final.  It gives me 
a good sense of whether there are 5, 50, or 500.  We do need to keep in 
mind that the exact numbers are subject to change.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

>> It's true that processors are not expected to go out to the IANA site 
>> and download a new Registry on every usage.  (This isn't necessary 
>> anyway, since an application can check if its copy is up-to-date by 
>> retrieving the File-Date record from IANA -- only 23 bytes, including 
>> CRLF -- and comparing it with the local copy.)
> ...
>
> As a technical contributor...
>
> If this is how folks understand the words that are there, then we need 
> to make the language much stronger in the update. When an application 
> accesses the registry using HTTP, a lot more than 23 bytes worth of 
> load will be inflicted on IANA's infrastructure, which is why we put 
> the SHOULD NOT language in.  The DoS that matters, after all, is the 
> attack on IANA that such an application would inflict.

The load is far less than 630,000 bytes, the projected approximate size 
of the 4646bis Registry.

> Alternatively, if the WG really believes there will be wide-spread use 
> of validating processors requiring current registrations, then I 
> suggest we might need to reconsider the use of more robust 
> technologies, such as those discussed in conjunction with issues like 
> #893, #965, and #968. (https://rt.psg.com, user and password "ietf")

My tag generating and validating app (which I'll make available in the 
next few days, now that the RFCs are published) uses a local version of 
the Registry, packaged as a Windows DLL.  I update the DLL every time 
the Registry is changed, and plan to supply the updated DLLs to users 
for free.  That seems to me a reasonable distribution method that takes 
some degree of burden off the IANA site.

I wouldn't be opposed to discussing incremental updating methods of the 
type Randy referred to.  We created a Registry so that users could have 
a single, uniform repository of all valid subtags.  Having an up-to-date 
copy of the Registry is something that should be encouraged.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

> Congratulations, even if the most important part had to disappear upon 
> publication.  :-)

I still think we should investigate whether a new, huge RFC that will be 
chopped down to 7 pages before publication is the best way to deliver 
the new 4646bis data to IANA.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> we should investigate whether a new, huge RFC that will be
> chopped down to 7 pages before publication is the best way
> to deliver the new 4646bis data to IANA.

Short RFCs are okay, compare RFC 862 (STD 20).  For some time
I thought that another way would be better for the bulk update,
because it's huge, and the Last Call for RFC 4645 triggered
only two reviews (Bruce + JohnK).

But since Peter proposed to deprecate zh-min as special case,
maybe "4645bis" is the best place to handle such exceptions.

We could ask IANA what they prefer, 6000 update templates in
a file, 6000 registry entries in a file, or 6000 entries in
a "4645bis".  If they don't care managing cruft like zh-min
in a separate "4645bis" instead of "4646bis" could make sense:

Readers of 4646bis are probably not interested in this detail.

Frank



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Subject: [Ltru] Description styles (was: 3066ter encompassed languages)
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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> The inverted forms are useful only when providing a sorted
>> list for human-eader lookup, and that is not relevant for
>> the description fields.

> I like this

I don't, if I look for say SASL on the IANA page it makes me
nervous when it doesn't show up under SA or "se"(curity) -
until I finally find it under "si"(mple).

Convert registry to table and then sort by description (or by
type + description) is a good idea.  Why destroy it ?

> Type: language
> Subtag: nds
> Description: Low German
> Description: Low Saxon
> Description: German, Low     <-- remove

If somebody looking for "German" in a sorted table immediately
sees that there's also "German, Low" it's good.  For "Ndebele"
and "Ndebele, North" it's probably similar.

> I don't propose "un-inverting" any descriptions when the
> inverted form is all we have:

> Type: language
> Subtag: fro
> Description: French, Old (842-ca. 1400)     <-- no change

That would be a mess, sometimes 639-2 style survives, in other
cases it's replaced by another (I say worse) style.  Stick to
639-2 for primary tags derived from 639-2.

John said that the 639-3 descriptions are more up to date in
some cases.  IMO 639-2 should then adopt it, better apostrophes
and all, it's not the job of the IANA registry to second-guess
its sources (outside of comments).

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> John has proposed rules for assigning primary and extended
> language tags to unencompassed and encompassed languages
> respectively, and nobody else has seriously objected to this.

Yes, those were good rules.  But if 639-anything is guaranteed
to be unique we don't need the extlang construct at all.  

>> The source for Church Slavic was 639-2.  I'd stick to it as
>> is in the registry, don't add it.
 
> What if the descriptions are noticeably different between
> 639-2 and 639-3?  Where do we draw the line without being
> arbitrary?

The line is "whatever 639-2 says" for a tag derived from 639-2.

In that case don't bother to look at 639-3, unless it could be
a good comment to be registered individually under 4646 rules.

 {Malay vs. Malay (generic)]
> My opinion is that that will add a lot of confusion and
> obfuscate the relationship between "generic" Malay and its
> flavors.

I'm not confused, Malay 639-2 is what I want.  And it's fine
if 639-3 Malay (Ambonese) shows up next alphabetically.

>> For the bulk update:  How many conflicts are there ?
> I count approximately 16, not including inverted forms like
> "Newari, Classical" which it has been suggested we ignore.

Good, so a general rule "pick whatever 639-2 say, after that
add anything found in 639-3 not already covered by the first
step" could work.

> Which source do we mirror, if one says "Waray" and the other
> says "Waray (Philippines)"?

639-2.

> Which is better for avoiding confusion with "Waray
> (Australia)"?

639-3 <g>.  Propose a rule how to smuggle Waray (Philippines)
into the 639-2 entry.  "Comment" is my first idea.  Or "let's
see how they sort it out" - Peter said that will be done in
time.

>> ACK.
> Bill the Cat?
u+0006 in the US-ASCII repertoire :-)

> I'm in favor of adding the parenthesized country names
> introduced in 639-3, when they serve to distinguish two
> languages with otherwise identical names.

If it has an obvious pattern we can create a rule for it.

Frank



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I disagree with this and reiterate my position as stated within the "holy
apostrophe debate" on IETF-languages:

"all names as represented within the underlying standards should be included
in the registry in the EXACT format that they take within the standard.
This means that if a name is presented as Foo (Bar) in the underlying
standard then it remains as Foo (Bar).  Three reasons for this, one:
consistency, two: very often the bracketed information acts as an additional
qualifier, three: the name can be used by other systems as a Unique
Identifier (ISO 11179)."

I would further add that human readability should be taken into
consideration as should sort order. Thus, in the example given, "Ndebele,
North" should be retained.

If there is a discrepancy between the descriptions of ISO 639-2 and ISO
639-3 then BOTH should be included IMHO.

Best regards

Debbie 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net] 
> Sent: 09 September 2006 06:58
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
> 
> Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:
> 
> > Perhaps we have a working convention that we only use non-inverted 
> > name forms in the Description field. The inverted forms are useful 
> > only when providing a sorted list for human-eader lookup, 
> and that is 
> > not relevant for the description fields.
> 
> I like this, but can we go one step further for consistency, 
> and actually *remove* the existing inverted forms for any 
> subtags that also have the non-inverted form?
> 
> Type: language
> Subtag: nd
> Description: Ndebele, North     <-- remove
> Description: North Ndebele
> Added: 2005-10-16
> Suppress-Script: Latn
> 
> Type: language
> Subtag: nds
> Description: Low German
> Description: Low Saxon
> Description: German, Low     <-- remove
> Description: Saxon, Low     <-- remove
> Added: 2005-10-16
> 
> I don't see anything in Section 3.4 that prohibits this.  
> Note that I don't propose "un-inverting" any descriptions 
> when the inverted form is all we have:
> 
> Type: language
> Subtag: fro
> Description: French, Old (842-ca. 1400)     <-- no change
> Added: 2005-10-16
> 
> >> Scenario:  We have "Marshallese" and 639-3 changes this to 
> "Marshall" 
> >> for no immediately obvious reason.  I assume we add it; first or 
> >> last?
> >
> > I believe work is being done to fix such minor inconsistencies.
> 
> I know the answer to this already, but it would be nice to 
> know what things like this (and "zza" as macrolanguage) will 
> be changed before the final release of 639-3.  We can always 
> plan as if there will be no surprises, and react to those that occur.
> 
> >> Scenario:  We have "Luxembourgish" followed by "Letzeburgesch". 
> >> 639-3 reverses the order.  I know many have said order doesn't 
> >> matter, and I suspect we will do nothing here
> >
> > Indeed, order doesn't matter.
> 
> Pretty much everyone seems to agree here.
> 
> >> And we may need to decide what to do about "sgn-BE-fr" and 
> other sign 
> >> languages that Michael mentions on his page but that 
> aren't in 639-3.
> >
> > Someone should prepare proposals to get them added to 639-3; in the 
> > mean time, those tags remain grandfathered until such time 
> as there is 
> > a syntax-conformant tag that can supersede it.
> 
> Agreed.  For 4646bis this means we do nothing for "sgn-BE-fr" 
> and "sgn-BE-nl".  John observed that "sgn-CH-de" can be 
> replaced by "sgn-sgg".
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  .  UTN #14
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 07:08:37 2006
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From: "Kent Karlsson" <kent.karlsson14@comhem.se>
To: "'LTRU Working Group'" <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 2006 13:07:51 +0200
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Doug Ewell wrote:
> >> Scenario:  We have "Malay".  639-3 changes this to "Malay 
> (specific)"
> 
> (this was an error, should have been "Malay (generic)")
> 
> >> because there is also "Malay (specific)" plus a host of 
> others such 
> >> as "Malay, Ambonese".
> >
> > If we can also get away with keeping the 639-2 Malay as 
> is... adding a 
> > comment with the more specific name is an option.
> 
> My opinion is that that will add a lot of confusion and obfuscate the 
> relationship between "generic" Malay and its flavors.

The following is not really an issue for ltru, nor ietf-languages,
but for 639-3.

I'm not too keen on the "(specific)" and "(generic)" parts of those
descriptions.

We already have 'tai': Tai [languages] (other), and 'th'/'tha': Thai. That
is an almost parallel case. Almost because of 1) the "other", and
2) the slightly different spelling th/t. But apart from that, and given
that (almost) parallel, I think that "Malay (generic)" would be better
described as "Malay languages" and "Malay (specific)" would be
better described as just "Malay", or even better use one or more
of the alternate names given in the Ethnologue, like Standard Malay
or Bahasa Malayu.

I find that the 639-3 website does not give a list of languages for
'tai', but it does so for "msa". Why that is so? 'tai' should encompass
all the Tai languages except Thai and Lao, due to the "other" (it is
only "other" w.r.t. 639-2, not w.r.t. 639-3).

		/kent k


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 11:53:48 2006
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To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> But if 639-anything is guaranteed to be unique we don't need the
> extlang construct at all.

The purpose of extlangs is not for uniqueness (639-anything code elements
*are* guaranteed unique) but backward compatibility and ease in matching.

For example, 639-1 (and a fortiori 4646) has "ar", meaning simply
"Arabic", a term encompassing some 30 distinct languages.  Rather than
requiring people in search of any sort of Arabic to search for 30
distinct tags, or requiring matchers to keep a table mapping "ar" to
all those tags, we instead require taggers specifying (say) Algerian
Arabic to use "ar-aao" instead of just "aao".  That way, searches for
"ar" will automatically match.

We have done this for Chinese already, and we attempted to do it for
Norwegian as well, but in the latter case (as well as for Serbo-Croatian),
ISO 639-1/RA took things out of our hands by creating separate code
elements.  So people just have to know that "no" encompasses "nb" and "nn"
and that "sh" encompasses "sr", "hr", and "bs".  We want to avoid
having to deal with any more such tacit knowledge.

-- 
Dream projects long deferred             John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
usually bite the wax tadpole.            http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --James Lileks

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 12:52:34 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Kent Karlsson scripsit:

> We already have 'tai': Tai [languages] (other), and 'th'/'tha': Thai. That
> is an almost parallel case. Almost because of 1) the "other", and
> 2) the slightly different spelling th/t. 

Unfortunately, that spelling difference is fundamental.  The difference
between "th" and "t" (aspirated vs. not aspirated) is not very apparent to
Germanic-speaking ears; it is the difference between the /t/ in English
"tie" (which is pronounced like "Thai") and English "sty" (which, if
you excised the /s/ sound, would sound like "Tai").

Furthermore, "Tai" is the name of a genetic subtree of languages, whereas
"Thai" is the name of a specific language.  More on that below.

> I find that the 639-3 website does not give a list of languages for
> 'tai', but it does so for "msa". Why that is so? 'tai' should encompass
> all the Tai languages except Thai and Lao, due to the "other" (it is
> only "other" w.r.t. 639-2, not w.r.t. 639-3).

That requires some explanation.  In ISO 639-2, there are two kinds of
code elements; those for individual languages such as "eng" and those for
language collectives such as "tai" or "nai" (North American languages).

The intention was to provide *some* code element for every language,
even if not a unique one.  Thus documents in all Tai languages other
than Thai and Lao could be tagged "tai".  However, this was unstable,
because if an additional Tai language were registered by 639-2/RA,
the denotation of "tai" would technically change to exclude it, possibly
invalidating existing data.  Furthermore, the definition of a Tai language
is dependent on scholarship, and may change over time to include more
or fewer languages.

639-3 is a registry of individual languages only, and does not include
any collective language tags -- ISO 639-5 will contain a selection of
such tags, including all those in 639-2, and ISO 639-6 will contain more.
However, it was found that in many cases individual 639-2 languages mapped
to more than one 639-3 language.  These 639-2 languages were therefore
added to 639-3 as macrolanguages, with explicit and permanent mappings
to the corresponding 639-3 individual languages.

It is these mappings that we will use to establish which 639-3 individual
languages will be registered as language subtags and which as extlang
subtags.

-- 
As we all know, civil libertarians are not      John Cowan
the friskiest group around -- comes from        cowan@ccil.org
forever being on the qui vive for the sound     http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
of jack-booted fascism coming down the pike.           --Molly Ivins

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 12:53:19 2006
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From: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
To: 'John Cowan' <cowan@ccil.org>, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] RFC 4646!! [posted by RFC Editor]
Date: Sat, 9 Sep 2006 09:53:09 -0700 
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Hi,

As of today (Saturday 9 September 2006), are posted at:

  ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes

RFC 4645 is 7 pages long (i.e., does NOT contain the
initial registry contents).

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 4:20 PM
> To: Randy Presuhn
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] RFC 4646!!
> 
> 
> Randy Presuhn scripsit:
> 
> > Uh - when did the announcement go out?  I haven't seen it.
> > I haven't even seen the note from the rfc-editor announcing
> > their intent to make it available.
> 
> See http://www.rfc-editor.org/new_rfcs.html .  I don't know
> whether this page is authoritative or not.
> 
> I also note, belatedly, that it assigns RFC 4645 to the
> Doug's initial registry -- hopefully only the prose bits,
> not the record-jar portion.
> 
> The three links to RFC 464[567] are broken.
> 
> -- 
> John Cowan  <cowan@ccil.org>  http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
>         Raffiniert ist der Herrgott, aber boshaft ist er nicht.
>                 --Albert Einstein
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> 

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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John Cowan wrote:
> Kent Karlsson scripsit:
> 
> > We already have 'tai': Tai [languages] (other), and 
> 'th'/'tha': Thai. That
> > is an almost parallel case. Almost because of 1) the "other", and
> > 2) the slightly different spelling th/t. 
> 
> Unfortunately, that spelling difference is fundamental.  The 
> difference
> between "th" and "t" (aspirated vs. not aspirated) is not 
> very apparent to
> Germanic-speaking ears; it is the difference between the /t/ 
> in English
> "tie" (which is pronounced like "Thai") and English "sty" (which, if
> you excised the /s/ sound, would sound like "Tai").
> 
> Furthermore, "Tai" is the name of a genetic subtree of 
> languages, whereas
> "Thai" is the name of a specific language.  More on that below.

Let me try again, since you managed to completely miss my point:

I think it would be much better (for 639-3) to have descriptions like

	msa: Malay languages
	mly: Standard Malay, Bahasa Malayu

or even

	msa: Malay languages
	mly: Malay

rather than the very artificial

	msa: Malay (generic)
	mly: Malay (specific)

> > I find that the 639-3 website does not give a list of languages for
> > 'tai', but it does so for "msa". Why that is so? 'tai' 
> should encompass
> > all the Tai languages except Thai and Lao, due to the "other" (it is
> > only "other" w.r.t. 639-2, not w.r.t. 639-3).
> 
> That requires some explanation.  In ISO 639-2, there are two kinds of
> code elements; those for individual languages such as "eng" 
> and those for
> language collectives such as "tai" or "nai" (North American 
> languages).
> 
> The intention was to provide *some* code element for every language,
> even if not a unique one.  Thus documents in all Tai languages other
> than Thai and Lao could be tagged "tai".  However, this was unstable,
> because if an additional Tai language were registered by 639-2/RA,
> the denotation of "tai" would technically change to exclude 
> it, possibly
> invalidating existing data.  Furthermore, the definition of a 
> Tai language
> is dependent on scholarship, and may change over time to include more
> or fewer languages.
> 
> 639-3 is a registry of individual languages only, and does not include
> any collective language tags -- ISO 639-5 will contain a selection of
> such tags, including all those in 639-2, and ISO 639-6 will 
> contain more.
> However, it was found that in many cases individual 639-2 
> languages mapped
> to more than one 639-3 language.  These 639-2 languages were therefore
> added to 639-3 as macrolanguages, with explicit and permanent mappings
> to the corresponding 639-3 individual languages.
> 
> It is these mappings that we will use to establish which 
> 639-3 individual
> languages will be registered as language subtags and which as extlang
> subtags.

But the IANA LSTR will not the same as 639-3 (for language codes).
The IANA LSTR will, for stability reasons, continue to contain
"collective" codes. We could either:

1) deprecate them ("collective" codes) all and for each of them refer to
individual language codes (from 639-3 but not in 639-2), or

2) leave them as additional "macrolanguages", giving individual language
codes (from 639-3, not any in 639-2) as "extlangs" for each.

Either way, we would need an authoritative list of the individual
language
codes each of them *currently* cover (not to be updated in future
versions,
for stability, even if would leave the lists as outdated).

I don't think it would be a good idea to leave them as is. I would
prefer
alternative 1 above, but some of them may have been used (despite that
being a bad idea), in which case alternative 2 may be better.

		/kent k


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 13:57:17 2006
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To: "'Kent Karlsson'" <kent.karlsson14@comhem.se>,
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Kent wrote: 

> I think it would be much better (for 639-3) to have descriptions like
> 
> 	msa: Malay languages
> 	mly: Standard Malay, Bahasa Malayu
> 
> or even
> 
> 	msa: Malay languages
> 	mly: Malay
> 
> rather than the very artificial
> 
> 	msa: Malay (generic)
> 	mly: Malay (specific)

In which case please suggest it to the ISO 639 JAC.  To reiterate, the
Registry should reflect the standards exactly. Alternatively, suggest an
additional description but always include the description as per the
underlying standard.

Best regards

Debbie Garside



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Kent Karlsson [mailto:kent.karlsson14@comhem.se] 
> Sent: 09 September 2006 18:39
> To: 'John Cowan'
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
> 
> John Cowan wrote:
> > Kent Karlsson scripsit:
> > 
> > > We already have 'tai': Tai [languages] (other), and
> > 'th'/'tha': Thai. That
> > > is an almost parallel case. Almost because of 1) the "other", and
> > > 2) the slightly different spelling th/t. 
> > 
> > Unfortunately, that spelling difference is fundamental.  The 
> > difference between "th" and "t" (aspirated vs. not 
> aspirated) is not 
> > very apparent to Germanic-speaking ears; it is the 
> difference between 
> > the /t/ in English "tie" (which is pronounced like "Thai") 
> and English 
> > "sty" (which, if you excised the /s/ sound, would sound like "Tai").
> > 
> > Furthermore, "Tai" is the name of a genetic subtree of languages, 
> > whereas "Thai" is the name of a specific language.  More on that 
> > below.
> 
> Let me try again, since you managed to completely miss my point:
> 
> I think it would be much better (for 639-3) to have descriptions like
> 
> 	msa: Malay languages
> 	mly: Standard Malay, Bahasa Malayu
> 
> or even
> 
> 	msa: Malay languages
> 	mly: Malay
> 
> rather than the very artificial
> 
> 	msa: Malay (generic)
> 	mly: Malay (specific)
> 
> > > I find that the 639-3 website does not give a list of 
> languages for 
> > > 'tai', but it does so for "msa". Why that is so? 'tai'
> > should encompass
> > > all the Tai languages except Thai and Lao, due to the 
> "other" (it is 
> > > only "other" w.r.t. 639-2, not w.r.t. 639-3).
> > 
> > That requires some explanation.  In ISO 639-2, there are 
> two kinds of 
> > code elements; those for individual languages such as "eng"
> > and those for
> > language collectives such as "tai" or "nai" (North American 
> > languages).
> > 
> > The intention was to provide *some* code element for every 
> language, 
> > even if not a unique one.  Thus documents in all Tai 
> languages other 
> > than Thai and Lao could be tagged "tai".  However, this was 
> unstable, 
> > because if an additional Tai language were registered by 
> 639-2/RA, the 
> > denotation of "tai" would technically change to exclude it, 
> possibly 
> > invalidating existing data.  Furthermore, the definition of a Tai 
> > language is dependent on scholarship, and may change over time to 
> > include more or fewer languages.
> > 
> > 639-3 is a registry of individual languages only, and does 
> not include 
> > any collective language tags -- ISO 639-5 will contain a 
> selection of 
> > such tags, including all those in 639-2, and ISO 639-6 will contain 
> > more.
> > However, it was found that in many cases individual 639-2 languages 
> > mapped to more than one 639-3 language.  These 639-2 languages were 
> > therefore added to 639-3 as macrolanguages, with explicit and 
> > permanent mappings to the corresponding 639-3 individual languages.
> > 
> > It is these mappings that we will use to establish which
> > 639-3 individual
> > languages will be registered as language subtags and which 
> as extlang 
> > subtags.
> 
> But the IANA LSTR will not the same as 639-3 (for language codes).
> The IANA LSTR will, for stability reasons, continue to 
> contain "collective" codes. We could either:
> 
> 1) deprecate them ("collective" codes) all and for each of 
> them refer to individual language codes (from 639-3 but not 
> in 639-2), or
> 
> 2) leave them as additional "macrolanguages", giving 
> individual language codes (from 639-3, not any in 639-2) as 
> "extlangs" for each.
> 
> Either way, we would need an authoritative list of the 
> individual language codes each of them *currently* cover (not 
> to be updated in future versions, for stability, even if 
> would leave the lists as outdated).
> 
> I don't think it would be a good idea to leave them as is. I 
> would prefer alternative 1 above, but some of them may have 
> been used (despite that being a bad idea), in which case 
> alternative 2 may be better.
> 
> 		/kent k
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 15:39:56 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Kent Karlsson scripsit:

> I think it would be much better (for 639-3) to have descriptions like
> 
> 	msa: Malay languages
> 	mly: Standard Malay, Bahasa Malayu
> 
> or even
> 
> 	msa: Malay languages
> 	mly: Malay

That would be misleading.  "languages" suggests a collection of
languages, whereas msa is a macrolanguage.  Understanding this
distinction is fundamental.

> rather than the very artificial
> 
> 	msa: Malay (generic)
> 	mly: Malay (specific)

It's an artificial situation caused by a mismatch between
639-2 and -3.

> But the IANA LSTR will not the same as 639-3 (for language codes).
> The IANA LSTR will, for stability reasons, continue to contain
> "collective" codes. We could either:
> 
> 1) deprecate them ("collective" codes) all and for each of them refer to
> individual language codes (from 639-3 but not in 639-2), or

That would be IMHO overkill.  Sometimes you simply don't know, or need
to know, the specific language of a document.

I would not object to a new "discouraged" status intermediate between
deprecated and encouraged.

> 2) leave them as additional "macrolanguages", giving individual language
> codes (from 639-3, not any in 639-2) as "extlangs" for each.
> 
> Either way, we would need an authoritative list of the individual
> language codes each of them *currently* cover (not to be updated
> in future versions, for stability, even if would leave the lists
> as outdated).

No such lists exist or are likely to exist; there is not even
scholarly agreement on their contents in many cases.

-- 
But that, he realized, was a foolish            John Cowan
thought; as no one knew better than he          cowan@ccil.org
that the Wall had no other side.                http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --Arthur C. Clarke, "The Wall of Darkness"

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 19:18:26 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Fw: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
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Hi -

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 11:21 PM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Fw: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
...
> I still think we should investigate whether a new, huge RFC that will be 
> chopped down to 7 pages before publication is the best way to deliver 
> the new 4646bis data to IANA.
...

As a technical contributor -

Based on how the last round went, I think the WG's decision to
use an internet draft was correct.

I think the WG's decision to publish to send that material through
the RFC publication process was also good, inasmuch as it did elicit
useful comments, and gave us the requisite paper trail to deal with
real or imagined procedural problems.

I think the final decision to elide the interesting parts was
perhaps unfortunate, but also understandable, given the onslaught
the IETF has been suffering.

Randy


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Hi -

> From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
> To: "'Doug Ewell'" <dewell@adelphia.net>; "'LTRU Working Group'" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Saturday, September 09, 2006 3:58 AM
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
>

> I disagree with this and reiterate my position as stated within the "holy
> apostrophe debate" on IETF-languages:
> 
> "all names as represented within the underlying standards should be included
> in the registry in the EXACT format that they take within the standard.
> This means that if a name is presented as Foo (Bar) in the underlying
> standard then it remains as Foo (Bar).  Three reasons for this, one:
> consistency, two: very often the bracketed information acts as an additional
> qualifier, three: the name can be used by other systems as a Unique
> Identifier (ISO 11179)."
> 
> I would further add that human readability should be taken into
> consideration as should sort order. Thus, in the example given, "Ndebele,
> North" should be retained.
> 
> If there is a discrepancy between the descriptions of ISO 639-2 and ISO
> 639-3 then BOTH should be included IMHO.
...

As a technical contributor, and in the context of the work of the ltru WG,
I agree whole-heartedly.  Anything other than what can be extracted
algorithmicly from the base standards should be debated on a case-by-case
basis on the ietf-languages@iana.org list.

Our work here is not to "improve" upon the raw data.  It is to ensure that
the registry format and procedures support the needs of language tagging,
and, incidentally, to supply "mass initialization" data *derived* from those
base standards.  We aren't here to editorialize or improve on that data.
That's a problem for the ietf-languages@iana.org list.

Randy


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Hi -

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, September 08, 2006 11:17 PM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: prefixes for date variants
...
> Having an up-to-date 
> copy of the Registry is something that should be encouraged.
...

As a technical contributor, I believe this would be a grave mistake,
unless we *severely* qualify what is meant by "user."  I believe that
vast majority of users have no need whatsoever for language tag validators.
Normal users should never even see language tags, much less be creating them.
Language tags used in protocol should be put there by software as a result
of other user choices.  I think the only folks who should be using tag
validators are the developers of applications which generate language tags.
These are hardly typical "users".

Randy


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 09 21:14:42 2006
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> > Having an up-to-date 
> > copy of the Registry is something that should be encouraged.
> 
> As a technical contributor, I believe this would be a grave mistake,
> unless we *severely* qualify what is meant by "user."  I believe
> that vast majority of users have no need whatsoever for language
> tag validators.  Normal users should never even see language tags,
> much less be creating them.  Language tags used in protocol should be
> put there by software as a result of other user choices.  I think the
> only folks who should be using tag validators are the developers of
> applications which generate language tags.  These are hardly typical
> "users".

I don't think it's so simple.  I've been talking with Eric Muller of
uhdrinunicode.org, who's developing Unicode plain-text versions of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights in a large variety of languages.
Currently he uses Ethnologue tags, and he's asked me whether a RFC4646bis
prototype evaluator is available so he can look into converting to that
standard when it becomes available.  (Doug?)

Apache, to take another example, can do language negotation if
appropriately configured, so that if you ask for foo.html in French,
you get foo.html.fr, whereas if you ask for foo.html in English, you
get foo.html.en.  The people who create those files, if they do so by
hand, need to use language tags.

I think Doug means not that people should be encouraged to pull the
LSR dynamically, but rather that programs that encapsulate the state of
the LSR (like his Windows version) should be made widely available and
updated fairly regularly, monthly or every two months or whatever.

-- 
You let them out again, Old Man Willow!                 John Cowan
What you be a-thinking of?  You should not be waking!   cowan@ccil.org
Eat earth!  Dig deep!  Drink water!  Go to sleep!
Bombadil is talking.                                    http://ccil.org/~cowan

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 00:58:39 2006
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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From: Kent Karlsson [mailto:kent.karlsson14@comhem.se]=20

> Let me try again, since you managed to completely miss my point:
>
> I think it would be much better (for 639-3) to have descriptions like
>	msa: Malay languages
>	mly: Standard Malay, Bahasa Malayu
>
> or even
>
>	msa: Malay languages
>	mly: Malay
>
>rather than the very artificial
>
>	msa: Malay (generic)
>	mly: Malay (specific)

No, you have missed the point. In ISO 639, entries with names of the
form "... languages" are *collections*. The entry with the ID msa is
*not* a collection; it is a macrolanguage.=20

It is listed in ISO 639-2 as an individual language, "Malay", and as
such has usage as though it denoted a single language. But in ISO 639-3
there are several individual languages that (possibly -- more below) are
encompassed by msa. One of these is the language Malay, also known as
Bahasa Malaysia or Standard Malay, which has its own ID mly. In order to
keep unique reference names for every entry, 639-3 needs some way to
distinguish "Malay" in the case of msa from "Malay" in the case of mly.
When preparing the draft code table for 639-3, most cases of
macrolanguages did not have a problem with the reference name being
identical to the reference name of some individual language, but there
were a few, one of which was Malay.

Now, a few comments are needed here:

- You are looking at a *draft* table for 639-3.

- One of the open issues that the JAC needs to make a decision on is how
the 639-2 entry should be treated in relation to entries in 639-3: is it
equated with mly (in which case mly would be removed from the code
table), or is it treated as a macrolanguage (as reflected in the draft
code table)?=20

- If the JFrom ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 00:58:39 2006
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From: Kent Karlsson [mailto:kent.karlsson14@comhem.se]=20

> Let me try again, since you managed to completely miss my point:
>
> I think it would be much better (for 639-3) to have descriptions like
>	msa: Malay languages
>	mly: Standard Malay, Bahasa Malayu
>
> or even
>
>	msa: Malay languages
>	mly: Malay
>
>rather than the very artificial
>
>	msa: Malay (generic)
>	mly: Malay (specific)

No, you have missed the point. In ISO 639, entries with names of the
form "... languages" are *collections*. The entry with the ID msa is
*not* a collection; it is a macrolanguage.=20

It is listed in ISO 639-2 as an individual language, "Malay", and as
such has usage as though it denoted a single language. But in ISO 639-3
there are several individual languages that (possibly -- more below) are
encompassed by msa. One of these is the language Malay, also known as
Bahasa Malaysia or Standard Malay, which has its own ID mly. In order to
keep unique reference names for every entry, 639-3 needs some way to
distinguish "Malay" in the case of msa from "Malay" in the case of mly.
When preparing the draft code table for 639-3, most cases of
macrolanguages did not have a problem with the reference name being
identical to the reference name of some individual language, but there
were a few, one of which was Malay.

Now, a few comments are needed here:

- You are looking at a *draft* table for 639-3.

- One of the open issues that the JAC needs to make a decision on is how
the 639-2 entry should be treated in relation to entries in 639-3: is it
equated with mly (in which case mly would be removed from the code
table), or is it treated as a macrolanguage (as reflected in the draft
code table)?=20

- If the JAC decides to treat msa as identical to mly resulting in the
separate entry mly being deleted, then there is no longer an issue with
two entries having otherwise identical reference names.

- If the JAC decides to treat msa as a macrolanguage, then there is
still opportunity for the reference names to be revised, and the problem
might perhaps be avoidable (e.g. by using "Standard Malay" or "Bahasa
Malay" for mly).




> But the IANA LSTR will not the same as 639-3 (for language codes).
> The IANA LSTR will, for stability reasons, continue to contain
> "collective" codes. We could either:
>
> 1) deprecate them ("collective" codes) all and for each of them refer
to
> individual language codes (from 639-3 but not in 639-2), or

I've always been in favour of deprecating collective IDs from use in
IETF language tags.=20

> 2) leave them as additional "macrolanguages", giving individual
language
> codes (from 639-3, not any in 639-2) as "extlangs" for each.

Absolutely not!


> Either way, we would need an authoritative list of the individual
> language
> codes each of them *currently* cover (not to be updated in future
> versions,
> for stability, even if would leave the lists as outdated).

That was not done as part of 639-3 because it was out of scope; it might
be in scope for 639-5, however. In the early work on 639-3, when Gary
Simons and I were preparing proposals for ISO, we did our initial
analysis of the relationship between ISO 639-2 and Ethnologue 14th
edition. That included mappings from collections in 639-2 to individual
languages, and that is available here:

http://www.ethnologue.com/14/iso639/analysis.asp#C


> I don't think it would be a good idea to leave them as is. I would
> prefer
> alternative 1 above, but some of them may have been used (despite that
> being a bad idea), in which case alternative 2 may be better.

I think alternative 2 is worse than any existing use of a collective ID.


Peter Constable

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List-UnsuAC decides to treat msa as identical to mly resulting in the
separate entry mly being deleted, then there is no longer an issue with
two entries having otherwise identical reference names.

- If the JAC decides to treat msa as a macrolanguage, then there is
still opportunity for the reference names to be revised, and the problem
might perhaps be avoidable (e.g. by using "Standard Malay" or "Bahasa
Malay" for mly).




> But the IANA LSTR will not the same as 639-3 (for language codes).
> The IANA LSTR will, for stability reasons, continue to contain
> "collective" codes. We could either:
>
> 1) deprecate them ("collective" codes) all and for each of them refer
to
> individual language codes (from 639-3 but not in 639-2), or

I've always been in favour of deprecating collective IDs from use in
IETF language tags.=20

> 2) leave them as additional "macrolanguages", giving individual
language
> codes (from 639-3, not any in 639-2) as "extlangs" for each.

Absolutely not!


> Either way, we would need an authoritative list of the individual
> language
> codes each of them *currently* cover (not to be updated in future
> versions,
> for stability, even if would leave the lists as outdated).

That was not done as part of 639-3 because it was out of scope; it might
be in scope for 639-5, however. In the early work on 639-3, when Gary
Simons and I were preparing proposals for ISO, we did our initial
analysis of the relationship between ISO 639-2 and Ethnologue 14th
edition. That included mappings from collections in 639-2 to individual
languages, and that is available here:

http://www.ethnologue.com/14/iso639/analysis.asp#C


> I don't think it would be a good idea to leave them as is. I would
> prefer
> alternative 1 above, but some of them may have been used (despite that
> being a bad idea), in which case alternative 2 may be better.

I think alternative 2 is worse than any existing use of a collective ID.


Peter Constable

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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From: Randy Presuhn [mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com]=20

> > If there is a discrepancy between the descriptions of ISO 639-2 and
ISO
> > 639-3 then BOTH should be included IMHO.
>
> As a technical contributor, and in the context of the work of the ltru
WG,
> I agree whole-heartedly.  Anything other than what can be extracted
> algorithmicly from the base standards should be debated on a
case-by-case
> basis on the ietf-languages@iana.org list.

IMO, you might just as appropriately have said this in your role as a WG
chair: you're clarifying what is in scope for this WG versus what is in
scope for the ietf-languages list. Probably some of us that participate
in both forget the distinction; I'm sure I do at times.



Peter Constable

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From: Randy Presuhn [mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com]=20

> > If there is a discrepancy between the descriptions of ISO 639-2 and
ISO
> > 639-3 then BOTH should be included IMHO.
>
> As a technical contributor, and in the context of the work of the ltru
WG,
> I agree whole-heartedly.  Anything other than what can be extracted
> algorithmicly from the base standards should be debated on a
case-by-case
> basis on the ietf-languages@iana.org list.

IMO, you might just as appropriately have said this in your role as a WG
chair: you're clarifying what is in scope for this WG versus what is in
scope for the ietf-languages list. Probably some of us that participate
in both forget the distinction; I'm sure I do at times.



Peter Constable

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John Cowan wrote:

> For example, 639-1 (and a fortiori 4646) has "ar", meaning
> simply "Arabic", a term encompassing some 30 distinct
> languages.  Rather than requiring people in search of any
> sort of Arabic to search for 30 distinct tags, or requiring
> matchers to keep a table mapping "ar" to all those tags, we
> instead require taggers specifying (say) Algerian Arabic to
> use "ar-aao" instead of just "aao".  That way, searches for
> "ar" will automatically match.

So far okay.  And are we sure that this info has to be made
explicit in billions of tags instead of once in the registry ?

In many cases the tags don't offer this redundancy.  If I'm
looking for "de" nobody can (based alone on the registry)
automatically guess that I can also read "nds".

The opposite case is certainly irrelevant, I can't read "ar",
let alone "ar-aao".

 [no]
> in the latter case (as well as for Serbo-Croatian), ISO
> 639-1/RA took things out of our hands by creating separate
> code elements.  So people just have to know that "no"
> encompasses "nb" and "nn" and that "sh" encompasses "sr",
> "hr", and "bs".  We want to avoid having to deal with any
> more such tacit knowledge.

Knowledge is good, inconsistent redundancy is another issue.
So far nothing happened, the syntax exists, all new parsers
can handle it.  Last chance to pull a "Suppress-Macrolanguage"
SHOULD in 4646bis (as in SHOULD aao, or SHOULD NOT ar-aao).

Frank



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Randy Presuhn wrote:

>> From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
[...]
>> If there is a discrepancy between the descriptions of ISO
>> 639-2 and ISO 639-3 then BOTH should be included IMHO.
[...]
> I agree whole-heartedly.  Anything other than what can be
> extracted algorithmicly from the base standards should be
> debated on a case-by-case basis on the
> ietf-languages@iana.org list.

+1  And as far as I'm concerned if the sources aren't in an
ideal state the review list should be limited to comments
in the registry, and otherwise accept what it gets.

Apparently there's one minor detail here, Debbie proposes to
take both decriptions if they're different.  My idea was to
stick to (only) 639-2 for any languages it cares to list.

Debbie's plan is probably better, merge the descriptions if
they are different.  If that results in "Church, slavic" +
"Slavic, church" the registry and readers will survive it -
for about 16 conflicts it's no issue, and Peter said that
some discrepancies will be worked out in 639-3.

> We aren't here to editorialize or improve on that data.

+1

> That's a problem for the ietf-languages@iana.org list.

The "description" shouldn't be their territory, it should be
fixed in the sources.  For 4646bis I'd like a statement that
we expect all primary and extlang tags to use a unique
namespace (apparent "dupes" limited to grandfathered tags).

But we cannot guarantee that there's only one non-deprecated
subtag for a given (primary or extlang) description.  With
an example if it exists, maybe "Malay".

Frank



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I have posted my first cut at a new I-D on my website:

   http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
   http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.html

In this version I have incorporated all of the RFC Editor's changes to 
the old draft-registry. I have also inserted text for ISO 639-3, 
although by no mean all such text that we've discussed. I have also 
taken the liberty to remove some material that pertains to the 
transition from 3066 and to modify the text describing the update of the 
registry.

Comments welcome, although I'll probably post this version shortly 
(after creating a diff, running the spellchecker, and other preparatory 
stuff).

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Frank Ellerman wrote:

> John Cowan wrote:
> 
> > For example, 639-1 (and a fortiori 4646) has "ar", meaning simply 
> > "Arabic", a term encompassing some 30 distinct languages.  
> Rather than 
> > requiring people in search of any sort of Arabic to search for 30 
> > distinct tags, or requiring matchers to keep a table 
> mapping "ar" to 
> > all those tags, we instead require taggers specifying (say) 
> Algerian 
> > Arabic to use "ar-aao" instead of just "aao".  That way, 
> searches for 
> > "ar" will automatically match.
> 
> So far okay.  And are we sure that this info has to be made 
> explicit in billions of tags instead of once in the registry ?
> 
> In many cases the tags don't offer this redundancy.  If I'm 
> looking for "de" nobody can (based alone on the registry) 
> automatically guess that I can also read "nds".

This is perhaps where the hierarchical system of ISO 639-6 comes in. Being
able to lookup the parent tag.  As 639-6 is still in development it would be
easy to incorporate ISO 639-1 codes where relevant; in the same way as ISO
639-6 is being used.

Best regards

Debbie



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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> In many cases the tags don't offer this redundancy.  If I'm
> looking for "de" nobody can (based alone on the registry)
> automatically guess that I can also read "nds".

True.  For that matter, it takes no account of the fair-to-usable
mutual intelligibility between the mainland Scandinavian
languages, not to mention thousands of other such situations
worldwide.  (English is unusually isolated in this respect,
except for the related creoles.)

However, the fact that you can read "nds" is a fact about you,
not about everyone who can read "de".

-- 
Even the best of friends cannot                 John Cowan
attend each others' funeral.                    cowan@ccil.org
        --Kehlog Albran, The Profit             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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Addison Phillips wrote:

> after creating a diff

In USEFOR I've recently learned how to do this with any URLs
in five steps.  Take two URLs (1) like:

ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt
http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt

Then add
http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=
before the older URL (2). Add
&url2=
before the 2nd URL (3), and finally add
&difftype=--hwdiff
at the end (4), resulting in one monstrous (here folded) URL:

http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=
ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt&url2=
http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
&difftype=--hwdiff

Check that this works, and then create a tiny URL (5) for it:
http://tinyurl.com/hq367

IETF tools server magic, credits to Henrik.  Other types are
--chbars (only the new text with a change bar in the 1st
column), and --abdiff (like the default side by side diff,
but arranged for narrow browser windows).

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 17:02:26 2006
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I wish there were tools like that for the HTML version, since that is so
vastly easier to read!

Mark


On 9/10/06, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:
>
> Addison Phillips wrote:
>
> > after creating a diff
>
> In USEFOR I've recently learned how to do this with any URLs
> in five steps.  Take two URLs (1) like:
>
> ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt
> http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
>
> Then add
> http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=
> before the older URL (2). Add
> &url2=
> before the 2nd URL (3), and finally add
> &difftype=--hwdiff
> at the end (4), resulting in one monstrous (here folded) URL:
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=
> ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt&url2=
> http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
> &difftype=--hwdiff
>
> Check that this works, and then create a tiny URL (5) for it:
> http://tinyurl.com/hq367
>
> IETF tools server magic, credits to Henrik.  Other types are
> --chbars (only the new text with a change bar in the 1st
> column), and --abdiff (like the default side by side diff,
> but arranged for narrow browser windows).
>
> Frank
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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I wish there were tools like that for the HTML version, since that is so vastly easier to read!<br><br>Mark<br><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/10/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Frank Ellermann</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">
nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Addison Phillips wrote:<br><br>&gt; after creating a diff
<br><br>In USEFOR I've recently learned how to do this with any URLs<br>in five steps.&nbsp;&nbsp;Take two URLs (1) like:<br><br><a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt">ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt</a>
<br><a href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt">http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt</a><br><br>Then add<br><a href="http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=">
http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=</a><br>before the older URL (2). Add<br>&amp;url2=<br>before the 2nd URL (3), and finally add<br>&amp;difftype=--hwdiff<br>at the end (4), resulting in one monstrous (here folded) URL:
<br><br><a href="http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=">http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=</a><br><a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt&amp;url2=">ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt&amp;url2=
</a><br><a href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt">http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt</a><br>&amp;difftype=--hwdiff<br><br>Check that this works, and then create a tiny URL (5) for it:
<br><a href="http://tinyurl.com/hq367">http://tinyurl.com/hq367</a><br><br>IETF tools server magic, credits to Henrik.&nbsp;&nbsp;Other types are<br>--chbars (only the new text with a change bar in the 1st<br>column), and --abdiff (like the default side by side diff,
<br>but arranged for narrow browser windows).<br><br>Frank<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 17:31:17 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] draft ID nearly ready...
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Nice. Some quick notes:

1. You changed "two-character" to drop the hyphen. On the purely stylistic
side, I prefer "two-character codes" over "two character codes" since it
reduces ambiguity, and for consistency we also get "two-character code".

2. Since we know that there will be only one extlang, do we want to change
the following?

>There MAY be up to three extended language subtags.

The disadvantage is that some tags will be well-formed (although invalid) on
past parsers but not this one.

3. I disagree with removing the check on prefixes of variant tags in
*validating* parsers. (Validating parsers have access to the registry --
well-formedness doesn't and shouldn't.)

   o  For variant and extended language subtags, if the registry
      contains one or more 'Prefix' fields for that subtag, check that
the tag matches at least
      one prefix. *'Prefix' field associated with the subtag.*  The
tag matches if
      all the subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  For
      example, the prefix "es-CO" matches the tag "es-Latn-CO-x-private"
      because both the 'es' language subtag and 'CO' region subtag
      appear in the tag.**

=>

   o  For variant subtags, if there are any 'Prefix' fields associated
      with the tag, check that the tag matches at least one of the
*      'Prefix' fields.*  The tag matches if
      all the subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  [fix example]

   o  For extended language subtags, check that the tag matches the
*      'Prefix' field associated with the subtag.*  The tag matches if
      all the subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  [fix example]

I realize that some people (including yourself) want to disallow variants
without prefixes. I don't agree with that. We had left off the ability to
have registered region codes and scripts, because they could be handled via
variants with no Prefix. We should not rush to eliminiate this feature
without thoroughly discussing the consequences. My changes here just
reconcile the issue between validation and registration.

4. Correct the addition of Prefix.

   3.   Values in the field 'Prefix' MAY be added to records of type
        'variant' via the registration process.
=>
   3.   Values in the field 'Prefix' MUST NOT be added to records
        of type 'extlang' or to records of type 'variant'
        that do not have any 'Prefix' values. Values
        MAY be added to records of type 'variant' that already
        have a field of type 'Prefix' via the registration process.


5. Restore the change from U5.0 reference.

   [Unicode]  Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode *Consortium. The Unicode
              Standard, Version 4.1.0, defined by: The Unicode* Standard,
              Version
                  5.0", Boston, *4.0 (Boston,* MA, Addison-Wesley,
2007. *2003.* ISBN 0-321-
                  48091-0.
              *18578-1), as amended by Unicode 4.0.1
              (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1) and by
              Unicode 4.1.0
              (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.1.0).",
              March 2005.*

6. We'll have to fix the following:

        At the time this document was written, there were
        only four such codes: 830 (Channel Islands), 831 (Guernsey), 832
        (Jersey), and 833 (Isle of Man).  This way, UN M.49 codes remain
        available as the value of last resort in cases where ISO 3166
        reassigns a deprecated value in the registry.

**

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Nice. Some quick notes:<br><br>1. You changed &quot;two-character&quot; to drop the hyphen. On the purely stylistic side, I prefer<span> &quot;two-character codes&quot; over &quot;two character codes&quot; since it reduces ambiguity, and for consistency we also get &quot;two-character code&quot;.
<br><br>2. Since we know that there will be only one extlang, do we want to change the following?<br><br>&gt;</span>There MAY be up to three extended language subtags.<br><br>The disadvantage is that some tags will be well-formed (although invalid) on past parsers but not this one.
<br><br>3. I disagree with removing the check on prefixes of variant tags in *validating* parsers. (Validating parsers have access to the registry -- well-formedness doesn't and shouldn't.)<br><br><pre>   o  For <strike><font color="red">
variant and</font></strike> extended language subtags, <strike><font color="red">if the registry<br>      contains one or more 'Prefix' fields for that subtag,</font></strike> check that the tag matches at least<br>      one 
<strike><font color="red">prefix.</font></strike> <strong><font color="green">'Prefix' field associated with the subtag.</font></strong>  The tag matches if<br>      all the subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  For
<br>      example, the prefix &quot;es-CO&quot; matches the tag &quot;es-Latn-CO-x-private&quot;<br>      because both the 'es' language subtag and 'CO' region subtag<br>      appear in the tag.<strong><font color="green">
</font></strong></pre>=&gt;<br><pre>   o  For variant subtags, if there are any 'Prefix' fields associated<br>      with the tag, check that the tag matches <span style="font-family: mon,mon;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">
at least one of the</span></span><span style="font-family: mon;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></span><strong><font color="green"><span style="font-weight: bold;">      </span>'Prefix' fields.</font></strong>
  The tag matches if<br>      all the subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  [fix example]</pre>
<pre>   o  For extended language subtags, check that the tag matches <span style="font-family: mon;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">the<br></span></span><strong><font color="green"><span style="font-weight: bold;">      
</span>'Prefix' field associated with the subtag.</font></strong>  The tag matches if<br>      all the subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  [fix example]<br></pre>I realize that some people (including yourself) want to disallow variants without prefixes. I don't agree with that. We had left off the ability to have registered region codes and scripts, 
<span style="font-weight: bold;">because </span>they could be handled via variants with no Prefix. We should not rush to eliminiate this feature without thoroughly discussing the consequences. My changes here just reconcile the issue between validation and registration.
<br><br>4. Correct the addition of Prefix.<br><pre>   3.   Values in the field 'Prefix' MAY be added to records of type<br>        'variant' via the registration process.<br>=&gt;<br>   3.   Values in the field 'Prefix' MUST NOT be added to records
<br>        of type 'extlang' or to records of type 'variant' <br>        that do not have any 'Prefix' values. Values<br>        MAY be added to records of type 'variant' that already<br>        have a field of type 'Prefix' via the registration process.
<br><br><br>5. Restore the change from U5.0 reference.<br><br>   [Unicode]  Unicode Consortium, &quot;The Unicode <strong><font color="green">Consortium. The Unicode<br>              Standard, Version 4.1.0, defined by: The Unicode
</font></strong> Standard,<br>              Version<br>                  <strike><font color="red">5.0&quot;, Boston,</font></strike> <strong><font color="green">4.0 (Boston,</font></strong> MA, Addison-Wesley, <strike><font color="red">
2007.</font></strike> <strong><font color="green">2003.</font></strong> ISBN 0-321-<br>                  <strike><font color="red">48091-0.</font></strike><br>              <strong><font color="green">18578-1), as amended by Unicode 
4.0.1<br>              (<a href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1">http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1</a>) and by<br>              Unicode 4.1.0<br>              (<a href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.1.0).">
http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.1.0).</a>&quot;,<br>              March 2005.</font></strong><br><br>6. We'll have to fix the following:<br><br>        At the time this document was written, there were<br>        only four such codes: 830 (Channel Islands), 831 (Guernsey), 832
<br>        (Jersey), and 833 (Isle of Man).  This way, UN M.49 codes remain<br>        available as the value of last resort in cases where ISO 3166<br>        reassigns a deprecated value in the registry.<br></pre><strong>
<font color="green"></font></strong>

<br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 21:48:05 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: [Ltru] ISO 639-3 description changes (was: Re: 3066ter encompassed
	languages)
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We have been talking about the descriptions ("reference names") used in 
the current draft tables for ISO 639-3, and how they differ sometimes 
from those used in ISO 639-1 and 639-2 and thus in the Language Subtag 
Registry.

In this post, I will classify the differences into two groups, and argue 
that names in the first group should be added to the Registry, while 
names in the second group should replace the existing descriptions.

Disclaimer:  I know that the currently available 639-3 tables are draft, 
and are subject to change, and that the JAC plans to discuss cases such 
as Malay and possibly assign different names before the standard is 
published.  However, our first draft documents for LTRU 2.0 are due in 3 
weeks and I feel we have to discuss this issue and develop some rules 
now, even if the exact languages involved may change in the future.


Group A:
These are cases where ISO 639-3 assigns a (usually slightly) different 
name from 639-2.  Often it is simply an inverted form of what is already 
there.  In only one case -- "Gaelic (Scots)" -- does the new name 
include a parenthetical comment, and this appears to be explanatory in 
nature rather than necessary to make a distinction.  For these cases, I 
suggest *adding* the 639-3 name as an additional Description field.  I 
don't expect any of these to be controversial.

cu: Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old 
Church Slavonic
639-3 adds: Slavic, Church

frr: Northern Frisian
639-3 adds:  Frisian, Northern

fy: Western Frisian
639-3 adds: Frisian, Western

gd: Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic
639-3 adds: Gaelic (Scots)

ii: Sichuan Yi
639-3 adds: Yi, Sichuan

mh: Marshallese
639-3 adds: Marshall

alt: Southern Altai
639-3 adds: Altai, Southern

dsb: Lower Sorbian
639-3 adds: Sorbian, Lower

frs: Eastern Frisian
639-3 adds: Frisian, Eastern

gsw: Swiss German; Alemanic
639-3 adds: SchwyzerdÃ¼tsch
(which of course would go into the Registry as "Schwyzerd&#xFC;tsch")

hsb: Upper Sorbian
639-3 adds: Sorbian, Upper

nso: Northern Sotho; Pedi; Sepedi
639-3 adds: Sotho, Northern

nwc: Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa
639-3 adds: Newari, Classical

rup: Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian
639-3 adds: Romanian, Macedo

sam: Samaritan Aramaic
639-3 adds: Aramaic, Samaritan

srn: Sranan Tongo
639-3 adds: Sranan


Group B:
These are cases where the ISO 639-3 name is the same as in 639-2, but 
with a parenthetical note added.  This note is always either:

(a) the word "generic", used to distinguish a macrolanguage from a 
specific language indicated by the word "specific", OR

(b) the name of a country, used to distinguish the language from a 
completely different language with the same name, associated with a 
different country.

For these cases, there will be a pair of language subtags with the same 
base name -- for example, "Kamba (Kenya)" and "Kamba (Brazil)".  I 
contend that the presence of both such languages means it would be 
misleading and inappropriate to list simply "Kamba" as the Description 
for one of them, as we currently do for subtag "kam".  Therefore, I 
believe we should *replace* the existing (ISO 639-2-based) Description 
with the reference name from ISO 639-3.

Note that I do *not* consider this tantamount to "editorializing" or 
trying to "improve upon the raw data" in the sense of playing with 
apostrophes.  I believe this is necessary to avoid confusion and 
mistagging.

ms: Malay
639-3 changes this to: Malay (generic)

sw: Swahili
639-3 changes this to: Swahili (generic)

ain: Ainu
639-3 changes this to: Ainu (Japan)

bas: Basa
639-3 changes this to: Basa (Cameroon)

bem: Bemba
639-3 changes this to: Bemba (Zambia)

chm: Mari
639-3 changes this to: Mari (Russia)

doi: Dogri
639-3 changes this to: Dogri (generic)

fan: Fang
639-3 changes this to: Fang (Equatorial Guinea)

gba: Gbaya
639-3 changes this to: Gbaya (Central African Republic)

kam: Kamba
639-3 changes this to: Kamba (Kenya)

kok: Konkani
639-3 changes this to: Konkani (generic)

men: Mende
639-3 changes this to: Mende (Sierra Leone)

war: Waray
639-3 changes this to: Waray (Philippines)


--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 22:00:26 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: 3066ter encompassed languages
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> What if the descriptions are noticeably different between 639-2 and 
>> 639-3?  Where do we draw the line without being arbitrary?
>
> The line is "whatever 639-2 says" for a tag derived from 639-2.

I claim it is more complicated than that, when 639-2 has coded a 
"language" called Malay that 639-3 actually treats as several languages, 
one of which is called Malay and the others of which are called 
something different.

>> Which is better for avoiding confusion with "Waray (Australia)"?
>
> 639-3 <g>.  Propose a rule how to smuggle Waray (Philippines) into the 
> 639-2 entry.  "Comment" is my first idea.  Or "let's see how they sort 
> it out" - Peter said that will be done in time.

I don't like using comments for information that is crucial to choosing 
the right subtag.  Suppose you're looking for the Ainu language spoken 
in China, which is related to Uyghur and has many more speakers than the 
Japanese language of the same name which exists in 639-2.  Should you 
have to look in the comments to find which Ainu is which?

>> I'm in favor of adding the parenthesized country names introduced in 
>> 639-3, when they serve to distinguish two languages with otherwise 
>> identical names.
>
> If it has an obvious pattern we can create a rule for it.

See my previous post.  When 639-3 changes a 639-2 name by adding a 
country name or the word "generic", replace the old Description with the 
new one.  Otherwise, add the new Description to the existing ones. 
That's a rule based on an obvious pattern.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 22:17:59 2006
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> I would not object to a new "discouraged" status intermediate between 
> deprecated and encouraged.

"Deprecated" in RFC 4646 is already a rather gentle form of 
discouragement.  It doesn't seem quite as much of an offense in RFC 4646 
to create a deprecated tag like "iw" as it is in Unicode to use a 
character like U+0340.

Note that Unicode did create a de-facto "strongly discouraged" status 
for the Plane 14 tag characters, slightly below full Deprecated status 
(which is also defined using the words "strongly discouraged").

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 10 22:59:17 2006
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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

> Based on how the last round went, I think the WG's decision to use an 
> internet draft was correct.
>
> I think the WG's decision to publish to send that material through the 
> RFC publication process was also good, inasmuch as it did elicit 
> useful comments, and gave us the requisite paper trail to deal with 
> real or imagined procedural problems.

Fair enough, then.  But I don't want to hear any complaints from others 
that an 800-plus-page I-D is too long or unwieldy, or that writing one 
is an exercise in egotism or self-aggrandizement (I don't remember who 
said that last time).

> I think the final decision to elide the interesting parts was perhaps 
> unfortunate, but also understandable, given the onslaught the IETF has 
> been suffering.

Actually I thought that had been the plan for many months.  We knew the 
real Registry would see many updates and didn't want people to use the 
initial-registry snapshot as a substitute.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> Randy Presuhn scripsit:
>
>>> Having an up-to-date copy of the Registry is something that should 
>>> be encouraged.
>>
>> As a technical contributor, I believe this would be a grave mistake, 
>> unless we *severely* qualify what is meant by "user."  I believe that 
>> vast majority of users have no need whatsoever for language tag 
>> validators.  Normal users should never even see language tags, much 
>> less be creating them.  Language tags used in protocol should be put 
>> there by software as a result of other user choices.  I think the 
>> only folks who should be using tag validators are the developers of 
>> applications which generate language tags.  These are hardly typical 
>> "users".

Put it this way:  The reason the Registry gets updated is to make 
tagging options available that were previously unavailable -- for 
example, "zza" or "GG".  It follows that those options are not available 
except in conjunction a with sufficiently recent version of the 
Registry.

> I don't think it's so simple.  I've been talking with Eric Muller of 
> udhrinunicode.org [note: URL corrected here], who's developing Unicode 
> plain-text versions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in a 
> large variety of languages.  Currently he uses Ethnologue tags, and 
> he's asked me whether a RFC4646bis prototype evaluator is available so 
> he can look into converting to that standard when it becomes 
> available.  (Doug?)

Yes?  Oh.

Well, my tag generator and validator, called LTag (which should be 
announced shortly), works equally well with the existing 4646 Registry 
and with a 4646bis-aware prototype Registry that includes extlangs. 
Obviously it would be ill-advised to release that prototype -- in the 
DLL form that LTag uses, or any other form -- until we've at least had a 
first draft of 4645bis.  Watch the space.

> I think Doug means not that people should be encouraged to pull the 
> LSR dynamically, but rather that programs that encapsulate the state 
> of the LSR (like his Windows version) should be made widely available 
> and updated fairly regularly, monthly or every two months or whatever.

That's what I meant to say, yes.  It's certainly not the case that 
everyone who generates or receives language tags needs to be assured of 
having the latest Registry every time.  It's only important when trying 
to generate or interpret a tag that is not valid in one's own (possibly 
outdated) version.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> For example, 639-1 (and a fortiori 4646) has "ar", meaning simply 
>> "Arabic", a term encompassing some 30 distinct languages.  Rather 
>> than requiring people in search of any sort of Arabic to search for 
>> 30 distinct tags, or requiring matchers to keep a table mapping "ar" 
>> to all those tags, we instead require taggers specifying (say) 
>> Algerian Arabic to use "ar-aao" instead of just "aao".  That way, 
>> searches for "ar" will automatically match.
>
> So far okay.  And are we sure that this info has to be made explicit 
> in billions of tags instead of once in the registry ?

Only in those tags where "Algerian Saharan Spoken Arabic" needs to be 
explicitly noted, where just plain "Arabic" would be insufficient. 
Probably not that many billions.

> Last chance to pull a "Suppress-Macrolanguage" SHOULD in 4646bis (as 
> in SHOULD aao, or SHOULD NOT ar-aao).

Yeah.  That would be a *great* can of worms for us to open.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> In this post, I will classify the differences into two groups, and argue 
> that names in the first group should be added to the Registry, while 
> names in the second group should replace the existing descriptions.

Now that I've seen the data, I agree entirely with Doug's proposals.
Additional name, add it.  Disambiguation, use it instead.  Anything
else will just induce confusion.

-- 
While staying with the Asonu, I met a man from      John Cowan
the Candensian plane, which is very much like       cowan@ccil.org
ours, only more of it consists of Toronto.          http://:www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --Ursula K. Le Guin, Changing Planes

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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> That's a problem for the ietf-languages@iana.org list.
>
> The "description" shouldn't be their territory, it should be fixed in 
> the sources.  For 4646bis I'd like a statement that we expect all 
> primary and extlang tags to use a unique namespace (apparent "dupes" 
> limited to grandfathered tags).

We intentionally made it possible, in Section 3.4, to change the 
description "Upper Volta" to "Burkina Faso" to match changes in usage. 
Probably that one would be implemented by adding the new name and 
keeping the old, though.

> But we cannot guarantee that there's only one non-deprecated subtag 
> for a given (primary or extlang) description.  With an example if it 
> exists, maybe "Malay".

That's why I recommend using the 639-3 names "Malay (generic)" and 
"Malay (specific)" and getting rid of just plain "Malay".

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  â€¢  UTN #14


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Some comments follow.

> 
> 1. You changed "two-character" to drop the hyphen. On the purely stylistic
> side, I prefer "two-character codes" over "two character codes" since it
> reduces ambiguity, and for consistency we also get "two-character code".

Where? I thought I was pretty consistent in *including* the hyphens in 
the new draft.

> 
> 2. Since we know that there will be only one extlang, do we want to change
> the following?
> 
>> There MAY be up to three extended language subtags.

I don't know that we know that yet. So I didn't change it.

I'm also reluctant to remove it, even if, in practice, only one extlang 
can occur. We might include text to reserve additional extlangs for 
future standardization instead.

> 
> 3. I disagree with removing the check on prefixes of variant tags in
> *validating* parsers. (Validating parsers have access to the registry --
> well-formedness doesn't and shouldn't.)

Your proposed changes prevent informative registration of prefixes for a 
variant. A lot of people +1'ed removing the check because it supports 
our (meaning "Mark and Addison's") original idea that this was 
informative information.

With my proposal, "tlh-western" (let's pretend you registered it for a 
second) is as valid as "hy-western", but "hy-western" actually has a 
registered meaning. "tlh-western" is junk... but so are "tld-CO", 
"tlh-Latg", and "tlh-Latn-AQ". Each of those is perfectly "valid", if 
entirely stupid.

I think that removing the prefix check from variant requirements allows 
for both generic variants and the development of additional prefixes 
over time with the least disruption to end users. It is entirely in 
keeping with the IETF's koan "be strict in what you emit and promiscuous 
in what you accept". Since "validation" is usually on the accept 
side........

> 
> I realize that some people (including yourself) want to disallow variants
 > without prefixes.

That would be a mis-reading of my intent. I believe what I did was 
suggest that we not register a subtag without a prefix at present while 
considering problems with validation, etc. I actually do support (in 
general) the idea of generic variants, provided we have a decent 
understanding of them.

> I don't agree with that. We had left off the ability to
> have registered region codes and scripts, because they could be handled via
> variants with no Prefix. We should not rush to eliminiate this feature
> without thoroughly discussing the consequences. My changes here just
> reconcile the issue between validation and registration.

+1, only see below.

> 
> 4. Correct the addition of Prefix.
> 
>   3.   Values in the field 'Prefix' MAY be added to records of type
>        'variant' via the registration process.
> =>
>   3.   Values in the field 'Prefix' MUST NOT be added to records
>        of type 'extlang' or to records of type 'variant'
>        that do not have any 'Prefix' values. Values
>        MAY be added to records of type 'variant' that already
>        have a field of type 'Prefix' via the registration process.

I'm not sure that the text about extlangs is necessary per-se. I think 
it is probably a true requirement, but it may be covered by other 
stability requirements. (I'd support including it for precision, though).

I don't agree with it about variants. By eliminating validation of the 
prefix, we achieve the same effect, while allowing for registration of 
useful informative information (that is, here is a subtag that means 
"western dialect"; with 'hy' it means a particular Armenian dialect--it 
is probably a mistake to use it with a prefix that is unregistered).

Or, to put it another way, I think we're in violent agreement, but I 
like my solution (making all variants somewhat generic, but 
ill-considered with other than a registered prefix) better than yours 
(there is a sharp distinction between generic and non-generic variants) :-).

> 
> 
> 5. Restore the change from U5.0 reference.
> 
>   [Unicode]  Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode *Consortium. The Unicode
>              Standard, Version 4.1.0, defined by: The Unicode* Standard,
>              Version
>                  5.0", Boston, *4.0 (Boston,* MA, Addison-Wesley,
> 2007. *2003.* ISBN 0-321-
>                  48091-0.
>              *18578-1), as amended by Unicode 4.0.1
>              (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1) and by
>              Unicode 4.1.0
>              (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.1.0).",
>              March 2005.*


Argh. I missed that change.

> 
> 6. We'll have to fix the following:
> 
>        At the time this document was written, there were
>        only four such codes: 830 (Channel Islands), 831 (Guernsey), 832
>        (Jersey), and 833 (Isle of Man).  This way, UN M.49 codes remain
>        available as the value of last resort in cases where ISO 3166
>        reassigns a deprecated value in the registry.
> 

Good catch.

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Date: Sun, 10 Sep 2006 21:02:31 -0700
From: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: draft ID nearly ready...
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(laughing) Yeah, I know. Where do you think my TinyURLs have been coming 
from?

It even has the benefit of dynamically updating when I upload a 
corrected copy. On the other hand, I like to read the diff before I 
announce it. Sometimes I find more problems when I do that :-)

Addison

Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Addison Phillips wrote:
> 
>> after creating a diff
> 
> In USEFOR I've recently learned how to do this with any URLs
> in five steps.  Take two URLs (1) like:
> 
> ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt
> http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
> 
> Then add
> http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=
> before the older URL (2). Add
> &url2=
> before the 2nd URL (3), and finally add
> &difftype=--hwdiff
> at the end (4), resulting in one monstrous (here folded) URL:
> 
> http://tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url1=
> ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4646.txt&url2=
> http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
> &difftype=--hwdiff
> 
> Check that this works, and then create a tiny URL (5) for it:
> http://tinyurl.com/hq367
> 
> IETF tools server magic, credits to Henrik.  Other types are
> --chbars (only the new text with a change bar in the 1st
> column), and --abdiff (like the default side by side diff,
> but arranged for narrow browser windows).
> 
> Frank
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 00:15:32 2006
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> Comments welcome, although I'll probably post this version shortly 
> (after creating a diff, running the spellchecker, and other preparatory 
> stuff).

Multiple extlang tags should be allowed in 4646bis, with recursive
interpretation.  The use case is this:  if it turns out that
ar-aao (Algerian Arabic) is really two different languages, say
Northern Algerian Arabic and Southern Algerian Arabic, then
639-3 will assign two new language tags, say xxx and yyy.  For
backward compatibility and ease of matching, then, we register
these as extlang subtags with a Prefix of ar-aao.

The result is the tags ar-aao-xxx and ar-aao-yyy.  Naturally we
hope this won't happen, but we can't rule it out either.
(What happens after two more splits?  We lose.)

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
If he has seen farther than others,
        it is because he is standing on a stack of dwarves.
                --Mike Champion, describing Tim Berners-Lee (adapted)

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 00:21:00 2006
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Disclaimer: I haven't read Addison's new draft yet.

Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> 2. Since we know that there will be only one extlang, do we want to 
> change the following?
>
>>There MAY be up to three extended language subtags.
>
> The disadvantage is that some tags will be well-formed (although 
> invalid) on past parsers but not this one.

-1.  Extlangs are provided only by the Registry anyway, so I see no need 
for this breaking change.

> 6. We'll have to fix the following:
>
>        At the time this document was written, there were only four
>        such codes: 830 (Channel Islands), 831 (Guernsey), 832
>        (Jersey), and 833 (Isle of Man).  This way, UN M.49 codes
>        remain available as the value of last resort in cases where ISO
>        3166 reassigns a deprecated value in the registry.

IMHO, examples like this don't belong in 4646bis at all, only in 
4645bis.  Serbia and Montenegro (two separate countries now) may provide 
us with a new use case.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 01:11:50 2006
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For certain grandfathered tags that have been deprecated in favor of ISO 
639-based tags, we attached a Comments field that indicates the 
ISO-based nature of the Preferred-Value.  (Seems repetitive to me, but 
that's another story.)  Here's an example:

> Type: grandfathered
> Tag: art-lojban
> Description: Lojban
> Added: 2001-11-11
> Preferred-Value: jbo
> Deprecated: 2003-09-02
> Comments: replaced by ISO code jbo

I propose modifying these comments slightly to indicate *which* ISO 
standard begat the replacement tag, like this:

> Comments: replaced by ISO 639-2 code jbo

For consistency, we would then also add this sort of comment to existing 
grandfathered tags that become deprecated by one of the new 639-3-based 
subtags:

> Type: grandfathered
> Tag: zh-xiang
> Description: Xiang or Hunanese
> Added: 1999-12-18
> Preferred-Value: zh-hsn
> Deprecated: xxxx-xx-xx
> Comments: replaced by ISO 639-3 code hsn

Any comments?  So to speak?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> I propose modifying these comments slightly to indicate *which* ISO 
> standard begat the replacement tag, like this:

I don't understand why you think this matters; can you explain?  If we
deprecate something in favor of an individual-language or macrolanguage
code element, it'll be in -3, whether or not it's in -2.  I can't imagine
deprecating something in favor of a language-collection code element.

-- 
Even the best of friends cannot                 John Cowan
attend each others' funeral.                    cowan@ccil.org
        --Kehlog Albran, The Profit             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> (laughing) Yeah, I know. Where do you think my TinyURLs have
> been coming from?

The part with "add &difftype=--hwdiff" was new for me - with my
browser the side-by-side default is precisely the only unusable
format.  That's why I tried to create plain text diffs based on
the unpaginated output for some 4646-drafts.  Complete waste of
time, the &difftype=--hwdiff is fine.

Frank



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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I think that removing the prefix check from variant
> requirements allows for both generic variants and the
> development of additional prefixes over time with the
> least disruption to end users. It is entirely in keeping
> with the IETF's koan "be strict in what you emit and
> promiscuous in what you accept". Since "validation" is
> usually on the accept side........

I thought it's for (among others) online validators like
Unicorn.  If I'd install a validator locally I wouldn't
update the registry daily, because I don't need the most
recent tags worldwide.  If you install it locally you'd
probably try to get the most recent registry.  And you'd
be interested to get warnings for junk like tlh-1996 etc.

> I actually do support (in general) the idea of generic
> variants, provided we have a decent understanding of them.

Extension registry "g".  Mark's example "generic regions"
below the 3166-1 level deserves its own extension registry.

For a pseudo-generic "europeun" listing the prefixes of all
EU languages would be a PITA, but not imposssible.  And IMO
still better than a true generic "europeun".

  [Mark about generic variants]
>> We should not rush to eliminiate this feature without
>> thoroughly discussing the consequences.

Sure, and under RFC 4646 rules the review list is free to
ignore the SHOULD.  As soon as they've done this we can't
twist it into a MUST anymore.  But if they don't use this
loophole we can block it in 4646bis.

> there is a sharp distinction between generic and
> non-generic variants

Yes, and generic can be replaced by extension registries.
Generic region variants would be a can of worms.  I'm free
to send "unsubscribe" to the review list if it hits the
fan, others (probably including you) are not,

Frank



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Mark Davis wrote:
 
> I wish there were tools like that for the HTML version,
> since that is so vastly easier to read!

Probably the W3C has such tools, they can generate "diffs"
based on <del> and <ins>.  Pointless from my POV with an
old browser not supporting these tags, but it should be
what you want.  The two input URLs are the HTML output of
xml2rfc:

http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.html
http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html

The -14 isn't exactly 4646, but you know all minor AUTH48
changes.  The missing step from last draft to final RFC
is a known issue, I hope they'll fix it soon (before 2008).

Maybe Addison has an unofficial post-AUTH48 XML somewhere.
IIRC the SPF folks tried this for 4408 (= retrofitting the
Rfc-editor modifications into the XML source).  Otherwise
you'd need tools to create HTML from nroff, and then the
diff-marked HTML based on these nroff-to-HTML versions.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> names in the first group should be added to the Registry

Okay, my KISS attack "ignore 639-3 if a tag from another
source is already there" turned out to be a bad idea.

> Disclaimer

[x] read

> I contend that the presence of both such languages means it
> would be misleading and inappropriate to list simply "Kamba"
> as the Description for one of them, as we currently do for
> subtag "kam".  Therefore, I believe we should *replace* the
> existing (ISO 639-2-based) Description with the reference
> name from ISO 639-3.

Here I disagree, let 639-2 replace it if necessary.  If you
insist on it we can add a rule in 4646bis allowing the review
list to remove mainly redundant and potentially misleading
descriptions based on 639-2 individually at any time (in the
4645bis "date C" registry or at registration time).

> I do *not* consider this tantamount to "editorializing" or
> trying to "improve upon the raw data"

It's very near to cherry picking, and users looking for the
precise description as published in 639-2 might be confused.
Debbie mentioned use cases where what you propose could
remove identifiers (URNs or similar) somewhere.

Weak analogoy:  I could propose to replace <control> by NAK
in column 2 of u+0015.  Highly desirable from my POV, but
the Unicode folks would eat me alive, it breaks applications
expecting <control> in column 2.

Frank



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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> I propose modifying these comments slightly to indicate *which* ISO 
>> standard begat the replacement tag, like this:
>
> I don't understand why you think this matters; can you explain?  If we 
> deprecate something in favor of an individual-language or 
> macrolanguage code element, it'll be in -3, whether or not it's in -2. 
> I can't imagine deprecating something in favor of a 
> language-collection code element.

"ISO code xx" just seems hopelessly vague to me.  I'm perfectly willing 
to back down on this.

I'd really rather do away with the self-evident comments anyway, but I 
understand other list member like to err on the side of more comments 
rather than fewer, and in any case this is much less repetitive and 
awful than the "hy-western" comments we considered earlier.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> I don't like using comments for information that is crucial
> to choosing the right subtag.

They're as good or bad as the "description" for this purpose.
The source is different, "comment" is added by the review list,
no "comment" if the ISO "description" is good enough.

> Should you have to look in the comments to find which Ainu
> is which?

As soon as I find out that there are more Ainu than the one
I've heard of before (which happens to be the JP Ainu) I better
check what's going on.  We've to add instructions for human
readers trying to figure out a subtag for a given type and
description anyway - they better use a list sorted by type
and description (or only description).  A paragraph with one
simple example, nothing extraordinary.

 [proposed rule]
> When 639-3 changes a 639-2 name by adding a country name or
> the word "generic", replace the old Description with the
> new one.

Slightly messy, because the registered 639-2 tag apparently
isn't what 639-3 considers as "generic".  As a tag it has the
semantics of their "specific" code.  Which isn't the registered
tag.  Now that's confusing as soon as you try to talk about it.

While "Malay is Malay (unless you want Ambonese etc.)" should
be clear for readers not interested in these subtleties.  

> Otherwise, add the new Description to the existing ones.
> That's a rule based on an obvious pattern.

Yes, but I don't like its outcome.  Can we do this without the
"otherwise" qualifier, simply add it always as is ?  For the
few cases you found we don't need optimizations and convoluted
special rules.

Frank



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I believe the wdiff feature is new: I learned about it during AUTH48 of 
4646. If it isn't new, it wasn't formerly documented on the rfcdiff home 
page.

Addison

Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Addison Phillips wrote:
>  
>> (laughing) Yeah, I know. Where do you think my TinyURLs have
>> been coming from?
> 
> The part with "add &difftype=--hwdiff" was new for me - with my
> browser the side-by-side default is precisely the only unusable
> format.  That's why I tried to create plain text diffs based on
> the unpaginated output for some 4646-drafts.  Complete waste of
> time, the &difftype=--hwdiff is fine.
> 
> Frank
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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At 01:18 06/09/08, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

>Imagine that a process receives uk-Latb-UA. It is well-formed but not
>valid (typo in the script). I presumed that the sender of this tag
>would prefer to receive a message "Invalid language tag (subtag Latb
>is not registered)" rather than "No document found". Don't you agree?

Yes, but this looks like purely a quality of service issue.
It would be a bad idea to require a protocol to do this.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 12:11:50 2006
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To: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>, <ltru@ietf.org>
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+1 from me too, for the record.    Martin.

At 15:59 06/09/08, Peter Constable wrote:
>> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
>
>
>> I'd like to propose a deviation from the proposed rules for languages
>> encompassed by a macrolanguage...
>
>> Just wanted to get that on record.
>
>+1 (I've had this assumption in the back of my mind all along, but it did 
>need to be stated explicitly at some point.)
>
>
>
>Peter Constable



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 12:11:57 2006
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To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Comments that refer to "ISO codes"
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Do codes sometimes move from 639-3 to 639-2? In that case, it would
mean we have to update the comment, which looks like unnecessary
work to me.

Regards,     Martin.

At 14:09 06/09/11, Doug Ewell wrote:
>For certain grandfathered tags that have been deprecated in favor of ISO 639-based tags, we attached a Comments field that indicates the ISO-based nature of the Preferred-Value.  (Seems repetitive to me, but that's another story.)  Here's an example:
>
>> Type: grandfathered
>> Tag: art-lojban
>> Description: Lojban
>> Added: 2001-11-11
>> Preferred-Value: jbo
>> Deprecated: 2003-09-02
>> Comments: replaced by ISO code jbo
>
>I propose modifying these comments slightly to indicate *which* ISO standard begat the replacement tag, like this:
>
>> Comments: replaced by ISO 639-2 code jbo
>
>For consistency, we would then also add this sort of comment to existing grandfathered tags that become deprecated by one of the new 639-3-based subtags:
>
>> Type: grandfathered
>> Tag: zh-xiang
>> Description: Xiang or Hunanese
>> Added: 1999-12-18
>> Preferred-Value: zh-hsn
>> Deprecated: xxxx-xx-xx
>> Comments: replaced by ISO 639-3 code hsn
>
>Any comments?  So to speak?
>
>--
>Doug Ewell
>Fullerton, California, USA
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 12:14:45 2006
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From: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
To: 'Doug Ewell' <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Fw: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
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Hi,

My two cents - any 800-page I-D is BAD - publishing
one is tantamount to saying "don't bother to pay any
attention to the output of this WG".

Squashing the registry format (which may change again
in the RFC464xbis era, perhaps?) into an I-D is an
exercise that diverts attention from the content of
the prototype registry and issues with that content.

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net]
> Sent: Sunday, September 10, 2006 10:59 PM
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Fw: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
>=20
>=20
> Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:
>=20
> > Based on how the last round went, I think the WG's decision=20
> to use an=20
> > internet draft was correct.
> >
> > I think the WG's decision to publish to send that material=20
> through the=20
> > RFC publication process was also good, inasmuch as it did elicit=20
> > useful comments, and gave us the requisite paper trail to deal with =

> > real or imagined procedural problems.
>=20
> Fair enough, then.  But I don't want to hear any complaints=20
> from others=20
> that an 800-plus-page I-D is too long or unwieldy, or that=20
> writing one=20
> is an exercise in egotism or self-aggrandizement (I don't=20
> remember who=20
> said that last time).
>=20
> > I think the final decision to elide the interesting parts=20
> was perhaps=20
> > unfortunate, but also understandable, given the onslaught=20
> the IETF has=20
> > been suffering.
>=20
> Actually I thought that had been the plan for many months. =20
> We knew the=20
> real Registry would see many updates and didn't want people=20
> to use the=20
> initial-registry snapshot as a substitute.
>=20
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  =E2=80=A2  UTN #14
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>=20

--=20
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Comments that refer to "ISO codes"
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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> Do codes sometimes move from 639-3 to 639-2? In that case, it would
> mean we have to update the comment, which looks like unnecessary
> work to me.

Codes will be sometimes *copied* from 639-3 to 639-2, but no *moves*
will take place.  639-2 will become a selection of the most widely useful
code elements from 639-3 and the future 639-5 (language collections)

Nevertheless I agree that adding this information as a comment isn't very
useful.

-- 
There is / One art                      John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
No more / No less                       http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
To do / All things
With art- / Lessness                     -- Piet Hein

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Date: Mon, 11 Sep 2006 10:39:23 -0700
From: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Up-to-date copies of the LSR
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John Cowan wrote:
> 
> I think Doug means not that people should be encouraged to pull the
> LSR dynamically, but rather that programs that encapsulate the state of
> the LSR (like his Windows version) should be made widely available and
> updated fairly regularly, monthly or every two months or whatever.
> 

On the other hand, during a presentation to the W3C last week, they 
pointed out that a large part of the load on their servers was the 
(usually pointless) dynamic downloading of DTDs. We should at least 
consider automated methods in which a server can verify that its copy of 
the registry is the latest that do not involve pulling the whole file.

One way to do this, for example, would be a changelog format:

File-Date: 2006-09-11
%%
(some record)
%%
(another record)
%%
File-Date: 2006-09-07
%%
(yet another record)
...


Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Hi -

An important message from the IETF chair...

> From: "IETF Chair" <chair@ietf.org>
> To: "IETF Announcement list" <ietf-announce@ietf.org>
> Sent: Monday, September 11, 2006 7:27 AM
> Subject: Email with attached legal disclaimers 
>
> Sometimes people send IETF email with attached legal disclaimers,
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> One way to do this, for example, would be a changelog format:

That will certainly work, but I can think of two simpler approaches, both
of which can be used concurrently, that strike me as just about as good:

1) Provide the File-Date of the current registry as a separate resource
with its own URI as well as in the current registry resource.  Then you
can pull the little resource and only pull the big one if warranted.

2) If you are writing a client that does dynamic pulls, use the HTTP
If-Modified-Since: header to avoid pulling unchanged versions.

-- 
John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Today an interactive brochure website, tomorrow a global content
management system that leverages collective synergy to drive "outside of
the box" thinking and formulate key objectives into a win-win game plan
with a quality-driven approach that focuses on empowering key players
to drive-up their core competencies and increase expectations with an
all-around initiative to drive up the bottom-line. --Alex Papadimoulis

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> One way to do this, for example, would be a changelog format

Another is sending a HEAD request to the IANA server, answer:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Mon, 11 Sep 2006 17:56:21 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.27 (Unix)  (Red-Hat/Linux)
Last-Modified: Tue, 29 Aug 2006 21:44:40 GMT
ETag: "101fb7-141dc-44f4b548"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 82396
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/plain



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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------020308070902060903090709
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed
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Dear Editor,

Please find attached draft-00, approved by Randy Presuhn, co-chair of 
the LTRU Working Group, of draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis.

Best Regards,

Addison (for the editors)

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 14:38:24 2006
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All,

I just submitted draft-00 to the I-D editor.

My home page is up-to-date, although I need to do some clean up. The 
HTML wdiff can be found by using this link:

    http://tinyurl.com/qtmag

Changes:

1. The RFC Editor and AUTH48 changes for RFC 4646 have been incorped.

2. I added references to ISO 639-3.

3. I added rules for adding language and extlang tags to Section 3.4 
(this was done this morning). I'm not married to these, but tried to 
incorporate extlangs according to discussion to date, as well as a 
special case for sign languages.

4. I removed text pertaining to the conversion from 3066 unless it was 
necessary for document understanding.

5. I changed the section discussing registry conversion rules 
substantially. In particular, I tried to remove all conversion rules and 
merely cited the new draft-initial, whatever that is, as the place to 
find these. I purposely avoided defining how the registry gets updated. 
Note that the reference to "4645bis" is not correct (of course).

6. I changed 'variant' validation along the lines I previously proposed, 
although I recognize that this is not a resolved issue.

7. I cut down the acknowledgments list. I will add names as I 
incorporate textual suggestions.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 17:31:33 2006
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> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]


> That will certainly work, but I can think of two simpler approaches,
both
> of which can be used concurrently, that strike me as just about as
good:
>=20
> 1) Provide the File-Date of the current registry as a separate
resource
> with its own URI as well as in the current registry resource.  Then
you
> can pull the little resource and only pull the big one if warranted.
>=20
> 2) If you are writing a client that does dynamic pulls, use the HTTP
> If-Modified-Since: header to avoid pulling unchanged versions.

What about providing delta files that can be used to patch a local copy
of the LSR to incorporate changes made during some period, perhaps with
new deltas provided on a regular (e.g. quarterly) basis?



Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 17:55:42 2006
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Peter Constable scripsit:

> What about providing delta files that can be used to patch a local copy
> of the LSR to incorporate changes made during some period, perhaps with
> new deltas provided on a regular (e.g. quarterly) basis?

That was Addison's original suggestion; I was suggesting a compromise
measure that just warns you when you need not pull.  Frank's suggestion
of using the HTTP HEAD method works too.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
The penguin geeks is happy / As under the waves they lark
The closed-source geeks ain't happy / They sad cause they in the dark
But geeks in the dark is lucky / They in for a worser treat
One day when the Borg go belly-up / Guess who wind up on the street.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 11 18:18:52 2006
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 >
 > That was Addison's original suggestion; I was suggesting a compromise
 > measure that just warns you when you need not pull.  Frank's suggestion
 > of using the HTTP HEAD method works too.
 >

Documenting HEAD is a good idea, even if we were to do something else.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> http://tinyurl.com/qtmag

Thanks, I just read it top down, some mostly minor points:  

---
(2.2.8)
| Those that would not be well-formed according to the ABNF
| in this document or that contain subtags that do not
| individually appear in the registry are maintained in the
| registry in record of the "grandfathered" type.

s/record/records/.  Maybe s/Those that/Other tags which/ plus
s/or that contain/or contain/.  When I first read 2.2.8 I
hallucinated "Those tags" instead of "Those that", continuing
the statement about "redundant".  You could also split 2.2.8
in two paragraphs, the second paragraph about "grandfathered".

---
2.2.9:  Right, that's the validation issue.  Maybe we find a
better example than es-Latn-CO-x-private for 4646bis.  If the
rules are changed as you want it the old example is complete
overkill - and it's also unrelated to prefixes for variants.
   
--- 
3.1:  Nit, why do we define a field-body in the ABNF, and later
use field-value in the prose ?  

Apparently s/field-value/field-body/g is okay (there could be
cases with multi-line bodies where a distinction is necessary,
but not for 4646bis)

---
3.1, near "The field 'Deprecated' MAY" etc.:  Please check why
your spell-checker proposed to add a comma after "Usually" and
after "In some historical cases".  Apparently it also likes a
serial comma (?)

---
3.1, "'Suppress-Script' MUST only appear in records whose
'Type' field-value is 'language'".  Do we want to keep this as
is, or allow Suppress-Script for extlang records ?  If we keep
it as is, are tags with extlang subtags supposed to inherit the
Suppress-Script of the primary tag (if any) ?

---
3.3 s/[initial-registry]/[RFC 4645] and [4645bis]/ (?)  Please
strike the part about art-lobjan, it confuses me - especially
where you talk about a hypothetical variant lobjan eligible
for registration.

---
Omigod, now I get it, are all those comma and s/which/that/
modifications Rfc-editor changes ?  They should post a manual
of style (or its URL).

---
3.4.3
| If a prefix is added to a record that does not contain the
| same primary language subtag as an existing prefix, one
| 'Comment' field per prefix SHOULD be added to record
| explaining the different usages.

Proposal (simplification):
: If a prefix is added to a 'Variant' record, 'Comment' fields
: SHOULD explain different usages per primary language subtag.

It's only relevant for variants, and the SHOULD is only for
different languages.  Not if somebody adds say de-BE to 1996.

---
3.4.9  In essence that says "once an extlang-monster always an
extlang-monster".  IMO it should be allowed to deprecate the
convoluted extlang-monsters in favour of new 639-1 or 639-2
codes as soon as they are available.  This would also affect a
MUST NOT in the "Preferred-Value" chapter, so that's a major
point (but still compatible with 4646).

---
3.4.10  Same here.  Let's get rid of extlang-monsters a.s.a.p.

The MUST NOT about 'Preferred-Value' is anyway dubious:  If a
script "Flat" is deprecated recommending to use "Altn", then
why should the registry not say so (in addition to noting this
deprecation) ?

---
3.4.12:  Related, replacing an extlang foo by a language foo
is a good idea where possible, not a MUST NOT.  The MUST NOT
affects an unrelated foo (without replacing the extlang foo),
and the opposite attempt, adding a new extlang foo where an
ordinary language tag foo already exists (related or not).

---
3.5
Remove "reserved for future standardization. These subtags
will be" (that results in ...subtags are REQUIRED...)

| Note: The purpose of the "Description" in the registration
| is to aid to people
s/"Description"/"Reference"/ (this is unrelated to the field)
s/to aid to/to aid/

---
3.6
| The addition or maintenance of fields (generally of an
| informational nature) in Tag or Subtag records as described
| in Section 3.1 and subject to the stability provisions in
| Section 3.4.

This sentence no verb, s/as/is/ (?)

---
3.8 s/IANA SHALL/IANA is asked to/.  Same procedure as last
year, I don't like 2119-keywords while talking to IANA... :-)
---
5.1:  Same here.

I had completely forgotten how *_long_* this text actually is.

Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Fw: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag Registry
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McDonald, Ira <imcdonald at sharplabs dot com> wrote:

> My two cents - any 800-page I-D is BAD - publishing one is tantamount 
> to saying "don't bother to pay any attention to the output of this 
> WG".
>
> Squashing the registry format (which may change again in the 
> RFC464xbis era, perhaps?) into an I-D is an exercise that diverts 
> attention from the content of the prototype registry and issues with 
> that content.

Well, we'd better decide this pretty soon since it's one of our 
deliverables, and I'm supposed to submit a first draft within the next 
20 days.

As long as Ira mentions the "format" -- we're also chartered to discuss 
possible "adjustments to... the form of the registry."  Has anyone had 
any thoughts about that?  Any news about the supposed plan to move all 
IANA registries to XML?  Now is probably the best time to talk about 
this.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Thanks for the first substantial read-through. Comments follow.

Frank Ellermann wrote:
>  
> ---
> (2.2.8)
> | Those that would not be well-formed according to the ABNF
> | in this document or that contain subtags that do not
> | individually appear in the registry are maintained in the
> | registry in record of the "grandfathered" type.
> 
> s/record/records/. 

Good catch. Done.

  Maybe s/Those that/Other tags which/ plus
> s/or that contain/or contain/.  

I made the first one "Of those tags, those that..." which makes the 
second one "Those tags that..."


When I first read 2.2.8 I
> hallucinated "Those tags" instead of "Those that", continuing
> the statement about "redundant".  You could also split 2.2.8
> in two paragraphs, the second paragraph about "grandfathered".

I made the split. The rewrite above addresses weaknesses in both our eyes.

> 
> ---
> 2.2.9:  Right, that's the validation issue.  Maybe we find a
> better example than es-Latn-CO-x-private for 4646bis.  If the
> rules are changed as you want it the old example is complete
> overkill - and it's also unrelated to prefixes for variants.

It could be a prefix for a variant. It is overkill, but it does 
illustrate the point completely. The main question is: validate prefixes 
or not?

>    
> --- 
> 3.1:  Nit, why do we define a field-body in the ABNF, and later
> use field-value in the prose ?  
> 
> Apparently s/field-value/field-body/g is okay (there could be
> cases with multi-line bodies where a distinction is necessary,
> but not for 4646bis)

Yuck. How did *that* slip by? Performed s/field-value/field-body/g

> 
> ---
> 3.1, near "The field 'Deprecated' MAY" etc.:  Please check why
> your spell-checker proposed to add a comma after "Usually" and
> after "In some historical cases".  Apparently it also likes a
> serial comma (?)

Heh heh heh. It's the insidious comma disease of the RFC Editor. It is 
correct, so it's here. They also like serial comma (I usually do too, 
but Harald didn't appear to) and have an allergy to colons (full and 
semi). The "which/that" mistakes are my fault entirely.

> 
> ---
> 3.1, "'Suppress-Script' MUST only appear in records whose
> 'Type' field-value is 'language'".  Do we want to keep this as
> is, or allow Suppress-Script for extlang records ?  If we keep
> it as is, are tags with extlang subtags supposed to inherit the
> Suppress-Script of the primary tag (if any) ?

I kept this as is out of a certain kind of parsimony. The question is 
whether there is ever a case where 'xx' is written in more than one 
script but 'xx-yyy' or 'xx-yyy-zzz' is written customarily in one 
script---and we need to call it out.

I think the answer is no, since Suppress-Script is a kludge for 
*existing* tag compatibility. Since there are no existing extlangs, they 
don't need the kludge :-).

> 
> ---
> 3.3 s/[initial-registry]/[RFC 4645] and [4645bis]/ (?)  Please
> strike the part about art-lobjan, it confuses me - especially
> where you talk about a hypothetical variant lobjan eligible
> for registration.

I need to fix the 4645/4645bis references.

I always thought the 'art-lojban' example referred to the first part of 
the sentence. It would be better to cite something like '-scouse' 
(although John Cowan is trying to exterminate our example!!).

> 
> ---
> Omigod, now I get it, are all those comma and s/which/that/
> modifications Rfc-editor changes ?  They should post a manual
> of style (or its URL).

Bwah-ha-ha-ha. Yep.

> 
> ---
> 3.4.3
> | If a prefix is added to a record that does not contain the
> | same primary language subtag as an existing prefix, one
> | 'Comment' field per prefix SHOULD be added to record
> | explaining the different usages.
> 
> Proposal (simplification):
> : If a prefix is added to a 'Variant' record, 'Comment' fields
> : SHOULD explain different usages per primary language subtag.
> 
> It's only relevant for variants, and the SHOULD is only for
> different languages.  Not if somebody adds say de-BE to 1996.

:: shudder :: my text is impenetrable, no? I don't understand why you 
wouldn't want an explanation for longer prefixes though... especially 
for a mere recommendation.

How about (very subtly different from yours):

--
If a prefix is added to a variant record, Comment' fields SHOULD be used 
to explain different usages with the various prefixes.
--

> 
> ---
> 3.4.9  In essence that says "once an extlang-monster always an
> extlang-monster".  

Yes. I'm following the idea that "one a canonical tag/always the 
canonical tag".

> IMO it should be allowed to deprecate the
> convoluted extlang-monsters in favour of new 639-1 or 639-2
> codes as soon as they are available.  This would also affect a
> MUST NOT in the "Preferred-Value" chapter, so that's a major
> point (but still compatible with 4646).

The problem is that ISO 639-2 might find a few tags that are "promoted" 
from ISO 639-3. If we have 'yue' enclosed by 'zh' today, we don't want 
to have "zh", "zh-yue" and "yue" being used interchangeably (as 
prefixes). Among other things, that breaks matching in particularly 
uncomfortable ways.

> 
> ---
> 3.4.10  Same here.  Let's get rid of extlang-monsters a.s.a.p.

The only way I see to do that is to prohibit them ex post facto.

> 
> The MUST NOT about 'Preferred-Value' is anyway dubious:  If a
> script "Flat" is deprecated recommending to use "Altn", then
> why should the registry not say so (in addition to noting this
> deprecation) ?

I'd be willing to consider deprecation of codes "best forgotten as 
mistakes". But not for recycling codes as various kinds of subtag. 
That's messy.

> 
> ---
> 3.4.12:  Related, replacing an extlang foo by a language foo
> is a good idea where possible, not a MUST NOT.  The MUST NOT
> affects an unrelated foo (without replacing the extlang foo),
> and the opposite attempt, adding a new extlang foo where an
> ordinary language tag foo already exists (related or not).

Except 'foo' is not unrelated. Since 639-2 and 639-3 share a code space, 
'foo' MUST have the same meaning in both. What this says is: you won't 
find "Foo-ese" with two different tag forms. It's xx-foo or it's foo. 
Period.

We can and should debate this point.

> 
> ---
> 3.5
> Remove "reserved for future standardization. These subtags
> will be" (that results in ...subtags are REQUIRED...)

Good catch. I put:

--
<t>Extended language subtags MUST include exactly one 'Prefix' field.</t>
--

> 
> | Note: The purpose of the "Description" in the registration
> | is to aid to people
> s/"Description"/"Reference"/ (this is unrelated to the field)
> s/to aid to/to aid/

I made the sentence:

--
Note: The purpose of the "Reference to published description" section in the
registration form is to aid in verifying whether a language is 
registered or what language or
language variation a particular
subtag refers to.
--

> 
> ---
> 3.6
> | The addition or maintenance of fields (generally of an
> | informational nature) in Tag or Subtag records as described
> | in Section 3.1 and subject to the stability provisions in
> | Section 3.4.
> 
> This sentence no verb, s/as/is/ (?)

It's the formatting that's confusing here. Each bullet item dangles from 
the trailing "includes:" above the list.

> 
> ---
> 3.8 s/IANA SHALL/IANA is asked to/.  Same procedure as last
> year, I don't like 2119-keywords while talking to IANA... :-)

Oddly, this is what we did last time. Still, making "SHALL" into "will" 
was easy enough.

> ---
> 5.1:  Same here.

Cleansed.

> 
> I had completely forgotten how *_long_* this text actually is.

And it lost several pages during this edit!!

Thanks again,

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> As soon as I find out that there are more Ainu than the one I've heard 
> of before (which happens to be the JP Ainu) I better check what's 
> going on.

The only ethnic group called Ainu that I'm aware of is the indigenous 
Japanese group, but there are two languages called Ainu, one spoken in 
Japan (and Russia) and the other in China.  Ethnologue says there are 15 
speakers of Ainu (Japan) and 6,570 speakers of Ainu (China).  For 
whatever that's worth.

>> When 639-3 changes a 639-2 name by adding a country name or the word 
>> "generic", replace the old Description with the new one.
>
> Slightly messy, because the registered 639-2 tag apparently isn't what 
> 639-3 considers as "generic".  As a tag it has the semantics of their 
> "specific" code.  Which isn't the registered tag.  Now that's 
> confusing as soon as you try to talk about it.

It does have the "generic" semantic, because 639-2 doesn't differentiate 
between (for example) "generic" Malay and "specific" Malay.

> While "Malay is Malay (unless you want Ambonese etc.)" should be clear 
> for readers not interested in these subtleties.

Actually "Malay, Ambonese" isn't one of the languages subsumed under the 
"Malay (generic)" macrolanguage.  There are, however, 13 other "Malay" 
languages that are so subsumed, so your "unless" clause might get pretty 
long.

>> Otherwise, add the new Description to the existing ones.  That's a 
>> rule based on an obvious pattern.
>
> Yes, but I don't like its outcome.

That wasn't part of the deal. :-)

> Can we do this without the "otherwise" qualifier, simply add it always 
> as is ?  For the few cases you found we don't need optimizations and 
> convoluted special rules.

I thought you were the one who asked for a rule.

OK, everyone: If we do what Frank wants, we will have:

    Type: language
    Subtag: ms
    Description: Malay
    Description: Malay (generic)
    Added: 2005-10-16
    Suppress-Script: Latn
    ...
    Type: extlang
    Subtag: mly
    Description: Malay (specific)
    Added: xxxx-xx-xx
    Prefix: ms

and also:

    Type: language
    Subtag: aib
    Description: Ainu (China)
    Added: xxxx-xx-xx
    ...
    Type: language
    Subtag: ain
    Description: Ainu
    Description: Ainu (Japan)
    Added: 2005-10-16

Is that what the group wants?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 12 01:44:47 2006
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> Do codes sometimes move from 639-3 to 639-2? In that case, it would 
> mean we have to update the comment, which looks like unnecessary work 
> to me.

No, they're all part of the same code space.

I retract this suggestion.  It's not that big a deal.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> 3.4.10  Same here.  Let's get rid of extlang-monsters a.s.a.p.

Please, group, let us decide NOW, once and for all, whether we are going 
to have extlangs or not.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 12 02:36:42 2006
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Addison Phillips wrote:

>> ---
>> 2.2.9:  Right, that's the validation issue.  Maybe we find a
>> better example than es-Latn-CO-x-private for 4646bis.  If
>> the rules are changed as you want it the old example is
>> complete overkill - and it's also unrelated to prefixes for
>> variants.

> It could be a prefix for a variant. It is overkill, but it
> does illustrate the point completely.

If we drop variant-validation let's better use a simple extlang
example.  And if we keep it let's use an example relevant for a
variant and get rid of the -x-private part.

> The main question is: validate prefixes or not?

If we replace SHOULD by MUST elsewhere (eliminating generic
variants) validating the prefixes is in theory possible.  Like
it's possible to validate extlang prefixes (with an obsolete
copy of the registry it can fail).  I'm not sure about this.

---
> They also like serial comma (I usually do too,
Me too, mainly because it's the only English comma rule I know.

>> ---
>> 3.1, "'Suppress-Script' MUST only appear in records whose
>> 'Type' field-value is 'language'".  Do we want to keep this
>> as is, or allow Suppress-Script for extlang records ?  If we
>> keep it as is, are tags with extlang subtags supposed to
>> inherit the Suppress-Script of the primary tag (if any) ?

> I kept this as is out of a certain kind of parsimony. The
> question is whether there is ever a case where 'xx' is
> written in more than one script but 'xx-yyy' or 'xx-yyy-zzz'
> is written customarily in one script---and we need to call
> it out.

> I think the answer is no, since Suppress-Script is a kludge
> for *existing* tag compatibility. Since there are no existing
> extlangs, they don't need the kludge :-).

Plausible.  And if 'xx' has a Suppress-Script, does this affect
'xx-yyy' ?  Somewhere you have "add guidlines here" as an open
question, that could be a point.

---
>> 3.3 s/[initial-registry]/[RFC 4645] and [4645bis]/ (?)
[...]
> I need to fix the 4645/4645bis references.

In 3.3 you apparently need both.

> I always thought the 'art-lojban' example referred to the
> first part of the sentence. It would be better to cite
> something like '-scouse' (although John Cowan is trying to
> exterminate our example!!).

If it's gone we can't use it.  For art-lobjan the language has
now its own ordinary tag, therefore registering lobjan as a
variant for that language (prefix) makes no sense.  It could be
used for an unrelated dialect of another language.  I thought
that's the point of this example.  What's the real point, in
what sense is lobjan "eligible to be registered" ?

---
> I don't understand why you wouldn't want an explanation for
> longer prefixes though...

If it's interesting I want it.  But that's no general SHOULD,

> How about (very subtly different from yours):
> --
> If a prefix is added to a variant record, Comment' fields
> SHOULD be used to explain different usages with the various
> prefixes.
> --

Okay, now "different usages" is better visible, and the SHOULD
won't justify to add "de-BE is used for German in BE" comments.

---
> The problem is that ISO 639-2 might find a few tags that are
> "promoted" from ISO 639-3. If we have 'yue' enclosed by 'zh'
> today, we don't want to have "zh", "zh-yue" and "yue" being
> used interchangeably (as prefixes). Among other things, that
> breaks matching in particularly uncomfortable ways.

On the other hand yue is shorter than zh-yue, and we mention
"shortest" in another chapter.  A strategy like "take 639-1,
if that fails take 639-2 (plus details), and if it still fails
take 639-3 (as extlang if necessary)" is simple.  Adding steps
"and verify if it's registered" wasn't necessary for 3066/4646.

---
 [MUST NOT Preferred-Value]
> I'd be willing to consider deprecation of codes "best
> forgotten as mistakes". But not for recycling codes

Yes, cases like iw, where the registry offers he.  The MUST NOT
apparently says "this must never happen again", and that's IMO
too optimistic for a zoo with several thousands new 639-3 tags.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> we're also chartered to discuss possible "adjustments to...
> the form of the registry."  Has anyone had any thoughts about
> that?

Yes, keep it as is, it's good enough.

> Any news about the supposed plan to move all IANA registries
> to XML?

Was that on a Joint-W3C-Unicode-making-fun-of-the-IETF list ?
The worst I've seen were proposals to use CharMapML, so far
nobody supported that.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 12 02:49:39 2006
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I've been working through the ISO 639-3 code elements for sign 
languages, converting them into extlang subtags and correlating them 
with the existing "sgn-XX" redundant tags, and have run into a problem.

As I understand it, the plan is to deprecate the "sgn-XX" tags in favor 
of the new "sgn-xxx" language-extlang combinations, meaning that we 
would give "sgn-XX" a Preferred-Value of "sgn-xxx".  (Remember that the 
Preferred-Value for a tag must be a tag, not a subtag.)  However, 
according to Section 3.1 we cannot do this:

    The field 'Preferred-Value' MUST NOT be modified once created in the
    registry.  The field MAY be added to records of type "grandfathered"
    and "region" according to the rules in Section 3.3.  Otherwise the
    field MUST NOT be added to any record already in the registry.

I don't know why we allowed grandfathered tags to be assigned a 
Preferred-Value at a later date, but did not allow the same for 
redundant tags.

As a reminder, these 'sgn-XX" tags are the only redundant tags that were 
*already* redundant at the time they were registered under RFC 3066. 
The others contained script subtags, or some other components which were 
not allowable RFC 3066 subtags.

We seem to have three options (using American Sign Language as our 
example):

1.  Change the wording in Section 3.1 to allow redundant tags to be 
assigned a Preferred-Value.  This way, "sgn-US" could be deprecated and 
assigned a Preferred-Value of "sgn-ase".  The disadvantage is that there 
might have been a perfectly good reason for disallowing this in the 
first place.

2,  Do not change the wording, and add "ase" as a deprecated-as-birth 
extlang subtag.  We cannot assign it a Preferred-Value of "sgn-US" as we 
might like, since the P-V for any subtag must be a subtag of the same 
type.  This would mean two tagging possibilities for the same 
Description, one of which would be deprecated but would not point to the 
other.

3.  Do not change the wording, and do not add "ase" at all.  The 
disadvantage of this is that coding for sign languages becomes 
haphazard; American Sign Language would be "sgn-US" but Cuban Sign 
Language would be "sgn-csf".  We would have to justify which 639-3 sign 
languages are added on the basis of which redundant tags exist.

Three guesses which solution I prefer.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> Let's get rid of extlang-monsters a.s.a.p.

> Please, group, let us decide NOW, once and for all, whether
> we are going to have extlangs or not.

The comment above was about a case xy-uvw, where uvw is later
added to 639-2.  Addison's draft says "keep xy-uvw and ignore
uvw" (first come, first served).  I proposed "add uvw as new
language tag, deprecate extlang uvw with Preferred-Value uvw"
(shortest 639 tag wins).

Frank



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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> ... Therefore, I believe we should *replace* the existing (ISO 
>> 639-2-based) Description with the reference name from ISO 639-3.
>
> Here I disagree, let 639-2 replace it if necessary.  If you insist on 
> it we can add a rule in 4646bis allowing the review list to remove 
> mainly redundant and potentially misleading descriptions based on 
> 639-2 individually at any time (in the 4645bis "date C" registry or at 
> registration time).

I'd like to hear some additional voices on this.  I know Debbie agrees 
with you.  As always, I'm willing to be overruled if there is a group 
consensus.

> It's very near to cherry picking, and users looking for the precise 
> description as published in 639-2 might be confused. Debbie mentioned 
> use cases where what you propose could remove identifiers (URNs or 
> similar) somewhere.

I don't know what to do about this, or whether anyone is actually 
planning to correlate the Description fields precisely to the ISO 
standards.  I know the ISO standards aren't correlated precisely to each 
other, or we wouldn't be having this discussion.

> Weak analogoy:  I could propose to replace <control> by NAK in column 
> 2 of u+0015.  Highly desirable from my POV, but the Unicode folks 
> would eat me alive, it breaks applications expecting <control> in 
> column 2.


The Unicode policy that the name of a character must never change (not 
merely its identity) has caused a lot of grief when a name turns out to 
be wrong, misleading, or even misspelled.  Section 3.1 only says the 
Description is "a non-normative description of the subtag or tag."  I 
worry that we will sacrifice clarity and usability to make the names, in 
essence, normative.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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On Mon, Sep 11, 2006 at 09:23:59PM -0700,
 Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote 
 a message of 32 lines which said:

> As long as Ira mentions the "format" -- we're also chartered to
> discuss possible "adjustments to... the form of the registry."  Has
> anyone had any thoughts about that?

Before writing my parser, I preferred an XML format. Now that I have
written a parser to the registry, I hesitate to continue to support a
change which would destroy my work :-)

> Any news about the supposed plan to move all IANA registries to XML?

No idea. Do you mind if I ping the IANA about that?


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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> Before writing my parser, I preferred an XML format. Now that I have 
> written a parser to the registry, I hesitate to continue to support a 
> change which would destroy my work :-)

I'd have to change my program that converts the Registry into a DLL. 
That would be a fair amount of work, and I'm not looking forward to it, 
but we want whatever is best for the Registry and language tagging.

>> Any news about the supposed plan to move all IANA registries to XML?
>
> No idea. Do you mind if I ping the IANA about that?

That would be an excellent idea.  Thanks in advance.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:
> 
> I don't know why we allowed grandfathered tags to be assigned a 
> Preferred-Value at a later date, but did not allow the same for 
> redundant tags.

Because redundant tags are, well, redundant. That is, "sgn-BE" will 
still be both "well-formed" and "valid" regardless of what we do with 
extlangs. In fact, it expresses an entirely different value than 
"sgn-bvs" does. One is "Belgian Sign Language", a specific language. The 
other is "sign language(s) as used in Belgium".

> 
> 2,  Do not change the wording, and add "ase" as a deprecated-as-birth 
> extlang subtag.  We cannot assign it a Preferred-Value of "sgn-US" as we 
> might like, since the P-V for any subtag must be a subtag of the same 
> type.  This would mean two tagging possibilities for the same 
> Description, one of which would be deprecated but would not point to the 
> other.

We will have to decide about this particular point.

> 
> 3.  Do not change the wording, and do not add "ase" at all.  The 
> disadvantage of this is that coding for sign languages becomes 
> haphazard; American Sign Language would be "sgn-US" but Cuban Sign 
> Language would be "sgn-csf".  We would have to justify which 639-3 sign 
> languages are added on the basis of which redundant tags exist.

I don't know about "justification". We have here a problem with a 
registered tag "arriving first". However... I do note that we have an 
out for the registered-but-outmoded stuff. We can change the Description 
field to reflect the more generic meaning (remember: *broadening* of 
meaning is allowed!).

Thus:

Tag: sgn-US
Description: Sign Language as used in the USA
Comments: originally registered for ASL. "sgn-ase" is recommended
   for that meaning.

Addison
-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Frank Ellermann wrote:
> 
> 
> The comment above was about a case xy-uvw, where uvw is later
> added to 639-2.  Addison's draft says "keep xy-uvw and ignore
> uvw" (first come, first served).  I proposed "add uvw as new
> language tag, deprecate extlang uvw with Preferred-Value uvw"
> (shortest 639 tag wins).
> 

The question in my mind is whether the ISO 639-2 designation causes the 
language to actually escape from its collective or macro-language. My 
guess is that it does not.

In particular, I note that ISO 639-2 serves folks like librarians. At 
some point in time, all of the ISO 639-3 codes could escape from "639-3 
gaol" for use in libraries. This won't have any effect at all on the 
language itself or our understanding of the language. It's just that 
639-2 is a narrower profile than 639-3.

Another point: I believe that assigning code 'uvw' in ISO 639-2 will NOT 
cause it to be removed from the ranks of the 639-3 codes.

What Frank proposes would invalidate tags and implementations in the 
field and require newer implementations to map 'xyz-uvw' => 'uvw' during 
matching. I think this is a Bad Thing.

I do support Frank in wanting the fewest extlangs possible. The rules as 
I've currently written them will most likely create quite extensive 
lists of them. It might be nice if we could cherry-pick somehow (that 
is, have mostly language subtags with very few extlangs), but any rules 
we would invent for that would be entirely arbitrary.

The only non-arbitrary rule I can think of is: we only introduce 
"enclosing" languages for those that are already registered as such. 
That is:

"zh"
"sgn"

Everything else is a language.

Thoughts?

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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>> we're also chartered to discuss possible "adjustments to...
>> the form of the registry."  Has anyone had any thoughts about
>> that?
> 
> Yes, keep it as is, it's good enough.

+1

> 
>> Any news about the supposed plan to move all IANA registries
>> to XML?
> 
> Was that on a Joint-W3C-Unicode-making-fun-of-the-IETF list ?
> 

(laughing) I don't think such a thing has happened, but talking to 
colleagues in one or another forum has certainly produces ample 
opportunity for eye rolling at our choice of record-jar (at least I can 
hide behind John Cowan when the topic is raised).

However... that battle is *over* and we should not revisit it. The only 
change I would willingly support to the registry would be one declaring 
that it uses UTF-8 as an encoding (so we can deprecate use of the NCR 
format). No doubt IANA's servers can emit:

   Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I can hide behind John Cowan when the topic is raised

I also like the format, it's awk-friendly.  If you post
an updated draft record-jar-01 with the 4646 reference
I could create a LTRU-to-XML awk script as an exercise.

> The only change I would willingly support to the 
> registry would be one declaring that it uses UTF-8 as
> an encoding

Hm... :-(  That would be an advantage for XML, I could
change the encoding to say Latin-1 using NCRs for the
rest.  

With plain text it's too easy to get such modifications
wrong, or forget what the state of a modified file is.

> No doubt IANA's servers can emit:
>    Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8

Sure.  With a mandatory signature it wouldn't annoy me
too much, but I need to convert it for my legacy tools.

Frank



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the Language Tag Registry Update Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Tags for Identifying Languages
	Author(s)	: A. Phillips, M. Davis
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt
	Pages		: 60
	Date		: 2006-9-12
	
   This document describes the structure, content, construction, and
   semantics of language tags for use in cases where it is desirable to
   indicate the language used in an information object.  It also
   describes how to register values for use in language tags and the
   creation of user-defined extensions for private interchange.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 12 16:04:21 2006
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Frank Ellermann wrote:
> 
> I also like the format, it's awk-friendly.  If you post
> an updated draft record-jar-01 with the 4646 reference
> I could create a LTRU-to-XML awk script as an exercise.

Yep. Actually, since record-jar-00 isn't submitted, when I get a few 
minutes I intend to clean it up and submit it as an individual submission.
> 
>> The only change I would willingly support to the 
>> registry would be one declaring that it uses UTF-8 as
>> an encoding
> 
> Hm... :-(  That would be an advantage for XML, I could
> change the encoding to say Latin-1 using NCRs for the
> rest.  
> 
> With plain text it's too easy to get such modifications
> wrong, or forget what the state of a modified file is.

Changing the encoding might break one or two implementations that expect 
ASCII-with-markup, but UTF-8 is far superior to markup, in my (biased, 
Unicadette) opinion, since it makes the file plain text in a well-known, 
well-declared, highly-desirable encoding.

Actually, the hard part would be sending non-ASCII-bearing registrations 
to IANA. To ensure that the right code points are used, we might have to 
send them ASCII-with-NCRs and have IANA unescape those when constructing 
the file.

Hmm... perhaps we should leave well enough alone.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips wrote:

> record-jar-00 isn't submitted

Oops, I found a -00pre at your site then.

> UTF-8 is far superior to markup, in my (biased, Unicadette)
> opinion, since it makes the file plain text in a well-known,
> well-declared, highly-desirable encoding.

Yes.  Not the maximal Latin-1 compatibility IFF you're willing
to spend up to 7 octets.  But apparently the optimal encoding
for maximal ASCII compatibility.

> Actually, the hard part would be sending non-ASCII-bearing
> registrations to IANA. To ensure that the right code points
> are used, we might have to send them ASCII-with-NCRs and
> have IANA unescape those when constructing the file.

MIME allows to send UTF-8, that's not really hard.  If IANA
uses some obscure auto-conversions to windows-1252 they could
(1) please disable this, or (2) get it as attachement.  While
you love Unicode for me MIME is the best standard I know.  It
has a few dark corners, but in practice and for simple tasks
like send "modification / insert request to IANA" it's fine.  
 
> perhaps we should leave well enough alone.

Yes, for other reasons like not annoying folks who implemented
4646 validators (probably there are many more than only Doug,
Stephane, and you).

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 12 23:05:42 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Can't add a Preferred-Value to a redundant tag
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>> I don't know why we allowed grandfathered tags to be assigned a 
>> Preferred-Value at a later date, but did not allow the same for 
>> redundant tags.
>
> Because redundant tags are, well, redundant. That is, "sgn-BE" will 
> still be both "well-formed" and "valid" regardless of what we do with 
> extlangs.  In fact, it expresses an entirely different value than 
> "sgn-bvs" does. One is "Belgian Sign Language", a specific language. 
> The other is "sign language(s) as used in Belgium".

That was my objection all along to this scheme.

>> ... This would mean two tagging possibilities for the same 
>> Description, one of which would be deprecated but would not point to 
>> the other.
>
> We will have to decide about this particular point.

I'd really prefer not to have any more deprecated-at-birth subtags than 
absolutely necessary.

> However... I do note that we have an out for the 
> registered-but-outmoded stuff. We can change the Description field to 
> reflect the more generic meaning (remember: *broadening* of meaning is 
> allowed!).
>
> Thus:
>
> Tag: sgn-US
> Description: Sign Language as used in the USA
> Comments: originally registered for ASL. "sgn-ase" is recommended
>   for that meaning.

I can live with that, notably because it doesn't require the Comments 
field to contain critical, normative information.  I'd suggest spelling 
out "ASL" since we would be doing this for several entries:

Comments: originally registered for American Sign Language; use
  "sgn-ase" instead

Overall, though, if you can get the Reviewer to buy off on this 
approach, I am fine with it.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 00:05:59 2006
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> I do support Frank in wanting the fewest extlangs possible. The rules 
> as I've currently written them will most likely create quite extensive 
> lists of them.

I count 478 extlangs (including 124 sign languages) along with 7,195 
primary languages.  Put another way, there will tentatively be 15 times 
as many primary language subtags as extlangs.

The 478 extlangs have 53 different Prefix values, an average of 9 
possible extlangs per macrolanguage.  Obviously this is skewed by the 
sign languages.

> It might be nice if we could cherry-pick somehow (that is, have mostly 
> language subtags with very few extlangs), but any rules we would 
> invent for that would be entirely arbitrary.

Cherry-picking = bad.  Arbitrary = bad.  Not only is this bad in and of 
itself, it could also cause us problems during IETF Last Call and on 
appeals.

> The only non-arbitrary rule I can think of is: we only introduce 
> "enclosing" languages for those that are already registered as such. 
> That is:
>
> "zh"
> "sgn"
>
> Everything else is a language.

This is much too arbitrary.  Don't do it.

> Thoughts?

Yes, I have a thought.  We need to stop inventing things and then 
immediately declaring them Bad and Deprecated and To Be Avoided. 
Unicode has established a pattern of that for years, with CGJ and Plane 
14 tag characters and annotation characters and the Private Use Area, 
and it doesn't necessarily present the best image of stability and 
thoughtful design.

Here in LTRU we have invented the concept of extended language subtags, 
allowed up to three of them at a time in the syntax, and now we are 
trying to find ways to minimize or eliminate them.  We went out of our 
way to specify that the Description field was non-normative (among many 
other caveats in Section 3.1) and now we can't even change them for fear 
of breaking some unknown process that might rely on their stability.  We 
need to start embracing our own inventions, or else taking a more 
careful look before inventing.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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Peter Constable scripsit:

> I don't particularly care for having the same description show up in
> two different entries for things that have different meanings.

+1

-- 
Why are well-meaning Westerners so concerned that   John Cowan
the opening of a Colonel Sanders in Beijing means   cowan@ccil.org
the end of Chinese culture? [...]  We have had      http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Chinese restaurants in America for over a century,
and it hasn't made us Chinese.  On the contrary,
we obliged the Chinese to invent chop suey.            --Marshall Sahlins

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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> Because redundant tags are, well, redundant. That is, "sgn-BE" will 
> still be both "well-formed" and "valid" regardless of what we do with 
> extlangs. In fact, it expresses an entirely different value than 
> "sgn-bvs" does. One is "Belgian Sign Language", a specific language. The 
> other is "sign language(s) as used in Belgium".

Actually, it doesn't.  If you go back to RFC 3066, it specifically allows
ietf-languages to register tags like "sgn-BE" that look compositional
but don't mean what they say.  Paragraph 2 of section 3:

   This procedure MAY also be used to register information with the IANA
   about a tag defined by this document, for instance if one wishes to
   make publicly available a reference to the definition for a language
   such as sgn-US (American Sign Language).

So RFC 3066 and its registry between them explicitly say that sgn-US does
not mean "sign languages spoken in the US", but the specific language
called "American Sign Language" (which, BTW, is also used in Canada and
perhaps elsewhere).  Due to grandfathering, this is still true under
RFC 4646.

Since "sgn-US" does not have compositional meaning, by deprecating it
in favor of "sgn-ase" we free it up to mean what it appears to mean.

> Tag: sgn-US
> Description: Sign Language as used in the USA
> Comments: originally registered for ASL. "sgn-ase" is recommended
>   for that meaning.

That's as much as to say the original meaning is deprecated.  So
let's say so openly, and supply the new tag for that meaning using
the mechanism designed for that, namely Preferred-Value.

-- 
John Cowan    <cowan@ccil.org>     http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
But no living man am I!  You look upon a woman.  Eowyn I am, Eomund's daughter.
You stand between me and my lord and kin.  Begone, if you be not deathless.
For living or dark undead, I will smite you if you touch him.

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extlangs or not?
Date: Tue, 12 Sep 2006 21:08:48 -0700
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To: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extlangs or not?
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> The only non-arbitrary rule I can think of is: we only introduce 
> "enclosing" languages for those that are already registered as such. 
> That is:
> 
> "zh"
> "sgn"
> 
> Everything else is a language.

That rule is very arbitrary; it arbitrarily says that due to an accident
of history you can use "zh" to mean "any kind of Chinese" but you cannot
use "my" for "any kind of Malay", although the facts on the ground are
exactly parallel.  Instead, to deal reliably with Malay you must be
aware of a whole bunch of syntactically unrelated tags.

-- 
Only do what only you can do.               John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
  --Edsger W. Dijkstra's advice
    to a student in search of a thesis

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 01:06:49 2006
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> Btw, if you've had a chance to read the FDIS, you'll see that 
> "(generic)" and "(specific)" are no longer the distinguishing 
> qualifiers that are going to be used. Rather, the individual language 
> has no added qualifier, and "(macrolanguage)" gets added to the 
> macrolanguage. So, it would be "Malay" and "Malay (macrolanguage)".

I had not seen this.  You may need to remind me of the URL where the 
document can be found.

I dearly wish the downloadable tables 
(http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/download.asp) would be updated to reflect 
the changes you have described.

>> OK, everyone: If we do what Frank wants, we will have:
>>
>>    Type: language
>>    Subtag: ms
>>    Description: Malay
>>    Description: Malay (generic)
>
> I don't see a need for that duplication; and given that what we'd end 
> up with per the change I mentioned above is
>
>    Type: language
>    Subtag: ms
>    Description: Malay
>    Description: Malay (macrolanguage)
>    Added: 2005-10-16
>    Suppress-Script: Latn
>    ...
>    Type: extlang
>    Subtag: mly
>    Description: Malay
>    Added: xxxx-xx-xx
>    Prefix: ms
>
> I don't particularly care for having the same description show up in 
> two different entries for things that have different meanings.

+1.  Actually, this makes the confusion even worse if we have to keep 
the 639-2 name, because now there will be TWO subtags called simply 
"Malay" without qualification.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Can't add a Preferred-Value to a redundant tag
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> 1.  Change the wording in Section 3.1 to allow redundant tags to be 
> assigned a Preferred-Value.  This way, "sgn-US" could be deprecated and 
> assigned a Preferred-Value of "sgn-ase".  The disadvantage is that there 
> might have been a perfectly good reason for disallowing this in the 
> first place.

+1

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Big as a house, much bigger than a house, it looked to [Sam], a grey-clad
moving hill.  Fear and wonder, maybe, enlarged him in the hobbit's eyes,
but the Mumak of Harad was indeed a beast of vast bulk, and the like of him
does not walk now in Middle-earth; his kin that live still in latter days are
but memories of his girth and his majesty.  --"Of Herbs and Stewed Rabbit"

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To: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: diffs, changes, etc.
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> Heh heh heh. It's the insidious comma disease of the RFC Editor. It is 
> correct, so it's here. They also like serial comma (I usually do too, 
> but Harald didn't appear to) and have an allergy to colons (full and 
> semi). The "which/that" mistakes are my fault entirely.

Leaving out serial commas can cause dreadful ambiguities:

	I dedicate this thesis to my parents, Ayn Rand[,] and God.

Putting them in can never hurt.

But as for the supposed which/that rule, it does not exist except
in the fantasies of "usage" book authors who copy it from their
predecessors.  See:

http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000918.html
http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/%7Emyl/languagelog/archives/001464.html
http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/001467.html
http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/%7Emyl/languagelog/archives/002189.html
http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002205.html

and many others.

-- 
John Cowan   cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Original line from The Warrior's Apprentice by Lois McMaster Bujold:
"Only on Barrayar would pulling a loaded needler start a stampede toward one."
English-to-Russian-to-English mangling thereof: "Only on Barrayar you risk to
lose support instead of finding it when you threat with the charged weapon."

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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> Tag: sgn-US
>> Description: Sign Language as used in the USA
>> Comments: originally registered for ASL. "sgn-ase" is
>>   recommended for that meaning.
>
> That's as much as to say the original meaning is deprecated.  So let's 
> say so openly, and supply the new tag for that meaning using the 
> mechanism designed for that, namely Preferred-Value.

To clarify: I greatly prefer this solution, whereby if we want to 
recommend one tagging solution over another, we use the Deprecated and 
Preferred-Value fields invented for that purpose.  But if this is 
unacceptable to Addison and others for some reason, I can live with the 
Comments approach.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 09:21:44 2006
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> I don't know why anybody has a problem with extlangs. I don't expect a 
> lot of extlangs will occur in the wild: they can only exist in cases 
> like zh and ar where the majority of content by far will use the 
> macrolanguage ID and nothing more because the macrolanguage ID is 
> already widely used. Keep in mind the whole point of the notion of 
> macrolanguages: the collective gets referred to in existing 
> applications as though its one language while gauged by other measures 
> its multiple languages. We ought to want a matching relationship to 
> exist in these cases; extlangs give us that with no additional 
> machinery.

+1

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 09:51:21 2006
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	encompassed languages)
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I wrote:

>> I don't particularly care for having the same description show up in 
>> two different entries for things that have different meanings.
>
> +1.  Actually, this makes the confusion even worse if we have to keep 
> the 639-2 name, because now there will be TWO subtags called simply 
> "Malay" without qualification.

I've been reminded hat we have lots of examples of this already.  We 
have pairs of language and script subtags called Arabic and Gujarati and 
Mongolian and Thai, pairs of language and region subtags called Tokelau 
and Tuvalu, etc.

I think when the two subtags in question are a primary language subtag 
and an extended language subtag, there is a much greater potential for 
users to use the wrong one, and/or to come away with the impression that 
LTRU made an elementary mistake by assigning two subtags to "the same 
language."

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 10:17:38 2006
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Dear All,

A newbie question. What should the tag for English in IPA be?

I realise that there are probably two choices for this: a new script IPA
or a subscript of Latn. My only thought is that any language may be
written using IPA so if a subscript tag must be registered for each
language, that's a lot of registration. Apart from that I'm easy either
way, I would just like to know what to use.

TIA,
Martin Hosken

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 10:37:23 2006
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From: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
To: 'Doug Ewell' <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Format of the registry (Was: RFC 4645 on Initial L
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Hi,

I think the main reason Record Jar (modified) was chosen
over XML for the registry format was because XML source
is a pretty terrible format for non-experts to review in
an I-D.

The other reason may have been misunderstanding of best
practices in XML (e.g., using attributes which can't be 
multivalued versus using elements can be multivalued).

Is IANA moving towards XML for IANA registries?  I've seen 
comments to this effect on several IETF WG mailing lists.

XML lets us use things much more powerful than XML Schema
(like Relax NG and Schematron) to enforce consistency.

Record Jar is not going to replace XML as the language
du jour for database-like applications.

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net]
> Sent: Tuesday, September 12, 2006 10:04 AM
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Format of the registry (Was: RFC 4645 on Initial
> Language Subtag Registry
> 
> 
> Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:
> 
> > Before writing my parser, I preferred an XML format. Now 
> that I have 
> > written a parser to the registry, I hesitate to continue to 
> support a 
> > change which would destroy my work :-)
> 
> I'd have to change my program that converts the Registry into a DLL. 
> That would be a fair amount of work, and I'm not looking 
> forward to it, 
> but we want whatever is best for the Registry and language tagging.
> 
> >> Any news about the supposed plan to move all IANA 
> registries to XML?
> >
> > No idea. Do you mind if I ping the IANA about that?
> 
> That would be an excellent idea.  Thanks in advance.
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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Martin Hosken scripsit:

> I realise that there are probably two choices for this: a new script IPA
> or a subscript of Latn. My only thought is that any language may be
> written using IPA so if a subscript tag must be registered for each
> language, that's a lot of registration. Apart from that I'm easy either
> way, I would just like to know what to use.

This is part of the general problem of transliteration/transcription,
which is not (yet) handled by the RFC 4646 framework.  The best permanent
answer is probably to create a -t-xxxx standardized extension to
4646, as provided for, and to create a registration authority to
register and maintain codes for different transliterations.

No one has hitherto stepped forward to become the registration authority,
however.

Until then, the best solution is probably to keep the transliteration
separate from the RFC 4646 language tag, or else to use -x-something
as a private-use transliteration subtag.

-- 
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From: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
To: 'Doug Ewell' <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Can't add a Preferred-Value to a redundant tag
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+1

Deprecated and Preferred-Value fields certainly should
carry more weight than Comments fields.

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net]
> Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 9:20 AM
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Can't add a Preferred-Value to a redundant tag
> 
> 
> John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
> 
> >> Tag: sgn-US
> >> Description: Sign Language as used in the USA
> >> Comments: originally registered for ASL. "sgn-ase" is
> >>   recommended for that meaning.
> >
> > That's as much as to say the original meaning is 
> deprecated.  So let's 
> > say so openly, and supply the new tag for that meaning using the 
> > mechanism designed for that, namely Preferred-Value.
> 
> To clarify: I greatly prefer this solution, whereby if we want to 
> recommend one tagging solution over another, we use the 
> Deprecated and 
> Preferred-Value fields invented for that purpose.  But if this is 
> unacceptable to Addison and others for some reason, I can 
> live with the 
> Comments approach.
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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John Cowan wrote:

 [3066 sgn-US]
> Due to grandfathering, this is still true under RFC 4646.

Okay, we got it as syntactically "redundant", but in fact
it's semantically "grandfathered".  We should say so in a
new "sgn" paragraph of the section explaining "redundant"
vs. "grandfathered".

> That's as much as to say the original meaning is deprecated.
> So let's say so openly, and supply the new tag for that
> meaning using the mechanism designed for that, namely
> Preferred-Value.

+1.  Some options:

1: Reclassify sgn-XX as exceptionally "grandfathered".
2: Modify the "MUST NOT add Preferred-Value" rule for this
   special case wannabe-redundant sgn-XX.
3: Modify the "MUST NOT add Preferred-Value" rule for any
   deprecation triggered by the source standards.

I'd like option 3 and a note about sgn-XX in the "redundant"
vs. "grandfathered" section.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> You may need to remind me of the URL where the document can
> be found.

If it's "internal" the I* could appoint you as LTRU-liaison
to "whatever it takes to get read access".  Pointless if that
puts you under non-disclosure rules.

> this makes the confusion even worse if we have to keep
> the 639-2 name, because now there will be TWO subtags called
> simply "Malay" without qualification.

If one is type extlang and the other type language it's not
too bad - we have some identical descriptions with different
types.

For the "find a simple rule" project:  If an old description
matches the begin of a new description, only the (longer) new
description is registered.

Needs some tuning, it's not necessarily a question of "old"
vs. "new".  Let's keep the inversions, please.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 11:37:55 2006
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This is a preliminary run-through.

In 2.2, it would be better to use a valid tag rather than "fr-Latn-CA";
'fr' has a Suppress-Script of Latn.

In the last paragraph, let's use "i-default" rather than "i-enochian",
as the latter may eventually become deprecated.

2.2.1 item 2: for "maintenance agengies [sic]" read "registration
authorities".  The ISO 639 parts and ISO 15924 have registration
authorities, because those groups decide what does and does not go in
the standard.  ISO 3166 has a maintenance agency, because it chooses
the subtags but doesn't decide what goes on the list and what doesn't.
There are other instances of this problem going back to RFC 1766.

2.2.1: For "It is not expected that future assignments of this nature
will occur" read "It is expected that future assignments of this nature
will not occur."  I think we can safely assume that now.

At the end of 2.2.1 there are two consecutive "For example" grafs,
the first of which is semantically subordinate to the graf beginning
"Note: To avoid problems with [...]" but the second is parallel to it.
Change the second "For example" to "Note:" also.

2.2.2 is severely broken, not surprisingly.  I'll address this separately.

2.2.4: change the first appearance of "region" to "multi-country
region" for clarity, and add a sentence to the first graf something like
"Language varieties specific to regions within countries and territories
are represented by variant subtags."

2.2.4 item 5: for "as when" read "as when it is not known or"

2.2.9, final bullet point: for "at least one" read "the"; an extlang
subtag MUST have exactly one prefix.

3.1 is excessively long and should be separated into pieces.

3.1: for "MAY appear more than one time" read "MAY appear more than once".

3.3: missing spaces before references, leading to "inSection 3.6" and
"of[RFC 4646]" in the HTML version.  This problem may be more widespread.

3.4, item 17: The exception is misstated: it's not enough that all
the subtags in a grandfathered tag are valid, they also have to be in
well-formed order.  Change to "should a grandfathered tag become equal
to a valid tag composed of subtags in the IANA registry" or similar.
We can't leave out "composed of subtags" because a grandfathered tag
is a valid tag by definition.

3.5 last graf: "Description" is ambiguous; it might be taken as referring
to the Description: field in the registration form.  Change to "Reference
to published description of the language".

3.6 first bullet: for "maintenance or registration" read "registration";
see above.  Same story for "maintenance agency" and "agency" in the text
just before the addresses for 639 (should this now be 639-1? I don't
know), 639-2, and 639-3.  3166 and 15924 are correct.

4.1 item 2: for "which script subtags do not add" read "script subtags
that do not add".

-- 
A mosquito cried out in his pain,               John Cowan
"A chemist has poisoned my brain!"              http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        The cause of his sorrow                 cowan@ccil.org
        Was para-dichloro-
Diphenyltrichloroethane.                                (aka DDT)

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Doug Ewell wrote:
> 
>>> I don't know why we allowed grandfathered tags to be assigned a 
>>> Preferred-Value at a later date, but did not allow the same for 
>>> redundant tags.
>>
>> Because redundant tags are, well, redundant. That is, "sgn-BE" will 
>> still be both "well-formed" and "valid" regardless of what we do with 
>> extlangs.  In fact, it expresses an entirely different value than 
>> "sgn-bvs" does. One is "Belgian Sign Language", a specific language. 
>> The other is "sign language(s) as used in Belgium".
> 
> That was my objection all along to this scheme.

John points out that these tags have meanings defined by the 3066 
registration process, which is true. I don't have a problem with 
deprecating the tags and it is probably best to include said deprecation 
in the registry so that users will migrate to the new tags. However... 
it *does* mean that we'll be breaking our own precedent and 
(potentially) breaking someone's tags.

> 
>>> ... This would mean two tagging possibilities for the same 
>>> Description, one of which would be deprecated but would not point to 
>>> the other.
>>
>> We will have to decide about this particular point.
> 
> I'd really prefer not to have any more deprecated-at-birth subtags than 
> absolutely necessary.

+1


-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Frank Ellermann wrote:
> 
>> That's as much as to say the original meaning is deprecated.
>> So let's say so openly, and supply the new tag for that
>> meaning using the mechanism designed for that, namely
>> Preferred-Value.
> 
> +1.  

+1

> Some options:
> 
> 1: Reclassify sgn-XX as exceptionally "grandfathered".
> 2: Modify the "MUST NOT add Preferred-Value" rule for this
>    special case wannabe-redundant sgn-XX.
> 3: Modify the "MUST NOT add Preferred-Value" rule for any
>    deprecation triggered by the source standards.
> 
> I'd like option 3 and a note about sgn-XX in the "redundant"
> vs. "grandfathered" section.
> 

I don't like (1). I'd prefer (3).
-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 12:01:12 2006
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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Can't add a Preferred-Value to a redundant tag
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We already put a mechanism in place for this -- semantic widening.

sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which is
a widening of ASL. To perform that action, actually just dropping from
the registry would work. Every tag that was well-formed and valid
beforehand is also afterwards; and the semantic is broadened. I'd have
to read the rules again to see if that is permitted, however.

Mark

On 9/13/06, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
> Doug Ewell wrote:
> >
> >>> I don't know why we allowed grandfathered tags to be assigned a
> >>> Preferred-Value at a later date, but did not allow the same for
> >>> redundant tags.
> >>
> >> Because redundant tags are, well, redundant. That is, "sgn-BE" will
> >> still be both "well-formed" and "valid" regardless of what we do with
> >> extlangs.  In fact, it expresses an entirely different value than
> >> "sgn-bvs" does. One is "Belgian Sign Language", a specific language.
> >> The other is "sign language(s) as used in Belgium".
> >
> > That was my objection all along to this scheme.
>
> John points out that these tags have meanings defined by the 3066
> registration process, which is true. I don't have a problem with
> deprecating the tags and it is probably best to include said deprecation
> in the registry so that users will migrate to the new tags. However...
> it *does* mean that we'll be breaking our own precedent and
> (potentially) breaking someone's tags.
>
> >
> >>> ... This would mean two tagging possibilities for the same
> >>> Description, one of which would be deprecated but would not point to
> >>> the other.
> >>
> >> We will have to decide about this particular point.
> >
> > I'd really prefer not to have any more deprecated-at-birth subtags than
> > absolutely necessary.
>
> +1
>
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 12:12:18 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Can't add a Preferred-Value to a redundant tag
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Mark Davis scripsit:

> sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which is
> a widening of ASL. 

Well, but does it then exclude documents (videos, e.g.) that are
Canadian in origin?

> To perform that action, actually just dropping from
> the registry would work. 

If we were going to drop redundant tags from the registry, we would
have avoided putting them in there in the first place.  The point about
"sgn-US" is that it's syntactically redundant but semantically grandfathered.
It is not our business to change its meaning, only to mark it deprecated.

-- 
If you have ever wondered if you are in hell,         John Cowan
it has been said, then you are on a well-traveled     http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
road of spiritual inquiry.  If you are absolutely     cowan@ccil.org
sure you are in hell, however, then you must be
on the Cross Bronx Expressway.          --Alan Feuer, NYTimes, 2002-09-20

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 12:14:23 2006
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Dropping redundant registrations is not permitted. Making them truly 
redundant, however, is permitted. I'd support both widening the 
redundant registration and providing a preferred-value (true deprecation).

Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> We already put a mechanism in place for this -- semantic widening.
> 
> sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which is
> a widening of ASL. To perform that action, actually just dropping from
> the registry would work. Every tag that was well-formed and valid
> beforehand is also afterwards; and the semantic is broadened. I'd have
> to read the rules again to see if that is permitted, however.
> 
> Mark
> 
> On 9/13/06, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>> Doug Ewell wrote:
>> >
>> >>> I don't know why we allowed grandfathered tags to be assigned a
>> >>> Preferred-Value at a later date, but did not allow the same for
>> >>> redundant tags.
>> >>
>> >> Because redundant tags are, well, redundant. That is, "sgn-BE" will
>> >> still be both "well-formed" and "valid" regardless of what we do with
>> >> extlangs.  In fact, it expresses an entirely different value than
>> >> "sgn-bvs" does. One is "Belgian Sign Language", a specific language.
>> >> The other is "sign language(s) as used in Belgium".
>> >
>> > That was my objection all along to this scheme.
>>
>> John points out that these tags have meanings defined by the 3066
>> registration process, which is true. I don't have a problem with
>> deprecating the tags and it is probably best to include said deprecation
>> in the registry so that users will migrate to the new tags. However...
>> it *does* mean that we'll be breaking our own precedent and
>> (potentially) breaking someone's tags.
>>
>> >
>> >>> ... This would mean two tagging possibilities for the same
>> >>> Description, one of which would be deprecated but would not point to
>> >>> the other.
>> >>
>> >> We will have to decide about this particular point.
>> >
>> > I'd really prefer not to have any more deprecated-at-birth subtags than
>> > absolutely necessary.
>>
>> +1
>>
>>
>> -- 
>> Addison Phillips
>> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>>
>> Internationalization is an architecture.
>> It is not a feature.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ltru mailing list
>> Ltru@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>>

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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John Cowan wrote:

Going through your list (skipped => ACK):

> 2.2.4: change the first appearance of "region" to
> "multi-country region" for clarity

Soryy, I don't get this.  The first sentence starting with
"Region subtags are used" [...] is okay,

> add a sentence to the first graf something like "Language
> varieties specific to regions within countries and
> territories are represented by variant subtags."

More like "could be represented" (if registered), or "can be
represented by registered variant subtags" (with a pointer to
the next section about variants).  A statement about this
could also be added as new point 7 of the 2.2.4 list (instead
of adding it to the 2.2.4 intro).
 
> 3.1 is excessively long and should be separated into pieces.

Indeed, the stuff about Deprecated and Preferred-Value could
be one of those 3.1.x pieces, or a single new subsection 3.1.1.
 
 [3.4.17]
> Change to "should a grandfathered tag become equal to a valid
> tag composed of subtags in the IANA registry" or similar.

Maybe ..."valid tag composed of registered subtags" (shorter).

Frank



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Comments follow. Editor's copy updated and posted to inter-locale. A 
wdiff link is included there.

I note that TinyURL has decided that tools.ietf.org is a "frequently 
spammed" site. I'm going to have to switch to del.icio.us or Y!Scuttle 
for my short URLs....

Addison

John Cowan wrote:
> This is a preliminary run-through.
> 
> In 2.2, it would be better to use a valid tag rather than "fr-Latn-CA";
> 'fr' has a Suppress-Script of Latn.

Changed to use 'Hant' and "zh-Hant-CN". This, of course, is an example 
from 4646...

> 
> In the last paragraph, let's use "i-default" rather than "i-enochian",
> as the latter may eventually become deprecated.

Done.

> 
> 2.2.1 item 2: for "maintenance agengies [sic]" read "registration
> authorities".  The ISO 639 parts and ISO 15924 have registration
> authorities, because those groups decide what does and does not go in
> the standard.  ISO 3166 has a maintenance agency, because it chooses
> the subtags but doesn't decide what goes on the list and what doesn't.
> There are other instances of this problem going back to RFC 1766.

Typo fixed. Terminology fixed in 2.2.1, 2.2.2, etc.

> 
> 2.2.1: For "It is not expected that future assignments of this nature
> will occur" read "It is expected that future assignments of this nature
> will not occur."  I think we can safely assume that now.

Changed the syntax.

> 
> At the end of 2.2.1 there are two consecutive "For example" grafs,
> the first of which is semantically subordinate to the graf beginning
> "Note: To avoid problems with [...]" but the second is parallel to it.
> Change the second "For example" to "Note:" also.

Changed to:

<t>Note: An example of independent primary language subtag registration 
might include: one of the grandfathered IANA registrations
is "i-enochian". The subtag 'enochian' could be registered
in the IANA registry as a primary language subtag
(assuming that ISO 639 does not register this language first),
making tags such as "enochian-AQ" and "enochian-Latn" valid.
</t>

Making the item a note required some additional text explaining what it was.

It might be better just to lose the example altogether.

> 
> 2.2.2 is severely broken, not surprisingly.  I'll address this separately.

It is severely "not there yet" :-).

> 
> 2.2.4: change the first appearance of "region" to "multi-country
> region" for clarity, 

No. That doesn't make sense: the first appearance is defining what 
"region subtag" is. Please suggest the specific text, if you think this 
in error.

> and add a sentence to the first graf something like
> "Language varieties specific to regions within countries and territories
> are represented by variant subtags."

I don't think this text would be appropriate on two points:

1. It would be better to say "could be represented by variant subtags", 
since no sub-regional subtags are registered.

2. The rules make this happen anyway.

> 
> 2.2.4 item 5: for "as when" read "as when it is not known or"

I don't think this adds anything necessary to the document.

> 
> 2.2.9, final bullet point: for "at least one" read "the"; an extlang
> subtag MUST have exactly one prefix.

This item is a mess, actually. I changed it to:

<t>For extended language subtags, check that the tag matches the 
'Prefix' field associated with the subtag. The tag matches if the 
'Prefix' exactly matches the start of the tag. For example, the prefix 
"sgn-ase" matches the tag "sgn-ase-US" but does not match the tag 
"sgn-bvs-ase-US".</t>

> 
> 3.1 is excessively long and should be separated into pieces.

I'll consider how to break it up, but would prefer not to. I don't see 
the need to introduce changes to 4646 text if we don't have to. The time 
to edit 4646 was in draft-registry.

> 
> 3.1: for "MAY appear more than one time" read "MAY appear more than once".

Done.

> 
> 3.3: missing spaces before references, leading to "inSection 3.6" and
> "of[RFC 4646]" in the HTML version.  This problem may be more widespread.

Spaces are present in the XML. Will investigate further.

> 
> 3.4, item 17: The exception is misstated: it's not enough that all
> the subtags in a grandfathered tag are valid, they also have to be in
> well-formed order.  Change to "should a grandfathered tag become equal
> to a valid tag composed of subtags in the IANA registry" or similar.
> We can't leave out "composed of subtags" because a grandfathered tag
> is a valid tag by definition.

Good point. I changed it thusly:

--
Stability provisions apply to grandfathered tags with this exception:
should it be possible to compose one of the grandfathered tags from 
registered subtags, then the field 'Type' in that record is changed from 
'grandfathered' to 'redundant'.
--

I note that this bears on our discussion of allowing 
Preferred-Value/Deprecated into redundant tags: if a grandfathered tag 
has picked up this baggage, wouldn't it stand to reason that the 
redundant tag would keep it?

> 
> 3.5 last graf: "Description" is ambiguous; it might be taken as referring
> to the Description: field in the registration form.  Change to "Reference
> to published description of the language".

Already done per Frank's comments.

> 
> 3.6 first bullet: for "maintenance or registration" read "registration";
> see above.  Same story for "maintenance agency" and "agency" in the text
> just before the addresses for 639 (should this now be 639-1? I don't
> know), 639-2, and 639-3.  3166 and 15924 are correct.

Done.

> 
> 4.1 item 2: for "which script subtags do not add" read "script subtags
> that do not add".
> 

Done.

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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McDonald, Ira wrote:

> XML source is a pretty terrible format for non-experts to
> review in an I-D.

Depends, <http://purl.net/xyzzy/home/test/utf-8.xml> is almost
obvious, for the native ICU format you'd need the rules (ABNF).
 
> XML lets us use things much more powerful than XML Schema
> (like Relax NG and Schematron) to enforce consistency.

ABNF is also nice, one advantage is that I know it.  Willing
to sign a "4234 to STD" petition (including any "fight it out
with Bruce" obligation).

> Record Jar is not going to replace XML as the language du
> jour for database-like applications.

The SPF folks use something that's called YAML for their test
suite (picked out of XML, JSON, YAML).  It really depends on
what you need.  I read Stephane's Cosmogol draft, this can't
_directly_ replace the <validity> state machine in CharMapML
with its 256 "messages" (= octets) in any state.  

Frank



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3.4, point 17 includes this example:

--
For example, if the subtag
         'gan' in the language tag "zh-gan" were to be registered as an
         extended language subtag, then the grandfathered tag "zh-gan"
         would be deprecated (but existing content or implementations
         that use "zh-gan" would remain valid).
--

In light of this document (and the fact that we're showing the move from 
grandfathered to redundant in the example), I have changed this text to 
read:

--
For example, this document caused the ISO 639-3 code 'gan', used
in the redundant tag "zh-gan", to be registered as an extended language 
subtag. The formerly-grandfathered tag "zh-gan" became a redundant tag 
as a result (but existing content or implementations that use "zh-gan" 
remain valid).
-- 

Addison

Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> >2.2.4: change the first appearance of "region" to "multi-country
> >region" for clarity, 
> 
> No. That doesn't make sense: the first appearance is defining what 
> "region subtag" is. Please suggest the specific text, if you think this 
> in error.

Sorry, I specified this badly.  I meant to suggest changing "specific
country, territory, or region" to "specific country, territory, or
multi-country region."  I did not mean to change the term "Region
subtag", of course.

Come to think of it, "territory" is also bad, though I don't have
anything better to suggest.

> 1. It would be better to say "could be represented by variant subtags", 
> since no sub-regional subtags are registered.

+1

> 2. The rules make this happen anyway.

Sure, but saying so redundantly here adds clarity.

> >2.2.4 item 5: for "as when" read "as when it is not known or"
> 
> I don't think this adds anything necessary to the document.

I think it's useful to point out that adding subtags you are
not sure of just to be adding them is a Bad Thing.  If you
don't know if the document is en-US or en-UK or ..., stick
with en.  Perhaps this should be made more explicit.

> I'll consider how to break it up, but would prefer not to. I don't see 
> the need to introduce changes to 4646 text if we don't have to. The time 
> to edit 4646 was in draft-registry.

My review was a de novo one; I should have made that clear from the
beginning.

> I note that this bears on our discussion of allowing 
> Preferred-Value/Deprecated into redundant tags: if a grandfathered tag 
> has picked up this baggage, wouldn't it stand to reason that the 
> redundant tag would keep it?

+1

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
Linguistics is arguably the most hotly contested property in the academic
realm. It is soaked with the blood of poets, theologians, philosophers,
philologists, psychologists, biologists and neurologists, along with
whatever blood can be got out of grammarians. - Russ Rymer

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Addison Phillips wrote on tge LTRU list:
 
> I note that TinyURL has decided that tools.ietf.org is a
> "frequently spammed" site. I'm going to have to switch to
> del.icio.us or Y!Scuttle for my short URLs....

Sigh, forwarded to the "tools" list, could we get a default
url1= if only url2= is specifified ?  The algorithm would be:

1: strip and note any extension like ".txt" at the last dot
2: split version after last hyphen-minus like 03 for "...-03"
3: concatenate the rest plus version -1 (02) plus extension
   to get a default url1.

And maybe let &difftype=--hwdiff be the default, instead of
the side-by-side diff (?)

It's okay if the tinyurl folks are paranoid, they were or are
blacklisted by wikipedia after some abuse.  For redirectors
SURBL offers a way to fight abuse:
<http://www.surbl.org/redirect.html>

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 13:42:17 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] Preferred-Value fun...
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I note some problems with Preferred-Value, which I'm cleaning as follows:

1. Currently the definition of P-V says:

--
  o  Preferred-Value

       *  For fields of type 'language', 'extlang', 'script', 'region',
          and 'variant', 'Preferred-Value' contains the subtag of the
          same 'Type' that is preferred for forming the language tag.

       *  For fields of type 'grandfathered' and 'redundant', a canonical
          mapping to a complete language tag.
--

Notice that this won't work for 'language' and 'extlang' subtags in all 
situation. I'm changing to:

--
<t>Preferred-Value<list>

    <t>For fields of type 'script', 'region', and 'variant',
    'Preferred-Value' contains the subtag of the same 'Type'
    that is preferred for forming the language tag.</t>

    <t>For fields of type 'language' and 'extlang',
      'Preferred-Value' contains the language production
      (see <xref target="ABNF"></xref>) that is preferred
      when forming the language tag. This can be simply a
      'language' subtag, or it can be a 'language' subtag
      followed by an extended language sequence.</t>

    <t>For fields of type 'grandfathered' and 'redundant',
       a canonical mapping to a complete language tag.</t>

</list></t>
--

2. Elsewhere in that section it says:

--
    3.  Tags grandfathered from RFC 3066.
--

... which I changed to:

--
    3.  Grandfathered or redundant tags from RFC 3066.
--


3. The prohibition of new Preferred-Values paragraph needs attention, 
per the threads over the past couple of days. Here is the old para:

--
<t>The field 'Preferred-Value' MUST NOT be modified once created in the 
registry. The field MAY be added to records of type "grandfathered" and 
"region" according to the rules in <xref target="maintreg"></xref>. 
Otherwise the field MUST NOT be added to any record already in the 
registry.</t>
--

Here is my proposed new para:

--
<t>The field 'Preferred-Value' MUST NOT be modified once created in the 
registry. The field MAY be added to records according to the rules in 
<xref target="maintreg"></xref>.</t>
--


--

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> some problems with Preferred-Value, which I'm cleaning

Sounds good, and for the identification of redundant sgn-XX
tags their registration forms are still available at IANA:
<http://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-tags/>

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 13:54:00 2006
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> 
> Sorry, I specified this badly.  I meant to suggest changing "specific
> country, territory, or region" to "specific country, territory, or
> multi-country region."  I did not mean to change the term "Region
> subtag", of course.
> 
> Come to think of it, "territory" is also bad, though I don't have
> anything better to suggest.

Thanks for the clarification. Hmm.. that text is kind of awkward. I'll 
play with it in the next edit session.

> 
>> 1. It would be better to say "could be represented by variant subtags", 
>> since no sub-regional subtags are registered.
> 
> +1
> 
>> 2. The rules make this happen anyway.
> 
> Sure, but saying so redundantly here adds clarity.

Okay.

> 
>>> 2.2.4 item 5: for "as when" read "as when it is not known or"
>> I don't think this adds anything necessary to the document.
> 
> I think it's useful to point out that adding subtags you are
> not sure of just to be adding them is a Bad Thing.  If you
> don't know if the document is en-US or en-UK or ..., stick
> with en.  Perhaps this should be made more explicit.

Not a bad idea in general, but not strictly necessary here. I find the 
resulting sentence more potentially confusing (for an example).

> 
>> I'll consider how to break it up, but would prefer not to. I don't see 
>> the need to introduce changes to 4646 text if we don't have to. The time 
>> to edit 4646 was in draft-registry.
> 
> My review was a de novo one; I should have made that clear from the
> beginning.

I recognize that. I'm okay with a de novo review (it is good to use 
fresh eyes). My point is that I'm expressing an "editorial preference" 
not to make wide changes in the structure of the document. I'd prefer 
not to introduce a lot more change in the text, if possible, too, 
although the change bars are going lots of places as it is.....

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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++1

> My review was a de novo one; I should have made that clear from the
> > beginning.
>
> I recognize that. I'm okay with a de novo review (it is good to use
> fresh eyes). My point is that I'm expressing an "editorial preference"
> not to make wide changes in the structure of the document. I'd prefer
> not to introduce a lot more change in the text, if possible, too,
> although the change bars are going lots of places as it is.....
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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<div><div><br>++1 <br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">&gt; My review was a de novo one; I should have made that clear from the
<br>&gt; beginning.<br><br>I recognize that. I'm okay with a de novo review (it is good to use<br>fresh eyes). My point is that I'm expressing an &quot;editorial preference&quot;<br>not to make wide changes in the structure of the document. I'd prefer
<br>not to introduce a lot more change in the text, if possible, too,<br>although the change bars are going lots of places as it is.....<br><br>Addison<br><br>--<br>Addison Phillips<br>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
<br><br>Internationalization is an architecture.<br>It is not a feature.<br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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Hi -

> From: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
> To: "Martin Hosken" <martin_hosken@sil.org>
> Cc: <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 7:38 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
>

> Martin Hosken scripsit:
> 
> > I realise that there are probably two choices for this: a new script IPA
> > or a subscript of Latn. My only thought is that any language may be
> > written using IPA so if a subscript tag must be registered for each
> > language, that's a lot of registration. Apart from that I'm easy either
> > way, I would just like to know what to use.
> 
> This is part of the general problem of transliteration/transcription,
> which is not (yet) handled by the RFC 4646 framework.  The best permanent
> answer is probably to create a -t-xxxx standardized extension to
> 4646, as provided for, and to create a registration authority to
> register and maintain codes for different transliterations.
> 
> No one has hitherto stepped forward to become the registration authority,
> however.
> 
> Until then, the best solution is probably to keep the transliteration
> separate from the RFC 4646 language tag, or else to use -x-something
> as a private-use transliteration subtag.
...

As a technical contributor...

Although it would be nice to have a general solution to the transcription /
transliteration problem, perhaps IPA transcriptions are common and
important enough to merit an immediate solution, even while recognizing
that a given utterance may be transcribed in a large number of ways,
depending on the needs and preferences of the transcriber.  What
would it take to have the powers that be add a four-letter script code
for it?

Randy


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 14:17:12 2006
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> Although it would be nice to have a general solution to the transcription /
> transliteration problem, perhaps IPA transcriptions are common and
> important enough to merit an immediate solution, even while recognizing
> that a given utterance may be transcribed in a large number of ways,
> depending on the needs and preferences of the transcriber.  What
> would it take to have the powers that be add a four-letter script code
> for it?

There's only one relevant power that be, and that's (qua ISO 19542
Registrar, not qua LSTR), and he's already rejected it.  Good luck.

-- 
How they ever reached any  conclusion at all    <cowan@ccil.org>
is starkly unknowable to the human mind.        http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --"Backstage Lensman", Randall Garrett

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Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2006 11:19:44 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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That was raised on the script JAC.

I personally think it's a good idea. The script code already incorporates
variations which are essentially orthography (Hant vs Hans), and other
differences that are simply glyphic variation (Fraktur Latin). It would be
extremely useful if we had an IPA variant script (and for that matter, a
polytonic variant script).

But I'll include Everson on this so that he can voice his opinion.

Mark

On 9/13/06, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:
>
> Hi -
>
> > From: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
> > To: "Martin Hosken" <martin_hosken@sil.org>
> > Cc: <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 7:38 AM
> > Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
> >
>
> > Martin Hosken scripsit:
> >
> > > I realise that there are probably two choices for this: a new script
> IPA
> > > or a subscript of Latn. My only thought is that any language may be
> > > written using IPA so if a subscript tag must be registered for each
> > > language, that's a lot of registration. Apart from that I'm easy
> either
> > > way, I would just like to know what to use.
> >
> > This is part of the general problem of transliteration/transcription,
> > which is not (yet) handled by the RFC 4646 framework.  The best
> permanent
> > answer is probably to create a -t-xxxx standardized extension to
> > 4646, as provided for, and to create a registration authority to
> > register and maintain codes for different transliterations.
> >
> > No one has hitherto stepped forward to become the registration
> authority,
> > however.
> >
> > Until then, the best solution is probably to keep the transliteration
> > separate from the RFC 4646 language tag, or else to use -x-something
> > as a private-use transliteration subtag.
> ...
>
> As a technical contributor...
>
> Although it would be nice to have a general solution to the transcription
> /
> transliteration problem, perhaps IPA transcriptions are common and
> important enough to merit an immediate solution, even while recognizing
> that a given utterance may be transcribed in a large number of ways,
> depending on the needs and preferences of the transcriber.  What
> would it take to have the powers that be add a four-letter script code
> for it?
>
> Randy
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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That was raised on the script JAC.<br><br>I personally think it's a good idea. The script code already incorporates variations which are essentially orthography (Hant vs Hans), and other differences that are simply glyphic variation (Fraktur Latin). It would be extremely useful if we had an IPA variant script (and for that matter, a polytonic variant script).
<br><br>But I'll include Everson on this so that he can voice his opinion.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/13/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Randy Presuhn</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">
randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Hi -<br><br>&gt; From: &quot;John Cowan&quot; &lt;
<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; To: &quot;Martin Hosken&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:martin_hosken@sil.org">martin_hosken@sil.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Cc: &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org
</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 7:38 AM<br>&gt; Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA<br>&gt;<br><br>&gt; Martin Hosken scripsit:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt; I realise that there are probably two choices for this: a new script IPA
<br>&gt; &gt; or a subscript of Latn. My only thought is that any language may be<br>&gt; &gt; written using IPA so if a subscript tag must be registered for each<br>&gt; &gt; language, that's a lot of registration. Apart from that I'm easy either
<br>&gt; &gt; way, I would just like to know what to use.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; This is part of the general problem of transliteration/transcription,<br>&gt; which is not (yet) handled by the RFC 4646 framework.&nbsp;&nbsp;The best permanent
<br>&gt; answer is probably to create a -t-xxxx standardized extension to<br>&gt; 4646, as provided for, and to create a registration authority to<br>&gt; register and maintain codes for different transliterations.<br>&gt;
<br>&gt; No one has hitherto stepped forward to become the registration authority,<br>&gt; however.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Until then, the best solution is probably to keep the transliteration<br>&gt; separate from the RFC 4646 language tag, or else to use -x-something
<br>&gt; as a private-use transliteration subtag.<br>...<br><br>As a technical contributor...<br><br>Although it would be nice to have a general solution to the transcription /<br>transliteration problem, perhaps IPA transcriptions are common and
<br>important enough to merit an immediate solution, even while recognizing<br>that a given utterance may be transcribed in a large number of ways,<br>depending on the needs and preferences of the transcriber.&nbsp;&nbsp;What<br>would it take to have the powers that be add a four-letter script code
<br>for it?<br><br>Randy<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 15:49:45 2006
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From: Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com>
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At 11:19 -0700 2006-09-13, Mark Davis wrote:
>That was raised on the script JAC.
>
>I personally think it's a good idea. The script=20
>code already incorporates variations which are=20
>essentially orthography (Hant vs Hans), and=20
>other differences that are simply glyphic=20
>variation (Fraktur Latin). It would be extremely=20
>useful if we had an IPA variant script (and for=20
>that matter, a polytonic variant script).
>
>But I'll include Everson on this so that he can voice his opinion.

I have opposed this kind of thing for a long=20
time, because IPA isn't a script. Nor is it a=20
style in the way that Fraktur or Gaelic are=20
styles of Latin.

Polytonic Greek orthography is *not* a variant of=20
the Greek script. It is an orthography which=20
simply uses more characters than Monotonic Greek=20
orthography does. There is no justification for=20
suggesting otherwise, as I have said to you=20
before on that issue. Polytonic orthography=20
simply uses more (Greek) characters than=20
Monotonic does.

You might as well suggest that ASCII-only English=20
uses a different script from English which uses=20
diacritical marks as in fa=E7ade, co=F6perate,=20
r=E9sum=E9, na=EFve, r=F4le, or belov=E8d. But that=20
wouldn't be correct. One orthography simply uses=20
more (Latin) characters than the other.

Similarly, apart from a few straggling imports=20
from Greek (which should be represented by Latin=20
clones for a variety of reasons), all of the IPA=20
characters are Latin. Many natural orthographies,=20
in Africa for instance, use characters which=20
originated as phonetic characters.

There is also the problem that other Latin=20
phonetic alphabets exist which are not IPA.=20
Here's a test. Consider the text [paketilonu].=20
What script is it written in? Latin? The=20
"International Phonetic Alphabet"? The "Uralic=20
Phonetic Alphabet"? The "Lepsius Phonetic=20
Alphabet"?

Answer: All of the above. Ergo: Latn.
-- 
Michael Everson * http://www.evertype.com

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Michael Everson scripsit:

> You might as well suggest that ASCII-only English 
> uses a different script from English which uses 
> diacritical marks as in façade, coöperate, 
> résumé, naïve, rôle, or belovèd. But that 
> wouldn't be correct. One orthography simply uses 
> more (Latin) characters than the other.

Sub-scripts are introduced for practical reasons.  Hans and Hant are
just subsets of Hani, but it's handy to be able to differentiate, and the
difference is more like a script difference than it is like anything else.

> There is also the problem that other Latin phonetic alphabets exist
> which are not IPA.  Here's a test. Consider the text [paketilonu].
> What script is it written in? Latin? The "International Phonetic
> Alphabet"? The "Uralic Phonetic Alphabet"? The "Lepsius Phonetic
> Alphabet"?
> 
> Answer: All of the above. Ergo: Latn.

"What language is 'chat' written in?  English?  French?  Answer: both.
Ergo: Hmmm."

Is Lisu (in the Fraser orthography) written in Latn?  It too uses a
small subset of Latin letters plus some novel ones.

-- 
John Cowan                              cowan@ccil.org
            http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Humpty Dump Dublin squeaks through his norse
                Humpty Dump Dublin hath a horrible vorse
But for all his kinks English / And his irismanx brogues
                Humpty Dump Dublin's grandada of all rogues.  --Cousin James

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Henrik Levkowetz wrote:

 [default url1= derived from url2=]
> Done.  I've also added a symlink
[...]
> http://www1.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff.pyht?url2=http://...

Great, thanks, test URL:

http://www1.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff.pyht?url2=http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01.txt&difftype=--hwdiff

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 17:01:12 2006
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2006 14:00:12 -0700
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At least until an extension was suggested, I had considered getting a
script ID added to 15924 for indicating IPA as a variant of Latn
(Lipa?). Comparing this versus an extension mechanism, there are pros
and cons to consider:

- If an extension was used, then any matching processors that do not
understand the extension would probably assume that "en" and "en-t-xxxx"
were the same -- they have no basis to differentiate other than "there
is some unknown difference", and they have no way to know if that
unknown difference is relevant or not for matching purposes. But if a
script subtag were used, then that is not opaque to any matching
processor: matching would always do something reasonable.

Extension: 0
Script subtag: 1

- A problem I immediately saw with using a script ID when I first
thought of it is that there are probably on the order of 10 important
variations of Latin-based phonetic transcription (and who-knows-how-many
minor or idiosyncratic variants). It wouldn't make sense to have a
script ID for each -- that's really abusing 15924. My thought on dealing
with that problem was to have the script ID be neutral with regard to
the particular convention of phonetic transcript and simply denote
Latin-based phonetic transcriptions (so, "Lphn" rather than "Lipa"?),
and then use variant subtags to differentiate between different
conventions.

Now, clearly an extension would provide a solution to this problem. But
so could the alternative I've just described.

Extension: 1
Script subtag (+ variants): 2

I can't think of any other benefits of an extension mechanism, certainly
not for phonetic transcription, and even for transliterations. It seems
to me that transliterations will require the use of a script subtag.
E.g. consider Chinese in Wade-Giles. Having a tag along the lines of
"zh-t-wadegiles" really isn't sufficient for matching; you'd really want
"zh-Latn-t-wadegiles" so that all matching processors will see the
*very* important difference between Chinese in Latin script versus
Chinese in ideographs. But then, what's the benefit of the singleton
"-t"? None that I can see.

So, I'm still inclined to handle transcriptions and transliterations
using the mechanisms already available to us: script and variant
subtags.



Peter Constable


-----Original Message-----
From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]=20
Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 7:39 AM
To: Martin Hosken
Cc: ltru@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA

Martin Hosken scripsit:

> I realise that there are probably two choices for this: a new script
IPA
> or a subscript of Latn. My only thought is that any language may be
> written using IPA so if a subscript tag must be registered for each
> language, that's a lot of registration. Apart from that I'm easy
either
> way, I would just like to know what to use.

This is part of the general problem of transliteration/transcription,
which is not (yet) handled by the RFC 4646 framework.  The best
permanent
answer is probably to create a -t-xxxx standardized extension to
4646, as provided for, and to create a registration authority to
register and maintain codes for different transliterations.

No one has hitherto stepped forward to become the registration
authority,
however.

Until then, the best solution is probably to keep the transliteration
separate from the RFC 4646 language tag, or else to use -x-something
as a private-use transliteration subtag.

--=20
While staying with the Asonu, I met a man from      John Cowan
the Candensian plane, which is very much like       cowan@ccil.org
ours, only more of it consists of Toronto.
http://:www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --Ursula K. Le Guin, Changing Planes

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 17:53:34 2006
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Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2006 22:52:39 +0100
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From: Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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At 16:29 -0400 2006-09-13, John Cowan wrote:
>Sub-scripts are introduced for practical reasons.  Hans and Hant are
>just subsets of Hani, but it's handy to be able to differentiate, and the
>difference is more like a script difference than it is like anything else.

This does not convince me that IPA is some kind of *Latp script 
variant of Latn. I'm sorry, but it just isn't by everything I know 
about scripts. Moreover, there are dozens of Latin phonetic alphabets 
and varieties of them.

>  > There is also the problem that other Latin phonetic alphabets exist
>>  which are not IPA.  Here's a test. Consider the text [paketilonu].
>>  What script is it written in? Latin? The "International Phonetic
>>  Alphabet"? The "Uralic Phonetic Alphabet"? The "Lepsius Phonetic
>>  Alphabet"?
>>
>>  Answer: All of the above. Ergo: Latn.
>
>"What language is 'chat' written in?  English?  French?  Answer: both.
>Ergo: Hmmm."

Language is a different thing from script.

>Is Lisu (in the Fraser orthography) written in Latn?

No.

>It too uses a small subset of Latin letters plus some novel ones.

No. Its characters derive from Latin (just as Thaana letters derive 
from Arabic digits). But it no longer has case, and indeed Lisu text 
written in the lower-case versions of the script is illegible to 
readers. It has become something else.
-- 
Michael Everson * http://www.evertype.com

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: [Tools-discuss] Re: Tiny URLs
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Hi Frank,

on 2006-09-13 22:25 Frank Ellermann said the following:
> Henrik Levkowetz wrote:
> 
>  [default url1= derived from url2=]
>> Done.  I've also added a symlink
> [...]
>> http://www1.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff.pyht?url2=http://...
> 
> Great, thanks, test URL:
> 
> http://www1.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff.pyht?url2=http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01.txt&difftype=--hwdiff

I actually shortened it a little bit further just after I sent off the previous :

  http://tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01.txt&difftype=--hwdiff


Regards,

	Henrik

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: [Tools-discuss] Tiny URLs
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Hi Frank,

on 2006-09-13 19:27 Frank Ellermann said the following:
> Addison Phillips wrote on tge LTRU list:
>  
>> I note that TinyURL has decided that tools.ietf.org is a
>> "frequently spammed" site. I'm going to have to switch to
>> del.icio.us or Y!Scuttle for my short URLs....

Hmm - tried to use it just now for a tinyurl to a  tools.ietf.org URL,
and didn't see any problems...  Is it a matter both of target domain
and requesting domain?

> Sigh, forwarded to the "tools" list, could we get a default
> url1= if only url2= is specifified ?  The algorithm would be:
> 
> 1: strip and note any extension like ".txt" at the last dot
> 2: split version after last hyphen-minus like 03 for "...-03"
> 3: concatenate the rest plus version -1 (02) plus extension
>    to get a default url1.

Done.  I've also added a symlink so instead of

  http://www1.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff/rfcdiff.pyht?url2=http://...

you can now also use the somewhat shorter

  http://www1.tools.ietf.org/tools/rfcdiff.pyht?url2=http://...

The changes are available on www1.tools.ietf.org now, should be on all
servers within an hour.

> And maybe let &difftype=--hwdiff be the default, instead of
> the side-by-side diff (?)

This is less obvious to me... I personally always want the side-by-side
diff, but if most people want --hwdiff, we could change.  Either way,
I've considered adding links to other diff formats at the top of the
diff generated, but haven't gone there yet.

> It's okay if the tinyurl folks are paranoid, they were or are
> blacklisted by wikipedia after some abuse.  For redirectors
> SURBL offers a way to fight abuse:
> <http://www.surbl.org/redirect.html>

Mmm.  Thanks.  I didn't know about this.


	Henrik


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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Hi -

> From: "Michael Everson" <everson@evertype.com>
> To: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
> Cc: <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 2:52 PM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
....
> >Is Lisu (in the Fraser orthography) written in Latn?
> 
> No.
> 
> >It too uses a small subset of Latin letters plus some novel ones.
> 
> No. Its characters derive from Latin (just as Thaana letters derive 
> from Arabic digits). But it no longer has case, and indeed Lisu text 
> written in the lower-case versions of the script is illegible to 
> readers. It has become something else.
...

One could probably make the same argument regarding IPA
transcriptions of English, particularly if the transcription is narrow
or of a speaker the reader wouldn't understand.

Randy


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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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I agree. I think the main issue is that what constitutes a script is
somewhat fuzzy, and what constitutes a script variant much more so.

I don't see any clear reason why Hant (vs Hans) or Latf (vs Latn) is an
appropriate distinction, and yet IPA is not. For Hant and IPA, both are
choices of repertoires used to represent a written form. Both make a
dramatic difference to users. For Latf, it is even less plain why it is
somehow deserving of a distinction as a script variant and yet IPA is not.

Mark

On 9/13/06, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:
>
> Hi -
>
> > From: "Michael Everson" <everson@evertype.com>
> > To: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
> > Cc: <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 2:52 PM
> > Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
> ....
> > >Is Lisu (in the Fraser orthography) written in Latn?
> >
> > No.
> >
> > >It too uses a small subset of Latin letters plus some novel ones.
> >
> > No. Its characters derive from Latin (just as Thaana letters derive
> > from Arabic digits). But it no longer has case, and indeed Lisu text
> > written in the lower-case versions of the script is illegible to
> > readers. It has become something else.
> ...
>
> One could probably make the same argument regarding IPA
> transcriptions of English, particularly if the transcription is narrow
> or of a speaker the reader wouldn't understand.
>
> Randy
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
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I agree. I think the main issue is that what constitutes a script is somewhat fuzzy, and what constitutes a script variant much more so.<br><br>I don't see any clear reason why Hant (vs Hans) or Latf (vs Latn) is an appropriate distinction, and yet IPA is not. For Hant and IPA, both are choices of repertoires used to represent a written form. Both make a dramatic difference to users. For Latf, it is even less plain why it is somehow deserving of a distinction as a script variant and yet IPA is not.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/13/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Randy Presuhn</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Hi -<br><br>&gt; From: &quot;Michael Everson&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:everson@evertype.com">everson@evertype.com</a>&gt;<br>&gt; To: &quot;John Cowan&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Cc: &lt;
<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 2:52 PM<br>&gt; Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA<br>....<br>&gt; &gt;Is Lisu (in the Fraser orthography) written in Latn?
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; No.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt;It too uses a small subset of Latin letters plus some novel ones.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; No. Its characters derive from Latin (just as Thaana letters derive<br>&gt; from Arabic digits). But it no longer has case, and indeed Lisu text
<br>&gt; written in the lower-case versions of the script is illegible to<br>&gt; readers. It has become something else.<br>...<br><br>One could probably make the same argument regarding IPA<br>transcriptions of English, particularly if the transcription is narrow
<br>or of a speaker the reader wouldn't understand.<br><br>Randy<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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Michael Everson scripsit:

> No. Its characters derive from Latin (just as Thaana letters derive 
> from Arabic digits). But it no longer has case, and indeed Lisu text 
> written in the lower-case versions of the script is illegible to 
> readers. It has become something else.

IPA and its rivals don't have case either, something you have said
in the past is fundamental to the nature of the Latin script (and
I agree).

-- 
There is / One art                      John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
No more / No less                       http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
To do / All things
With art- / Lessness                     -- Piet Hein

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 22:56:31 2006
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From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]=20

> > sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which
is
> > a widening of ASL.=20
>
> Well, but does it then exclude documents (videos, e.g.) that are
> Canadian in origin?

Is "Canadian in origin" the relevant attribute? I could sit in Toronto
and create content that is thus Cdn in origin but that uses en-US
conventions and so should be tagged en-US; I regularly sit in Seattle
and create content that is thus US in origin but that uses en-CA
conventions and so should be tagged en-CA.

Of course, what matters (which I know you know) is what language variety
is reflected in the document, and that potentially there is a Cdn
variant of ASL that might be used in some content, so redefining sgn-US
from "ASL" (which was a correct attribute of that content) to "signed
language as used in the US" (which is not a correct attribute of that
content) is resulting in the content becoming inappropriately tagged.=20


Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 13 23:05:40 2006
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Dear Michael,
> At 16:29 -0400 2006-09-13, John Cowan wrote:
>> Sub-scripts are introduced for practical reasons.  Hans and Hant are
>> just subsets of Hani, but it's handy to be able to differentiate, and
>> the
>> difference is more like a script difference than it is like anything
>> else.
>
> This does not convince me that IPA is some kind of *Latp script
> variant of Latn. I'm sorry, but it just isn't by everything I know
> about scripts. Moreover, there are dozens of Latin phonetic alphabets
> and varieties of them.

Passing all remaining angels, I'll have a go.

1. The IPA is a controlled alphabet so while one can write different
types of transcription of the same text (most usually phonetic vs
phonemic) it is clear that someone is using the IPA to do it in
contradistinction to using a Romanisation or some other phonetic alphabet.

2. Words in Roman script languages are regularly transcribed (not
transliterated, this isn't about transliteration) into IPA. Notice that
they are different writing systems and while people may come up with
different Roman based scripts and transcriptions, they don't, not very
often.

3. This is not about trying to come up with a solution for other
transcription schemes which are generally recognised to be in a specific
script. Thus pinyin is considered a Romanisation of Chinese, but an IPA
transcription is not. An IPA transcription is considered to be in IPA
not Roman.
>
>>  > There is also the problem that other Latin phonetic alphabets exist
>>>  which are not IPA.  Here's a test. Consider the text [paketilonu].
>>>  What script is it written in? Latin? The "International Phonetic
>>>  Alphabet"? The "Uralic Phonetic Alphabet"? The "Lepsius Phonetic
>>>  Alphabet"?
>>>
>>>  Answer: All of the above. Ergo: Latn.

And what about the 'case' for Cyrllic (same in both) or the 'MONEY' in
Greek? Ergo: Latn?

I'm not asking for Americanist to be considered its own script, I'm not
asking for Pinyin to be its own script. So what is it about the IPA that
makes me think of it as a separate script?

1. It is a worldwide standard that dominates its field and is
immediately recognisable as such by anyone who can read it, in contrast
to reading a Romanisation which is instantly recognisable as being non
IPA. I'm not talking about edge cases here, I'm talking about when a
linguist sees transcription, they know IPA when they see it. Of course
it's not hard to fool someone, but that's not generally the aim.

2. It has subcategorisations within it: phonemic and phonetic being two
major writing system categories

3. It isn't used for any orthography since it lacks case. There are no
known languages with an IPA orthography, therefore the IPA is a
different thing from any orthographic script.

4. Since it is nearly uniquely possible to process text in the IPA
without knowledge of its language (at least to a greater extent than for
other scripts) it needs to be treated differently from normal Latn
orthographies. Warning a user that some text is not in Latn is very
important.

Well that's my off the cuff attempt and you are welcome to
presuppositionally shoot it down (just as a number of people
presuppositionally say Lisu is Latin). As others have said, we are
dealing in grey areas here and the Latin script has been so productive
that when it comes to Latin things get very grey indeed.

Yours,
Martin


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Dear Peter,

> My vote is to add a script variant ID "Lphn" or "Latp" to 15924 and then register variant subtags denoting specific systems of phonetic transcription each listing "Lphn" (or "Latp") as a prefix. Thus, we'd have tags along the lines of "en-Lphn-intlphon", "chr-Lphn-amerphon", "bad-Lphn-dokephon". This allows 
>
> - matching content in some language whether using practical orthography or phonetic transcription
> - matching content in some language in phonetic transcription of any kind
> - matching content in some language in some specific system of phonetic transcription
>
> All of these are useful.
>   

My understanding of RFC 4646 is that extensions like intlphon need to be
registered *per language*. There seems to be no concept of script
extensions. So either we have to hide it behind a chr-Lphn-t-ipa-phn
(ipa phonemic) or do something else? But I may have misread the RFC.

Yours,
Martin


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Dear Peter,
> We're in the process of drafting a revised RFC, and one of the issues in the charter to be addressed is in this work is how to handle transcriptions and transliterations. We can make the new RFC do what we think we need it to; we're not constrained by the current RFC so long as we don't introduce a change that would break existing processes or invalidate existing tags.
>
> So, if we determine that the best solution to transcriptions and transliterations involves use of variant subtags that are constrained to a script but not a language, then we simply need to figure out what revisions to the doc should be made to achieve that.
>   

As part of that, may I request that the full tag be parsable into
language and script components without recourse to a dictionary. For
example that script components are easily identifiable by being say
first char capitalised. The reason for this is that there are generic
processes that while not needing to know what language some text in, do
need to know about script information. This of course also implies a set
of rules to turn language + script information back into a full tag.

TIA,
Martin

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Martin Hosken scripsit:

> As part of that, may I request that the full tag be parsable into
> language and script components without recourse to a dictionary. For
> example that script components are easily identifiable by being say
> first char capitalised. The reason for this is that there are generic
> processes that while not needing to know what language some text in, do
> need to know about script information. This of course also implies a set
> of rules to turn language + script information back into a full tag.

This is already so.  You can identify the subtags in a RFC 4646 tag
(excepting the few grandfathered ones) by a combination of subtag length
and the binary features +/-initial and +/-digits.

For example, a 4-character subtag that is -initial and -digits is a
script; an +initial tag is always a language regardless of other features.

Assembling a tag from subtags is even simpler: the order is always
language-script-region-variant.

-- 
Unless it was by accident that I had            John Cowan
offended someone, I never apologized.           cowan@ccil.org
        --Quentin Crisp                         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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Dear John,
>> As part of that, may I request that the full tag be parsable into
>> language and script components without recourse to a dictionary. For
>> example that script components are easily identifiable by being say
>> first char capitalised. The reason for this is that there are generic
>> processes that while not needing to know what language some text in, do
>> need to know about script information. This of course also implies a set
>> of rules to turn language + script information back into a full tag.
>>     
>
> This is already so.  You can identify the subtags in a RFC 4646 tag
> (excepting the few grandfathered ones) by a combination of subtag length
> and the binary features +/-initial and +/-digits.
>
> For example, a 4-character subtag that is -initial and -digits is a
> script; an +initial tag is always a language regardless of other features.
>
> Assembling a tag from subtags is even simpler: the order is always
> language-script-region-variant.
>   

I was thinking more about script variant subtags. Thus splitting
en-Latn-UK-glasgow-Ipapt into en-UK-glasgow and Latn-Ipapt and then
putting it back together without having to know much about glasgow or
Ipapt. Or should that be en-Latn-UK-Ipapt-glasgow? (Glaswegian English
written in IPA phonetically).

Yours,
Martin


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Peter Constable wrote:
> 
> So, if we determine that the best solution to transcriptions 
 > and transliterations involves use of variant subtags that
 > are constrained to a script but not a language, then we
 > simply need to figure out what revisions to the doc
 > should be made to achieve that.

::shudder:: I think that's a perfectly awful idea for how to handle 
transcription/transliteration. I think extensions are entirely the best 
way to handle this very specialized kind of language identification.

However, only a very tiny modification would be necessary for what you 
desire. Currently we use Basic Language Ranges for Prefix. Changing to 
Extended Language Range would do what you want:

Type: variant
Subtag: polyton
Prefix: *-Grek
Comments: This variant can also be applied to languages
    with a Suppress-Script of 'Grek'


If we relax the prefix check on variants, this works functionally too.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From: "Jukka K. Korpela" <jkorpela@cs.tut.fi>
To: ltru@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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On Wed, 13 Sep 2006, John Cowan wrote:

> IPA and its rivals don't have case either, something you have said
> in the past is fundamental to the nature of the Latin script (and
> I agree).

Under such an interpretation, Latin was not written using the Latin script 
before the middle ages. Actually, even noways, Latin is often written 
unicamerally, in all uppercase or in all lowercase.

The concept of "script" as in "the Latin script", "the Cyrillic script", 
etc., is a very high-level abstraction. The way I see things, a "script" 
in that sense is a collection of writing systems that share are common 
origin and have not diverged too much as regards to their basic symbols.
The invention of lowercase letters vs. uppercase letters does not seem
to constitute a fundamental phenomenon in this respect.

The nature of IPA writing can be interpreted in different ways: it could 
be treated as being based on the Latin script but with a very large number 
of additions (and somewhat artificial changes to meanings of letters), or
as a separate script of eclectic origin. The latter would be more natural.
In particular, I can take, say, a Russian word and write it normally
(using Cyrillic letters), or as transliterated (romanized, using Latin 
letters) according to some scheme, or phonetically using IPA, according to 
some pronunciation. Wouldn't it be appropriate these as using three 
different scripts? The fact that some IPA letters have been coded in 
Unicode as identical to some Latin letters was just a practical choice and 
does not change the identity of the script - any more than the identity of 
the Cyrillic script would have been changed if Cyrillic "A" had been 
encoded as the same as Latin "A", etc.

-- 
Jukka "Yucca" Korpela, http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/


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I think that all of these transcription forms are equivalent.

en-Latn-ipalpha
en-Latn-lepsius
en-Latn-webster
en-Latn-johnson
en-Latn-encarta
en-Latn-duden
zh-Latn-pinyin
zh-Latn-wadegiles
zh-Latn-ipalpha

So to reiterate, I am not convinced that IPA Latin orthography 
differs from Library of Congress Latin orthography or Chicago Manual 
of Style Latin orthography (for Russian or for Georgian 
transcription, for instance) and so it seems to me that those 
orthographies are all subtags of Latin, not a primary variant like 
Latf and Latg.

Transcription of Chinese in Pinyin isn't materially different from 
transcription of Chinese in IPA.
-- 
Michael Everson * http://www.evertype.com

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Date: Thu, 14 Sep 2006 08:53:41 +0100
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At 17:35 -0700 2006-09-13, Mark Davis wrote:
>I agree. I think the main issue is that what=20
>constitutes a script is somewhat fuzzy, and what=20
>constitutes a script variant much more so.
>
>I don't see any clear reason why Hant (vs Hans)=20
>or Latf (vs Latn) is an appropriate distinction,=20
>and yet IPA is not. For Hant and IPA, both are=20
>choices of repertoires used to represent a=20
>written form. Both make a dramatic difference to=20
>users. For Latf, it is even less plain why it is=20
>somehow deserving of a distinction as a script=20
>variant and yet IPA is not.

Latf and Latg are distinguished in ISO 15924=20
because Librarians (it is a TC46 standard) may=20
need to distinguish a published edition of "Der=20
Blechtrommel" or "An tOile=E1nach" (in terms of=20
accessibility or legibility to modern readers) as=20
being in Roman or Fraktur/Gaelic script. These=20
script variants each cover a range of related=20
font styles which are distinct from Roman Latin.

Polytonic Greek uses the same script as Monotonic=20
Greek. It uses all the same letters, alpha to=20
omega, plus PSILI and DASIA and PERISPOMENI and=20
VARIA and YPIGEGRAMMENI and PROSGEGRAMMENI. Right=20
there. You're deceiving yourself by the fact that=20
the U+1F00 block has a lot of glyphs in it that=20
there is some "script" difference because you=20
think this might make some sort of programming=20
easier. That is my guess anyway. Because=20
Monotonic + 6 additional Greek characters does=20
not =3D a script variant like Latf or Latg. The=20
script variants are not orthographies. ISO 15924=20
isn't designed for that kind of distinction, and=20
it would be wrong to introduces such a practice.

With RFC 4646, however, you could distinguish the=20
orthographies with *Grek-polyton and=20
*Grek-monoton if you wished.

Similarly, IPA is an *orthography* which uses=20
Latin letters, and it is not a script. Could you=20
not use *Latn-ipalpha? Because as far as I can=20
see that is what you want anyway. Here's why.

Russian is your language. You can write ru-Cyrl.=20
You can write ru-Latn. Ah, but ru-Latn refers to=20
some usual orthographic form of Russian in Latin=20
letters. You might need to make this more=20
precise. ru-Latn-libcong or ru-Latn-ipalpha. Or=20
ru-Latn-uralphon, or ru-Latn-lepsius, or=20
ru-Latn-chicago etc etc etc.
-- 
Michael Everson * http://www.evertype.com

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 06:41:51 2006
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Date: Thu, 14 Sep 2006 17:44:12 +0900
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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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As a technical contributor, I think that the Greek monotonic/polytonic distinction does not merit a script distinction, but that IPA can
easily be handled as a script. Good arguments for handling IPA
that way have been brought up by many people, I don't want to
repeat them.

Given my above judgement, I don't understand why e.g. the mail below
talks about Greek in detail while the mail it responds to didn't
mention Greek at all.

Regards,     Martin.

At 16:53 06/09/14, Michael Everson wrote:
>At 17:35 -0700 2006-09-13, Mark Davis wrote:
>>I agree. I think the main issue is that what constitutes a script is somewhat fuzzy, and what constitutes a script variant much more so.
>>
>>I don't see any clear reason why Hant (vs Hans) or Latf (vs Latn) is an appropriate distinction, and yet IPA is not. For Hant and IPA, both are choices of repertoires used to represent a written form. Both make a dramatic difference to users. For Latf, it is even less plain why it is somehow deserving of a distinction as a script variant and yet IPA is not.
>
>Latf and Latg are distinguished in ISO 15924 because Librarians (it is a TC46 standard) may need to distinguish a published edition of "Der Blechtrommel" or "An tOile$BaO(Bach" (in terms of accessibility or legibility to modern readers) as being in Roman or Fraktur/Gaelic script. These script variants each cover a range of related font styles which are distinct from Roman Latin.
>
>Polytonic Greek uses the same script as Monotonic Greek. It uses all the same letters, alpha to omega, plus PSILI and DASIA and PERISPOMENI and VARIA and YPIGEGRAMMENI and PROSGEGRAMMENI. Right there. You're deceiving yourself by the fact that the U+1F00 block has a lot of glyphs in it that there is some "script" difference because you think this might make some sort of programming easier. That is my guess anyway. Because Monotonic + 6 additional Greek characters does not = a script variant like Latf or Latg. The script variants are not orthographies. ISO 15924 isn't designed for that kind of distinction, and it would be wrong to introduces such a practice.
>
>With RFC 4646, however, you could distinguish the orthographies with *Grek-polyton and *Grek-monoton if you wished.
>
>Similarly, IPA is an *orthography* which uses Latin letters, and it is not a script. Could you not use *Latn-ipalpha? Because as far as I can see that is what you want anyway. Here's why.
>
>Russian is your language. You can write ru-Cyrl. You can write ru-Latn. Ah, but ru-Latn refers to some usual orthographic form of Russian in Latin letters. You might need to make this more precise. ru-Latn-libcong or ru-Latn-ipalpha. Or ru-Latn-uralphon, or ru-Latn-lepsius, or ru-Latn-chicago etc etc etc.
>-- 
>Michael Everson * http://www.evertype.com
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 03:17 06/09/14, John Cowan wrote:

>There's only one relevant power that be, and that's (qua ISO 19542
>Registrar, not qua LSTR), and he's already rejected it.  Good luck.

The way I read ISO 19542, these decisions are made by (qualified)
majority, not as implied above by a single person. Did I get something
wrong?

Regards,     Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 12:25 06/09/14, Peter Constable wrote:
>Content-Class: urn:content-classes:message
>Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
>From: Martin Hosken [mailto:martin_hosken@sil.org] 
>
>> I'm not asking for Americanist to be considered its own script, I'm not
>> asking for Pinyin to be its own script. So what is it about the IPA that
>> makes me think of it as a separate script?
>>
>> 1. It is a worldwide standard that dominates its field and is
>> immediately recognisable as such by anyone who can read it
>
>IMO a 15924 ID for Latin-based phonetic transcription would be appropriate. 

As a technical contributor, I disagree. If we have a script code for
Latin-based transcriptions, then we will get a script code for
Greek-based transcriptions, a script code for Cyrillic-based
transciptions, and so on. Not very orthogonal.

>But IMO it would not be appropriate to assign 15924 ID specific to some 
>systems of Latin-based phonetic transcription but not others. Latin-based 
>phonetic transcriptions should have one consistent mechanism of support in 
>IETF language tags.

In my view, it would not be appropriate to assign any script codes
to transciptions per se at all. But it would be appripriate to
assign script codes to things that can be recognized as scripts,
independent of whether they are used for transcriptions or not.

In that sense, I see a clear difference e.g. between Wade-Giles
and IPA. The clear goal of Wade-Giles is to write Chinese with
Latin letters. Tagging it as Latn is very clearly appropriate.
That it is a particular transcription, or in other words a
particular orthography of Chinese when written in Latin, is
secondary. We would like to figure out how to tag this secondary
aspect, but we shouldn't confuse that with the primary aspect
of using the Latin script.

The clear goal of using IPA is *not* to use the Latin script,
but to create a notation that is phonetically/phonemically
unambiguous. That a lot of characters in IPA are taken from
Latin, and some from Greek, is by convenience only. This is
similar to Cyrillic (borrowing from Greek), or Cherokee.


>My vote is to add a script variant ID "Lphn" or "Latp" to 15924 and then 
>register variant subtags denoting specific systems of phonetic 
>transcription each listing "Lphn" (or "Latp") as a prefix. Thus, we'd have 
>tags along the lines of "en-Lphn-intlphon", "chr-Lphn-amerphon", 
>"bad-Lphn-dokephon". This allows 
>
>- matching content in some language whether using practical orthography or 
>phonetic transcription
>- matching content in some language in phonetic transcription of any kind
>- matching content in some language in some specific system of phonetic 
>transcription

I don't want to say they are not. But while I think Michael is arguing
too much from a font designer viewpoint (hey, IPA doesn't need a new font,
just a few additional characters, and everything pretty much looks like
standard Latin, while e.g. Fraktur looks way different), your argument
above comes too much from a linguistic viewpoint.

In many cases, I think transcriptions can already be identified by
using a script other than the suppress-script (well, assuming we
got these more complete :-(.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From: Marion Gunn <mgunn@egt.ie>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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So I believe, also. BTW, so many msgs are pouring through this list =20
at the moment that I also believe nobody could read all and still do =20
a decent day's work elsewhere, so this comment of mine is offered on =20
the basis that, although I have not read all of that barrage of msgs, =20=

my gut professional feeling is that a tag for IPA would be a Good =20
Thing For All.

As recently as 3 days ago, I was asked to supply Irish texts written =20
in IPA for a rather exciting, cutting-edge, project - while I could =20
supply some, there was no pointer I could supply for a live Net =20
search for more.
mg

On 14 Sep 2006, at 05:00, scr=EDobh Jukka K. Korpela:
> ...
>
> The fact that some IPA letters have been coded in Unicode as =20
> identical to some Latin letters was just a practical choice and =20
> does not change the identity of the script - any more than the =20
> identity of the Cyrillic script would have been changed if Cyrillic =20=

> "A" had been encoded as the same as Latin "A", etc.

On 14 Sep 2006, at 08:44, scr=EDobh Martin Duerst:
> As a technical contributor, I think that the Greek monotonic/=20
> polytonic distinction does not merit a script distinction, but that =20=

> IPA can
> easily be handled as a script. Good arguments for handling IPA
> that way have been brought up by many people, I don't want to
> repeat them.



- -
Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
* mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *


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+1=20

Debbie Garside

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Marion Gunn [mailto:mgunn@egt.ie]=20
> Sent: 14 September 2006 13:05
> To: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
>=20
> So I believe, also. BTW, so many msgs are pouring through=20
> this list at the moment that I also believe nobody could read=20
> all and still do a decent day's work elsewhere, so this=20
> comment of mine is offered on the basis that, although I have=20
> not read all of that barrage of msgs, my gut professional=20
> feeling is that a tag for IPA would be a Good Thing For All.
>=20
> As recently as 3 days ago, I was asked to supply Irish texts=20
> written in IPA for a rather exciting, cutting-edge, project -=20
> while I could supply some, there was no pointer I could=20
> supply for a live Net search for more.
> mg
>=20
> On 14 Sep 2006, at 05:00, scr=EDobh Jukka K. Korpela:
> > ...
> >
> > The fact that some IPA letters have been coded in Unicode=20
> as identical=20
> > to some Latin letters was just a practical choice and does=20
> not change=20
> > the identity of the script - any more than the identity of the=20
> > Cyrillic script would have been changed if Cyrillic "A" had been=20
> > encoded as the same as Latin "A", etc.
>=20
> On 14 Sep 2006, at 08:44, scr=EDobh Martin Duerst:
> > As a technical contributor, I think that the Greek monotonic/=20
> > polytonic distinction does not merit a script distinction, but that=20
> > IPA can easily be handled as a script. Good arguments for=20
> handling IPA=20
> > that way have been brought up by many people, I don't want=20
> to repeat=20
> > them.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> - -
> Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
> 27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
> Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
> * mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20





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On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 12:22:00AM -0400,
 John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote 
 a message of 29 lines which said:

> This is already so.  You can identify the subtags in a RFC 4646 tag
> (excepting the few grandfathered ones) by a combination of subtag
> length and the binary features +/-initial and +/-digits.

Yes (but see later for a counter-example), but may be he wanted
something that could be parsed by a simple engine, such as a regexp
engine, without requiring a full parser?
 
> For example, a 4-character subtag that is -initial and -digits is a
> script;

I do not think so, it depends on the context. In fr-x-abcd, 'abcd' is
not a script.




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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> John points out that these tags have meanings defined by the 3066 
> registration process, which is true. I don't have a problem with 
> deprecating the tags and it is probably best to include said 
> deprecation in the registry so that users will migrate to the new 
> tags. However... it *does* mean that we'll be breaking our own 
> precedent and (potentially) breaking someone's tags.

The only action I can see that would break anything would be to redefine 
the registered meaning of "sgn-US" away from ASL and back to its 
generative meaning.  And because you pointed out the clause about 
"broadening the meaning" of Registry entries, I'm not even sure that is 
at issue.

We should be able to use the mechanisms we designed (in this case, 
deprecation and Preferred-Value) to solve the problems we face.  This 
thread sounds as though someone else made the rules, and we are walking 
around with a screwdriver trying to figure out how to work around them.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which is 
> a widening of ASL. To perform that action, actually just dropping from 
> the registry would work. Every tag that was well-formed and valid 
> beforehand is also afterwards; and the semantic is broadened. I'd have 
> to read the rules again to see if that is permitted, however.

It's only a question of *which* rule we want to relax: the one in 
Section 3.3 about not removing entries from the set of grandfathered and 
redundant tags, or the one in Section 3.1 about not adding a 
Preferred-Value to an existing entry that is not "grandfathered" or 
"region".

What caused all this trouble was the practice of registering tags under 
RFC 3066 that were syntactically valid under RFC 3066, but carried a 
different meaning, and adding a clause to RFC 3066 that sanctioned this 
practice on the basis of "register[ing] information with the IANA about 
a tag defined by this document."  We now have a set of "redundant" tags 
that are NOT truly redundant: they do NOT mean the same thing as a whole 
as by analyzing the pieces separately.  This makes them fundamentally 
different from truly "redundant" tags such as "yi-latn" and "es-419".

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> UTF-8 is far superior to markup, in my (biased, Unicadette) opinion, 
>> since it makes the file plain text in a well-known, well-declared, 
>> highly-desirable encoding.
>
> Yes.  Not the maximal Latin-1 compatibility IFF you're willing to 
> spend up to 7 octets.  But apparently the optimal encoding for maximal 
> ASCII compatibility.

Actually up to 8 octets for the NCR format:  [ & # x 2 0 1 9 ; ]

I don't think it's been established that Latin-1 compatibility is a goal 
for an IANA registry.

>> perhaps we should leave well enough alone.
>
> Yes, for other reasons like not annoying folks who implemented 4646 
> validators (probably there are many more than only Doug, Stephane, and 
> you).

I hope my earlier message made it clear that I do not mind redesigning 
my software for a different format, if the different format is judged 
better in some way.  Old-timers may remember that the Registry was once 
planned to be bar-delimited, one line per entry, and I had to change my 
software when we moved to record-jar.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 10:09:56 2006
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Registry Format (was UTF-8)
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Hi 

I apologise if you have already discussed this; I'm playing catchup after a
Name Server error destroyed my email.

>From the a non-technical aspect, I think the record jar format of the
registry sucks.  Can anyone see a situation where users will want to import
the data into proprietary software - such as an Access database?  For my own
purposes, I would like to and the present format is not at all human/user
friendly.  A nice tab or comma delimited format would suit me.  Or maybe I
have missed a way to import the data (I tried many moons ago).

Best regards

Debbie Garside

 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net] 
> Sent: 14 September 2006 14:50
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
> 
> Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:
> 
> >> UTF-8 is far superior to markup, in my (biased, 
> Unicadette) opinion, 
> >> since it makes the file plain text in a well-known, well-declared, 
> >> highly-desirable encoding.
> >
> > Yes.  Not the maximal Latin-1 compatibility IFF you're willing to 
> > spend up to 7 octets.  But apparently the optimal encoding 
> for maximal 
> > ASCII compatibility.
> 
> Actually up to 8 octets for the NCR format:  [ & # x 2 0 1 9 ; ]
> 
> I don't think it's been established that Latin-1 
> compatibility is a goal for an IANA registry.
> 
> >> perhaps we should leave well enough alone.
> >
> > Yes, for other reasons like not annoying folks who implemented 4646 
> > validators (probably there are many more than only Doug, 
> Stephane, and 
> > you).
> 
> I hope my earlier message made it clear that I do not mind 
> redesigning my software for a different format, if the 
> different format is judged better in some way.  Old-timers 
> may remember that the Registry was once planned to be 
> bar-delimited, one line per entry, and I had to change my 
> software when we moved to record-jar.
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 03:09:37PM +0100,
 Debbie Garside <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote 
 a message of 80 lines which said:

> From the a non-technical aspect,

>From a technical aspect, remember that there are many possible formats
for structured data and there is little chance of a consensus, even a
rough one, on the "best" format. That's why, although I personnaly
prefer XML, I have sympathy for the people who say "Do not touch it,
do not reopen the discussion".

> Can anyone see a situation where users will want to import the data
> into proprietary software - such as an Access database?

Sure, see later for a possible solution.

> A nice tab or comma delimited format would suit me.

CSV and similar formats have two big problems, for the *authoritative*
copy of the registry:

1) They cannot handle structure of more than one level (not a problem
for the language tag registry)

2) And, more important, they are not self-documented. When you find a
JSON, XML or record-jar file, even if you have never seen these
formats, you can reverse-engineer them and the field names are
present. With CSV, you are lost.

> Or maybe I have missed a way to import the data (I tried many moons
> ago).

Since there will be no consensus and because there are many use-cases
such as "Import to Access" or "Process with awk", I suggest the
following:

1) Let the reference format be record-jar, in the name of stability,

2) Create somewhere a Web site with translation tools *and the
results* of these translations. That way, we will still have one
authoritative form but people looking for such or such formats will be
happy.

I do not know if IANA (which seems quite busy) can handle this but we,
as a community, certainly can. I presume we will not lack volunteers
to produce recordjar2anything converters in Awk, Visual Basic, Haskell
or Perl ?

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 10:34:53 2006
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Good answer Stephane!

Let's hope someone creates those conversion tools.

Best regards

Debbie 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Stephane Bortzmeyer [mailto:bortzmeyer@nic.fr] 
> Sent: 14 September 2006 15:29
> To: Debbie Garside
> Cc: 'LTRU Working Group'
> Subject: Re: Registry Format (was UTF-8)
> 
> On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 03:09:37PM +0100,  Debbie Garside 
> <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote  a message of 80 lines which said:
> 
> > From the a non-technical aspect,
> 
> From a technical aspect, remember that there are many 
> possible formats for structured data and there is little 
> chance of a consensus, even a rough one, on the "best" 
> format. That's why, although I personnaly prefer XML, I have 
> sympathy for the people who say "Do not touch it, do not 
> reopen the discussion".
> 
> > Can anyone see a situation where users will want to import the data 
> > into proprietary software - such as an Access database?
> 
> Sure, see later for a possible solution.
> 
> > A nice tab or comma delimited format would suit me.
> 
> CSV and similar formats have two big problems, for the 
> *authoritative* copy of the registry:
> 
> 1) They cannot handle structure of more than one level (not a 
> problem for the language tag registry)
> 
> 2) And, more important, they are not self-documented. When 
> you find a JSON, XML or record-jar file, even if you have 
> never seen these formats, you can reverse-engineer them and 
> the field names are present. With CSV, you are lost.
> 
> > Or maybe I have missed a way to import the data (I tried many moons 
> > ago).
> 
> Since there will be no consensus and because there are many 
> use-cases such as "Import to Access" or "Process with awk", I 
> suggest the
> following:
> 
> 1) Let the reference format be record-jar, in the name of stability,
> 
> 2) Create somewhere a Web site with translation tools *and the
> results* of these translations. That way, we will still have 
> one authoritative form but people looking for such or such 
> formats will be happy.
> 
> I do not know if IANA (which seems quite busy) can handle 
> this but we, as a community, certainly can. I presume we will 
> not lack volunteers to produce recordjar2anything converters 
> in Awk, Visual Basic, Haskell or Perl ?
> 
> 
> 
> 





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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 10:40:16 2006
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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> > A nice tab or comma delimited format would suit me.
> 
> CSV and similar formats have two big problems, for the *authoritative*
> copy of the registry:
> 
> 1) They cannot handle structure of more than one level (not a problem
> for the language tag registry)

Actually, we do have such structure, though not explicitly.  Certain
line types such as "Prefix" can be repeated, implying a two level
structure Record >> Prefixes >> Prefix.

> 2) And, more important, they are not self-documented. When you find a
> JSON, XML or record-jar file, even if you have never seen these
> formats, you can reverse-engineer them and the field names are
> present. With CSV, you are lost.

3) Newly proposed records are passed around in email through most of their
lifetimes: from proposer to list to LSR to IANA.  Passing single very long
lines through email is not a very reliable process.  Furthermore, people
often want to put commas into description/comment fields, requiring
extra messy conventions using quotes or backslashes.  Tabs are worse
yet, since they are very easily transformed into spaces by mistake.
Record-jar involves a small block of lines none of which has to be very
long, thanks to the wrapping convention.

(I might have proposed JSON if I'd known about it at the time.)

-- 
Do what you will,                       John Cowan
   this Life's a Fiction                cowan@ccil.org
And is made up of                       http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
   Contradiction.  --William Blake

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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Actually up to 8 octets for the NCR format:  [ & # x 2 0 1 9 ; ]

Actually up to 11: [ & # x 1 0 F F F F ; ], although in practice nothing
more than 10 will ever be required.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
In computer science, we stand on each other's feet.
        --Brian K. Reid

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On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 03:34:42PM +0100,
 Debbie Garside <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote 
 a message of 71 lines which said:

> Let's hope someone creates those conversion tools.

My vision was more "community-oriented" (aka "Do It Yourself and Then
Share"): a volunteer sets up and runs the Web site (AFNIC, my
employer, certainly can host it) and then various volunteers submit
tools and translations of the registry (not all tools will run on the
platform used for the Web site, so not all translations will be
produced by the Web site administrator).

Of course, this will be a best-effort-no-warranty project, the
authoritative registry being at IANA only.

"Better to light a candle, than to complain about darkness"


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Stephane wrote:

> My vision was more "community-oriented" (aka "Do It Yourself and Then
> Share"): a volunteer sets up and runs the Web site (AFNIC, my 
> employer, certainly can host it) and then various volunteers 
> submit tools and translations of the registry (not all tools 
> will run on the platform used for the Web site, so not all 
> translations will be produced by the Web site administrator).

I think that is an excellent idea with one exception, the site should host
the translation/conversion tools and a link to the IANA Registry; that way a
translation would always be up-to-date and there would be no registry
conflicts. The tool could then be used when new Registry items are inserted
or the user can make a decision to update "by hand" (although this option is
inadvisable IMHO as it introduces human error).

> Of course, this will be a best-effort-no-warranty project, 
> the authoritative registry being at IANA only.

This would not be an issue if the "alternative" registry is not hosted.

> "Better to light a candle, than to complain about darkness"

We have the candle, just need a lighter! ;-)

Debbie
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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Martin Duerst wrote:
> 
> Does this change the meaning, or just make sure normative stuff
> is defined in a single place?
> 

It changes the meaning: Preferred-Value could then be registered for any 
record type, not just grandfathered and region. Formerly, this sentence 
prohibited registrations for the other types.

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
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Doug Ewell wrote:
> 
>> sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which is 
>> a widening of ASL. To perform that action, actually just dropping from 
>> the registry would work. Every tag that was well-formed and valid 
>> beforehand is also afterwards; and the semantic is broadened. I'd have 
>> to read the rules again to see if that is permitted, however.
> 
> It's only a question of *which* rule we want to relax: the one in 
> Section 3.3 about not removing entries from the set of grandfathered and 
> redundant tags, 

Absolutely no way we should relax this rule. It makes a mockery of even 
having redundant tags. GF and redundant are supposed to be a complete 
set of the registered values from 3066... so that people can see exactly 
what happened to the tags. If we want to deprecate a tag, let's 
deprecate it. But hiding it is bad.

or the one in Section 3.1 about not adding a
> Preferred-Value to an existing entry that is not "grandfathered" or 
> "region".

Currently, there is no way for us to deprecate language, extlang, 
script, or variant subtags, as well as redundant tags. The question we 
have to ask is whether we did this intelligently. Our thinking, 
expressed in the introduction to Section 3.4 (Stability), is "once 
canonical, always canonical for that meaning" and we had language 
subtags in particular in mind. Regions (countries, if we mean ISO 3166) 
do actually change over time, so included preferred-value registration 
there to accommodate it.

But... RFC 4646 contains Section 3.4, item 14, which suggests that we 
artificially created a contradiction in the rules:

--
Codes assigned by ISO 639, ISO 15924, or ISO 3166 that are withdrawn by 
their respective maintenance or registration authority remain valid in 
language tags. A 'Deprecated' field containing the date of withdrawal 
MUST be added to the record. If a new record of the same type is added 
that represents a replacement value, then a 'Preferred-Value' field MAY 
also be added.
--

By removing the prohibition in Section 3.1, we reduce the number of 
rules overall and put the rules in one place. Preferred-Values can be 
added to any record, which reduces our need to review and oversee ISO's 
decisions to cases in which they recycle codes.

> 
> What caused all this trouble was the practice of registering tags under 
> RFC 3066 that were syntactically valid under RFC 3066, but carried a 
> different meaning, and adding a clause to RFC 3066 that sanctioned this 
> practice on the basis of "register[ing] information with the IANA about 
> a tag defined by this document."   We now have a set of "redundant" tags
> that are NOT truly redundant: they do NOT mean the same thing as a whole 
> as by analyzing the pieces separately.  This makes them fundamentally 
> different from truly "redundant" tags such as "yi-latn" and "es-419".

Nothing says this in RFC 4646. If we intend to persist the registered 
meaning, we really should say so (and back out those records to 
grandfathered). But ultimately, I think the best course of action is:

1. Allow the registered meaning to remain, keeping the description (even 
though it could be broadened). Consider it historical.

2. Deprecate the redundant tag and provide the Preferred-Value (tell 
people what to do).

3. Relax in the knowledge that these tags are rare in practice and that 
we haven't hurt anyone (or anyone's content) in the process.

Addison



-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it doesn't work
very well -- the orthography really should be before the country so
that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion in archive
about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from multiple
sources.)

Unfortunately, as we've seen, the script JAC hasn't been willing to
add this, even though they have similar types of variation with Hant/s
and Latn/f. So in CLDR what we are planning to do is to use a
private-use script code for it.

el-Qaap
el-Qaap-<countries>

The same probably holds true of IPA: the orthography is fundamentally
much more important than the variation by country.

Mark

BTW, I really wish that Addison and I had been aware of the
unresponsiveness of the script JAC when we first decided that we
didn't need to have a mechanism for the registration of script codes!

On 9/13/06, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
> Peter Constable wrote:
> >
> > So, if we determine that the best solution to transcriptions
>  > and transliterations involves use of variant subtags that
>  > are constrained to a script but not a language, then we
>  > simply need to figure out what revisions to the doc
>  > should be made to achieve that.
>
> ::shudder:: I think that's a perfectly awful idea for how to handle
> transcription/transliteration. I think extensions are entirely the best
> way to handle this very specialized kind of language identification.
>
> However, only a very tiny modification would be necessary for what you
> desire. Currently we use Basic Language Ranges for Prefix. Changing to
> Extended Language Range would do what you want:
>
> Type: variant
> Subtag: polyton
> Prefix: *-Grek
> Comments: This variant can also be applied to languages
>     with a Suppress-Script of 'Grek'
>
>
> If we relax the prefix check on variants, this works functionally too.
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 11:46:58 2006
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To: "Stephane Bortzmeyer" <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Registry Format (was UTF-8)
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I agree; that's what we do for CLDR, for example. For example, for
French there is an XML file at:

http://unicode.org/cldr/data/common/main/fr.xml

Then there are translations (actually multiple ones, with different
slices of the data) at http://unicode.org/cldr/comparison_charts.html,
such as:

http://www.unicode.org/cldr/data/charts/summary/fr.html?hide

Mark

On 9/14/06, Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 03:09:37PM +0100,
>  Debbie Garside <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote
>  a message of 80 lines which said:
>
> > From the a non-technical aspect,
>
> >From a technical aspect, remember that there are many possible formats
> for structured data and there is little chance of a consensus, even a
> rough one, on the "best" format. That's why, although I personnaly
> prefer XML, I have sympathy for the people who say "Do not touch it,
> do not reopen the discussion".
>
> > Can anyone see a situation where users will want to import the data
> > into proprietary software - such as an Access database?
>
> Sure, see later for a possible solution.
>
> > A nice tab or comma delimited format would suit me.
>
> CSV and similar formats have two big problems, for the *authoritative*
> copy of the registry:
>
> 1) They cannot handle structure of more than one level (not a problem
> for the language tag registry)
>
> 2) And, more important, they are not self-documented. When you find a
> JSON, XML or record-jar file, even if you have never seen these
> formats, you can reverse-engineer them and the field names are
> present. With CSV, you are lost.
>
> > Or maybe I have missed a way to import the data (I tried many moons
> > ago).
>
> Since there will be no consensus and because there are many use-cases
> such as "Import to Access" or "Process with awk", I suggest the
> following:
>
> 1) Let the reference format be record-jar, in the name of stability,
>
> 2) Create somewhere a Web site with translation tools *and the
> results* of these translations. That way, we will still have one
> authoritative form but people looking for such or such formats will be
> happy.
>
> I do not know if IANA (which seems quite busy) can handle this but we,
> as a community, certainly can. I presume we will not lack volunteers
> to produce recordjar2anything converters in Awk, Visual Basic, Haskell
> or Perl ?
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
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Very sensible; I agree.

Mark

On 9/14/06, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
>
> Doug Ewell wrote:
> >
> >> sgn-US should simply mean "sign language as used in the US", which is
> >> a widening of ASL. To perform that action, actually just dropping from
> >> the registry would work. Every tag that was well-formed and valid
> >> beforehand is also afterwards; and the semantic is broadened. I'd have
> >> to read the rules again to see if that is permitted, however.
> >
> > It's only a question of *which* rule we want to relax: the one in
> > Section 3.3 about not removing entries from the set of grandfathered and
> > redundant tags,
>
> Absolutely no way we should relax this rule. It makes a mockery of even
> having redundant tags. GF and redundant are supposed to be a complete
> set of the registered values from 3066... so that people can see exactly
> what happened to the tags. If we want to deprecate a tag, let's
> deprecate it. But hiding it is bad.
>
> or the one in Section 3.1 about not adding a
> > Preferred-Value to an existing entry that is not "grandfathered" or
> > "region".
>
> Currently, there is no way for us to deprecate language, extlang,
> script, or variant subtags, as well as redundant tags. The question we
> have to ask is whether we did this intelligently. Our thinking,
> expressed in the introduction to Section 3.4 (Stability), is "once
> canonical, always canonical for that meaning" and we had language
> subtags in particular in mind. Regions (countries, if we mean ISO 3166)
> do actually change over time, so included preferred-value registration
> there to accommodate it.
>
> But... RFC 4646 contains Section 3.4, item 14, which suggests that we
> artificially created a contradiction in the rules:
>
> --
> Codes assigned by ISO 639, ISO 15924, or ISO 3166 that are withdrawn by
> their respective maintenance or registration authority remain valid in
> language tags. A 'Deprecated' field containing the date of withdrawal
> MUST be added to the record. If a new record of the same type is added
> that represents a replacement value, then a 'Preferred-Value' field MAY
> also be added.
> --
>
> By removing the prohibition in Section 3.1, we reduce the number of
> rules overall and put the rules in one place. Preferred-Values can be
> added to any record, which reduces our need to review and oversee ISO's
> decisions to cases in which they recycle codes.
>
> >
> > What caused all this trouble was the practice of registering tags under
> > RFC 3066 that were syntactically valid under RFC 3066, but carried a
> > different meaning, and adding a clause to RFC 3066 that sanctioned this
> > practice on the basis of "register[ing] information with the IANA about
> > a tag defined by this document."   We now have a set of "redundant" tags
> > that are NOT truly redundant: they do NOT mean the same thing as a whole
> > as by analyzing the pieces separately.  This makes them fundamentally
> > different from truly "redundant" tags such as "yi-latn" and "es-419".
>
> Nothing says this in RFC 4646. If we intend to persist the registered
> meaning, we really should say so (and back out those records to
> grandfathered). But ultimately, I think the best course of action is:
>
> 1. Allow the registered meaning to remain, keeping the description (even
> though it could be broadened). Consider it historical.
>
> 2. Deprecate the redundant tag and provide the Preferred-Value (tell
> people what to do).
>
> 3. Relax in the knowledge that these tags are rare in practice and that
> we haven't hurt anyone (or anyone's content) in the process.
>
> Addison
>
>
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>

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> 
> We should be able to use the mechanisms we designed (in this case, 
> deprecation and Preferred-Value) to solve the problems we face.  This 
> thread sounds as though someone else made the rules, and we are walking 
> around with a screwdriver trying to figure out how to work around them.
> 

(laughing) No, it is just that we probably know the rules better than 
others and can use them to achieve a useful end. In my opinion, like 
some of the other registrations pre-4646, the sgn-* registrations are 
ill-considered junk. If we had "i-asl" we wouldn't be having this 
conversation: we'd have a grandfathered tag and we'd deprecate the heck 
out of it. But instead we have these 
"well-formed-but-not-meaning-what-they-say" tags......

So deprecate them, but allow the registered meaning to persist for those 
that pay attention to such things.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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John Cowan wrote:

> up to 11: [ & # x 1 0 F F F F ; ], although in practice
> nothing more than 10 will ever be required.

My "7" was for a Latin-1 friendly UTF-4, not escape sequences:

Hex. 86 91 90 9F 9F 9F 9F (lead byte + 6 hex. digits), in that
form a legacy text viewer or editor could display 191 visible
Latin-1 characters as is, instead of "only" 95 ASCII for UTF-8.

Of course we can't use this for the registry, and we also won't
try BOCU-1.  But maybe IANA should offer a gzip-ped version.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 12:21:39 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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Mark Davis scripsit:

> We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it doesn't work
> very well -- the orthography really should be before the country so
> that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion in archive
> about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from multiple
> sources.)

Can you explain this more clearly?  The difference between polytoniko
and monotoniko orthographies *for the same variant of Greek* seems
to me very small.  To learn to read polytoniko, you learn that the
accent has three different shapes, all of which mean the same thing,
and that words beginning with vowel letters are preceded with either
a left-comma or a right-comma, both of which mean nothing.

Yannis Haralambous neatly classifies Greek into six major types:

* ancient, epigraphical orthography (no accents, breathings, or lower case)
* ancient, conventional orthography (three accents, two breathings, case)
* katharevousa (same)
* dimotiki in katharevousa context (same, spelling not standardized)
* polytoniko dimotiki (same, sometimes acute for grave)
* monotoniko dimotiki (one accent, no breathings)

-- 
No,  John.  I want formats that are actually       John Cowan
useful, rather than over-featured megaliths that   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
address all questions by piling on ridiculous      cowan@ccil.org
internal links in forms which are hideously
over-complex. --Simon St. Laurent on xml-dev

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From: Marion Gunn <mgunn@egt.ie>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
Date: Thu, 14 Sep 2006 17:22:52 +0000
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I think you have made a good argument for introducing such mechanism =20
ASAP.
mg
On 14 Sep 2006, at 15:39, scr=EDobh Mark Davis:

> We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it doesn't work
> very well -- the orthography really should be before the country so
> that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion in archive
> about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from multiple
> sources.)
>
> Unfortunately, as we've seen, the script JAC hasn't been willing to
> add this, even though they have similar types of variation with Hant/s
> and Latn/f. So in CLDR what we are planning to do is to use a
> private-use script code for it.
>
> el-Qaap
> el-Qaap-<countries>
>
> The same probably holds true of IPA: the orthography is fundamentally
> much more important than the variation by country.
>
> Mark
>
> BTW, I really wish that Addison and I had been aware of the
> unresponsiveness of the script JAC when we first decided that we
> didn't need to have a mechanism for the registration of script codes!

- -
Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
* mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *


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Marion wrote:

> I think you have made a good argument for introducing such=20
> mechanism ASAP.

I think Marion is right! But I am not sure now is the time to do it! The
main focus of this draft is to include ISO 639-3.  To detract too much =
from
that mission may be a mistake if we are to stay on target vis-=E0-vis
deadlines.  The question is, how long would it take to propose text and =
deal
with the ensuing debate?  That said, ISO 639-3 is not yet published. =20

Best regards

Debbie

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Marion Gunn [mailto:mgunn@egt.ie]=20
> Sent: 14 September 2006 18:23
> To: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
>=20
> mg
> On 14 Sep 2006, at 15:39, scr=EDobh Mark Davis:
>=20
> > We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it=20
> doesn't work=20
> > very well -- the orthography really should be before the country so=20
> > that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion=20
> in archive=20
> > about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from multiple
> > sources.)
> >
> > Unfortunately, as we've seen, the script JAC hasn't been willing to=20
> > add this, even though they have similar types of variation=20
> with Hant/s=20
> > and Latn/f. So in CLDR what we are planning to do is to use a=20
> > private-use script code for it.
> >
> > el-Qaap
> > el-Qaap-<countries>
> >
> > The same probably holds true of IPA: the orthography is=20
> fundamentally=20
> > much more important than the variation by country.
> >
> > Mark
> >
> > BTW, I really wish that Addison and I had been aware of the=20
> > unresponsiveness of the script JAC when we first decided that we=20
> > didn't need to have a mechanism for the registration of=20
> script codes!
>=20
> - -
> Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
> 27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
> Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
> * mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20





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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 14 16:40:46 2006
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I installed Internet Explorer 7 release candidate 1 on Monday.

Why do you care?

Well, you click on "Tools | Internet Options" and click the "languages" 
button. Click "Add" and feast your eyes on a lovely bunch of RFC 4646 
language tags.

Visible are tags with script subtags (quite a list of them), alpha3 
language subtags, and one with a UN M.49 region (in the tag "en-029"). 
There is still a fairly short arbitrary limit on tag length (16 
characters), but otherwise things look pretty cool. Interestingly, there 
are no tags for Simplified vs. Traditional Chinese (just regional 
variations).

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Subject: [Ltru] IANA and XML (Was: RFC 4645 on Initial Language Subtag
	Registry
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On Mon, Sep 11, 2006 at 09:23:59PM -0700,
 Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote 
 a message of 32 lines which said:

> Has anyone had any thoughts about that?  Any news about the supposed
> plan to move all IANA registries to XML?

Asked about that, Kim Davies (IANA), together with David Conrad (IANA
director) told me that IANA intended to resume this project "in the
next few weeks". So, if this is true (remember that IANA is often
quite busy), this may be an opportunity.


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
Date: Thu, 14 Sep 2006 14:28:18 -0700
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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
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I believe if you check our new charter, dealing with transcriptions and =
transliterations is part of the work plan, as well as incorporation of =
639-3.


Peter

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Debbie Garside [mailto:debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk]
> Sent: Thursday, September 14, 2006 9:36 AM
> To: ltru-bounces@ietf.org; ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
>=20
> Marion wrote:
>=20
> > I think you have made a good argument for introducing such
> > mechanism ASAP.
>=20
> I think Marion is right! But I am not sure now is the time to do it! =
The
> main focus of this draft is to include ISO 639-3.  To detract too much
> from
> that mission may be a mistake if we are to stay on target vis-=E0-vis
> deadlines.  The question is, how long would it take to propose text =
and
> deal
> with the ensuing debate?  That said, ISO 639-3 is not yet published.
>=20
> Best regards
>=20
> Debbie
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Marion Gunn [mailto:mgunn@egt.ie]
> > Sent: 14 September 2006 18:23
> > To: ltru@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
> >
> > mg
> > On 14 Sep 2006, at 15:39, scr=EDobh Mark Davis:
> >
> > > We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it
> > doesn't work
> > > very well -- the orthography really should be before the country =
so
> > > that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion
> > in archive
> > > about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from =
multiple
> > > sources.)
> > >
> > > Unfortunately, as we've seen, the script JAC hasn't been willing =
to
> > > add this, even though they have similar types of variation
> > with Hant/s
> > > and Latn/f. So in CLDR what we are planning to do is to use a
> > > private-use script code for it.
> > >
> > > el-Qaap
> > > el-Qaap-<countries>
> > >
> > > The same probably holds true of IPA: the orthography is
> > fundamentally
> > > much more important than the variation by country.
> > >
> > > Mark
> > >
> > > BTW, I really wish that Addison and I had been aware of the
> > > unresponsiveness of the script JAC when we first decided that we
> > > didn't need to have a mechanism for the registration of
> > script codes!
> >
> > - -
> > Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
> > 27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
> > Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
> > * mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
> >
> >
> >
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

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Peter Constable wrote:
 
> dealing with transcriptions and transliterations is part of
> the work plan

So far I think that eliminating generic variants before they
are abused to emulate extension registries could address this.

The extension registry can define its own rules, e.g. say that
tags with a t-whatever extension must always specify Latn (or
maybe never, anything that makes sense depending on t-whatever)

Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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Recognizability is not so much a problem as professional appearance
is. Consider once again (this is in the archives) the fallback issue,
the reason why script is higher than country. Consider the case where
I am constructing a document (eg web page) from multiple sources.

For source A, I have

<lang>-<region1>-<orthography1>
<lang>-<region1>
<lang>

for source B

<lang>-<region2>-<orthography1>
<lang>-<region2>
<lang>

What I get on the document if I ask for <lang>-<orthography1> or
<lang>-<regionX>-<orthography1> is a ransom-note-look, a mixture of
orthographies. Even if the orthographies are legible, it is not a
professional result. The reason for this is that the differences
between Hant and Hans, between polytonic and monotonic, etc. are much
larger than the differences between countries. And that is why part of
the design of language tags is that they be "big endian".

So as a practical matter, where the othographic distinction rises to
the point where it is more important than the regional differences,
you want it first.

<lang>-<orthography1>-<region1>
<lang>-<orthography1>
<lang>

for source B

<lang>-<orthography1>-<region2>
<lang>-<orthography1>
<lang>

What I get on the web page if I ask for <lang>-<orthography> or
<lang>-<orthography>-<regionX> is something that has a better
appearance.

This is the case for polytonic, and it even more clearly the case for
IPA. The difference between IPA and standard orthography clearly
completely swamps the difference between British and US spellings.

Mark

On 9/14/06, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote:
> Mark Davis scripsit:
>
> > We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it doesn't work
> > very well -- the orthography really should be before the country so
> > that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion in archive
> > about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from multiple
> > sources.)
>
> Can you explain this more clearly?  The difference between polytoniko
> and monotoniko orthographies *for the same variant of Greek* seems
> to me very small.  To learn to read polytoniko, you learn that the
> accent has three different shapes, all of which mean the same thing,
> and that words beginning with vowel letters are preceded with either
> a left-comma or a right-comma, both of which mean nothing.
>
> Yannis Haralambous neatly classifies Greek into six major types:
>
> * ancient, epigraphical orthography (no accents, breathings, or lower case)
> * ancient, conventional orthography (three accents, two breathings, case)
> * katharevousa (same)
> * dimotiki in katharevousa context (same, spelling not standardized)
> * polytoniko dimotiki (same, sometimes acute for grave)
> * monotoniko dimotiki (one accent, no breathings)
>
> --
> No,  John.  I want formats that are actually       John Cowan
> useful, rather than over-featured megaliths that   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> address all questions by piling on ridiculous      cowan@ccil.org
> internal links in forms which are hideously
> over-complex. --Simon St. Laurent on xml-dev
>

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Peter Constable wrote:
> I believe if you check our new charter, 
> dealing with transcriptions and transliterations
> is part of the work plan, as well as incorporation
> of 639-3.
> 

It is mentioned as a use case (along with sign languages).

I think there are several approaches we might take, but each has its
disadvantages.

Ducking the problem would probably work. I tend to prefer this option 
because I tend to think that most of these variations do not fit in with 
the traditional use of language tags or the requirements of most users 
of language tags. It is possible that there are things about a given 
piece of content that a language tag cannot completely identify and this 
may even be a good thing.

My problem is that transcriptions and transliterations tend to be linked
to specific languages/language pairs, scripts, or traditions. Usually, 
these processes are applied to a text to make it accessible to users of 
a different writing system or orthographic tradition--usually far 
removed from the traditional form of the source language. Such "wide 
gap" cases can often be identified well-enough with existing script 
codes or using other means. For example "en-Cyrl", "ru-Latn", and 
"zh-Latn" all convey the script and what was done to the text pretty 
well. Knowing the specific transcription scheme is valuable in some or 
even many cases, but unnecessary for most language tag uses.

I also think there are cases where ISO 15924 should reconsider what 
defines a "script". I don't think Mark's Greek cases are really 
"transcriptions" or "transliterations". The Greek case, for example, is 
just a separate writing tradition within the Greek language. One can 
speak of transcribing a text between the two traditions, but that is not 
the same degree of transformation as, say, recording your Chinese 
document in Latin script.

Thus, I think ISO 15924 should consider (since they have a vast
codespace of over 450,000 codes) defining some codes---perhaps special 
purpose "profile" codes---to describe specialized uses of particular 
scripts. The Greek case, various Japanese codes, and Hant/Hans fit that 
model: there is still a high degree of correspondence between the 
distinct cases, but clearly a different usage of the "script" or 
combination of scripts is taking place. IPA might fit here too: it is 
used to write many languages and represents a very specialized use of 
(mostly) Latin script.

So: I think that the WG should try to get ISO 15924 to consider the 
definition of scripts more carefully, while we should also suggest that 
specialists needing to identify the specifics of the 
transliteration/transcription process in a language tag work to develop 
an extension for that purpose.

What I don't think we should do is make up something.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>> It's only a question of *which* rule we want to relax: the one in 
>> Section 3.3 about not removing entries from the set of grandfathered 
>> and redundant tags,
>
> Absolutely no way we should relax this rule. It makes a mockery of 
> even having redundant tags. GF and redundant are supposed to be a 
> complete set of the registered values from 3066... so that people can 
> see exactly what happened to the tags. If we want to deprecate a tag, 
> let's deprecate it. But hiding it is bad.

I agree 100%.  I had to bring it up as "an" option, since Mark had 
suggested it, but it's not one I prefer.

> But... RFC 4646 contains Section 3.4, item 14, which suggests that we 
> artificially created a contradiction in the rules:

This actually doesn't surprise me, since these were among the most 
complex rules in one of the most bureaucratic parts of the document.

> By removing the prohibition in Section 3.1, we reduce the number of 
> rules overall and put the rules in one place. Preferred-Values can be 
> added to any record, which reduces our need to review and oversee 
> ISO's decisions to cases in which they recycle codes.

Sounds good, especially the part about putting the rules in one place.

> Nothing says this in RFC 4646. If we intend to persist the registered 
> meaning, we really should say so (and back out those records to 
> grandfathered).

Hold on.  They are semantically grandfathered, but syntactically 
redundant.  They consist wholly of subtags that could be combined to 
form a valid tag.  That is central to the concept of "grandfathered" and 
we should not change this definition.

> But ultimately, I think the best course of action is:
>
> 1. Allow the registered meaning to remain, keeping the description 
> (even though it could be broadened). Consider it historical.

Figuratively, of course.  There is no such formal category in the 
Registry (like "Deprecated") and I assume you are not proposing one.

> 2. Deprecate the redundant tag and provide the Preferred-Value (tell 
> people what to do).
>
> 3. Relax in the knowledge that these tags are rare in practice and 
> that we haven't hurt anyone (or anyone's content) in the process.

I agree with all of this.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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Hello Mark,

At 00:39 06/09/15, Mark Davis wrote:
>We currently use a variant in CLDR for polytonic. But it doesn't work
>very well -- the orthography really should be before the country so
>that you get fallback working properly. (Cf long discussion in archive
>about use cases, such as fallback when mixing content from multiple
>sources.)
>
>Unfortunately, as we've seen, the script JAC hasn't been willing to
>add this, even though they have similar types of variation with Hant/s
>and Latn/f. So in CLDR what we are planning to do is to use a
>private-use script code for it.

This will be highly non-interoperable, I guess.

I think we should be careful to distinguish two things:

1) Scripts
2) Orthographies

I think you have given good arguments (in a separate mail) why
major orthographic diffenences such as simplified/traditional
for Chinese or monotonic/polytonic for Greek are in many cases
more important than country differences.

But there is a difference between orthography and script. It would
be a bad idea if we ended up saying that anything that's arguably
more important than a country difference is a script difference.

What would look optimal to me would be to have variants after
the script in certain circumstances, such as
el-Grek-monotonic-gr and
el-Grek-polytonic-gr.

>BTW, I really wish that Addison and I had been aware of the
>unresponsiveness of the script JAC when we first decided that we
>didn't need to have a mechanism for the registration of script codes!

You mean in RFC 4646?

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 01:13:10 2006
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I note that the LTRU 2.0 charter says to consider possibilities for 
tagging transliterations and transcriptions, specifically in the context 
of extlangs and variants (I would add "or extensions").  It does *not* 
say we should try to twist the arm of various ISO MA's and RA's to make 
their standards fit our needs.  If IPA does not fit the ISO 15924 
definition of "script," or if the Registrar and/or RA disagrees with 
adding it, then that is that and it is not our business to change that.

We saw something similar in LTRU 1.0 with ISO 3166.  If ISO 3166/MA does 
not find it within their policy to assign official country code elements 
for non-country entities, such as the European Union or OPEC or NATO or 
what have you, that is their call.  We can and should ask them to take 
stability measures that will not adversely affect their ability to 
assign new code elements, but asking them to change the scope of the 
standard goes well beyond that.  We can suggest, but I don't think we 
should flog.

(Note that I completely avoided the question of whether IPA is a flavor 
of Latin or a separate script; this was wholly intentional.)

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 01:22:56 2006
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> This is part of the general problem of transliteration/transcription, 
> which is not (yet) handled by the RFC 4646 framework.  The best 
> permanent answer is probably to create a -t-xxxx standardized 
> extension to 4646, as provided for, and to create a registration 
> authority to register and maintain codes for different 
> transliterations.

+1 with gusto.  This is the best use case for extensions that I have 
seen yet.  Most people agree that they are different in nature from 
either language, script, or the kind of "linguistic variety" usually 
associated with variants, and are too well-understood to be relegated to 
private-use.

Remove-from-right fallback should not be the main determinant of which 
subtags carry which information.  If that is so important, we should not 
have spent so much time developing a matching draft that offers better 
schemes.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 01:33:48 2006
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>    <t>For fields of type 'language' and 'extlang',
>      'Preferred-Value' contains the language production
>      (see <xref target="ABNF"></xref>) that is preferred
>      when forming the language tag. This can be simply a
>      'language' subtag, or it can be a 'language' subtag
>      followed by an extended language sequence.</t>

This isn't for the redundant "sgn-XX" tags.  What was the intended use 
for this again?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 01:49:50 2006
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Doug Ewell scripsit:
> Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
> 
> >   <t>For fields of type 'language' and 'extlang',
> >     'Preferred-Value' contains the language production
> >     (see <xref target="ABNF"></xref>) that is preferred
> >     when forming the language tag. This can be simply a
> >     'language' subtag, or it can be a 'language' subtag
> >     followed by an extended language sequence.</t>
> 
> This isn't for the redundant "sgn-XX" tags.  What was the intended use 
> for this again?

639 going off the rails: we register the replacement tag with a
Preferred-Value of the existing tag.

-- 
There are three kinds of people in the world:   John Cowan
those who can count,                            cowan@ccil.org
and those who can't.

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Martin Hosken <martin underscore hosken at sil dot org> wrote:

> My understanding of RFC 4646 is that extensions like intlphon need to 
> be registered *per language*. There seems to be no concept of script 
> extensions. So either we have to hide it behind a chr-Lphn-t-ipa-phn 
> (ipa phonemic) or do something else? But I may have misread the RFC.

Extensions do not have to be language-specific AFAICT.  This would be 
completely dependent on how the extension RFC is written.  Unlike 
variants, this would work right out of the box, without any changes to 
the RFC 4646 wording.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 01:51:31 2006
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> I think extensions are entirely the best way to handle this very 
> specialized kind of language identification.

+1

> However, only a very tiny modification would be necessary for what you 
> desire. Currently we use Basic Language Ranges for Prefix. Changing to 
> Extended Language Range would do what you want:
>
> Type: variant
> Subtag: polyton
> Prefix: *-Grek
> Comments: This variant can also be applied to languages
>    with a Suppress-Script of 'Grek'

Big -1.  Introducing this kind of wildcard syntax into the Registry 
would be a highly effective way of reducing the number of conformant 
implementations.

> If we relax the prefix check on variants, this works functionally too.

I think extensions are entirely the best way to handle this very 
specialized kind of language identification.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Martin Hosken <martin underscore hosken at sil dot org> wrote:
> 
> >My understanding of RFC 4646 is that extensions like intlphon need to 
> >be registered *per language*. There seems to be no concept of script 
> >extensions. So either we have to hide it behind a chr-Lphn-t-ipa-phn 
> >(ipa phonemic) or do something else? But I may have misread the RFC.
> 
> Extensions do not have to be language-specific AFAICT.  

I think Martin means variants rather than extensions.

-- 
John Cowan    http://ccil.org/~cowan    cowan@ccil.org
Mr. Henry James writes fiction as if it were a painful duty.  --Oscar Wilde

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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>>>   <t>For fields of type 'language' and 'extlang',
>>>     'Preferred-Value' contains the language production
>>>     (see <xref target="ABNF"></xref>) that is preferred
>>>     when forming the language tag. This can be simply a
>>>     'language' subtag, or it can be a 'language' subtag
>>>     followed by an extended language sequence.</t>
>>
>> This isn't for the redundant "sgn-XX" tags.  What was the intended 
>> use for this again?
>
> 639 going off the rails: we register the replacement tag with a 
> Preferred-Value of the existing tag.

You mean like "yue" being moved out of the "zh" ("zho") macrolanguage 
umbrella, and/or being added to 639-2?

Type: language
Subtag: yue
Description: Chinese, Yue
Added: xxxx-xx-xx
Preferred-Value: zh-yue
Deprecated: xxxx-xx-xx
%%

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 02:09:38 2006
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> (I might have proposed JSON if I'd known about it at the time.)

I'll probably end up providing unofficial XML and JSON versions of the 
Registry.

The multiple-value problem (for example, Description) is one reason we 
abandoned the bar-delimited format.  We would have had to choose one 
ISO-provided description and ignore the rest:

language | es | Spanish | 2005-10-16 | Latn | |

or else use a subfield delimiter and pray it never appeared in real 
descriptions:

language | es | Spanish; Castilian | 2005-10-16 | Latn | |

--
Doug Ewell
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 02:14:42 2006
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Dear John,

>>> My understanding of RFC 4646 is that extensions like intlphon need to 
>>> be registered *per language*. There seems to be no concept of script 
>>> extensions. So either we have to hide it behind a chr-Lphn-t-ipa-phn 
>>> (ipa phonemic) or do something else? But I may have misread the RFC.
>>>       
>> Extensions do not have to be language-specific AFAICT.  
>>     
>
> I think Martin means variants rather than extensions.
>   

Sorry. Indeed I should have written variants rather than extensions.

As I see it we have a problem on our hands regarding scripts. I am not
just talking here about transliteration schemes, I'm talking about
scripts and script variants, including the Polytonic greek question, the
myriad of Arabic and Burmese and who knows what else script variants
that are out there. I think it is unreasonable to try to pressure ISO
15924 to become a standard aimed at supporting something it was designed
to support. But further than that we do need to acknowledge that many of
these things are script variants and not just new scripts (despite my
feelings about IPA :))

Mark has shown the difficulty of using the existing variant scheme for
scripts in that script variants, since they constitute writing systems,
have a greater effect on a text than does regional variation and that
because current variants are stored after the region identifier are
considered of lower importance.

I would like to offer a possible solution for people to consider/laugh
at/whatever.

I suggest that we introduce the concept of a script variant that
modifies a script subtag, that is valid for all languages and is only
scoped by the script it occurs following. The subtag shall be 4
characters long and start with an initial capital letter just like an
existing script subtag. Given the space within ISO 15924 I'm sure we can
come to some agreement over carving out a codespace for such variants.
Failing that we could make the variant start and finish with a capital
letter or use any capitalisation trick we feel like using to mark this
thing. Since it is exactly 4 chars long it looks like a script tag to
existing mechanisms (although if they are hyper strict they will get fed
up) and would occur before the region subtag and after the script tag.
They would be clearly identifiable since they are neither the right size
for a region subtag or a variant subtag.

The effect would be to add a mechanism of script variation that would
take priority over regions, be clearly identifiable and would resolve
many of the frustrations over ISO 15924.

I hasten to add that I am *not* suggesting this as a solution to the
transcription extensions issue, which I agree should be handled via an
extension. I *am* suggesting it as a solution to the scripts question
where a particular script variant may occur across many languages and is
identifiably different in some key respect (here unspecified) to the
script it is varying from.

Thank you for your consideration.

Yours,
Martin Hosken


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At 03:38 06/09/12, Addison Phillips wrote:

>I just submitted draft-00 to the I-D editor.

There is a 'changes from RFC 4646' section. Given material changes
from RFC 4646 are supposed to be small, but potentially very relevant
for implementing software, I think this section should be much more
precise.

>7. I cut down the acknowledgments list. I will add names as I incorporate textual suggestions.

This is fine, but:

1) it should not say that RFC 4647 is a precursor of this document, and
2) it should not say that Michael was the Language Subtag Reviewer
   since RFC 1766, because there was no Language Subtag Reviewer at
   that time.


Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> up to 11: [ & # x 1 0 F F F F ; ], although in practice nothing more 
>> than 10 will ever be required.
>
> My "7" was for a Latin-1 friendly UTF-4, not escape sequences:
>
> Hex. 86 91 90 9F 9F 9F 9F (lead byte + 6 hex. digits), in that form a 
> legacy text viewer or editor could display 191 visible Latin-1 
> characters as is, instead of "only" 95 ASCII for UTF-8.

First, you said UTF-8, not this.  Second, highly non-standard, but a fun 
thought experiment of the kind I used to indulge in.

I'm not sure why you chose 0x86 as your sequence introducer (U+0086 
START OF SELECTED AREA, or in Wnidows-1252, U+2020 DAGGER).  If all C1 
control bytes are available, you could make each sequence 1 byte shorter 
by marking the lead or trail byte specially:

81 90 9F 9F 9F 9F   <- lead byte 8x, all others 9x
81 80 8F 8F 8F 9F   <- trail byte 9x, all others 8x

"Terminal jockeys" such as Frank da Cruz (inventor of the Kermit 
protocol) would argue that C1 controls are also part of "Latin-1" and 
hence this format is still not Latin-1-friendly (a complaint that also 
used to be brought against UTF-8).

> Of course we can't use this for the registry, and we also won't try 
> BOCU-1.  But maybe IANA should offer a gzip-ped version.

BOCU-1 text tends to include a lot of bytes in the C1 range (0x80 
through 0x9F) and might not travel through e-mail very well.  And I 
still haven't received a clear answer about how patent-encumbered BOCU-1 
might be.

I like the gzip idea.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Subject: [Ltru] Messages from John Cowan not distributed everywhere? (Was:
	Registry Format (was UTF-8)
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On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 11:09:29PM -0700,
 Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote 
 a message of 29 lines which said:

> John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
> 
> >(I might have proposed JSON if I'd known about it at the time.)
> 
> I'll probably end up providing unofficial XML and JSON versions of the 
> Registry.

This is not the first time that I see a reply to John Cowan's messages
but not the message itself.

His message has been sent to the archives:

http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05512.html

but not to my servers. I grepped the message ID
(E1GNtIe-0004ss-Bs@megatron.ietf.org) in the logs of all our mail
servers (in case it has been eaten by a too eager anti-spam system)
but I've found nothing.

Some messages from John Cowan do arrive to my mailbox, so the problem
is mysterious.

Does anyone have an idea?

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--------------70443F234E95

Debbie Garside wrote:

> the present format is not at all human/user friendly.

Matter of taste, I like it.

>  A nice tab or comma delimited format would suit me.

I've no clue how you would handle multiple descriptions,
comments, or prefixes in such formats, you'd need two
separators, a field separator (tab or comma), and some
secondary separator.  And for that you would have to
escape these two separators somehow if they appear as
ordinary characters (e.g. a comma in a description).

Just for fun I've created a gawk-script to convert the
registry to XML - it still needs a DTD.  Does that help
you ?  See below.

Frank

--------------70443F234E95
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; name="ltru2xml.awk"
Content-Disposition: inline; filename="ltru2xml.awk"

#! /usr/common/bin/gawk -f
#
# usage: ltru2xml.awk file > file.xml
#
#### remove leading and trailing spaces ###########################
function STRIP( STR )
{              sub( /^[\t ]+/, "", STR )
               sub( /[\t ]+$/, "", STR )
               return STR
}
#### error ########################################################
function FATAL( STR )
{              print "error " NR ": " STR
               return 1
}
#### save unfolded field body #####################################
function FIELD()
{              if ( NAME == "description" )   D[ ++DD ] = BODY
               else if ( NAME == "comments" ) C[ ++CC ] = BODY
               else if ( NAME == "prefix" )   P[ ++PP ] = BODY
               else if ( F[ NAME ] == "" )    F[ NAME ] = BODY
               else exit FATAL( NAME ": " BODY )
               return
}
#### output collected record fields ###############################
function READY()
{              T = F[ "type" ]
               if ( T == "" ) exit FATAL( "missing type" )
               L = "<" T

               A = F[ "added" ]
               if ( A == "" ) exit FATAL( "missing date" )
               L = L " date='" A "' "

               S = F[ "subtag" ]
               if ( S == "" ) S = F[ "tag" ]
               if ( S == "" ) exit FATAL( "missing tag" )
               if ( F[ "tag" ] != "" && F[ "subtag" ] != "" )
                    exit FATAL( "conflicting subtag " S )
               print L "tag='" S "'>"

               S = F[ "preferred-value" ]
               A = F[ "deprecated" ]
               if ( A != "" )
               {    L = "    <deprecated date='" A "' "
                    if ( S == "" ) print L "/>"
                    else print L "tag='" S "' />"
               }
               else if ( S != "" )
                    exit FATAL( "missing deprecated" )

               while ( PP )
                    print "    <prefix tag='" P[ PP-- ] "' />"

               while ( CC )
               {    L = "    <comment> " C[ CC-- ]
                    print L " </comment>"
               }

               if ( DD == 0 ) exit FATAL( "missing description" )
               while ( DD )
               {    L = "    <description> " D[ DD-- ]
                    print L " </description>"
               }

               S = F[ "suppress-script" ]
               if ( S != "" && T == "language" )
                    print "    <suppress tag='" S "' />"
               else if ( S != "" )
                    exit FATAL( "unexpected Suppress-Script" S )

               print "</" T ">"
               return
}
#### init #########################################################
BEGIN          {    L = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" "
                    L = L "encoding=\"US-ASCII\" "
                    print L "?>"

                    DOCT = "ltru"
               }

#### record #######################################################
/^%%$/         {    FIELD()

                    if ( NN++ )    READY()
                    else
                    {    L = "<" DOCT " date='"
                         A = F[ "file-date" ]
                         if ( A == "" )
                              exit FATAL( "missing File-Date" )
                         print L A "' />"
                    }

                    for ( NAME in F ) delete F[ NAME ]
                    NAME = "" ;    CC = 0    ;    PP = 0
                    BODY = "" ;    DD = 0    ;    next
               }
#### field ########################################################
/^[A-Za-z0-9]/ {    FIELD()
                    if ( ! match( $0, ":" )) exit FATAL( $0 )
                    NAME = tolower( substr( $0, 1, RSTART - 1 ))
                    BODY = STRIP( substr( $0, RSTART + 1 ))
                    next
               }
#### LWSP #########################################################
/^ /           {    BODY = BODY " " STRIP( $0 )
                    next
               }
#### toast ########################################################
               {    exit FATAL( $0 )
               }
###################################################################
END            {    if ( NN++ )
                    {    FIELD()   ;   READY()
                    }
                    if ( --NN ) print "</" DOCT ">"
                    print NN " records processed" > "/dev/tty"
               }
--------------70443F234E95
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
 
> I grepped the message ID (E1GNtIe-0004ss-Bs@megatron.ietf.org)
[...]
> Does anyone have an idea?

That's the msg-id in Doug's references.  Doug reads the list
in digest format, it's not John's original msg-id.  Here's
his original article from GMaNe's POV:

news://news.gmane.org/20060914144013.GA337@ccil.org
http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.ltru/5502/raw

Frank



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On Fri, Sep 15, 2006 at 10:59:41AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 15 lines which said:

> That's the msg-id in Doug's references.  Doug reads the list in
> digest format, it's not John's original msg-id.  Here's his original
> article from GMaNe's POV:

Thanks but it is the same thing for 20060914144013.GA337@ccil.org, it
was never presented to my mail servers :-( So it does not seem to be
the fault of my anti-spam system.



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Martin Hosken wrote:

> a possible solution for people to consider/laugh at/whatever.

Picking whatever:  "Case insensitive" is a fundamental concept
in 1766 / 3066 / 4646, and the default for anything you do in
the IETF - the complete ABNF is per default "case insensitive"
(nothing elaborated, only US-ASCII).

Changing that is straight out.  Better try a similar idea with
an extension regitry, e.g. s-whatever for "script variants", or
s-Latn-whatever for "Latn-variants" (etc.)

The "whatever" part does not need its own registry, if anything
folks like to use goes you can say so in the required "s-" RFC.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> Type: language
> Subtag: yue
> Description: Chinese, Yue
> Added: xxxx-xx-xx
> Preferred-Value: zh-yue
> Deprecated: xxxx-xx-xx
> %%

Or vice versa:

Type: extlang
Subtag: bad
Description: Bad Chinese
Prefix: zh
Added: xxxx-xx-xx
Comment: Found to be no Chinese at all
Preferred-Value: bad
Deprecated: xxxx-xx-xx
%%



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 05:52:07 2006
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Dear Frank,
>> a possible solution for people to consider/laugh at/whatever.
>>     
>
> Picking whatever:  "Case insensitive" is a fundamental concept
> in 1766 / 3066 / 4646, and the default for anything you do in
> the IETF - the complete ABNF is per default "case insensitive"
> (nothing elaborated, only US-ASCII).
>   

Thanks for that.
> Changing that is straight out.  Better try a similar idea with
> an extension regitry, e.g. s-whatever for "script variants", or
> s-Latn-whatever for "Latn-variants" (etc.)
>   
No because the script variation needs to come before region in priority
terms.

In addition we need to indicate which extension marker marks a script
extension and which a language extension.

Yours,
Martin


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To: Martin Hosken <martin_hosken@sil.org>, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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The solution proposed by Martin Hosken seems to make quite a bit
of sense to me. I only see two problems:
- This would need a change to the RFC 4646 ABNF. This is serious.
- Everything related to lanuguage tags is case-insensitive. The
  proposal below contains some case rules; these should (and can
  easily) be dropped.

Regards,     Martin.

At 15:14 06/09/15, Martin Hosken wrote:
>I would like to offer a possible solution for people to consider/laugh
>at/whatever.
>
>I suggest that we introduce the concept of a script variant that
>modifies a script subtag, that is valid for all languages and is only
>scoped by the script it occurs following. The subtag shall be 4
>characters long and start with an initial capital letter just like an
>existing script subtag. Given the space within ISO 15924 I'm sure we can
>come to some agreement over carving out a codespace for such variants.
>Failing that we could make the variant start and finish with a capital
>letter or use any capitalisation trick we feel like using to mark this
>thing. Since it is exactly 4 chars long it looks like a script tag to
>existing mechanisms (although if they are hyper strict they will get fed
>up) and would occur before the region subtag and after the script tag.
>They would be clearly identifiable since they are neither the right size
>for a region subtag or a variant subtag.
>
>The effect would be to add a mechanism of script variation that would
>take priority over regions, be clearly identifiable and would resolve
>many of the frustrations over ISO 15924.
>
>I hasten to add that I am *not* suggesting this as a solution to the
>transcription extensions issue, which I agree should be handled via an
>extension. I *am* suggesting it as a solution to the scripts question
>where a particular script variant may occur across many languages and is
>identifiably different in some key respect (here unspecified) to the
>script it is varying from.
>
>Thank you for your consideration.
>
>Yours,
>Martin Hosken
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Doug Ewell wrote:

> I'm not sure why you chose 0x86 as your sequence introducer

Six is the number of trailing octets: 91909F9F9F9F (for John's
example u+10FFFF).

> you could make each sequence 1 byte shorter by marking the
> lead or trail byte specially

Yes, but then only 2 octets (80+81) would never occur (instead
of 11), and lost 9x bytes won't cause an error.  UTF-8 has now
13 "impossible" octets, and similar features.

> "Terminal jockeys" such as Frank da Cruz (inventor of the
> Kermit protocol) would argue that C1 controls are also part
> of "Latin-1" and hence this format is still not
> Latin-1-friendly (a complaint that also used to be brought
> against UTF-8).

Yes, you can only use UTF-8 or UTF-4 with legacy applications
for windows-1252, not with applications needing the C1 control
codes as is.  He could use UTF-1 (it protects C0, SP, DEL, C1)
or UTF-7.  For my local purposes UTF-4 is fine, my text editor
supports hex.  I'm less good with modulo 64 for UTF-8 by heart,
I need extra macros to decode / encode it.

>>  we can't use this for the registry, and we also won't try
>> BOCU-1.  But maybe IANA should offer a gzip-ped version.

> BOCU-1 text tends to include a lot of bytes in the C1 range
> (0x80 through 0x9F) and might not travel through e-mail very
> well.

It's as good or bad as UTF-8 (or in theory UTF-4) for that
purpose, with 8BITMIME or news you need no CTE, otherwise
you need B64 or QP.  If e-mail has a problem with 8 bits these
problems aren't limited to C1, it could be anything, likely a
parity bit.

> I still haven't received a clear answer about how patent-
> encumbered BOCU-1 might be.

IBM's statement in UTS #40 is "royalty-free".  I didn't ask
them for a US-license.  In the EU and some other parts of the
world it's AFAIK (and IANAL) a complete waste of time and money
to patent algorithms.  Patenting modulo 243 arithmetic is an
odd idea.  For UTF-4 (= modulo 16 with 64 lines CharMapML) it
would be ridiculous (but one of these 64 lines is a copyright,
just in case).

> I like the gzip idea.

lstreg6.txt        82218 (2006-08-04)
lstreg6.txt.gz     11788
lstreg6.xml       104627 (see my reply to Debbie)
lstreg6.xml.gz     12141

Matches your observations in UniCompress.  For the 4646bis
registry it makes sense for some folks (for me it's less
relevant, the V.90 bottleneck has its own compression)

Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> The solution proposed by Martin Hosken seems to make quite a bit
> of sense to me. I only see two problems:
> - This would need a change to the RFC 4646 ABNF. This is serious.

Not a big one; basically we would need to allow multiple script subtags,
just as we allow multiple variant subtags today.  Order is enough to
tell which is primary and which are secondary, so we need play no tricks
with case; and there is no ambiguity, because currently a well-formed
tag can have only one non-initial 4-letter subtag.

I'm not necessarily saying I approve of this, just saying it's not a
big deal technically.  Changing the ABNF at all is indeed a big deal in
terms of our commitments, however, so the sooner we decide to do this
or not do this the better.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   ccil.org/~cowan
Dievas dave dantis; Dievas duos duonos          --Lithuanian proverb
Deus dedit dentes; deus dabit panem             --Latin version thereof
Deity donated dentition;
  deity'll donate doughnuts                     --English version by Muke Tever
God gave gums; God'll give granary              --Version by Mat McVeagh

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On Thu, Sep 14, 2006 at 11:09:29PM -0700,
 Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote 
 a message of 29 lines which said:

> The multiple-value problem (for example, Description) is one reason we 
> abandoned the bar-delimited format.  We would have had to choose one 
> ISO-provided description and ignore the rest:
> 
> language | es | Spanish | 2005-10-16 | Latn | |
> 
> or else use a subfield delimiter and pray it never appeared in real 
> descriptions:
> 
> language | es | Spanish; Castilian | 2005-10-16 | Latn | |

Or escape it, which is better than praying :-)

Do note that, if you don't require round-trip perfection, non-escaping
is perfectly valid, for instance:

language | nv | Navajo / Navaho | 2005-10-16 |

cannot be translated back to the record-jar registry (if / appears
somewhere) but it may be a non-issue.

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To: Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] script tag for IPA
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Mark Davis scripsit:

> What I get on the document if I ask for <lang>-<orthography1> or
> <lang>-<regionX>-<orthography1> is a ransom-note-look, a mixture of
> orthographies. Even if the orthographies are legible, it is not a
> professional result.

I agree.

> The reason for this is that the differences
> between Hant and Hans, between polytonic and monotonic, etc. are much
> larger than the differences between countries. 

I'm not convinced, at least when it comes to mixed-toniko orthography.
I think that's a fault on about the same level as random mixtures
of "labor" and "labour", "center" and "centre" in an English document.
(Some very large documents actually tolerate this; no attempt is made
to keep the English-language Wikipedia consistent in this way.)

I simply don't think this is on the same scale as the badness of mixed
Hans and Hant (which may be downright illegible if you don't read Hant),
to say nothing of the badness of mixing proper Greek with frangovlaxika
(gr-Latn).

> So as a practical matter, where the othographic distinction rises to
> the point where it is more important than the regional differences,
> you want it first.

It may be that toniko distinctions are more important *in Greek*
than national ones, simply because national variants of Greek are
thin on the ground; I don't know.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
America! America!  God mend thine every flaw,
Confirm thy soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
        -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools

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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> The solution proposed by Martin Hosken seems to make quite a bit
> of sense to me. I only see two problems:
> - This would need a change to the RFC 4646 ABNF. This is serious.
> - Everything related to lanuguage tags is case-insensitive. The
>  proposal below contains some case rules; these should (and can
>  easily) be dropped.

- There are only 50 private-use code elements in ISO 15924, despite its 
huge capacity.  We cannot "carve out" an area beyond this.  Code 
elements starting with X and Z, for example, are already allocated.

- This adds yet another mechanism that is expected to be of limited 
use -- if it's not for transliterations or transcriptions, it's probably 
just for IPA and IPA-like systems.  Section 2.2.3 says we should be 
using variants for something like this.

- The "priority" argument applies only if such a subtag is used with 
regions and if we assume nobody will use extended matching.

-1.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Martin Duerst wrote:
 > The solution proposed by Martin Hosken seems to make quite a bit
 > of sense to me. I only see two problems:
 > - This would need a change to the RFC 4646 ABNF. This is serious.
 > - Everything related to lanuguage tags is case-insensitive. The
 >   proposal below contains some case rules; these should (and can
 >   easily) be dropped.


-1

Changing the ABNF is a horrible idea.

The proper "repair" to this issue is to fix ISO 15924. Multiple script 
subtags would be very difficult for users to understand and use 
consistently. And we'd have to deal with canonical ordering rules, 
prefix checking, and all sorts of other nastiness---all to figure out 
which Latin transcription was used? Bah.

Not to mention: if script variations aren't registered in 15924, where 
will they come from? What rules will be applied to their registration? 
Why does anyone think ietf-languages will be a good arbiter of said 
variations?

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 11:48:25 2006
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>> Changing that is straight out.  Better try a similar idea with
>> an extension regitry, e.g. s-whatever for "script variants", or
>> s-Latn-whatever for "Latn-variants" (etc.)
>>   
> No because the script variation needs to come before region in priority
> terms.

Extensions can semantically modify whatever one wants them to in the 
language tag. An implementation is free to ignore an extension, 
whereupon it will fall off the tag first.

> 
> In addition we need to indicate which extension marker marks a script
> extension and which a language extension.

No. You need to define what the semantics are for the specific 
extension. This could be that the extension describes script variation.

Addison

-- 
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This thread is very amusing, but, I think, not very useful. I think that 
using a widely-recognized, plain-text character encoding (UTF-8: "the 
new ASCII") would be a Good Thing. But changing which escape syntax we 
use, especially to use something, um, "unusual" like UTF-1 or BOCU-1, 
gives us nothing over using US-ASCII with some escape syntax (such as 
our existing NCR format).

So:

Is there any support for changing to UTF-8?

Addison

Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Doug Ewell wrote:
> 
>> I'm not sure why you chose 0x86 as your sequence introducer
> 
> Six is the number of trailing octets: 91909F9F9F9F (for John's
> example u+10FFFF).
> 
>> you could make each sequence 1 byte shorter by marking the
>> lead or trail byte specially
> 
> Yes, but then only 2 octets (80+81) would never occur (instead
> of 11), and lost 9x bytes won't cause an error.  UTF-8 has now
> 13 "impossible" octets, and similar features.
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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+1

Doug Ewell wrote:
> I note that the LTRU 2.0 charter says to consider possibilities for 
> tagging transliterations and transcriptions, specifically in the context 
> of extlangs and variants (I would add "or extensions").  It does *not* 
> say we should try to twist the arm of various ISO MA's and RA's to make 
> their standards fit our needs.  If IPA does not fit the ISO 15924 
> definition of "script," or if the Registrar and/or RA disagrees with 
> adding it, then that is that and it is not our business to change that.
> 
> We saw something similar in LTRU 1.0 with ISO 3166.  If ISO 3166/MA does 
> not find it within their policy to assign official country code elements 
> for non-country entities, such as the European Union or OPEC or NATO or 
> what have you, that is their call.  We can and should ask them to take 
> stability measures that will not adversely affect their ability to 
> assign new code elements, but asking them to change the scope of the 
> standard goes well beyond that.  We can suggest, but I don't think we 
> should flog.
> 
> (Note that I completely avoided the question of whether IPA is a flavor 
> of Latin or a separate script; this was wholly intentional.)
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Doug Ewell wrote:

> 
>> But ultimately, I think the best course of action is:
>>
>> 1. Allow the registered meaning to remain, keeping the description 
>> (even though it could be broadened). Consider it historical.
> 
> Figuratively, of course.  There is no such formal category in the 
> Registry (like "Deprecated") and I assume you are not proposing one.

Yes, of course. "Type: redundant" is pretty much "historical" anyway.


-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 15 14:42:16 2006
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Hi,

I support changing to unescaped UTF-8 for the registry
(consistent with the IESG policy in BCP 18 / RFC 2277).

But I also think Doug has it right that zipped content
as MIME attachments would be better, because the various
deployed email systems make raw UTF-8 (or any other UTF)
totally unreliable.

And if we move to XML with IANA concurrence, we'll get
UTF-8 anyway.

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]
> Sent: Friday, September 15, 2006 11:55 AM
> To: Frank Ellermann
> Cc: ltru@lists.ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
> 
> 
> This thread is very amusing, but, I think, not very useful. I 
> think that 
> using a widely-recognized, plain-text character encoding (UTF-8: "the 
> new ASCII") would be a Good Thing. But changing which escape 
> syntax we 
> use, especially to use something, um, "unusual" like UTF-1 or BOCU-1, 
> gives us nothing over using US-ASCII with some escape syntax (such as 
> our existing NCR format).
> 
> So:
> 
> Is there any support for changing to UTF-8?
> 
> Addison
> 
> Frank Ellermann wrote:
> > Doug Ewell wrote:
> > 
> >> I'm not sure why you chose 0x86 as your sequence introducer
> > 
> > Six is the number of trailing octets: 91909F9F9F9F (for John's
> > example u+10FFFF).
> > 
> >> you could make each sequence 1 byte shorter by marking the
> >> lead or trail byte specially
> > 
> > Yes, but then only 2 octets (80+81) would never occur (instead
> > of 11), and lost 9x bytes won't cause an error.  UTF-8 has now
> > 13 "impossible" octets, and similar features.
> > 
> 
> -- 
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> 
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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McDonald, Ira wrote:

> I support changing to unescaped UTF-8 for the registry

I'm opposed.

> (consistent with the IESG policy in BCP 18 / RFC 2277).

That's about new protocols, not text/plain files like
RFCs or the LTRU registry.

> if we move to XML with IANA concurrence, we'll get UTF-8
> anyway.

Several issues here:  Where does the "IANA will convert
everything to XML" rumour come from?  I saw no discussion
about this on the XML-dir list.  Numerous RFCs define
registries with text/plain registration templates, if
those templates are anything it's a kind of "record-jar".

IANA can't simply reformat all their registries when they
feel like it.

XML is perfectly able to support any charset.  UTF-16 and
UTF-8 are only the minimally supported encodings.  With
the required UTF-8 support implementations not supporting
US-ASCII would be odd.  For something like xml2rfc stupid.

Frank



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For the XML fans, below you find a possible DTD for the
ltru2xml script posted yesterday.  I've never tried that
before, probably it's clumsy.  The W3C validator accepts
it for a converted registry.

Frank

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone='yes' ?>

<!DOCTYPE ltru [
<!ELEMENT ltru (language*, extlang*, script*, region*, variant*,
grandfathered*, redundant*)>
<!ATTLIST ltru
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT language (suppress?, deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST language
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT extlang (prefix, deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST extlang
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT script (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST script
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT region (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST region
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT variant (prefix*, deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST variant
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT grandfathered (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST grandfathered
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT redundant (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST redundant
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT suppress EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST suppress
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT prefix EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST prefix
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>

<!ELEMENT deprecated EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST deprecated
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #IMPLIED
>

<!ELEMENT description (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT comment (#PCDATA)>
]>

<ltru date='2006-08-04'>
<language date='2005-10-16' tag='aa'>
        <description> Afar </description>
</language>
<!-- etc. --></ltru>



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To: Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> - There are only 50 private-use code elements in ISO 15924, despite its 
> huge capacity.  We cannot "carve out" an area beyond this.  Code 
> elements starting with X and Z, for example, are already allocated.

The capacity is not so large as it looks.  Every 4-letter code has a
corresponding 3-digit code, so the absolute limit is 1000 scripts, and
the first digit of the numeric code encodes the type of script
according to the following table:

0 - hieroglyphic/cuneiform
1 - RTL alphabets/abjads
2 - LTR alphabets/abjads
3 - abugidas
4 - syllabaries
5 - morphosyllabaries
6 - undeciphered
9 - private use, alias, special

-- 
Yes, chili in the eye is bad, but so is your    John Cowan
ear.  However, I would suggest you wash your    cowan@ccil.org
hands thoroughly before going to the toilet.    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --gadicath

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Dear Addison,
>
> The proper "repair" to this issue is to fix ISO 15924. Multiple script
> subtags would be very difficult for users to understand and use
> consistently. And we'd have to deal with canonical ordering rules,
> prefix checking, and all sorts of other nastiness---all to figure out
> which Latin transcription was used? Bah.

The registrar of ISO 15924 has indicated that he has no intention of
ever giving IPA a script code and that it is a variant of Latn. Perhaps
you can get him to change his mind, but I doubt it. So where does that
leave me? How do I tag text in the IPA script that can be in any
language? You are asking me to live between a rock and a hard place.

As Mark has stated, we need something to indicate that a script variant
is more significant than a region. For example, please prioritise the
aspects of "UK Glaswegian English written in IPA" in terms of the
components that have the most significance on the text and you will find
that UK comes last and Glaswegian second to last. But if IPA is marked
by an extension, it will come last.

I estimate that there are probably in the order of 10 scripts needing on
average 2-3 variants each. But that depends on what we see as being a
script variant.

In discussions with the ISO 15924 registrar on this, he seemed open to
the idea of extending the private use script code space. In addition, I
agree that since a script variant (in my 4 character scheme) would
always occur after a real script, there is no need to worry about
codespace overlap.
>
> Not to mention: if script variations aren't registered in 15924, where
> will they come from? What rules will be applied to their registration?
> Why does anyone think ietf-languages will be a good arbiter of said
> variations?

ISO 15924 hasn't scored too highly for us so far. Addressing what a
script variant really is will need some discussion, of course.

Remember that ISO 15924 isn't our standard to control. It's coming from
TC46.

In the meantime, please send me the form to request 7000 language
variants or extensions (since both are registered by language).

I would encourage folks to think about how the language tag can be made
productive. If every possible language tag in effect has to be
registered, it will push many tags underground and the x- extension
space will become far more popular than we might want it to be. I, for
example, have to deal with emerging writing systems and storing data in
them for archival purposes long before such writing systems are well
established (in some cases), if every such instance needs to be
registered RFC4646 will be seen as a bottle kneck to be worked around
rather than in collaboration with.

Yours,
Martin


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 00:14:18 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
Date: Fri, 15 Sep 2006 21:13:51 -0700
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> - There are only 50 private-use code elements in ISO 15924, despite 
>> its huge capacity.  We cannot "carve out" an area beyond this.  Code 
>> elements starting with X and Z, for example, are already allocated.
>
> The capacity is not so large as it looks.  Every 4-letter code has a 
> corresponding 3-digit code, so the absolute limit is 1000 scripts

Seen in that light, the percentage of total ISO 15924 code space 
allocated to private use (5.0 percent) compares well to ISO 639 (2.9 
percent), ISO 3166 (6.2 percent), and ISO 10646 (12.3 percent).  This is 
much better than 50 out of 456,976 possible 4-letter code elements, or 
0.00011 percent.

We still can't unilaterally carve out an area of the ISO 15924 code 
space for our own purposes.

I'd be tempted to write an RFC for the t- extension myself, as convinced 
as I am that that's the path we should be taking, but I'd have to set up 
and moderate a discussion mailing list and I have no time for that.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Martin Hosken <martin underscore hosken at sil dot org> wrote:

> The registrar of ISO 15924 has indicated that he has no intention of 
> ever giving IPA a script code and that it is a variant of Latn. 
> Perhaps you can get him to change his mind, but I doubt it. So where 
> does that leave me? How do I tag text in the IPA script that can be in 
> any language? You are asking me to live between a rock and a hard 
> place.

EXTENSIONS.  Somebody read Section 3.7, please.  This mechanism was 
added for a reason.

> As Mark has stated, we need something to indicate that a script 
> variant is more significant than a region. For example, please 
> prioritise the aspects of "UK Glaswegian English written in IPA" in 
> terms of the components that have the most significance on the text 
> and you will find that UK comes last and Glaswegian second to last. 
> But if IPA is marked by an extension, it will come last.

Then it would be really silly to include a region subtag, wouldn't it?

> In the meantime, please send me the form to request 7000 language 
> variants or extensions (since both are registered by language).

You're kidding, of course.  You really have examples of 7,000 languages 
written in IPA?  Awyi and Brokskat and Caluyanun and Dusner and all the 
rest?

Is everyone aware that extension subtags are NOT required to be specific 
to a single language?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> This thread is very amusing, but, I think, not very useful.

That's why I marked my last post on it [OT].

> I think that using a widely-recognized, plain-text character encoding 
> (UTF-8: "the new ASCII") would be a Good Thing. But changing which 
> escape syntax we use, especially to use something, um, "unusual" like 
> UTF-1 or BOCU-1, gives us nothing over using US-ASCII with some escape 
> syntax (such as our existing NCR format).

More to the point, changing from record-jar with hex NCR's to *anything* 
else has to be not just better, but "better enough."  The pain and 
instability caused by the change must be considered, and the benefits 
must outweigh them.

> So:
>
> Is there any support for changing to UTF-8?

I would support it on two conditions:

1.  We must be able to use UTF-8 in the I-D (4645bis) that delivers the 
Registry contents to IANA.  (It's OK if that means the I-D can't be an 
RFC.)  Asking IANA to convert NCR's into UTF-8 themselves would be a 
disaster.  The new Registry will have almost 500 non-ASCII characters.

2.  We have to maintain compatibility with the existing format, which 
means we must continue to escape the ampersand as &#x26; if one should 
ever find its way into the Registry.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Martin Hosken wrote:
 
> The registrar of ISO 15924 has indicated that he has no
> intention of ever giving IPA a script code and that it is a
> variant of Latn. Perhaps you can get him to change his mind,
> but I doubt it.

For the Unicode Consortium (the ISO 15924/RA) I've no idea how
appeals work.  You probably need a rejected "Latp" registration
request, and arguments why that decision violates ISO 15924 (?)

> As Mark has stated

BTW, Mark certainly knows everything about any "Unicode appeal
process", if it exists.  Almost all contributors here are in
some way Unicode members, Randy (maybe) and I are exceptions.

If they don't know how to overrule their appointed registrar -
maybe he's simply right and IPA is no script or variant as
defined in the standard ?  I've just read the page about the
ISO 15924 history - the author of the rules would know what
they mean.

For RFC 4646bis I hope that we'll add a requirement that the
subtag reviewer MUST indicate that (s)he has read the RFC, and
is willing to implement it, and is appointed for a defined 
period of time, ideally by the IETF NomCom.  Or something in
that direction, making sure that the reviewer has still read
and write access on the review list - at the moment that isn't
relevant for the language list, but for other review lists it
can be an issue if they're silent for months (or even years).

> In discussions with the ISO 15924 registrar on this, he
> seemed open to the idea of extending the private use script
> code space.

Apparently there's also the possibility to reserve codes if
they are rejected by the JAC.  At the moment that won't help
you, because reserved codes can't be used in language tags -
same idea as EU wrt country codes.  "Officially", of course
you're always free to do what you want as long as you don't
claim to follow rules after you've clearly broken them... :-)

> In addition, I agree that since a script variant (in my 4
> character scheme) would always occur after a real script,
> there is no need to worry about codespace overlap.

It would break all 4646 parsers.  It would also break a main
feature of 4646, minus grandfathered cruft you can decompose
a tag into subtags, and you always know what each subtag is
if you keep the leading hyphen:  -1234 => must be a variant, 
-abcd => must be a script, -123 => must be an UN M.49 number,
-ab => must be a 3166 CC, -abc => extlang, abc => language,
ab => language, abcd => language (not yet possible), etc.

You can also recreate the original tag from its pieces to a
certain degree.  For extlang and variant you need the prefix
as noted in the registry, for generic variants you lose, but
maybe 4646bis kills generic variants by one s/SHOULD/MUST/.

Frank



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> For the XML fans, below you find a possible DTD

Now I tried to add the XREF feature from my REXX registry
validator to the DTD (see below).  That resulted in three
special cases:

zh-cmn  We have no extlang cmn at the moment, therefore I
got a missing ID _cmn.  Problem disabled by special hack.

zh-hakka  Similar, but there will be no _hakka variant,
the "missing" ID _hakka has to be permanently disabled.

The grandfathered zh-cmn and zh-hakka of course exist,
but my parser tries to decompose such tags into IDREFS.

The third problem is apparently a bug in the registry:
missing ID _latn (small L) in yi-latn.  For the REXX
validator I never saw that because it internally works
case-insensitive, but with XML ID _latn is not _Latn.

Frank

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone='yes' ?>
<!DOCTYPE ltru [
<!ELEMENT ltru (language*, extlang*, script*, region*, variant*, grandfathered*, redundant*)>
<!ATTLIST ltru
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT language (suppress?, deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST language
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        xml:id ID    #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT extlang (prefix, deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST extlang
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        xml:id ID    #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT script (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST script
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        xml:id ID    #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT region (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST region
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        xml:id ID    #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT variant (prefix*, deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST variant
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        xml:id ID    #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT grandfathered (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST grandfathered
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT redundant (deprecated?, description+, comment*)>
<!ATTLIST redundant
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        ref  IDREFS  #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT suppress EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST suppress
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        ref  IDREF   #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT prefix EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST prefix
        tag  NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        ref  IDREFS  #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT deprecated EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST deprecated
        date NMTOKEN #REQUIRED
        tag  NMTOKEN #IMPLIED
        ref  IDREFS  #IMPLIED
>
<!ELEMENT description (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT comment (#PCDATA)>
]>

<ltru date='2006-08-04'>
<language date='2005-10-16' tag='aa' xml:id='_aa'>
        <description> Afar </description>
</language>
<!-- etc. -->
<redundant date='2005-04-11' tag='zh-Hant-TW' ref='_zh _Hant _TW'>
        <description> Taiwan Chinese in traditional script </description>
</redundant>
</ltru>



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At 07:38 06/09/16, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>McDonald, Ira wrote:
>
>> I support changing to unescaped UTF-8 for the registry
>
>I'm opposed.

It would be good to know why.

>> (consistent with the IESG policy in BCP 18 / RFC 2277).
>
>That's about new protocols, not text/plain files like
>RFCs or the LTRU registry.

Yes indeed. This means that Ira's argument is a bit weak,
but does not give an argument for not using UTF-8.

>> if we move to XML with IANA concurrence, we'll get UTF-8
>> anyway.
>
>Several issues here:  Where does the "IANA will convert
>everything to XML" rumour come from?  I saw no discussion
>about this on the XML-dir list.  Numerous RFCs define
>registries with text/plain registration templates, if
>those templates are anything it's a kind of "record-jar".
>
>IANA can't simply reformat all their registries when they
>feel like it.

As a co-chair, I feel that this is rather irrelevant:
Our charter's timeline is short, and any attempt by
IANA to convert to 'all-XML' will be a long-time effort,
if it is done. If somebody wants to argue for XML, they
should do so based on it's merits.


As a technical contributor, I think that UTF-8 is the right
way to go, but otherwise, we should keep the format as is.
Looking at something like Bokm&#xE5;l is just plain annoying.
I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out
(e.g. using attachments).

As for using compression, this can be done mostly transparently.
browsers tell servers what encodings they support, e.g. like so:
Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, x-gzip, identity, *;q=0
The server can be configured to send the appropriatly encoded
version of the file.


Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Martin Duerst wrote:

  [UTF-8 registry]
>> I'm opposed.
> It would be good to know why.

ftp://ftp.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

I've no clue what FTP clients would do with something like
that.  John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some
troubles to understand his last published version.

Another issue are fonts, for RFC 4646 there were proposals
to restrict the registry to Latn.  Fortunately that was
dropped, because the problem doen't exist with US-ASCII
plus NCRs.

> something like Bokm&#xE5;l is just plain annoying.

At least we know what this is.  Bokm=C3=A5l is less clear -
raw UTF-8 displayed as Latin-1, http://purl.net/net/ucode/E5

> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted
> out (e.g. using attachments).

Yes.  I doubt that there is any logistic problem for mail
submissions.  Only for the bulk update, the fattest I-D in
the history of the Internet using B64, they'd shoot us.

We could try QP, and silently send them Doug's original
data (as mail) in addition to the I-D.  But as you said,
that can be sorted out, it's not the reason why I prefer
to stick to the format as is.

We've no clear idea which tools will exist for the 4646
format in six months, how they do their updates (http or
ftp), and what local conversions they use.  Doug already
proposed that an UTF-8 version might have to keep the
&amp; convention, that could be confusing.  And we'd have
to decide if a signature is required, another change of
the record-jar ABNF.

> compression, this can be done mostly transparently.
> browsers tell servers what encodings they support, e.g.
> like so:
> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, x-gzip, identity, *;q=3D0

ACK, I forgot this, my favourite browser uses HTTP/1.0 ;-)

An explicit gzip variant could still make sense for ftp
and HTTP/1.0 (?)  We can add some "IANA might consider to
offer" blurb in the IANA considerations, but IMO we can't
tell them how to run their servers.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 11:32:53 2006
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Dear Doug,
>
> You're kidding, of course.

Yes I'm kidding about filling out the forms. But I am serious that we
need to mark IPA for everything.

> You really have examples of 7,000 languages written in IPA?

Not yet, no. But hang on. The process of identifying a language for
inclusion in the Ethnologue involves a process called survey. They
primary means of doing survey is to take wordlists from locations and
transcribe them into IPA, so that they can be cross compared. So the
probability is that there exists some text somewhere in IPA for nearly
all these languages.

So, in summary, yes we need IPA for all languages.
>   Awyi and Brokskat and Caluyanun and Dusner and all the rest?

Having looked at their entries in the Ethnologue, I would be surprised
if no wordlist had been taken and therefore surprised if there were not
some text in IPA in those languages.

Please excuse my playful pedantry on that one :)

Yours,
Martin


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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> As a technical contributor, I think that UTF-8 is the right
> way to go, but otherwise, we should keep the format as is.
> Looking at something like Bokm&#xE5;l is just plain annoying.
> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out
> (e.g. using attachments).

I am more skeptical about the ability of everyone involved
to keep everything encoded correctly, and repeat into the
indefinite future; consequently, I prefer the current escaping
scheme.  After all, UTF-8 was as useful *and* as problematic
when we adopted the scheme a year or two ago as it is today:
nothing has changed, so we should change nothing.

-- 
John Cowan    http://ccil.org/~cowan  cowan@ccil.org
'Tis the Linux rebellion / Let coders take their place,
The Linux-nationale / Shall Microsoft outpace,
We can write better programs / Our CPUs won't stall,
So raise the penguin banner of / The Linux-nationale.  --Greg Baker

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 13:12:19 2006
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> The third problem is apparently a bug in the registry:
> missing ID _latn (small L) in yi-latn.  For the REXX
> validator I never saw that because it internally works
> case-insensitive, but with XML ID _latn is not _Latn.

It's capitalized that way because it was registered that way under RFC 
3066.  It was the first tag to be registered with a script component, 
and at the time it was not (widely) known that RFC 3066 would be updated 
to include productive script subtags using This casing convention.

In building the initial Registry, I considered that "yi-latn" qualified 
under Section 2, item 7 of RFC 4645 even though the capitalization was 
different.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 13:16:32 2006
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

>>> (consistent with the IESG policy in BCP 18 / RFC 2277).
>>
>>That's about new protocols, not text/plain files like RFCs or the LTRU 
>>registry.
>
> Yes indeed. This means that Ira's argument is a bit weak, but does not 
> give an argument for not using UTF-8.

There are two separate issues being discussed here:

1.  whether the Registry format should be changed to XML (or another 
file format)
2.  whether the Registry should use UTF-8 directly instead of hex NCRs

If we change to XML, we will be automatically allowed (though not 
required) to change to UTF-8, but the opposite is not true: changing to 
UTF-8 does not imply switching away from record-jar.  Let's discuss 
these issues separately as needed to avoid confusion and 
misunderstanding.

BTW, I keep seeing references to the Registry being in "modified 
record-jar."  Would someone please refresh my memory: What is "modified" 
about the Registry's format as compared to "standard" record-jar?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Subject: [Ltru] IPA and other transcriptions (was: Re: script tag for IPA)
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Martin Hosken brings up a good case for the existence of text written 
in, if not 7,000 languages, at least a large percentage of them, using 
IPA.

Let me ask a general, related question.  We have talked about Wade-Giles 
and pinyin, and to a much lesser extent McCune-Reischauer and ALA-LC and 
ISO 9 and other standards and/or conventions for transcribing and/or 
transliterating languages into a different writing system (not, not 
"script") for some purpose.

In what way -- other than the actual repertoire of characters used -- do 
IPA and other phonetic and phonemic notation systems, differ from those?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Martin Hosken wrote:

>> The proper "repair" to this issue is to fix ISO 15924. Multiple script
>> subtags would be very difficult for users to understand and use
>> consistently. And we'd have to deal with canonical ordering rules,
>> prefix checking, and all sorts of other nastiness---all to figure out
>> which Latin transcription was used? Bah.
> 
> The registrar of ISO 15924 has indicated that he has no intention of
> ever giving IPA a script code and that it is a variant of Latn. Perhaps
> you can get him to change his mind, but I doubt it. So where does that
> leave me? How do I tag text in the IPA script that can be in any
> language? You are asking me to live between a rock and a hard place.

Very few ISO standards are entirely under the thumb of one person's 
opinion. Just because Michael indicated his opposition on an 
unaffiliated email list doesn't mean that a carefully prepared request 
to ISO 15924 would fail.

I'm not asking you to live between a Scylla and Charybdis. I'm asking 
you to carefully consider what you're asking for. The idea you presented 
would break a number of principles and commitments in the formation of 
language tags. Furthermore, I note that ietf-languages history as a 
registry is somewhat uneven---something that was reined in under RFC 
4646 on purpose. I also note that adding more complex and arcane 
structures to language tags strikes me as questionable. The "finger of 
doubt" points at 15924 as the source of scripts. I would exhaust that 
angle first.

> 
> As Mark has stated, we need something to indicate that a script variant
> is more significant than a region. 

For starters, I don't believe in "script variants". I think there is a 
disconnect between the granularity of "script" as currently embodied in 
15924 and "script" as needed in language tags. Mark and I were of the 
(possibly mistaken) impression that 15924 would be a bit more expansive 
in their interpretation of "script".

 > For example, please prioritise the
> aspects of "UK Glaswegian English written in IPA" in terms of the
> components that have the most significance on the text and you will find
> that UK comes last and Glaswegian second to last. But if IPA is marked
> by an extension, it will come last.

So? Language tags cannot do everything. At some point one must look at 
the fact that two bodies of text have different tags and concluded that 
they are different, possibly mutually unintelligible, entities. RFC 4646 
even says this in Section 4.2. While the relative importance of various 
subtags is a key feature, there may be times that the subtags cannot 
entirely reflect the real relationships of the variations.

And I think the correct resolution to the problem would be to get 15924 
to register additional codes or to get a source for codes that mirrors 
15924 while adding additional codes to suit the needs of (say) language 
and locale identification. "en-Lipa-GB-glasgow" would be the best 
solution to your conundrum.

> 
> In discussions with the ISO 15924 registrar on this, he seemed open to
> the idea of extending the private use script code space. In addition, I
> agree that since a script variant (in my 4 character scheme) would
> always occur after a real script, there is no need to worry about
> codespace overlap.

Script "variants" are just scripts in another container. In a language 
tag, I see very little benefit to having a tag like "el-grek-mono" 
instead of an "el-mono" or an "en-Latn-Lipa" over an "en-Lipa".

>> Not to mention: if script variations aren't registered in 15924, where
>> will they come from? What rules will be applied to their registration?
>> Why does anyone think ietf-languages will be a good arbiter of said
>> variations?
> 
> ISO 15924 hasn't scored too highly for us so far. Addressing what a
> script variant really is will need some discussion, of course.

Yes, and from hard experience I don't believe that ietf-languages is a 
better solution. A few email exchanges with ISO 15924 folks does not 
indicate utter failure and other ideas might be useful before creating 
new language subtag fauna.

> 
> Remember that ISO 15924 isn't our standard to control. It's coming from
> TC46.

"Controlling a standard" implies some measure of responsibility. In this 
case, RFC 4646 strives to *avoid* making up its own rules and "working 
around" the underlying ISO standards. In fact, registration of language 
tags has a long and dubious history in this regard: many existing 
registrations have later been repented when (for example) ISO 639 took 
action at a later date.

The most likely possibility is that ISO 15924, by its definition, does 
not define all of the orthographic variations that are needed in 
language tags. While you (or I) might not like the 15924 JAC's 
decisions, I must admit that they have a certain logic.

However, I also note that modifying language tags is probably not the 
best method of overcoming this deficiency. There is precedent for 
creating a project such as an ISO 15924 Part 2 "Codes for the 
representation of scripts and script variations". Such a project, if it 
shared a codespace with 15924-1, would be a more methodical and 
consistent way to register the values you seek.

> 
> In the meantime, please send me the form to request 7000 language
> variants or extensions (since both are registered by language).

Extensions are NOT AT ALL associated with particular languages (unless 
the RFC that defines them says they are).

Variants are NOT required to be associated with specific languages, 
although there is stern resistance by some to "generic" variants. If you 
were to propose (say) 'phonipa' as a variant with no Prefix field, I 
would probably support it.

And the form is in RFC 4646.

> 
> I would encourage folks to think about how the language tag can be made
> productive. If every possible language tag in effect has to be
> registered, it will push many tags underground and the x- extension
> space will become far more popular than we might want it to be. 

Not really. Hardly anyone uses the registered stuff. And the x- private 
use space was made productive with subtags to facilitate those with 
specialized needs. I *hope* that more people can derive use from tags 
such as en-x-ipa-glasgow (oh, hey! there's your tag :-) ).

> I, for
> example, have to deal with emerging writing systems and storing data in
> them for archival purposes long before such writing systems are well
> established (in some cases), if every such instance needs to be
> registered RFC4646 will be seen as a bottle kneck to be worked around
> rather than in collaboration with.
> 

Your use case is explicitly what private-use subtags are for: 
idiosyncratic or specialized requirements.

Yes, every subtag you want to use has to be registered if you want it to 
be non-private-use. But previously you needed to registered entire tags 
(including every variation you wanted), so 4646 greatly improves your 
situation.

But I would start with really trying harder with 15924, followed by 
looking at creating a registry for "scripts and script variations", 
preferably within TC 46. Nothing that does not confront us today will 
prevent us from adding "script variants" in the future if they are truly 
necessary. But I don't see that as strictly necessary yet.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out
> (e.g. using attachments).
> 

Or sending the form in escaped ASCII and telling IANA to unescape it.

> As for using compression, this can be done mostly transparently.
> browsers tell servers what encodings they support, e.g. like so:
> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, x-gzip, identity, *;q=0
> The server can be configured to send the appropriatly encoded
> version of the file.
> 

I don't see any reason for us to dabble in transfer encodings!

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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> 
> 1.  whether the Registry format should be changed to XML (or another 
> file format)

I oppose this.

> 2.  whether the Registry should use UTF-8 directly instead of hex NCRs

I support this, but could live without it.

> 
> BTW, I keep seeing references to the Registry being in "modified 
> record-jar."  Would someone please refresh my memory: What is "modified" 
> about the Registry's format as compared to "standard" record-jar?

Since there ain't no such beast as "standard record-jar", nothing.

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
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I generally agree with Addison's comments. A couple of further items.

1. Procedurally, the possibility of getting an IPA script variant is not
zero. It was proposed, there was very little discussion, and dismissed
without a lot of discussion (I'm just an observer). So if a more reasoned
document is presented there could be different results. Unlike other cases,
it is not up to one person capriciousness.

2. I think the private use codes (for script, etc) are misunderstood. If an
authority designates a code as private use code, that means that it is
recognized as a valid code, but that authority doesn't attach a meaning to
it, and never will.

It does not mean that nobody else can attach a meaning to it -- if that were
the case it would be completely pointless to have private use codes. For
example, the Unicode Consortium defines a meaning for Qaai (
http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr24/). Any application conformant to the
Unicode Standard must interpret Qaai as applied with that meaning. It also
attaches meaning to certain private use tags in CLDR (LDML), notably for
some region codes:
QO Outlying Oceania  QU European Union  ZZ Unknown or Invalid TerritoryBut
it only takes part of the range: "The private use codes from XA..XZ will
never be used by CLDR, and are thus safe for use for other purposes by
applications using CLDR data".

It would be possible for RFC4646bis to define a range of private use codes
that it will use. This would need to be very carefully done, and we might
decide that it is not appropriate, but it is certainly a possibility.

Mark

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I generally agree with Addison's comments. A couple of further items.<br><br>1. Procedurally, the possibility of getting an IPA script variant is not zero. It was proposed, there was very little discussion, and dismissed without a lot of discussion (I'm just an observer). So if a more reasoned document is presented there could be different results. Unlike other cases, it is not up to one person capriciousness.
<br><br>2. I think the private use codes (for script, etc) are misunderstood. If an authority designates a code as private use code, that means that it is recognized as a valid code, but <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">

that </span>authority doesn't attach a meaning to it, <span style="font-style: italic;">and never will.<br><br></span>It does not mean that nobody else can attach a meaning to it -- if that were the case it would be completely pointless to have private use codes. For example, the Unicode Consortium defines a meaning for Qaai (
<a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr24/" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr24/</a>). Any application conformant to the Unicode Standard must interpret Qaai as applied with that meaning. It also attaches meaning to certain private use tags in CLDR (LDML), notably for some region codes:
<br><table style="margin: 0.5em;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td>QO</td>
          <td>Outlying Oceania</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>QU</td>
          <td>European Union</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>ZZ</td>
          <td>Unknown or Invalid Territory</td></tr></tbody></table>But it only takes part of the range: &quot;The private use codes from XA..XZ will never be used by CLDR, and are 
		thus safe for use for other purposes by applications using CLDR data&quot;.<br><br>It would be possible for RFC4646bis to define a range of private use codes that it will use. This would need to be very carefully done, and we might decide that it is not appropriate, but it is certainly a possibility.
<br><br>Mark<br>


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 14:47:03 2006
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To: Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IPA and other transcriptions (was: Re: script tag for IPA)
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> In what way -- other than the actual repertoire of characters used -- do 
> IPA and other phonetic and phonemic notation systems, differ from those?

I would say in that IPA and its rivals are not orthographies; that is,
the meaning of [f] in IPA is standardized, but the choice of when
to use it in the representation of some language depends on the
acuity of the transcriber.  Per contra, it is very clear when "f"
is to be written in the various romanizations of Japanese, whether the
sound represented is IPA [f] or not.

And I do agree that IPA (and rival) sound transcription systems are
a very different matter from mere variants in transcription like
pinyin vs. Wade-Giles or Hepburn vs. kunrei shiki.

-- 
Even a refrigerator can conform to the XML      John Cowan
Infoset, as long as it has a door sticker       cowan@ccil.org
saying "No information items inside".           http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --Eve Maler

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 15:17:12 2006
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Doug gently mentioned the question of "standard" vs. "modified" 
record-jar format. Which reminds me that I really should finish off the 
record-jar informational RFC some time.

Today I updated my draft-00 of it and posted it on my personal web site. 
I welcome comments (it needs some more tweaking). I note that this 
version is closer to the LTRU format than previously.

For those interested, discussion is at record-jar@yahoogroups.com and 
the documents are at:

   http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-phillips-record-jar-00.txt
   http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-phillips-record-jar-00.html
   http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-phillips-record-jar-00.xml

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 19:04:50 2006
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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So, if we're entertaining ABNF changes, what about this?

langtag =3D language ["-" script ["-" scriptvar] ...

scriptvar =3D 4alpha=20

where scriptvar subtags are defined per a registration and *not* =
interpreted in terms of ISO 15924.

That's a limited change in syntax and gives 456,976 possible =
script-variant subtags (should be more than plenty for transcriptions =
and transliterations).


Peter


> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: Friday, September 15, 2006 5:12 AM
> To: Martin Duerst
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
>=20
> Martin Duerst scripsit:
>=20
> > The solution proposed by Martin Hosken seems to make quite a bit
> > of sense to me. I only see two problems:
> > - This would need a change to the RFC 4646 ABNF. This is serious.
>=20
> Not a big one; basically we would need to allow multiple script =
subtags,
> just as we allow multiple variant subtags today.  Order is enough to
> tell which is primary and which are secondary, so we need play no =
tricks
> with case; and there is no ambiguity, because currently a well-formed
> tag can have only one non-initial 4-letter subtag.
>=20
> I'm not necessarily saying I approve of this, just saying it's not a
> big deal technically.  Changing the ABNF at all is indeed a big deal =
in
> terms of our commitments, however, so the sooner we decide to do this
> or not do this the better.
>=20
> --
> John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   ccil.org/~cowan
> Dievas dave dantis; Dievas duos duonos          --Lithuanian proverb
> Deus dedit dentes; deus dabit panem             --Latin version =
thereof
> Deity donated dentition;
>   deity'll donate doughnuts                     --English version by =
Muke
> Tever
> God gave gums; God'll give granary              --Version by Mat =
McVeagh
>=20
> _______________________________________________
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BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a single
Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:

Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z A-Z]{4,8}
))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | [0-9]{3} ))
)?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: [-] (?:
[0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [a-w
y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z]
(?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z
0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?: boont
| GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian | hak |
klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?: bok |
nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn | zh
[-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-] nan |
wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))

It checks for the grandfathered tags, since otherwise too much cruft sneaks
in. You can't check in regex that there are only single instances of each
singleton extension. (In retrospect we could have allowed multiple
singletons: we could have accepted en-a-bcdef-ghijk-b-123-a-lmnop as
equivalent to the canonical form en-a-bcdef-ghijk-lmnop-b-123, but that's
water under the bridge at this point.) Of course, I didn't put this together
by hand. The table used to build it is much more readable, at

http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt

and a test file that includes strings mentioned on this list is at:

http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt
Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 19:28:20 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] IPA and other transcriptions (was: Re: script tag for IPA)
Date: Sat, 16 Sep 2006 16:28:13 -0700
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> In what way -- other than the actual repertoire of characters used --  
>> do IPA and other phonetic and phonemic notation systems, differ from 
>> those?
>
> I would say in that IPA and its rivals are not orthographies; that is, 
> the meaning of [f] in IPA is standardized, but the choice of when to 
> use it in the representation of some language depends on the acuity of 
> the transcriber.  Per contra, it is very clear when "f" is to be 
> written in the various romanizations of Japanese, whether the sound 
> represented is IPA [f] or not.

I agree that there are differences in the details of their use, but what 
I was getting at was that both are alternative "ways of writing" 
language (note that incredibly vague phrase).  Pinyin (et al.) is not a 
"normal" way of writing Chinese (et al.); it is a special application 
for learners and other non-native readers of the language.  (This is 
different from, say, Serbian in Cyrillic/Latin, where native readers 
might use either script.)

Likewise, IPA (et al.) is not a "normal" way of writing English (et 
al.); it is a special application for linguists and others who need to 
represent the exact (or nearly exact) pronunciation of the language.

> And I do agree that IPA (and rival) sound transcription systems are a 
> very different matter from mere variants in transcription like pinyin 
> vs. Wade-Giles or Hepburn vs. kunrei shiki.

OK, well, that wasn't the way I saw it, but since almost everyone on 
this list probably has more linguistic training than I do, perhaps I 
should back off on this.

Maybe the thing to consider in 4646bis is whether we should remove the 
extension mechanism altogether.  If transcription and transliteration 
systems aren't a good application for extensions, I really don't know 
what is, and nobody else has come forward with a "favorite" potential 
application for them.  The examples in 4646 are all contrived. 
Extensions have never been valid in real-world language tags (since none 
are defined), so they could be removed without breaking anything, and 
doing so would simplify parsers.  "Deprecating" them, of course, would 
be completely pointless.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 19:34:25 2006
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out (e.g. 
>> using attachments).
>
> Or sending the form in escaped ASCII and telling IANA to unescape it.

<shudder />

At the very least, there would have to be an AUTH48-like period where we 
could review the end product and make corrections before it was publicly 
posted on IANA's site.

> I don't see any reason for us to dabble in transfer encodings!

No, please.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 16 23:00:26 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Test suite for language tags?
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There's a mistake in the regex, from the underlying
langtagRegex.txt, that allows zh-zh-cmn-Hans.

Regards,    Martin.


At 08:28 06/09/17, Mark Davis wrote:
>BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
>
>Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z A-Z]{4,8} ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | [0-9]{3} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: [-] (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?: boont | GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian | hak | klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?: bok | nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn | zh [-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-] nan | wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) 
>
>It checks for the grandfathered tags, since otherwise too much cruft sneaks in. You can't check in regex that there are only single instances of each singleton extension. (In retrospect we could have allowed multiple singletons: we could have accepted en-a-bcdef-ghijk-b-123 -a-lmnop as equivalent to the canonical form en-a-bcdef-ghijk-lmnop-b-123, but that's water under the bridge at this point.) Of course, I didn't put this together by hand. The table used to build it is much more readable, at 
>
><http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt>http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt 
>
>and a test file that includes strings mentioned on this list is at:
>
><http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt>http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt 
>Mark


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 01:29:23 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: [Ltru] Process for creating 4646bis Registry
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Here is my first pass at describing the process for generating the RFC 
4646bis Language Subtag Registry.  This is not necessarily the exact 
wording that will appear in RFC 4645bis, but parts of it may end up 
there with little or no change.

This needs to be evaluated by the WG on at least two levels:

* the process itself
* the way the process is described (logic, clarity, ambiguity, 
mechanics, etc.)

1.  Starting point

The existing Registry serves as the starting point for the new Registry. 
RFC 4645bis will include a reference (probably normative) to RFC 4645 
for those who wish to trace the path all the way back to the ISO and UN 
standards and RFC 3066 tag registry.

The new inputs to the Registry are the ISO/FDIS 639-3 online code 
tables.  This includes the code set dated 2006-04-21 and the 
macrolanguage mappings dated 2005-06-14, which are currently 
(2006-09-16) available on the ISO 639-3 home page.  Peter has said there 
are changes in the FDIS document not reflected in these files, and more 
changes will be coming, but I am using these files because they are the 
most up-to-date information available to me.

2.  Language subtags modified

The existing Registry includes 489 primary language subtags, including 
some for "language collections" not included in 639-3.  In cases where 
the reference name(s) in 639-3 for these languages differ(s) from the 
Description fields in the Registry, the new names are added to the 
existing Registry entry, after all existing descriptions.  For example, 
the subtag "gd" currently has the descriptions "Gaelic" and "Scottish 
Gaelic"; the new description "Gaelic (Scots)" from 639-3 will be added. 
This includes inverted forms of existing names, such as "Frisian, 
Northern".

This also includes language names that include a country name, to 
differentiate them from other languages of the same name associated with 
a different country.  For example, the subtag "bas" currently has the 
description "Basa"; to this would be added "Basa (Cameroon)" from 639-3. 
The new subtag "bzw" would have the single description "Basa (Nigeria)".

Reference names in the 639-3 files that contain the strings "(generic)" 
or "(specific)" are changed to "(macrolanguage)" and the empty string, 
respectively, in accordance with Peter's statement on September 12 that 
the FDIS already includes this change.  The single exception is "Zande 
(specific)" (zne), which is left unchanged because there is also a 639-3 
code element "Zande" (znd) and neither of these is a macrolanguage.

No existing Description fields are changed or deleted.

3.  New subtags added

All 639-3 code elements not in the LSR are added as primary language 
subtags if they are not included under a 639-3 macrolanguage, or as 
extended language subtags if they are (with the macrolanguage as 
Prefix).  This is consistent with John Cowan's description of the 
process, which was generally approved by the list.

As a special case, all 639-3 languages with the words "Sign Language" in 
their name are added as extlangs, with "sgn" as the Prefix.  This is the 
same as if 639-3 had listed them under a macrolanguage "sgn".  (The 
entry "sgn", being a collection code, is not present in 639-3 at all.)

All subtags added to the Registry are added in alphabetical order within 
their type, with the 2-letter language subtags appearing before the 
3-letter subtags.  IANA previously added two 3-letter subtags, "anp" and 
"frr", in the section for 2-letter subtags, which is allowed by RFC 4646 
but may surprise some readers.  No attempt is made here to change this.

4.  Grandfathered and redundant tags

As a consequence of adding these new subtags, the following 
grandfathered tags are deprecated, with the indicated tag specified as 
Preferred-Value:

i-ami      -> ami
i-bnn      -> bnn
i-pwn      -> pwn
i-tao      -> tao
i-tay      -> tay
i-tsu      -> tsu
sgn-CH-de  -> sgn-sgg
zh-hakka   -> zh-hak
zh-min     -> (no Preferred-Value, just deprecated)
zh-min-nan -> zh-nan
zh-xiang   -> zh-hns

Each of these grandfathered tags has a Comment field indicating the ISO 
639-3 code element (for example, "replaced by ISO code ami").  This 
duplicates the Preferred-Value information and is not strictly 
necessary, but is added for consistency with other grandfathered tags. 
This comment is also added to the tag "zh-guoyu", which is already 
deprecated in favor of another grandfathered tag, "zh-cmn" (which will 
now be redundant; see below).

The following grandfathered tags are now fully composable and are moved 
to redundant:

zh-cmn
zh-cmn-Hans
zh-cmn-Hant
zh-gan
zh-wuu
zh-yue

The following redundant sign-language tags are deprecated (requiring a 
change in the RFC 4646 rules, which currently disallow this).

sgn-BR -> sgn-bzs
sgn-CO > sgn-csn
sgn-DE > sgn-gsg
sgn-DK > sgn-dsl
sgn-ES > sgn-ssp
sgn-FR > sgn-fsl
sgn-GB > sgn-bfi
sgn-GR > sgn-gss
sgn-IE > sgn-isg
sgn-IT > sgn-ise
sgn-JP > sgn-jsl
sgn-MX > sgn-mfs
sgn-NI > sgn-ncs
sgn-NL > sgn-dse
sgn-NO > sgn-nsl
sgn-PT > sgn-psr
sgn-SE > sgn-swl
sgn-US > sgn-ase
sgn-ZA > sgn-sfs

No change is made to the Description field for these tags, so (for 
example) "sgn-US" will still have the description "American Sign 
Language".  This is to avoid unintended changes of scope.

5.  Availability

A prototype 4646bis Registry built using these rules, with an arbitrary 
File-Date (and Added date for all new subtags) of 2007-01-01, is 
available at:

http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.txt    (640,265 bytes)
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.zip    (78,943 bytes, 
PKZip format)

Please use these files as necessary to evaluate the process.  Please do 
not distribute them or build anything for release based on them; 
remember that the rules are not final.  They will not be changed until a 
revised version of this process is posted to LTRU, so please download 
them only once per revision.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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On Sat, 16 Sep 2006, Peter Constable wrote:

>> From: Martin Hosken [mailto:martin_hosken@sil.org]
>
>> How do I tag text in the IPA script that can be in any
>> language?
>
> Just to clarify: IPA can be used to transcribe any language, but any 
> instance of IPA transcription is in *some* particular language.

Normally so, but the particular language may be unknown; this however is 
no different from a case where you have, say, text in Latin letters and 
you do not know its language (yet). Moreover, it is possible to use IPA to 
describe words that appear the same (in pronunciation) in different 
languages, in which case we would probably use "mul" if we had to tag the 
text. So there are situations where there the language tagging is not 
obvious, but this may happen for any script, not just IPA.

-- 
Jukka "Yucca" Korpela, http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 02:19:23 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] RFC 4646 production "grandfathered" considered harmful
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Section 2.2.9 of RFC 4646 says:

   An implementation that claims to check for well-formed language tags
   MUST:

   o  Check that the tag and all of its subtags, including extension and
      private use subtags, conform to the ABNF OR that the tag is on the
      list of grandfathered tags.

   o  Check that singleton subtags that identify extensions do not
      repeat.  For example, the tag "en-a-xx-b-yy-a-zz" is not well-
      formed.

(I have emphasized the word OR in the first bullet point.)

Unfortunately, this wording allows too much.  For example, the invalid tag
"ra-bb-it" matches the "grandfathered" rule in the ABNF.  Therefore it
winds up being well-formed even though it cannot be analyzed as a sequence
of subtags and is not on the grandfathered list either.

To avoid this, we can take one of two actions:

1) Remove the "grandfathered" production in the ABNF altogether, and use
the "OR" in the conformance clause to allow the irregular grandfathered
tags (that is, those which don't match the "langtag" or "privateuse"
productions) to be well-formed.  The danger here is that people will
implement the ABNF only, and the grandfathered tags will become outright
unusable rather than merely discouraged.

2) Add an explicit "irregular" production in place of the "grandfathered"
production which explicitly enumerates the 17 irregular grandfathered
tags, thus:

irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
            / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
            / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu"
            / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"

It is safe to enumerate this list explicitly, as it can neither grow
nor shrink.  It's true that all the tags except "i-default" can become
deprecated, but that makes no difference to well-formed processors.
The other grandfathered tags in the registry are all well-formed already
and do not need to be in this list.

In this case the conformance clause can be simplified by omitting the
second part of the "OR".

I favor choice 2.

-- 
John Cowan                                   cowan@ccil.org
        "You need a change: try Canada"  "You need a change: try China"
                --fortune cookies opened by a couple that I know

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At 08:34 06/09/17, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
>
>>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out (e.g. using attachments).
>>
>> Or sending the form in escaped ASCII and telling IANA to unescape it.
>
><shudder />

Agreed.

>At the very least, there would have to be an AUTH48-like period where we could review the end product and make corrections before it was publicly posted on IANA's site.

We got that last time round, so I don't see a problem here.

>> I don't see any reason for us to dabble in transfer encodings!
>
>No, please.

Of course we shouldn't invent new transfer encodings.
But suggesting to IANA that they also offer the file as
compressed over HTTP should be okay, or not?

Regards,     Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
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At 08:34 06/09/17, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
>
>>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out (e.g. using attachments).
>>
>> Or sending the form in escaped ASCII and telling IANA to unescape it.
>
><shudder />

Agreed.

>At the very least, there would have to be an AUTH48-like period where we could review the end product and make corrections before it was publicly posted on IANA's site.

We got that last time round, so I don't see a problem here.

>> I don't see any reason for us to dabble in transfer encodings!
>
>No, please.

Of course we shouldn't invent new transfer encodings.
But suggesting to IANA that they also offer the file as
compressed over HTTP should be okay, or not?

Regards,     Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 19:34 06/09/16, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>Martin Duerst wrote:
>
>  [UTF-8 registry]
>>> I'm opposed.
>> It would be good to know why.
>
>ftp://ftp.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
>
>I've no clue what FTP clients would do with something like
>that.

Just save the file. If it's transferred as text, things
may go wrong for an EBCDIC system. If transferred as
binary, it will still be UTF-8.

>John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some
>troubles to understand his last published version.

That isn't very relevant, except that it suggests
normalization to NFC, which I assume we would do anyway,
and which is already an issue in the case of NCRs.

>Another issue are fonts, for RFC 4646 there were proposals
>to restrict the registry to Latn.

Bad idea. Any average browser installation has way wider
coverage.

>Fortunately that was
>dropped, because the problem doen't exist with US-ASCII
>plus NCRs.
>
>> something like Bokm&#xE5;l is just plain annoying.
>
>At least we know what this is.  Bokm$B%F!&(Bl is less clear -
>raw UTF-8 displayed as Latin-1, http://purl.net/net/ucode/E5

Well, and then interpreted as Shift-JIS in the case of my
mailer :-(. Our spec as well as the HTTP headers will say
that it's UTF-8. That should be enough. People who are
okay to see garbage will be as satisfied with Bokm&#xE5;
as they are with Bokm$B%F!&(Bl, or any other weird rendering,
but people who like to see the real thing will be best
served by UTF-8.

>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted
>> out (e.g. using attachments).
>
>Yes.  I doubt that there is any logistic problem for mail
>submissions.  Only for the bulk update, the fattest I-D in
>the history of the Internet using B64, they'd shoot us.

We could define a process experiment. As it is only for
an I-D, not for an RFC, that should work. I have seen
non-ASCII stuff in I-Ds, but checks may be a bit more
strict nowadays.

>We could try QP, and silently send them Doug's original
>data (as mail) in addition to the I-D.

If 'them' is IANA, that might work. If 'them' is the
Internet-Drafts Editor, that'd not make sense.

>We've no clear idea which tools will exist for the 4646
>format in six months, how they do their updates (http or
>ftp), and what local conversions they use.  Doug alrcret) with SMTP id
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At 19:34 06/09/16, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>Martin Duerst wrote:
>
>  [UTF-8 registry]
>>> I'm opposed.
>> It would be good to know why.
>
>ftp://ftp.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
>
>I've no clue what FTP clients would do with something like
>that.

Just save the file. If it's transferred as text, things
may go wrong for an EBCDIC system. If transferred as
binary, it will still be UTF-8.

>John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some
>troubles to understand his last published version.

That isn't very relevant, except that it suggests
normalization to NFC, which I assume we would do anyway,
and which is already an issue in the case of NCRs.

>Another issue are fonts, for RFC 4646 there were proposals
>to restrict the registry to Latn.

Bad idea. Any average browser installation has way wider
coverage.

>Fortunately that was
>dropped, because the problem doen't exist with US-ASCII
>plus NCRs.
>
>> something like Bokm&#xE5;l is just plain annoying.
>
>At least we know what this is.  Bokm$B%F!&(Bl is less clear -
>raw UTF-8 displayed as Latin-1, http://purl.net/net/ucode/E5

Well, and then interpreted as Shift-JIS in the case of my
mailer :-(. Our spec as well as the HTTP headers will say
that it's UTF-8. That should be enough. People who are
okay to see garbage will be as satisfied with Bokm&#xE5;
as they are with Bokm$B%F!&(Bl, or any other weird rendering,
but people who like to see the real thing will be best
served by UTF-8.

>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted
>> out (e.g. using attachments).
>
>Yes.  I doubt that there is any logistic problem for mail
>submissions.  Only for the bulk update, the fattest I-D in
>the history of the Internet using B64, they'd shoot us.

We could define a process experiment. As it is only for
an I-D, not for an RFC, that should work. I have seen
non-ASCII stuff in I-Ds, but checks may be a bit more
strict nowadays.

>We could try QP, and silently send them Doug's original
>data (as mail) in addition to the I-D.

If 'them' is IANA, that might work. If 'them' is the
Internet-Drafts Editor, that'd not make sense.

>We've no clear idea which tools will exist for the 4646
>format in six months, how they do their updates (http or
>ftp), and what local conversions they use.  Doug already
>proposed that an UTF-8 version might have to keep the
>&amp; convention, that could be confusing.

Yes. I'd agree that '&#x' sequences might need escaping,
but I don't expect any of these. Simple & would be okay
unescaped, it would trigger an error in strictly implemented
RFC 4646 software, the same way as UTF-8, and would not
cause any interpretation problems.

>And we'd have
>to decide if a signature is required, another change of
>the record-jar ABNF.

Yes. No signature, please.

>> compression, this can be done mostly transparently.
>> browsers tell servers what encodings they support, e.g.
>> like so:
>> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, x-gzip, identity, *;q=0
>
>ACK, I forgot this, my favourite browser uses HTTP/1.0 ;-)
>
>An explicit gzip variant could still make sense for ftp
>and HTTP/1.0 (?)

Yes.

>We can add some "IANA might consider to
>offer" blurb in the IANA considerations, but IMO we can't
>tell them how to run their servers.

Agreed.


Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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eady
>proposed that an UTF-8 version might have to keep the
>&amp; convention, that could be confusing.

Yes. I'd agree that '&#x' sequences might need escaping,
but I don't expect any of these. Simple & would be okay
unescaped, it would trigger an error in strictly implemented
RFC 4646 software, the same way as UTF-8, and would not
cause any interpretation problems.

>And we'd have
>to decide if a signature is required, another change of
>the record-jar ABNF.

Yes. No signature, please.

>> compression, this can be done mostly transparently.
>> browsers tell servers what encodings they support, e.g.
>> like so:
>> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, x-gzip, identity, *;q=0
>
>ACK, I forgot this, my favourite browser uses HTTP/1.0 ;-)
>
>An explicit gzip variant could still make sense for ftp
>and HTTP/1.0 (?)

Yes.

>We can add some "IANA might consider to
>offer" blurb in the IANA considerations, but IMO we can't
>tell them how to run their servers.

Agreed.


Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Martin Duerst wrote:

>> I've no clue what FTP clients would do with something 
>> like that.

> Just save the file. If it's transferred as text, things
> may go wrong for an EBCDIC system. If transferred as
> binary, it will still be UTF-8.

The old FTP server on my box needed an option "-cp none"
for "raw mode", otherwise it would try to "get it right"
with weird results (cp 858 to cp 1252 or vice versa, my
number of UTF-8 plain text files is still *_zero_*)

>> John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some
>> troubles to understand his last published version.
 
> That isn't very relevant, except that it suggests
> normalization to NFC, which I assume we would do anyway,
> and which is already an issue in the case of NCRs.

Let's please just use whatever the source standards use,
garbage in garbage out (drawing the line at "invalid").

In an unrelated (SASLprep) attempt to check how bad this
is some weeks ago my conclusion was "bad enough" after I
found 418 combining characters.

The last thing we need in a 4646bis is a fixed Unicode
version (or convoluted prose why that's unnecessary).

>> for RFC 4646 there were proposals to restrict the 
>> registry to Latn.
> Bad idea. Any average browser installation has way 
> wider coverage.

Or way less, almost certainly not "all Latn", the next
least common denominator after Latin-1 could be MES-1.
Fighting with obscure glyph lists is another issue to
be solved by the source standards, not 4646bis.

 [UTF-8 Bokm&#xE5;l mangled to Latin-1]
> Well, and then interpreted as Shift-JIS in the case of
> my mailer :-(.

Folks will discuss registry entries on the review list,
with any MUA they have.  With NCRs as abstract objects
they'd be at least sure _what_ they discuss.

>> for the bulk update, the fattest I-D in the history of
>> the Internet using B64, they'd shoot us.
> We could define a process experiment. As it is only for
> an I-D, not for an RFC, that should work.

Yes, and as long as the AD is okay with it we might get
away without 3933 for this detail - after a bounce from
the secretary ("too long" or "non-ASCII") until they
believe it.

> I have seen non-ASCII stuff in I-Ds, but checks may be
> a bit more strict nowadays.

I'm not sure that it was always UTF-8, in one case where
it was windows-1252 the I-D wasn't published.  If they're
ready to accept any non-ASCII it ought to include UTF-8,
otherwise they've to fix it anyway sooner or later.

>> We could try QP, and silently send them Doug's original
>> data (as mail) in addition to the I-D.
> If 'them' is IANA, that might work.  If 'them' is the
> Internet-Drafts Editor, that'd not make sense.

IANA.  I'd guess that the "I-D-editor" is in essence a
mailbot - with a human operator trying to fix some wild
and wonderful submissions where that mailbot isn't sure.
  
QP UTF-8 would be only a trick to get the draft published.
IANA could take the decoded attached file - or roll their
own QP I-D to registry decoder, it's no rocket science.

>> keep the &amp; convention, that could be confusing.
> Yes. I'd agree that '&#x' sequences might need escaping,
> but I don't expect any of these. Simple & would be okay
> unescaped, it would trigger an error in strictly implemented
> RFC 4646 software, the same way as UTF-8, and would not
> cause any interpretation problems.

Assuming that we go that way (I still don't like it) we
could "forbid" &#x strings for backwards compatibility.
With "forbid" s/&#x//g.  Or "forbid" s/&#x/u+/g, because
it probably is precisely the same problem in the sources.

To justify such manipulations in 4646bis the WG should 
adopt the record-jar I-D as work item (informational RFC).

I could contribute 212 lines LTRU record-jar to XML as an
example (in the long version allowing to check all subtag
references with the W3C validator).

>> we'd have to decide if a signature is required, another
>> change of the record-jar ABNF.

> Yes. No signature, please.

I could in theory note UTF-8 as an "extended attribute"
of the file.  At some point I've to start that anyway, my
local "if it's not ASCII it's cp 858" rule does not help 
for published files, nobody knows what cp 858 is.

With or without signature, UTF-8 will fail miserably in
some constellations.  With a signature you could say that
it's not the fault of the registry.  Without signature, I
don't see where a misinterpretation as UTF-16 fails, some
"line too long" error ?

Maybe a dummy encoding="UTF-8" XML wrapper could help, one
element with a fixed xml:space="preserve" attribute (?)

Frank



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John Cowan wrote:
 
> Add an explicit "irregular" production

Interesting idea.  Maybe add "zh-hakka" as "almost irregular",
or let's _define_ hakka as deprecated zh variant.  For zh-cmn
I hope 4646bis will solve a "missing cmn" issue as side effect.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> RFC 4645bis will include a reference (probably normative) to
> RFC 4645 for those who wish to trace the path all the way
> back to the ISO and UN standards and RFC 3066 tag registry.

Okay, we have already a reference to RFC 4645 in 4646bis-01pre,
but you need it also.

> The new inputs to the Registry are the ISO/FDIS 639-3 online
> code tables.

For the drafts before Last Call.  For the registry it should be
the then existing ISO 639-3:2007.

> the subtag "gd" currently has the descriptions "Gaelic" and
> "Scottish Gaelic"; the new description "Gaelic (Scots)" from
> 639-3 will be added.

As Randy and Debbie wanted it.  You had convinced me that
replacing xxxx by xxxx (yyyy) instead of adding it might be
okay, but for a first draft any consistent rule goes, we know
that it's an open issue.

> No existing Description fields are changed or deleted.

ACK, that's KISS, please note it explicitly.

> extended language subtags if they are (with the macrolanguage
> as Prefix).  This is consistent with John Cowan's description
> of the process, which was generally approved by the list.

It's another open issue, compare
<http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.ltru/5420>
For the first draft it's fine, let's look at the output, and
then decide if we really like this "macrolanguage" cruft.  The
job of 4646bis is to define language tags, not to sanction the
POVs of its sources, for that folks should read these sources,
not the registry.

> zh-hakka   -> zh-hak

Resulting in i-hak -> zh-hakka -> zh-hak (JFTR, we have to eat
our dog food)

> zh-min     -> (no Preferred-Value, just deprecated)

That has to be justified explicitly in prose, as an exception.

> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.txt

Thanks, quick check with the W3C validator (8167 records):
One known yi-latn (lower case L) error, anything else okay.

My old registry validator does not yet support extlang XREFs,
otherwise it's happy:
| 8167 (sub)tags in 41651 lines, 804 xrefs okay

Frank



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Addison Phillips wrote:

>> whether the Registry format should be changed to XML (or
>> another file format)

> I oppose this.

Me too, but for UTF-8 I'd be tempted to change my mind.  It's
interesting as derived format, to check all subtags in Doug's
first registry I needed less than a minute:  Most of it spent
with "upload XML to W3C validator", followed by "download TXT
from Doug's Web space", seconds to convert it to XML, and wait
for the validator's result (= "yi-latn is no valid XML" :-)

>> What is "modified" about the Registry's format as compared
>> to "standard" record-jar?
 
> Since there ain't no such beast as "standard record-jar",
> nothing.

Does the original record-jar allow comments introduced by % ?
For "original" = as published in the [record-jar] reference.
Looking into your updated draft, you have %% comment, and
some backslash magic, that's "modified" wrt RFC 4646.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> with XML ID _latn is not _Latn.

> It's capitalized that way because it was registered that way
> under RFC 3066.

Could we add this oddity as another exception (like zh-min) to
4645bis, or is it more straight forward if I try to update it
directly using the language list ?

Frank



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Peter Constable wrote:
 
> That's a limited change in syntax 

Breaking two out of two LTRU "tools" I have...   I could live
with it, but it would break _all_ RFC 4646 tools worldwide :-(



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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 12:54:31AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 90 lines which said:

> For the XML fans, below you find a possible DTD for the
> ltru2xml script posted yesterday.  I've never tried that
> before, probably it's clumsy.  The W3C validator accepts
> it for a converted registry.

A few remarks (only on details, I won't get in the dispute
elements-vs-attributes):

1) May be we should use the same vocabulary as the RFC 4646. For
instance, you use "date" when the RFC uses (except for the <ltru>
element) "added". Or you use "tag" when the RFC uses subtag or tag,
depending on the type.

2) Even with DTDs, I believe it is possible to factor common terms
like "description", which is the same for every record.

3) I do not see Preferred-value in your schema?

I attached my own attempt, written in RelaxNG, and a translated
registry.



--zYM0uCDKw75PZbzx
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="ltru.rnc"

# RelaxNG schema for the "language tag" registry specified in RFC 4646
# and available at http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry

# Not standard in any way, just an individual proposal

# Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>

# TODO: add Schematron rules for constraints such as "Records that
# contain a 'Preferred-Value' field MUST also have a 'Deprecated'
# field. " This specific constraint does not really require
# Schematron, but others may.

start = registry

registry = element registry {date & languages & scripts & regions & variants & 
   redundants & grandfathereds} # TODO: extensions

date = element date {xsd:date}

languages = language*

language = element language {subtag & common & suppress-script?}

scripts = script*

script = element script {subtag & common}

regions = region*

region = element region {subtag & common}

variants = variant*

variant = element variant {subtag & common & prefix*} # "Records of type 'variant' 
                    # MAY have more than one field of type" 'Prefix'. 

grandfathereds = grandfathered*

grandfathered = element grandfathered {tag & common}

redundants = redundant*

redundant = element redundant {tag & common}

common = added & descriptions & deprecated? & preferred-value?

added = element added {xsd:date}

suppress-script = element suppress-script {text}

descriptions = description+ # Each record MUST contain the following fields

description = element description {text}

subtag = element subtag {text}

tag = element tag {text}

prefix = element prefix {text}

deprecated = element deprecated {xsd:date}

preferred-value = element preferred-value {text}

--zYM0uCDKw75PZbzx
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="language-tag-registry.xml.gz"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64

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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
 
> May be we should use the same vocabulary as the RFC 4646. For
> instance, you use "date" when the RFC uses (except for the
> <ltru> element) "added".

Yes, I wanted the same attribute name for all dates.  With a
DTD some ABNF details are lost, I've used the name for a hint
about the real type (NMTOKEN isn't very precise for dates ;-)

> Or you use "tag" when the RFC uses subtag or tag,

Same idea.  In the version supporting ID-XREF-checks I could
keep "subtag" as is, and use "tag" only as attribute for the
grandfathered, redundant, prefix, and deprecated elements.

> I do not see Preferred-value in your schema?

It's the optional (#IMPLIED) "tag" in a <deprecated> element.

If I'd split "tag" vs. "subtag" a "tag" is syntactically the
same as "xml:lang", but of course I can't abuse that as name.

Your RELAXed spec. is Greek to me.  That's no problem, but it
also won't work as is with a DTD validator.  With my version
I'm sure that only descriptions and comments are "text", the
rest is either a "date" or a "tag" (modulo "subtag").

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 12:22:18 2006
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To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Registry Format
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On Fri, Sep 15, 2006 at 10:26:09AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 160 lines which said:

> Just for fun I've created a gawk-script to convert the registry to
> XML

The output is not well-formed XML. Here is a patch:

--- ltru2xml.awk.orig   2006-09-17 18:08:18.656912781 +0200
+++ ltru2xml.awk        2006-09-17 18:08:10.536819185 +0200
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
                          A = F[ "file-date" ]
                          if ( A == "" )
                               exit FATAL( "missing File-Date" )
-                         print L A "' />"
+                         print L A "' >"
                     }
 
                     for ( NAME in F ) delete F[ NAME ]
@@ -116,4 +116,4 @@
                     }
                     if ( --NN ) print "</" DOCT ">"
                     print NN " records processed" > "/dev/tty"
-               }
\ No newline at end of file
+               }

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 12:38:45AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 36 lines which said:

> > if we move to XML with IANA concurrence, we'll get UTF-8 anyway.
> 
> Several issues here: Where does the "IANA will convert everything to
> XML" rumour come from?

It was announced by David Conrad, director of IANA, at the APRICOT
conference in Perth in january 2006 and confirmed more recently by a
private email from Kim Davies, IANA.

You can email them if you want to check:

David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Kim Davies <kim.davies@icann.org>

> IANA can't simply reformat all their registries when they feel like
> it.

I disagree: most registries have no format specification at all, the
RFC is silent about it. I believe that the LTR is an exception, not
the rule, since its authoritative RFC mandates a registry format.



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On Fri, Sep 15, 2006 at 10:26:09AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 160 lines which said:

> Just for fun I've created a gawk-script to convert the registry to
> XML

The output is not well-formed XML. Here is a patch:

--- ltru2xml.awk.orig   2006-09-17 18:08:18.656912781 +0200
+++ ltru2xml.awk        2006-09-17 18:08:10.536819185 +0200
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
                          A = F[ "file-date" ]
                          if ( A == "" )
                               exit FATAL( "missing File-Date" )
-                         print L A "' />"
+                         print L A "' >"
                     }
 
                     for ( NAME in F ) delete F[ NAME ]
@@ -116,4 +116,4 @@
                     }
                     if ( --NN ) print "</" DOCT ">"
                     print NN " records processed" > "/dev/tty"
-               }
\ No newline at end of file
+               }

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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 12:38:45AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 36 lines which said:

> > if we move to XML with IANA concurrence, we'll get UTF-8 anyway.
> 
> Several issues here: Where does the "IANA will convert everything to
> XML" rumour come from?

It was announced by David Conrad, director of IANA, at the APRICOT
conference in Perth in january 2006 and confirmed more recently by a
private email from Kim Davies, IANA.

You can email them if you want to check:

David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Kim Davies <kim.davies@icann.org>

> IANA can't simply reformat all their registries when they feel like
> it.

I disagree: most registries have no format specification at all, the
RFC is silent about it. I believe that the LTR is an exception, not
the rule, since its authoritative RFC mandates a registry format.



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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 12:34:47PM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 62 lines which said:

> I've no clue what FTP clients would do with something like that.
> John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some troubles to
> understand his last published version.

John Klensin's draft-klensin-net-utf8-02.txt addresses a very
important point: how to represent the end-of-line? Try yourself now:
the registry transferred from the IANA site with FTP or with HTTP does
not have the same end-of-line (and that's what crashed your awk file,
in the bug report I sent you privately).

I did not read the record-jar draft yet. I hope it addresses the
issue. Otherwise, this is one more reason to move to XML :-)
 
> We've no clear idea which tools will exist for the 4646 format in
> six months, how they do their updates (http or ftp), and what local
> conversions they use.  Doug already proposed that an UTF-8 version
> might have to keep the &amp; convention, that could be confusing.
> And we'd have to decide if a signature is required, another change
> of the record-jar ABNF.

This is the sort of things that happen when you reinvent the wheel,
and create a new format for a registry, instead of trusting existing
formats...


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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

>> At the very least, there would have to be an AUTH48-like period where 
>> we could review the end product and make corrections before it was 
>> publicly posted on IANA's site.
>
> We got that last time round, so I don't see a problem here.

I got an AUTH48 for RFC 4645, but that was after the Registry contents 
were stripped out.  I'm talking about the actual contents of the 
Registry submitted to IANA.  So far there have been three errors in 
versions posted by IANA after adding incremental updates.  If IANA needs 
to do any sort of processing at all, there should be a way for the 
Reviewer (or his proxy :) to review the finished product before it is 
posted publicly.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 12:42:14 2006
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On Sun, Sep 17, 2006 at 02:19:12AM -0400,
 John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote 
 a message of 58 lines which said:

> 2) Add an explicit "irregular" production in place of the "grandfathered"
> production which explicitly enumerates the 17 irregular grandfathered
> tags, thus:

+1

(When I wrote a parser, I suppressed that production from my grammar,
replacing it with a list of grandfathered tags, extracted from the
registry. I prefer when the parser's gramamr is as close as possible
from the RFC's gramamr.)

> It is safe to enumerate this list explicitly, as it can neither grow
> nor shrink.

Yes, that's the big reason for me.


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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,
 Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote 
 a message of 98 lines which said:

> BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a
> single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:

Isn't it too lax? When testing it in a Perl script, I find it accepts
all my well-formed tags (OK) but also accepts wrongly:

fr-Latn-F is well-formed
en-a-bbb-a-ccc is well-formed
tlh-a-b-foo is well-formed
abcdefghi-012345678 is well-formed
ab-abc-abc-abc-abc is well-formed
ab-abcd-abc is well-formed
ab-ab-abc is well-formed
ab-123-abc is well-formed
ab-abcde-abc is well-formed
ab-1abc-abc is well-formed
ab-ab-abcd is well-formed
ab-123-abcd is well-formed
ab-abcde-abcd is well-formed
ab-1abc-abcd is well-formed
ab-a-b is well-formed
ab-a-x is well-formed
ab--ab is well-formed
ab-abc- is well-formed
ab-c-abc-r-toto-c-abc is well-formed
abcd-efg is well-formed
aabbccddE is well-formed

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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

>> John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some troubles to 
>> understand his last published version.
>
> That isn't very relevant, except that it suggests normalization to 
> NFC, which I assume we would do anyway, and which is already an issue 
> in the case of NCRs.

Both the current Registry and the prototype 4646bis version are in NFC. 
Frankly, it hadn't occurred to me to do it any other way.

This raises an interesting subpoint:  I suppose either 4646bis or 
4645bis should state explicitly that the Registry is in NFC.

>> Another issue are fonts, for RFC 4646 there were proposals to 
>> restrict the registry to Latn.
>
> Bad idea. Any average browser installation has way wider coverage.

I'm not sure whether "ASCII," "Latin-1," or "the Latin script" was 
intended here.  More below.

Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> replied:

> Or way less, almost certainly not "all Latn", the next least common 
> denominator after Latin-1 could be MES-1.

The Registry presented in 4645bis will tentatively contain:

* 497 instances of characters not in ASCII
* 4 instances of characters not in Latin-1
* 1 instance of a character not in MES-1 (U+02BB, the "smart" 
apostrophe/modifier letter added to Ge'ez).  It is in MES-2.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14



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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> Add an explicit "irregular" production
>
> Interesting idea.  Maybe add "zh-hakka" as "almost irregular", or 
> let's _define_ hakka as deprecated zh variant.

"Irregular" means "not conforming to the ABNF of 4646."  I don't see the 
problem syntactically with "zh-hakka".  It probably would have been made 
into a language-variant pair already, if not for the fact that ISO 639-3 
will allow "zh-hak".

> For zh-cmn I hope 4646bis will solve a "missing cmn" issue as side 
> effect.

There's no problem with "zh-cmn".  One grandfathered tag is the 
Preferred-Value for another.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 13:12:17 2006
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Good point. I like the idea of the irregular list.

Addison

John Cowan wrote:
> Section 2.2.9 of RFC 4646 says:
> 
>    An implementation that claims to check for well-formed language tags
>    MUST:
> 
>    o  Check that the tag and all of its subtags, including extension and
>       private use subtags, conform to the ABNF OR that the tag is on the
>       list of grandfathered tags.
> 
>    o  Check that singleton subtags that identify extensions do not
>       repeat.  For example, the tag "en-a-xx-b-yy-a-zz" is not well-
>       formed.
> 
> (I have emphasized the word OR in the first bullet point.)
> 
> Unfortunately, this wording allows too much.  For example, the invalid tag
> "ra-bb-it" matches the "grandfathered" rule in the ABNF.  Therefore it
> winds up being well-formed even though it cannot be analyzed as a sequence
> of subtags and is not on the grandfathered list either.
> 
> To avoid this, we can take one of two actions:
> 
> 1) Remove the "grandfathered" production in the ABNF altogether, and use
> the "OR" in the conformance clause to allow the irregular grandfathered
> tags (that is, those which don't match the "langtag" or "privateuse"
> productions) to be well-formed.  The danger here is that people will
> implement the ABNF only, and the grandfathered tags will become outright
> unusable rather than merely discouraged.
> 
> 2) Add an explicit "irregular" production in place of the "grandfathered"
> production which explicitly enumerates the 17 irregular grandfathered
> tags, thus:
> 
> irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
>             / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
>             / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu"
>             / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
> 
> It is safe to enumerate this list explicitly, as it can neither grow
> nor shrink.  It's true that all the tags except "i-default" can become
> deprecated, but that makes no difference to well-formed processors.
> The other grandfathered tags in the registry are all well-formed already
> and do not need to be in this list.
> 
> In this case the conformance clause can be simplified by omitting the
> second part of the "OR".
> 
> I favor choice 2.
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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On Sun, Sep 17, 2006 at 05:43:26PM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 36 lines which said:

> With a DTD some ABNF details are lost, I've used the name for a hint
> about the real type (NMTOKEN isn't very precise for dates ;-)

Yes, one more reason to drop DTD (it is the only XML schema language
without typing).

> > I do not see Preferred-value in your schema?
> 
> It's the optional (#IMPLIED) "tag" in a <deprecated> element.

OK, sorry for missing it.
 
> Your RELAXed spec. is Greek to me. 

Well, if you know DTD and not RelaxNG, I'm not surprised. But people,
specially software people, who have no prior experience with either
DTD or RelaxNG, often find that RelaxNG is more readable.

Anyway, it is probably not a good idea to start a lengthy discussion
about the various schema languages for XML (specially since we can
have several: some W3C standards work that way, and RFC 2629 has an
unofficial RelaxNG schema, as well as the old and official DTD).

> That's no problem, but it also won't work as is with a DTD
> validator.

Of course. And your DTD will not work with a RelaxNG validator
either. What's the point? To prove that a Perl script will not run
with a Python compiler? :-)


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Martin Duerst wrote:
>>
>>>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted out (e.g. using attachments).
>>> Or sending the form in escaped ASCII and telling IANA to unescape it.
>> <shudder />
> 
> Agreed.

Yeah, well, or we could give them a set of tools for assembling and 
validating the file. A UTF-8 checker (I have them in perl, Java, C 
flavors, etc.) is easy enough to provide. I don't know the details, but 
there is even a tools site that could host the validator.

> 
>>> I don't see any reason for us to dabble in transfer encodings!
>> No, please.
> 
> Of course we shouldn't invent new transfer encodings.
> But suggesting to IANA that they also offer the file as
> compressed over HTTP should be okay, or not?
> 

Not in the RFC, though, eh?

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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By the way: nothing says we have to put the actual updated registry into=20
the I-D. Yes, we did it that way last time. But that is NOT the only way=20
to transmit data to them. And I purposely selected the text in=20
4646bis-00 to *not* specifically state what form the update would take.

I would suggest that it would be just as easy and/or better to specify=20
that the LSTR (via his technical helper, aka Doug) create and verify the=20
updated registry before forwarding it.

In fact, I've been thinking about text that Doug could use in 4645bis to=20
manage the interregnum process and I'll send that to the list shortly.

Addison

Martin Duerst wrote:
> At 19:34 06/09/16, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>> Martin Duerst wrote:
>>
>>  [UTF-8 registry]
>>>> I'm opposed.
>>> It would be good to know why.
>> ftp://ftp.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
>>
>> I've no clue what FTP clients would do with something like
>> that.
>=20
> Just save the file. If it's transferred as text, things
> may go wrong for an EBCDIC system. If transferred as
> binary, it will still be UTF-8.
>=20
>> John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some
>> troubles to understand his last published version.
>=20
> That isn't very relevant, except that it suggests
> normalization to NFC, which I assume we would do anyway,
> and which is already an issue in the case of NCRs.
>=20
>> Another issue are fonts, for RFC 4646 there were proposals
>> to restrict the registry to Latn.
>=20
> Bad idea. Any average browser installation has way wider
> coverage.
>=20
>> Fortunately that was
>> dropped, because the problem doen't exist with US-ASCII
>> plus NCRs.
>>
>>> something like Bokm&#xE5;l is just plain annoying.
>> At least we know what this is.  Bokm=E3=83=86=E3=83=BBl is less clear =
-
>> raw UTF-8 displayed as Latin-1, http://purl.net/net/ucode/E5
>=20
> Well, and then interpreted as Shift-JIS in the case of my
> mailer :-(. Our spec as well as the HTTP headers will say
> that it's UTF-8. That should be enough. People who are
> okay to see garbage will be as satisfied with Bokm&#xE5;
> as they are with Bokm=E3=83=86=E3=83=BBl, or any other weird rendering,
> but people who like to see the real thing will be best
> served by UTF-8.
>=20
>>> I'm sure the logistic problems with IANA can be sorted
>>> out (e.g. using attachments).
>> Yes.  I doubt that there is any logistic problem for mail
>> submissions.  Only for the bulk update, the fattest I-D in
>> the history of the Internet using B64, they'd shoot us.
>=20
> We could define a process experiment. As it is only for
> an I-D, not for an RFC, that should work. I have seen
> non-ASCII stuff in I-Ds, but checks may be a bit more
> strict nowadays.
>=20
>> We could try QP, and silently send them Doug's original
>> data (as mail) in addition to the I-D.
>=20
> If 'them' is IANA, that might work. If 'them' is the
> Internet-Drafts Editor, that'd not make sense.
>=20
>> We've no clear idea which tools will exist for the 4646
>> format in six months, how they do their updates (http or
>> ftp), and what local conversions they use.  Doug already
>> proposed that an UTF-8 version might have to keep the
>> &amp; convention, that could be confusing.
>=20
> Yes. I'd agree that '&#x' sequences might need escaping,
> but I don't expect any of these. Simple & would be okay
> unescaped, it would trigger an error in strictly implemented
> RFC 4646 software, the same way as UTF-8, and would not
> cause any interpretation problems.
>=20
>> And we'd have
>> to decide if a signature is required, another change of
>> the record-jar ABNF.
>=20
> Yes. No signature, please.
>=20
>>> compression, this can be done mostly transparently.
>>> browsers tell servers what encodings they support, e.g.
>>> like so:
>>> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip, x-gzip, identity, *;q=3D0
>> ACK, I forgot this, my favourite browser uses HTTP/1.0 ;-)
>>
>> An explicit gzip variant could still make sense for ftp
>> and HTTP/1.0 (?)
>=20
> Yes.
>=20
>> We can add some "IANA might consider to
>> offer" blurb in the IANA considerations, but IMO we can't
>> tell them how to run their servers.
>=20
> Agreed.
>=20
>=20
> Regards,    Martin.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.j=
p    =20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

--=20
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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> 
>>> What is "modified" about the Registry's format as compared
>>> to "standard" record-jar?
>  
>> Since there ain't no such beast as "standard record-jar",
>> nothing.
> 
> Does the original record-jar allow comments introduced by % ?
> For "original" = as published in the [record-jar] reference.
> Looking into your updated draft, you have %% comment, and
> some backslash magic, that's "modified" wrt RFC 4646.
> 

Art of Unix Programming [AOUP] doesn't say. I introduced comments in 
draft-record-jar because I think they were a stupid decision on our part 
in 4646--and note that AOUP endorses (strongly recommends) a comment syntax.

My draft is modified vs. 4646, although currently 4646 modifies the 
syntax by regulating (prohibiting) certain record-jar features in my 
draft. So.... 4646 is "modified" record-jar by that, unpublished, measure.

On the other hand, AOUP isn't specific enough to know whether 4646 is 
modified or not.

:-)

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Capitalization doesn't mean anything in language tags and never has. We 
should fix it in the registry (via the reg process if possible, but 
certainly via 4645bis if not)

Addison

Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Doug Ewell wrote:
> 
>>> with XML ID _latn is not _Latn.
> 
>> It's capitalized that way because it was registered that way
>> under RFC 3066.
> 
> Could we add this oddity as another exception (like zh-min) to
> 4645bis, or is it more straight forward if I try to update it
> directly using the language list ?
> 
> Frank
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
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-- 
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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> Well, and then interpreted as Shift-JIS in the case of my
> mailer :-(. Our spec as well as the HTTP headers will say
> that it's UTF-8. That should be enough. People who are
> okay to see garbage will be as satisfied with Bokm&#xE5;
> as they are with Bokm?$B%F!&l, or any other weird rendering,
> but people who like to see the real thing will be best
> served by UTF-8.

Bokm&#xE5;l is at least reconstructible without knowing anything
except the SGML character reference conventions and the
codepoints of Unicode characters; Bokm?$B%F!&l (which is the
way it got to me, sans ESC characters) is nothing but rubbish.

This is an *excellent* example of why we need explicit escaping
(for which SGML is as good a convention as any) rather than
encoding, given the present state of email.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
In the sciences, we are now uniquely privileged to sit side by side
with the giants on whose shoulders we stand.
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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 06:49:54AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 68 lines which said:

> It would also break a main feature of 4646, minus grandfathered
> cruft you can decompose a tag into subtags, and you always know what
> each subtag is if you keep the leading hyphen: -1234 => must be a
> variant, -abcd => must be a script, -123 => must be an UN M.49
> number, -ab => must be a 3166 CC, -abc => extlang, abc => language,
> ab => language, abcd => language (not yet possible), etc.

I do not believe it is true. In "fr-x-abcd", "-abcd" is not a script.

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John Cowan wrote:
> 
>> Well, and then interpreted as Shift-JIS in the case of my
>> mailer :-(. Our spec as well as the HTTP headers will say
>> that it's UTF-8. That should be enough. People who are
>> okay to see garbage will be as satisfied with Bokm&#xE5;
>> as they are with Bokm?$B%F!&l, or any other weird rendering,
>> but people who like to see the real thing will be best
>> served by UTF-8.
> 
> Bokm&#xE5;l is at least reconstructible without knowing anything
> except the SGML character reference conventions and the
> codepoints of Unicode characters; Bokm?$B%F!&l (which is the
> way it got to me, sans ESC characters) is nothing but rubbish.

Well, that's mozibake: it's ISO 2022-JP encoding of the Shift-JIS 
characters made by mis-interpreting UTF-8 bytes. Lovely.

> 
> This is an *excellent* example of why we need explicit escaping
> (for which SGML is as good a convention as any) rather than
> encoding, given the present state of email.
> 

But that consideration doesn't apply to the registry file. It only 
applies to the discussion of a registry entry on ietf-languages. 
Admittedly MUAs vary greatly in their support for encodings, but we can 
certainly specify directions for how to send the registration request to 
the list so that everyone can tell what code points are intended and 
other instructions for how to encode those characters in the registry.

Suggestions to limit the character repertoire strike me as counter 
productive too. Why would we do that? I could see, for example, that we 
might end up with a few Chinese descriptions or comments in the registry 
to disambiguate Chinese variations. Why artificially restrict it 'ab 
initio'?

I find this fascination with ASCII slightly quaint.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> I do not believe it is true. In "fr-x-abcd", "-abcd" is not a script.

Well, it's true if you deal with private-use and extension subtags first.

-- 
LEAR: Dost thou call me fool, boy?      John Cowan
FOOL: All thy other titles              http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
             thou hast given away:      cowan@ccil.org
      That thou wast born with.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 17:13:42 2006
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To: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> >Bokm?$B%F!&l (which is the
> >way it got to me, sans ESC characters) is nothing but rubbish.
> 
> Well, that's mozibake: it's ISO 2022-JP encoding of the Shift-JIS 
> characters made by mis-interpreting UTF-8 bytes. Lovely.

Not even.  My mailer suppresses ESC characters altogether,
so the result is pure printable ASCII again, ergo unreconstructible.

> But that consideration doesn't apply to the registry file. It only 
> applies to the discussion of a registry entry on ietf-languages. 
> Admittedly MUAs vary greatly in their support for encodings, but we can 
> certainly specify directions for how to send the registration request to 
> the list so that everyone can tell what code points are intended and 
> other instructions for how to encode those characters in the registry.

Directions which work uniformly across all native encodings, operating
environments, and mailers?  I venture to doubt it.

> Suggestions to limit the character repertoire strike me as counter 
> productive too. 

+1

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
In the sciences, we are now uniquely privileged to sit side by side
with the giants on whose shoulders we stand.
        --Gerald Holton

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Fixed, thanks!

Mark

On 9/16/06, Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote:
>
> There's a mistake in the regex, from the underlying
> langtagRegex.txt, that allows zh-zh-cmn-Hans.
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
>
> At 08:28 06/09/17, Mark Davis wrote:
> >BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a single
> Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
> >
> >Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z A-Z]{4,8}
> ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | [0-9]{3} ))
> )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: [-] (?:
> [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [a-w
> y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z]
> (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z
> 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?: boont
> | GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian | hak |
> klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?: bok |
> nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn | zh
> [-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-] nan |
> wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))
> >
> >It checks for the grandfathered tags, since otherwise too much cruft
> sneaks in. You can't check in regex that there are only single instances of
> each singleton extension. (In retrospect we could have allowed multiple
> singletons: we could have accepted en-a-bcdef-ghijk-b-123 -a-lmnop as
> equivalent to the canonical form en-a-bcdef-ghijk-lmnop-b-123, but that's
> water under the bridge at this point.) Of course, I didn't put this together
> by hand. The table used to build it is much more readable, at
> >
> ><
> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt
> >
> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt
> >
> >and a test file that includes strings mentioned on this list is at:
> >
> ><
> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt
> >
> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt
> >Mark
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>

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Fixed, thanks!<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/16/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Martin Duerst</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
There's a mistake in the regex, from the underlying<br>langtagRegex.txt, that allows zh-zh-cmn-Hans.<br><br>Regards,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Martin.<br><br><br>At 08:28 06/09/17, Mark Davis wrote:<br>&gt;BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
<br>&gt;<br>&gt;Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z A-Z]{4,8} ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | [0-9]{3} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: [-] (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?: boont | GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian | hak | klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?: bok | nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn | zh [-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-] nan | wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))
<br>&gt;<br>&gt;It checks for the grandfathered tags, since otherwise too much cruft sneaks in. You can't check in regex that there are only single instances of each singleton extension. (In retrospect we could have allowed multiple singletons: we could have accepted en-a-bcdef-ghijk-b-123 -a-lmnop as equivalent to the canonical form en-a-bcdef-ghijk-lmnop-b-123, but that's water under the bridge at this point.) Of course, I didn't put this together by hand. The table used to build it is much more readable, at
<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&lt;<a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt">http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt</a>&gt;<a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt">
http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt</a><br>&gt;<br>&gt;and a test file that includes strings mentioned on this list is at:<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&lt;<a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt">
http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt</a>&gt;<a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt">http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt
</a><br>&gt;Mark<br><br><br>#-#-#&nbsp;&nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>#-#-#&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp">http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mailto:<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">
duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br>

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Test suite for language tags?
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That's odd. Testing in Java on the file
http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt(which
includes those cases) the only failures I get are the ones that
repeat extensions (like en-a-bbb-a-ccc), which can't be tested for with
regex. I don't think I'm using any regex syntax that differs between Java
and Perl (there are very few instances).

Note: I added a number of mechanically generated items to the test file.

Mark

On 9/17/06, Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:
>
> On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,
> Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote
> a message of 98 lines which said:
>
> > BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a
> > single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
>
> Isn't it too lax? When testing it in a Perl script, I find it accepts
> all my well-formed tags (OK) but also accepts wrongly:
>
> fr-Latn-F is well-formed
> en-a-bbb-a-ccc is well-formed
> tlh-a-b-foo is well-formed
> abcdefghi-012345678 is well-formed
> ab-abc-abc-abc-abc is well-formed
> ab-abcd-abc is well-formed
> ab-ab-abc is well-formed
> ab-123-abc is well-formed
> ab-abcde-abc is well-formed
> ab-1abc-abc is well-formed
> ab-ab-abcd is well-formed
> ab-123-abcd is well-formed
> ab-abcde-abcd is well-formed
> ab-1abc-abcd is well-formed
> ab-a-b is well-formed
> ab-a-x is well-formed
> ab--ab is well-formed
> ab-abc- is well-formed
> ab-c-abc-r-toto-c-abc is well-formed
> abcd-efg is well-formed
> aabbccddE is well-formed
>

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That's odd. Testing in Java on the file <a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt">http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt</a> (which includes those cases) the only failures I get are the ones that repeat extensions (like en-a-bbb-a-ccc), which can't be tested for with regex. I don't think I'm using any regex syntax that differs between Java and Perl (there are very few instances).
<br><br>Note: I added a number of mechanically generated items to the test file.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/17/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Stephane Bortzmeyer</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:bortzmeyer@nic.fr">
bortzmeyer@nic.fr</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,<br> Mark Davis &lt;
<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt; wrote<br> a message of 98 lines which said:<br><br>&gt; BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a<br>&gt; single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
<br><br>Isn't it too lax? When testing it in a Perl script, I find it accepts<br>all my well-formed tags (OK) but also accepts wrongly:<br><br>fr-Latn-F is well-formed<br>en-a-bbb-a-ccc is well-formed<br>tlh-a-b-foo is well-formed
<br>abcdefghi-012345678 is well-formed<br>ab-abc-abc-abc-abc is well-formed<br>ab-abcd-abc is well-formed<br>ab-ab-abc is well-formed<br>ab-123-abc is well-formed<br>ab-abcde-abc is well-formed<br>ab-1abc-abc is well-formed
<br>ab-ab-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-123-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-abcde-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-1abc-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-a-b is well-formed<br>ab-a-x is well-formed<br>ab--ab is well-formed<br>ab-abc- is well-formed
<br>ab-c-abc-r-toto-c-abc is well-formed<br>abcd-efg is well-formed<br>aabbccddE is well-formed<br></blockquote></div><br>

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Test suite for language tags?
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BTW, here is the regex with the fix for the problem that Martin noticed, and
also restricted to the irregular grandfathered codes.

(?: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z A-Z]{4,8} ))(?:
[-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )? (?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | [0-9]{3} )) )? (?:
[-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: [-] (?: [0-9]
[a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )? (?: [-] ((?: (?: [a-w y-z
A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?:
[-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )? (?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z
0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?  ) |    ((?: (?i)en [-] GB [-] oed|    i [-] (?: ami |
bnn | default | enochian | hak | klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao
| tay | tsu )|    sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de))) |    ((?:
[xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))

Mark

On 9/17/06, Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote:
>
> That's odd. Testing in Java on the file
> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt(which includes those cases) the only failures I get are the ones that
> repeat extensions (like en-a-bbb-a-ccc), which can't be tested for with
> regex. I don't think I'm using any regex syntax that differs between Java
> and Perl (there are very few instances).
>
> Note: I added a number of mechanically generated items to the test file.
>
> Mark
>
>
> On 9/17/06, Stephane Bortzmeyer < bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:
> >
> > On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,
> > Mark Davis < mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote
> > a message of 98 lines which said:
> >
> > > BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a
> > > single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
> >
> > Isn't it too lax? When testing it in a Perl script, I find it accepts
> > all my well-formed tags (OK) but also accepts wrongly:
> >
> > fr-Latn-F is well-formed
> > en-a-bbb-a-ccc is well-formed
> > tlh-a-b-foo is well-formed
> > abcdefghi-012345678 is well-formed
> > ab-abc-abc-abc-abc is well-formed
> > ab-abcd-abc is well-formed
> > ab-ab-abc is well-formed
> > ab-123-abc is well-formed
> > ab-abcde-abc is well-formed
> > ab-1abc-abc is well-formed
> > ab-ab-abcd is well-formed
> > ab-123-abcd is well-formed
> > ab-abcde-abcd is well-formed
> > ab-1abc-abcd is well-formed
> > ab-a-b is well-formed
> > ab-a-x is well-formed
> > ab--ab is well-formed
> > ab-abc- is well-formed
> > ab-c-abc-r-toto-c-abc is well-formed
> > abcd-efg is well-formed
> > aabbccddE is well-formed
> >
>
>

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BTW, here is the regex with the fix for the problem that Martin noticed, and also restricted to the irregular grandfathered codes.<br><br>(?: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z A-Z]{4,8} ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )? (?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | [0-9]{3} )) )? (?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: [-] (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )? (?: [-] ((?: (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )? (?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?&nbsp; ) |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ((?: (?i)en [-] GB [-] oed|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian | hak | klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de))) |&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) 
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/17/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Mark Davis</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<div>That's odd. Testing in Java on the file <a href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt
</a>  (which includes those cases) the only failures I get are the ones that repeat extensions (like en-a-bbb-a-ccc), which can't be tested for with <span id="st" name="st" class="st">regex</span>. I don't think I'm using any 
<span id="st" name="st" class="st">regex</span> syntax that differs between Java and Perl (there are very few instances).
<br><br>Note: I added a number of mechanically generated items to the test file.<br></div><div><span class="sg"><br>Mark</span></div><div><span class="e" id="q_10dbdc60ea9946ff_2"><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/17/06, 
<b class="gmail_sendername">Stephane Bortzmeyer</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:bortzmeyer@nic.fr" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
bortzmeyer@nic.fr</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,<br> Mark Davis &lt;
<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt; wrote<br> a message of 98 lines which said:<br><br>&gt; BTW, I had updated my regex to the final spec for 4646. Here is a
<br>&gt; single Perl or Java regex that does most of the parse:
<br><br>Isn't it too lax? When testing it in a Perl script, I find it accepts<br>all my well-formed tags (OK) but also accepts wrongly:<br><br>fr-Latn-F is well-formed<br>en-a-bbb-a-ccc is well-formed<br>tlh-a-b-foo is well-formed
<br>abcdefghi-012345678 is well-formed<br>ab-abc-abc-abc-abc is well-formed<br>ab-abcd-abc is well-formed<br>ab-ab-abc is well-formed<br>ab-123-abc is well-formed<br>ab-abcde-abc is well-formed<br>ab-1abc-abc is well-formed
<br>ab-ab-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-123-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-abcde-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-1abc-abcd is well-formed<br>ab-a-b is well-formed<br>ab-a-x is well-formed<br>ab--ab is well-formed<br>ab-abc- is well-formed
<br>ab-c-abc-r-toto-c-abc is well-formed<br>abcd-efg is well-formed<br>aabbccddE is well-formed<br></blockquote></div><br>

</span></div></blockquote></div><br>

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I do as well. Note that the BNF provides both checks of well-formedness
(partial, because of repeating extensions), but also a division into
semantic units. So we'd have to do something like:

grandfathered = irregular
            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered
grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be
valid

irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
           / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
           / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu"
           / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"

We could also break them down into other divisions ;-)

grandfathered = "i-" irregular
            / irregularEverson
            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered
grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be
valid

irregulari = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / "klingon" /
"lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"
irregularEverson = "en-GB-oed" / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"

Mark

On 9/17/06, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
> Good point. I like the idea of the irregular list.
>
> Addison
>
> John Cowan wrote:
> > Section 2.2.9 of RFC 4646 says:
> >
> >    An implementation that claims to check for well-formed language tags
> >    MUST:
> >
> >    o  Check that the tag and all of its subtags, including extension and
> >       private use subtags, conform to the ABNF OR that the tag is on the
> >       list of grandfathered tags.
> >
> >    o  Check that singleton subtags that identify extensions do not
> >       repeat.  For example, the tag "en-a-xx-b-yy-a-zz" is not well-
> >       formed.
> >
> > (I have emphasized the word OR in the first bullet point.)
> >
> > Unfortunately, this wording allows too much.  For example, the invalid
> tag
> > "ra-bb-it" matches the "grandfathered" rule in the ABNF.  Therefore it
> > winds up being well-formed even though it cannot be analyzed as a
> sequence
> > of subtags and is not on the grandfathered list either.
> >
> > To avoid this, we can take one of two actions:
> >
> > 1) Remove the "grandfathered" production in the ABNF altogether, and use
> > the "OR" in the conformance clause to allow the irregular grandfathered
> > tags (that is, those which don't match the "langtag" or "privateuse"
> > productions) to be well-formed.  The danger here is that people will
> > implement the ABNF only, and the grandfathered tags will become outright
> > unusable rather than merely discouraged.
> >
> > 2) Add an explicit "irregular" production in place of the
> "grandfathered"
> > production which explicitly enumerates the 17 irregular grandfathered
> > tags, thus:
> >
> > irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
> >             / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
> >             / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu"
> >             / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
> >
> > It is safe to enumerate this list explicitly, as it can neither grow
> > nor shrink.  It's true that all the tags except "i-default" can become
> > deprecated, but that makes no difference to well-formed processors.
> > The other grandfathered tags in the registry are all well-formed already
> > and do not need to be in this list.
> >
> > In this case the conformance clause can be simplified by omitting the
> > second part of the "OR".
> >
> > I favor choice 2.
> >
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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I do as well. Note that the BNF provides both checks of well-formedness (partial, because of repeating extensions), but also a division into semantic units. So we'd have to do something like:<br><br><pre>grandfathered = irregular 
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/ 1*3ALPHA 1*2(&quot;-&quot; (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid<br></pre><span id="st" name="st" class="st">irregular</span> = &quot;en-GB-oed&quot; / &quot;i-ami&quot; / &quot;i-bnn&quot; / &quot;i-default&quot;
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/ &quot;i-enochian&quot; / &quot;i-hak&quot; / &quot;i-klingon&quot; / &quot;i-lux&quot; / &quot;i-mingo&quot;<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/ &quot;i-navajo&quot; / &quot;i-pwn&quot; / &quot;i-tao&quot; / &quot;i-tay&quot; / &quot;i-tsu&quot;
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/ &quot;sgn-BE-fr&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-nl&quot; / &quot;sgn-CH-de&quot;<br><br>We could also break them down into other divisions ;-)<br><br><pre>grandfathered = &quot;i-&quot; irregular<br>            / irregularEverson
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;/ 1*3ALPHA 1*2(&quot;-&quot; (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid</pre>
<span id="st" name="st" class="st">irregulari</span> = &quot;ami&quot; / &quot;bnn&quot; / &quot;default&quot; / &quot;enochian&quot; / &quot;hak&quot; / &quot;klingon&quot; / &quot;lux&quot; / &quot;mingo&quot; / &quot;navajo&quot; / &quot;pwn&quot; / &quot;tao&quot; / &quot;tay&quot; / &quot;tsu&quot;
<br><span id="st" name="st" class="st">irregularEverson </span>= &quot;en-GB-oed&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-fr&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-nl&quot; / &quot;sgn-CH-de&quot;<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/17/06, 
<b class="gmail_sendername">Addison Phillips</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Good point. I like the idea of the irregular list.<br><br>Addison<br><br>John Cowan wrote:<br>&gt; Section 2.2.9 of RFC 4646 says:<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;An implementation that claims to check for well-formed language tags<br>
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MUST:<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&nbsp;Check that the tag and all of its subtags, including extension and<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; private use subtags, conform to the ABNF OR that the tag is on the<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; list of grandfathered tags.
<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&nbsp;&nbsp;Check that singleton subtags that identify extensions do not<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; repeat.&nbsp;&nbsp;For example, the tag &quot;en-a-xx-b-yy-a-zz&quot; is not well-<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; formed.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; (I have emphasized the word OR in the first bullet point.)
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Unfortunately, this wording allows too much.&nbsp;&nbsp;For example, the invalid tag<br>&gt; &quot;ra-bb-it&quot; matches the &quot;grandfathered&quot; rule in the ABNF.&nbsp;&nbsp;Therefore it<br>&gt; winds up being well-formed even though it cannot be analyzed as a sequence
<br>&gt; of subtags and is not on the grandfathered list either.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; To avoid this, we can take one of two actions:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; 1) Remove the &quot;grandfathered&quot; production in the ABNF altogether, and use
<br>&gt; the &quot;OR&quot; in the conformance clause to allow the irregular grandfathered<br>&gt; tags (that is, those which don't match the &quot;langtag&quot; or &quot;privateuse&quot;<br>&gt; productions) to be well-formed.&nbsp;&nbsp;The danger here is that people will
<br>&gt; implement the ABNF only, and the grandfathered tags will become outright<br>&gt; unusable rather than merely discouraged.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; 2) Add an explicit &quot;irregular&quot; production in place of the &quot;grandfathered&quot;
<br>&gt; production which explicitly enumerates the 17 irregular grandfathered<br>&gt; tags, thus:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; irregular = &quot;en-GB-oed&quot; / &quot;i-ami&quot; / &quot;i-bnn&quot; / &quot;i-default&quot;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / &quot;i-enochian&quot; / &quot;i-hak&quot; / &quot;i-klingon&quot; / &quot;i-lux&quot; / &quot;i-mingo&quot;
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / &quot;i-navajo&quot; / &quot;i-pwn&quot; / &quot;i-tao&quot; / &quot;i-tay&quot; / &quot;i-tsu&quot;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / &quot;sgn-BE-fr&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-nl&quot; / &quot;sgn-CH-de&quot;<br>&gt;
<br>&gt; It is safe to enumerate this list explicitly, as it can neither grow<br>&gt; nor shrink.&nbsp;&nbsp;It's true that all the tags except &quot;i-default&quot; can become<br>&gt; deprecated, but that makes no difference to well-formed processors.
<br>&gt; The other grandfathered tags in the registry are all well-formed already<br>&gt; and do not need to be in this list.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; In this case the conformance clause can be simplified by omitting the<br>&gt; second part of the &quot;OR&quot;.
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I favor choice 2.<br>&gt;<br><br>--<br>Addison Phillips<br>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.<br><br>Internationalization is an architecture.<br>It is not a feature.<br><br>_______________________________________________
<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 18:24:21 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] On deprecating 639-2 language collections
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With the introduction of language subtags for most of the known languages
of the world, it's time to consider deprecating ISO 639-2-derived subtags
that represent collections of languages (as distinct from macrolanguages).

Under RFC 4646, if you want to tag a text in a Native American language
from North America that does not have its own subtag, the best you
can do is use the collection subtag "nai".  Now, however, all those
languages will appear under their own names with their own subtags, and
"nai" will never be necessary and rarely useful.  In addition, many of
the collection subtags are for genetic groups, like 'dra' "Dravidian
languages (Other)" and so are essentially unstable, because the list of
which languages are considered Dravidian may change over time.

Therefore, I decided to investigate how much, and which, language
collection subtags would be deprecated.

There are 68 code elements that appear in 639-2 but not 693-3, excluding
the bibliographic codes like 'ger', 'alb', and so on that are not used
in either 639-3 or RFC 4646.  One of these, 'sgn', is a special case,
to be treated by 4646bis as a de facto macrolanguage.

Of the remaining 67, 55 are uncontroversially collections; they include
either the string "languages" (as in 'nai', "North American languages")
or the string "(Other)" (as in 'dra', "Dravidian (Other)") in their
639-2 names.  (Note that 'mul', "Multiple languages", contains the string
"languages" in its name but is part of 639-3 and should not be deprecated;
'sgn' likewise should not be deprecated.)

The remaining 12 codes appear below.  The 14th Edition of the
Ethnologue is now obsolete, but still useful for explicating the
Ethnologue view (and implicitly the 639-3 view) of these codes:  see
http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_iso639.asp?code=xxx for information
on 639-2 code xxx.

'bad', "Banda"
'bih', "Bihari"
'btk', "Batak (Indonesia)"
'day', "Dayak"
'him', "Himachali"
'ijo', "Ijo"
'kar', "Karen"
'kro', "Kru"
'nah', "Nahuatl"
'nqo', "N'ko"
'son', "Songhai"
'znd', "Zande"

Notes:

There is a 639-3 language called 'bnd', "Banda", which is a particular
member of the 'bad' collection; and analogously for 'zne', "Zande
(specific)".

The 14th edition says this about 'day':

	The term "Dayak" is particularly problematic. It is a cover term
	used to refer to all non-Muslim peoples of Borneo. It is not a
	linguistic identifier, nor does it even refer to a single ethnic
	identity. According to MARC information, this code has been
	used in reference to various languages from several distinct
	branches of Western-Malayo-Polonesian, and thus it also does
	not correspond to some node in a genetic classification.

'nqo' does not appear in the 14th edition at all.

It is to be hoped that these 12 discrepancies are cleaned up in some way
by the 639/RA-JAC before RFC 4646bis goes into effect.	In any case, my
proposal is that all the code elements of 639-2 that are not in 639-3,
with the sole exception of 'sgn', should be deprecated as of Date C with
a comment of "Collection of languages" or the like.

-- 
By Elbereth and Luthien the Fair, you shall     cowan@ccil.org
have neither the Ring nor me!  --Frodo          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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Mark Davis scripsit:

> I do as well. Note that the BNF provides both checks of well-formedness
> (partial, because of repeating extensions), but also a division into
> semantic units. 

Well, it does and it doesn't.  It's true that "grandfathered" matches
all the grandfathered tags (and much else as well); but "langtag"
matches a good many grandfathered tags.  So I'd like to make a
firm distinction between syntactic irregularity (tags which cannot
be decomposed into subtags) and semantic grandfathering (tags which,
if they can be decomposed, produce the wrong meaning).

> irregulari = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / "klingon" /
> "lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"

This would save a little vertical space, but not much else.

-- 
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of Unopened Consciousness have been known to the        John Cowan
Great World eons longer than Extaboulism."
"Why is that?" the woman inquired.
"Because I just made that word up", the Master said wisely.
        --Kehlog Albran, The Profit             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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> 
>> But that consideration doesn't apply to the registry file. It only 
>> applies to the discussion of a registry entry on ietf-languages. 
>> Admittedly MUAs vary greatly in their support for encodings, but we can 
>> certainly specify directions for how to send the registration request to 
>> the list so that everyone can tell what code points are intended and 
>> other instructions for how to encode those characters in the registry.
> 
> Directions which work uniformly across all native encodings, operating
> environments, and mailers?  I venture to doubt it.
> 

Uh... how about something like "in your registration form, non-ASCII 
code points must be encoded as an XML-like NCR"

I didn't say that the registration forms had to support non-ASCII. Only 
that it be possible for everyone to tell what the code points were 
supposed to be and for IANA to arrive at a UTF-8 registry from them.

Addison

-- 
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Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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I'd prefer to tinker with the code lists as little as possible. I think 
that, with the introduction of 4646bis and 639-3, it might be wise to 
add some text in Section 4.1 (Choice) along the lines of:

---
#. Use specific language subtags or subtag sequences in preference to 
subtags for language collections. A "language collection" is a subtag 
derived from one of the ISO 639-2 codes that represents multiple related 
languages. For example, the code 'nai' represents "North American 
languages". The registry contains values for the specific languages 
represented by this collective code. For example 'xxx' (language1) and 
'yyy' (language2). Note that these languages are otherwise unrelated.
---


I wouldn't have a problem with deprecating these codes. Should we 
provide a list of Prefix values?

Addison

John Cowan wrote:
> With the introduction of language subtags for most of the known languages
> of the world, it's time to consider deprecating ISO 639-2-derived subtags
> that represent collections of languages (as distinct from macrolanguages).
> 
> Under RFC 4646, if you want to tag a text in a Native American language
> from North America that does not have its own subtag, the best you
> can do is use the collection subtag "nai".  Now, however, all those
> languages will appear under their own names with their own subtags, and
> "nai" will never be necessary and rarely useful.  In addition, many of
> the collection subtags are for genetic groups, like 'dra' "Dravidian
> languages (Other)" and so are essentially unstable, because the list of
> which languages are considered Dravidian may change over time.
> 
> Therefore, I decided to investigate how much, and which, language
> collection subtags would be deprecated.
> 
> There are 68 code elements that appear in 639-2 but not 693-3, excluding
> the bibliographic codes like 'ger', 'alb', and so on that are not used
> in either 639-3 or RFC 4646.  One of these, 'sgn', is a special case,
> to be treated by 4646bis as a de facto macrolanguage.
> 
> Of the remaining 67, 55 are uncontroversially collections; they include
> either the string "languages" (as in 'nai', "North American languages")
> or the string "(Other)" (as in 'dra', "Dravidian (Other)") in their
> 639-2 names.  (Note that 'mul', "Multiple languages", contains the string
> "languages" in its name but is part of 639-3 and should not be deprecated;
> 'sgn' likewise should not be deprecated.)
> 
> The remaining 12 codes appear below.  The 14th Edition of the
> Ethnologue is now obsolete, but still useful for explicating the
> Ethnologue view (and implicitly the 639-3 view) of these codes:  see
> http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_iso639.asp?code=xxx for information
> on 639-2 code xxx.
> 
> 'bad', "Banda"
> 'bih', "Bihari"
> 'btk', "Batak (Indonesia)"
> 'day', "Dayak"
> 'him', "Himachali"
> 'ijo', "Ijo"
> 'kar', "Karen"
> 'kro', "Kru"
> 'nah', "Nahuatl"
> 'nqo', "N'ko"
> 'son', "Songhai"
> 'znd', "Zande"
> 
> Notes:
> 
> There is a 639-3 language called 'bnd', "Banda", which is a particular
> member of the 'bad' collection; and analogously for 'zne', "Zande
> (specific)".
> 
> The 14th edition says this about 'day':
> 
> 	The term "Dayak" is particularly problematic. It is a cover term
> 	used to refer to all non-Muslim peoples of Borneo. It is not a
> 	linguistic identifier, nor does it even refer to a single ethnic
> 	identity. According to MARC information, this code has been
> 	used in reference to various languages from several distinct
> 	branches of Western-Malayo-Polonesian, and thus it also does
> 	not correspond to some node in a genetic classification.
> 
> 'nqo' does not appear in the 14th edition at all.
> 
> It is to be hoped that these 12 discrepancies are cleaned up in some way
> by the 639/RA-JAC before RFC 4646bis goes into effect.	In any case, my
> proposal is that all the code elements of 639-2 that are not in 639-3,
> with the sole exception of 'sgn', should be deprecated as of Date C with
> a comment of "Collection of languages" or the like.
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> Uh... how about something like "in your registration form, non-ASCII 
> code points must be encoded as an XML-like NCR"
> 
> I didn't say that the registration forms had to support non-ASCII. Only 
> that it be possible for everyone to tell what the code points were 
> supposed to be and for IANA to arrive at a UTF-8 registry from them.

Okay, I'm fine with that, provided the NCR version remains as the
normative version of the registry; this is justified by *stare decisis*.

-- 
John Cowan  http://ccil.org/~cowan    cowan@ccil.org
There are books that are at once excellent and boring.  Those that at
once leap to the mind are Thoreau's Walden, Emerson's Essays, George
Eliot's Adam Bede, and Landor's Dialogues.  --Somerset Maugham

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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> The new inputs to the Registry are the ISO/FDIS 639-3 online code 
>> tables.
>
> For the drafts before Last Call.  For the registry it should be the 
> then existing ISO 639-3:2007.

Of course.

>> the subtag "gd" currently has the descriptions "Gaelic" and "Scottish 
>> Gaelic"; the new description "Gaelic (Scots)" from 639-3 will be 
>> added.
>
> As Randy and Debbie wanted it.  You had convinced me that replacing 
> xxxx by xxxx (yyyy) instead of adding it might be okay, but for a 
> first draft any consistent rule goes, we know that it's an open issue.

I had assumed that keeping all the old Descriptions was the hum of the 
group.  We don't seem to be using the issue tracking tool this time, and 
I haven't seen the co-chairs declare consensus on anything yet.  I'm 
trying to gauge consensus myself, and we know how dangerous it can be 
when individual members start doing that.

>> No existing Description fields are changed or deleted.
>
> ACK, that's KISS, please note it explicitly.

I just did.  :-)

[extlangs]
> It's another open issue, compare 
> http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.ltru/5420
> For the first draft it's fine, let's look at the output, and then 
> decide if we really like this "macrolanguage" cruft.  The job of 
> 4646bis is to define language tags, not to sanction the POVs of its 
> sources, for that folks should read these sources, not the registry.

Again, there is no ticket and no consensus or hum declared by the 
co-chairs.  We'd better decide this pivotal question soon.  I have 13 
days left to submit a first draft and I will be out of town for four of 
them.

>> zh-hakka   -> zh-hak
>
> Resulting in i-hak -> zh-hakka -> zh-hak (JFTR, we have to eat our dog 
> food)

Correct.  The Registry points "i-hak" to "zh-hakka" and points 
"zh-hakka" to "zh-hak", and validating processors that automatically 
"correct" deprecated tags and subtags to their preferred brethren will 
need to correct "i-hak" directly to "zh-hak".

>> zh-min     -> (no Preferred-Value, just deprecated)
>
> That has to be justified explicitly in prose, as an exception.

Does it?  The Preferred-Values for the others are explicitly listed to 
show how the tags were mapped.  The judgment of the WG is involved, 
although I think in these cases it will be unassailable.  In the case of 
"zh-min" the judgment of the WG is that (a) the tag is deprecated 
because it doesn't refer to a real language and (b) there is no 
Preferred-Value because no alternative tagging possibility exists for 
this non-language.

>> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.txt
>
> Thanks, quick check with the W3C validator (8167 records): One known 
> yi-latn (lower case L) error, anything else okay.

It's not an error, as I said before.  Case is not significant in RFC { 
1766, 3066, 4646, 4646bis } language tags.  There happen to be 
conventions for casing, and the Registry uses those conventions, but 
they are not normative.  IMHO it would be more of an error if we 
"corrected" the case of a previously registered tag; the whole point of 
keeping redundant tags in the Registry is to preserve them in a 
museum-like setting.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> #. Use specific language subtags or subtag sequences in preference to 
> subtags for language collections. A "language collection" is a subtag 
> derived from one of the ISO 639-2 codes that represents multiple related 
> languages. For example, the code 'nai' represents "North American 
> languages". The registry contains values for the specific languages 
> represented by this collective code. For example 'xxx' (language1) and 
> 'yyy' (language2). 

All well and good, except that it provides no definite guidance
on which language subtags are for collections.  Deprecating them
does.

> Note that these languages are otherwise unrelated.

Not always true.  Indeed, I would say that the bulk of the 639-2
collection code elements do in fact represent either genetic
subgroups or genetic subgroups with some languages or sub-subgroups
removed.

> I wouldn't have a problem with deprecating these codes.

All right then.  :-)

> Should we provide a list of Prefix values?

I don't understand.  Do you mean a list of Preferred-Value values?
I'd say no; the collective subtag 'map', "Austronesian (Other)",
encompasses 1038 languages in Ethnologue-14, and the list may well
have grown since then.  Furthermore, it is highly subject to change
as additional Austronesian languages are added or even removed due
to advances in knowledge.

-- 
If you have ever wondered if you are in hell,         John Cowan
it has been said, then you are on a well-traveled     http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
road of spiritual inquiry.  If you are absolutely     cowan@ccil.org
sure you are in hell, however, then you must be
on the Cross Bronx Expressway.          --Alan Feuer, NYTimes, 2002-09-20

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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z 
> A-Z]{4,8}
> ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} | 
> [0-9]{3} ))
> )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?: 
> [-] (?:
> [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: 
> [a-w
> y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W 
> Y-Z]
> (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z 
> A-Z
> 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?: 
> boont
> | GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian | 
> hak |
> klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?: 
> bok |
> nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn | 
> zh
> [-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-] 
> nan |
> wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))

Good Lord.  I don't know if you should be proud or ashamed of that. 
Probably both.

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscated_code

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 19:36:48 2006
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Does it?  The Preferred-Values for the others are explicitly listed to 
> show how the tags were mapped.  The judgment of the WG is involved, 
> although I think in these cases it will be unassailable.  In the case of 
> "zh-min" the judgment of the WG is that (a) the tag is deprecated 
> because it doesn't refer to a real language and (b) there is no 
> Preferred-Value because no alternative tagging possibility exists for 
> this non-language.

It's a language collection in any case, encompassing 'mnp', 'cdo', 'nan',
and 'czo', and therefore should be deprecated for the same reasons
as the 639-2 collection subtags.

-- 
Normally I can handle panic attacks on my own;   John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
but panic is, at the moment, a way of life.      http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> By the way: nothing says we have to put the actual updated registry 
> into the I-D. Yes, we did it that way last time. But that is NOT the 
> only way to transmit data to them. And I purposely selected the text 
> in 4646bis-00 to *not* specifically state what form the update would 
> take.

In that case, there would be no point in having a 4645bis, since the 
rules for bulk-revising the Registry could be incorporated directly into 
4646bis.  I'm not saying that's a bad thing.

> I would suggest that it would be just as easy and/or better to specify 
> that the LSTR (via his technical helper, aka Doug) create and verify 
> the updated registry before forwarding it.

I completely defer to the "pros" who have lengthy experience working 
with IETF and IANA on things like this.

> In fact, I've been thinking about text that Doug could use in 4645bis 
> to manage the interregnum process and I'll send that to the list 
> shortly.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 19:57:47 2006
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LOL. I don't think you saw the earlier message; this is machine-generated.

Mark

On 9/17/06, Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote:
>
> Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:
>
> > Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z
> > A-Z]{4,8}
> > ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} |
> > [0-9]{3} ))
> > )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?:
> > [-] (?:
> > [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?:
> > [a-w
> > y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W
> > Y-Z]
> > (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z
> > A-Z
> > 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?:
> > boont
> > | GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian |
> > hak |
> > klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?:
> > bok |
> > nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn |
> > zh
> > [-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-]
> > nan |
> > wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))
>
> Good Lord.  I don't know if you should be proud or ashamed of that.
> Probably both.
>
> See also:
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscated_code
>
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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LOL. I don't think you saw the earlier message; this is machine-generated.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/17/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Doug Ewell</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net">dewell@adelphia.net
</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Mark Davis &lt;mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>&gt; Regex: ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2,3} (?: [-] [a-z A-Z]{3} ){0,3} | [a-z<br>&gt; A-Z]{4,8}<br>&gt; ))(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{4} )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [a-z A-Z]{2} |<br>&gt; [0-9]{3} ))<br>&gt; )?(?: [-] ((?: (?: [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) (?:
<br>&gt; [-] (?:<br>&gt; [0-9] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{3} | [a-z A-Z 0-9]{5,8} ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: (?:<br>&gt; [a-w<br>&gt; y-z A-W Y-Z] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) (?: [-] (?: [a-w y-z A-W<br>&gt; Y-Z]<br>&gt; (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{2,8} )+ ) )* )) )?(?: [-] ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z
<br>&gt; A-Z<br>&gt; 0-9]{1,8} )+ )) )?| ( (?i) art [-] lojban| cel [-] gaulish| en [-] (?:<br>&gt; boont<br>&gt; | GB [-] oed | scouse )| i [-] (?: ami | bnn | default | enochian |<br>&gt; hak |<br>&gt; klingon | lux | mingo | navajo | pwn | tao | tay | tsu )| no [-] (?:
<br>&gt; bok |<br>&gt; nyn)| sgn [-] (?: BE [-] fr | BE [-] nl | CH [-] de)| zh [-] (?: cmn |<br>&gt; zh<br>&gt; [-] cmn [-] Hans | cmn [-] Hant | gan | guoyu | hakka | min | min [-]<br>&gt; nan |<br>&gt; wuu | xiang | yue))| ((?: [xX] (?: [-] [a-z A-Z 0-9]{1,8} )+ ))
<br><br>Good Lord.&nbsp;&nbsp;I don't know if you should be proud or ashamed of that.<br>Probably both.<br><br>See also:<br><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscated_code">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obfuscated_code</a><br>
<br>--<br>Doug Ewell<br>Fullerton, California, USA<br><a href="http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/">http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/</a><br>RFC 4645&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;UTN #14<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 21:12:19 2006
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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I find this fascination with ASCII slightly quaint.

I vaguely recall a day when I read a beginner's book about
PASCAL, and was annoyed by its ASCII table, because it had
nothing to do with "real world standards" (at that time a
"real world standard" had a IBM GA number and used EBDCIC ;-)

Charsets in general are fascinating.  Admittedly I'm less
thrilled by SCSU (implementing it takes more than 5 minutes,
so far I got it).

Frank
-- 
<http://purl.net/xyzzy/src/bocu.cmd>



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To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Process for creating 4646bis Registry
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Hello Doug,

Many thanks for your work.

As a co-chair, I strongly suggest that you submit your text below
and your data as an Internet-Draft as soon as possible. This is
NOT because I want us to meet the deadline in September, but
because this is the way work is done in the IETF. Also, I'd
like to see how well the Internet-Drafts system takes this
(almost) mega-draft.

As a filename, my suggestion is draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.txt,
but any other suggestion is welcome. The main problem with the
above name is that it may be too close to draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-00.txt.

Some comments as a technical contributor below.

At 14:29 06/09/17, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Here is my first pass at describing the process for generating the RFC 4646bis Language Subtag Registry.  This is not necessarily the exact wording that will appear in RFC 4645bis, but parts of it may end up there with little or no change.
>
>This needs to be evaluated by the WG on at least two levels:
>
>* the process itself
>* the way the process is described (logic, clarity, ambiguity, mechanics, etc.)
>
>1.  Starting point
>
>The existing Registry serves as the starting point for the new Registry. RFC 4645bis will include a reference (probably normative)

No, this should be informative, because there is no need to go back
to RFC 4645 unless for informational purposes.

>to RFC 4645 for those who wish to trace the path all the way back to the ISO and UN standards and RFC 3066 tag registry.
>
>The new inputs to the Registry are the ISO/FDIS 639-3 online code tables.  This includes the code set dated 2006-04-21 and the macrolanguage mappings dated 2005-06-14, which are currently (2006-09-16) available on the ISO 639-3 home page.  Peter has said there are changes in the FDIS document not reflected in these files, and more changes will be coming, but I am using these files because they are the most up-to-date information available to me.

Great.

>2.  Language subtags modified
>
>The existing Registry includes 489 primary language subtags, including some for "language collections" not included in 639-3.  In cases where the reference name(s) in 639-3 for these languages differ(s) from the Description fields in the Registry, the new names are added to the existing Registry entry, after all existing descriptions.  For example, the subtag "gd" currently has the descriptions "Gaelic" and "Scottish Gaelic"; the new description "Gaelic (Scots)" from 639-3 will be added. This includes inverted forms of existing names, such as "Frisian, Northern".
>
>This also includes language names that include a country name, to differentiate them from other languages of the same name associated with a different country.  For example, the subtag "bas" currently has the description "Basa"; to this would be added "Basa (Cameroon)" from 639-3. The new subtag "bzw" would have the single description "Basa (Nigeria)".
>
>Reference names in the 639-3 files that contain the strings "(generic)" or "(specific)" are changed to "(macrolanguage)" and the empty string, respectively, in accordance with Peter's statement on September 12 that the FDIS already includes this change.  The single exception is "Zande (specific)" (zne), which is left unchanged because there is also a 639-3 code element "Zande" (znd) and neither of these is a macrolanguage.

Can we expect this to be fixed (i.e. the two Zande to be disambiguated)
in a newer version of 639-3? Peter?

>No existing Description fields are changed or deleted.
>
>3.  New subtags added
>
>All 639-3 code elements not in the LSR are added as primary language subtags if they are not included under a 639-3 macrolanguage, or as extended language subtags if they are (with the macrolanguage as Prefix).  This is consistent with John Cowan's description of the process, which was generally approved by the list.
>
>As a special case, all 639-3 languages with the words "Sign Language" in their name are added as extlangs, with "sgn" as the Prefix.  This is the same as if 639-3 had listed them under a macrolanguage "sgn".  (The entry "sgn", being a collection code, is not present in 639-3 at all.)
>
>All subtags added to the Registry are added in alphabetical order within their type, with the 2-letter language subtags appearing before the 3-letter subtags.  IANA previously added two 3-letter subtags, "anp" and "frr", in the section for 2-letter subtags, which is allowed by RFC 4646 but may surprise some readers.  No attempt is made here to change this.

I think that if we want things in a certain order, we should put them
into that order, and say so in 4646bis.

>4.  Grandfathered and redundant tags
>
>As a consequence of adding these new subtags, the following grandfathered tags are deprecated, with the indicated tag specified as Preferred-Value:
>
>i-ami      -> ami
>i-bnn      -> bnn
>i-pwn      -> pwn
>i-tao      -> tao
>i-tay      -> tay
>i-tsu      -> tsu
>sgn-CH-de  -> sgn-sgg
>zh-hakka   -> zh-hak
>zh-min     -> (no Preferred-Value, just deprecated)
>zh-min-nan -> zh-nan
>zh-xiang   -> zh-hns
>
>Each of these grandfathered tags has a Comment field indicating the ISO 639-3 code element (for example, "replaced by ISO code ami").  This duplicates the Preferred-Value information and is not strictly necessary, but is added for consistency with other grandfathered tags. This comment is also added to the tag "zh-guoyu", which is already deprecated in favor of another grandfathered tag, "zh-cmn" (which will now be redundant; see below).
>
>The following grandfathered tags are now fully composable and are moved to redundant:
>
>zh-cmn
>zh-cmn-Hans
>zh-cmn-Hant
>zh-gan
>zh-wuu
>zh-yue
>
>The following redundant sign-language tags are deprecated (requiring a change in the RFC 4646 rules, which currently disallow this).
>
>sgn-BR -> sgn-bzs
>sgn-CO > sgn-csn
>sgn-DE > sgn-gsg
>sgn-DK > sgn-dsl
>sgn-ES > sgn-ssp
>sgn-FR > sgn-fsl
>sgn-GB > sgn-bfi
>sgn-GR > sgn-gss
>sgn-IE > sgn-isg
>sgn-IT > sgn-ise
>sgn-JP > sgn-jsl
>sgn-MX > sgn-mfs
>sgn-NI > sgn-ncs
>sgn-NL > sgn-dse
>sgn-NO > sgn-nsl
>sgn-PT > sgn-psr
>sgn-SE > sgn-swl
>sgn-US > sgn-ase
>sgn-ZA > sgn-sfs
>
>No change is made to the Description field for these tags, so (for example) "sgn-US" will still have the description "American Sign Language".  This is to avoid unintended changes of scope.

Great.

>5.  Availability
>
>A prototype 4646bis Registry built using these rules, with an arbitrary File-Date (and Added date for all new subtags) of 2007-01-01, is available at:
>
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.txt   (640,265 bytes)
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.zip   (78,943 bytes, PKZip format)
>
>Please use these files as necessary to evaluate the process.  Please do not distribute them or build anything for release based on them; remember that the rules are not final.  They will not be changed until a revised version of this process is posted to LTRU, so please download them only once per revision.

Thanks again.   Regards,   Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 17 21:26:47 2006
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Like John, I favor choice 2.    Regards,   Martin.

At 15:19 06/09/17, John Cowan wrote:
>Section 2.2.9 of RFC 4646 says:
>
>   An implementation that claims to check for well-formed language tags
>   MUST:
>
>   o  Check that the tag and all of its subtags, including extension and
>      private use subtags, conform to the ABNF OR that the tag is on the
>      list of grandfathered tags.
>
>   o  Check that singleton subtags that identify extensions do not
>      repeat.  For example, the tag "en-a-xx-b-yy-a-zz" is not well-
>      formed.
>
>(I have emphasized the word OR in the first bullet point.)
>
>Unfortunately, this wording allows too much.  For example, the invalid tag
>"ra-bb-it" matches the "grandfathered" rule in the ABNF.  Therefore it
>winds up being well-formed even though it cannot be analyzed as a sequence
>of subtags and is not on the grandfathered list either.
>
>To avoid this, we can take one of two actions:
>
>1) Remove the "grandfathered" production in the ABNF altogether, and use
>the "OR" in the conformance clause to allow the irregular grandfathered
>tags (that is, those which don't match the "langtag" or "privateuse"
>productions) to be well-formed.  The danger here is that people will
>implement the ABNF only, and the grandfathered tags will become outright
>unusable rather than merely discouraged.
>
>2) Add an explicit "irregular" production in place of the "grandfathered"
>production which explicitly enumerates the 17 irregular grandfathered
>tags, thus:
>
>irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
>            / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
>            / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu"
>            / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
>
>It is safe to enumerate this list explicitly, as it can neither grow
>nor shrink.  It's true that all the tags except "i-default" can become
>deprecated, but that makes no difference to well-formed processors.
>The other grandfathered tags in the registry are all well-formed already
>and do not need to be in this list.
>
>In this case the conformance clause can be simplified by omitting the
>second part of the "OR".
>
>I favor choice 2.
>
>-- 
>John Cowan                                   cowan@ccil.org
>        "You need a change: try Canada"  "You need a change: try China"
>                --fortune cookies opened by a couple that I know
>
>_______________________________________________
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 02:30 06/09/17, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Martin Hosken brings up a good case for the existence of text written in, if not 7,000 languages, at least a large percentage of them, using IPA.
>
>Let me ask a general, related question.  We have talked about Wade-Giles and pinyin, and to a much lesser extent McCune-Reischauer and ALA-LC and ISO 9 and other standards and/or conventions for transcribing and/or transliterating languages into a different writing system (not, not "script") for some purpose.
>
>In what way -- other than the actual repertoire of characters used -- do IPA and other phonetic and phonemic notation systems, differ from those?

Well, it's pretty obvious that Wade-Giles is for transcribing Chinese, and only
Chinese. Same for pinyin. McCune-Reischauer is for Korean. Single language, as
opposed to IPA, which is used widely across languages.

ALA-LC is a collection of transcription rules for different languages (in some cases)
and scripts (in other cases). There may be some commonalities (my guess would
be that one fairly wide commonality is use of consonants close to (some) English
pronounciation), but also some differences because these systems are usually
based on pre-existing customs (e.g. Japanese following Hepburn, Chinese following
pinyin, etc.). So even if syntactically, we could define a variant "alalc",
semantically, its meaning would change depending on the language (and script)
applied to.

ISO 9 is a standard for romanizing Cyrillic, independent of language.

All of the examples you mention are very far away from being a script,
while IPA is at least close.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 13:39 06/09/16, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>More to the point, changing from record-jar with hex NCR's to *anything* else has to be not just better, but "better enough."  The pain and instability caused by the change must be considered, and the benefits must outweigh them.

Agreed. In my point of view, the pain of Bokm&#$!@*l outweights
a lot of things. The main benefit is that native people can
easily check that things are correct, which they won't do
if we show them just a number.

>> So:
>>
>> Is there any support for changing to UTF-8?
>
>I would support it on two conditions:
>
>1.  We must be able to use UTF-8 in the I-D (4645bis) that delivers the Registry contents to IANA.  (It's OK if that means the I-D can't be an RFC.)  Asking IANA to convert NCR's into UTF-8 themselves would be a disaster.  The new Registry will have almost 500 non-ASCII characters.

I agree with the fact that we must be able to deliver UTF-8 to IANA.
I don't think it necessarily needs to be an I-D. I easily can immagine
that you publish an I-D containing just a pointer to an URI and an MD5
for checking.

>2.  We have to maintain compatibility with the existing format, which means we must continue to escape the ampersand as &#x26; if one should ever find its way into the Registry.

As I have said in another mail, I'd agree with the continued need for
escaping the sequence "&#x", but I don't see any practical relevance
for it; we can simply disallow it. For just "&", it may cause a
parsing problem for older software the same way UTF-8 may cause a
parsing problem, so I don't see the need to keep escaping it.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
>>> Add an explicit "irregular" production

>> Interesting idea.  Maybe add "zh-hakka" as "almost
>> irregular", or let's _define_ hakka as deprecated zh
>> variant.
 
> "Irregular" means "not conforming to the ABNF of 4646." 
> I don't see the problem syntactically with "zh-hakka".

"Almost irregular" is a registered tag with a reference
to an unregistered subtag, and "zh-hakka" is the only tag
with this strange "feature" (after 4645bis adds cmn).

> There's no problem with "zh-cmn".

At the moment (4646) it's another tag with this "feature".
You can see why it's a real oddity in the gawk script in
<http://purl.net/xyzzy/home/ltru>

All other tags minus yi-latn are straight forward.

Frank



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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> "Almost irregular" is a registered tag with a reference
> to an unregistered subtag, and "zh-hakka" is the only tag
> with this strange "feature" (after 4645bis adds cmn).

How is zh-hakka different from zh-xiang or zh-guoyu (except
that the latter is deprecated)?

-- 
John Cowan        http://ccil.org/~cowan   cowan@ccil.org
Lope de Vega: "It wonders me I can speak at all.  Some caitiff rogue did
rudely yerk me on the knob, wherefrom my wits still wander."
An Englishman: "Ay, a filchman to the nab betimes 'll leave a man
crank for a spell." --Harry Turtledove, Ruled Britannia

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Doug Ewell wrote:

> Both the current Registry and the prototype 4646bis version
> are in NFC.  Frankly, it hadn't occurred to me to do it any
> other way.

The other possibility is to say whatever the sources say.  I
didn't note that you modified the source descriptions in some
way.  Please don't do this without a rule for it in 4646bis.

> I suppose either 4646bis or 4645bis should state explicitly
> that the Registry is in NFC.

If that's the case they should most definitely say so.  But I
don't see the point, just copy what the sources say as long as
it's an assigned code-point for a character.

> 1 instance of a character not in MES-1 (U+02BB, the "smart"
> apostrophe/modifier letter added to Ge'ez).  It is in MES-2.

Good that we didn't introduce an MES-1 restriction for 4646 :-)

Frank



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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> This is the sort of things that happen when you reinvent the
> wheel, and create a new format for a registry, instead of
> trusting existing formats...

...I trust that the 4646 record-jar format is fine.  Actually
I'm sure.  We discussed XML vs. "STD 10 header style" in the
last round, and also UTF-8 vs. NCRs.  So far I haven't seen a
compelling reason to change this.  Folks who really want XML
obviously can convert it.  Converting it to a variant of CSV
should be also trivial, ASCII offers 0x1C .. 0x1F separators
if all else fails.

Frank

P.S::  Your lineend problem beats me, my two gawks (2.15pl5 and
3.0.6) don't care if it's Lf or CrLf.  Officially it should be
CrLf as in RFC 4234 (and as specified in RFC 4646).



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At 00:43 06/09/18, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> 
>> May be we should use the same vocabulary as the RFC 4646. For
>> instance, you use "date" when the RFC uses (except for the
>> <ltru> element) "added".
>
>Yes, I wanted the same attribute name for all dates.  With a
>DTD some ABNF details are lost, I've used the name for a hint
>about the real type (NMTOKEN isn't very precise for dates ;-)

That's not the way XML is supposed to work. The names are
supposed to say what something is, not to indicate the type.
In a DTD, additional type information should go into
comments. If you want to express/check these, use XML Schema
or Relax or Schematron or a script.

>> Or you use "tag" when the RFC uses subtag or tag,
>
>Same idea.  In the version supporting ID-XREF-checks I could
>keep "subtag" as is, and use "tag" only as attribute for the
>grandfathered, redundant, prefix, and deprecated elements.
>
>> I do not see Preferred-value in your schema?
>
>It's the optional (#IMPLIED) "tag" in a <deprecated> element.

If it's the preferred value, call it that. The idea of XML
is that people understand as much as possible from the data
and markup itself.

Regards,    Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 02:27 06/09/18, Addison Phillips wrote:
>Capitalization doesn't mean anything in language tags and never has. We should fix it in the registry (via the reg process if possible, but certainly via 4645bis if not)

Exactly my opinion, too.     Regards,    Martin.

>Addison
>
>Frank Ellermann wrote:
>> Doug Ewell wrote:
>> 
>>>> with XML ID _latn is not _Latn.
>> 
>>> It's capitalized that way because it was registered that way
>>> under RFC 3066.
>> Could we add this oddity as another exception (like zh-min) to
>> 4645bis, or is it more straight forward if I try to update it
>> directly using the language list ?
>> Frank
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ltru mailing list
>> Ltru@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>-- 
>Addison Phillips
>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
>Internationalization is an architecture.
>It is not a feature.
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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John Cowan wrote:
> 
>> #. Use specific language subtags or subtag sequences in preference to 
>> subtags for language collections. A "language collection" is a subtag 
>> derived from one of the ISO 639-2 codes that represents multiple related 
>> languages. For example, the code 'nai' represents "North American 
>> languages". The registry contains values for the specific languages 
>> represented by this collective code. For example 'xxx' (language1) and 
>> 'yyy' (language2). 
> 
> All well and good, except that it provides no definite guidance
> on which language subtags are for collections.  Deprecating them
> does.

I think I agree with deprecation.

> 
>> Note that these languages are otherwise unrelated.
> 
> Not always true.  Indeed, I would say that the bulk of the 639-2
> collection code elements do in fact represent either genetic
> subgroups or genetic subgroups with some languages or sub-subgroups
> removed.

No, but we'd pick our examples carefully.

> 
>> I wouldn't have a problem with deprecating these codes.
> 
> All right then.  :-)
> 
>> Should we provide a list of Prefix values?
> 
> I don't understand.  Do you mean a list of Preferred-Value values?
> I'd say no; the collective subtag 'map', "Austronesian (Other)",
> encompasses 1038 languages in Ethnologue-14, and the list may well
> have grown since then.  Furthermore, it is highly subject to change
> as additional Austronesian languages are added or even removed due
> to advances in knowledge.
> 

Well, it was a thought :-).

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> Capitalization doesn't mean anything in language tags and
> never has.

Sure, I'm talking about a naive subtag to IDREF implementation
for the registry based on some MUSTard in chapter 3.1:

| Subtags whose 'Type' field is 'script' (in other words,
| subtags defined by ISO 15924) MUST use titlecase.

> We should fix it in the registry (via the reg process if
> possible, but certainly via 4645bis if not)

Okay.



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[chair hat on]
I have seen at least four people approving the idea to list
grandfathered/irregular tags explicitly, and nobody opposed.
I think that in principle, we seem to have consensus to go this
way, although some details may need to be worked out (see below).
If anybody disagrees with this assessment, please state so soon.


[chair hat off]
I clearly thing that it is a bad idea to include somebody's name
in a nonterminal of an ABNF. This is true both in general and also
in this specific case. When Michael proposed and approved the
tags listed below, they were not in any way illegal or irregular.

Regards,    Martin.

At 07:08 06/09/18, Mark Davis wrote:
>I do as well. Note that the BNF provides both checks of well-formedness (partial, because of repeating extensions), but also a division into semantic units. So we'd have to do something like:
>
>
>grandfathered = irregular 
>
>            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid
>
>irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default" 
>           / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
>           / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu" 
>           / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
>
>We could also break them down into other divisions ;-)
>
>
>grandfathered = "i-" irregular
>            / irregularEverson
>
>            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid
>irregulari = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / "klingon" / "lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu" 
>irregularEverson = "en-GB-oed" / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
>Mark


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Mark Davis wrote:
 
> grandfathered = "i-" irregular
>             / irregularEverson
>             / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid
 
> irregulari = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" /
> "klingon" / "lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"

> irregularEverson = "en-GB-oed" / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" /
> "sgn-CH-de"

Splitting i-anything from the rest is fine, IMO unnecessary to
enumerate them in the ABNF:  Any decent parser could handle
x-anything, it should be also able to handle i-anything.  With
that you'd get:

grandfathered = i-legacy / irregular / ( 2*3ALPHA "-" 3*8ALPHA )
i-legacy      = "i-" 3*8ALPHA 
irregular     = sgn-legacy / "en-GB-oed" / "zh-min-nan"
sgn-legacy    = "sgn-" ( "BE-fr" / "BE-nl" / "CH-de" )

Cheating, zh-min-nan isn't really irregular, but together with
en-GB-oed and <sgn-legacy> it's the list of grandfathered tags
with three parts. 

Frank



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At 01:52 06/09/18, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:
>
>>> John's "net-UTF-8" draft isn't ready, and I had some troubles to understand his last published version.
>>
>> That isn't very relevant, except that it suggests normalization to NFC, which I assume we would do anyway, and which is already an issue in the case of NCRs.
>
>Both the current Registry and the prototype 4646bis version are in NFC. Frankly, it hadn't occurred to me to do it any other way.
>
>This raises an interesting subpoint:  I suppose either 4646bis or 4645bis should state explicitly that the Registry is in NFC.

I agree. Frank said we should just use what the source uses,
but officially, the soure in most cases still is paper.

Regards,    Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> The output is not well-formed XML. Here is a patch:
[...]
> -                         print L A "' />"
> +                         print L A "' >"

Thanks, took me some time to find this after the W3C validator
told me that my DTD doesn't allow the very first <language> :-)

> -               }
> \ No newline at end of file
> +               }

Your gawk is rather pedantic with lineends.  That "}" is the
last line, why shouldn't it have a lineend ?

Frank



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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Martin Duerst" <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] RFC 4646 production "grandfathered" considered harmful
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> I clearly thing that it is a bad idea to include somebody's name

That was not intended seriously -- sorry for the confusion.

Mark

On 9/17/06, Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote:
>
> [chair hat on]
> I have seen at least four people approving the idea to list
> grandfathered/irregular tags explicitly, and nobody opposed.
> I think that in principle, we seem to have consensus to go this
> way, although some details may need to be worked out (see below).
> If anybody disagrees with this assessment, please state so soon.
>
>
> [chair hat off]
> I clearly thing that it is a bad idea to include somebody's name
> in a nonterminal of an ABNF. This is true both in general and also
> in this specific case. When Michael proposed and approved the
> tags listed below, they were not in any way illegal or irregular.
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
> At 07:08 06/09/18, Mark Davis wrote:
> >I do as well. Note that the BNF provides both checks of well-formedness
> (partial, because of repeating extensions), but also a division into
> semantic units. So we'd have to do something like:
> >
> >
> >grandfathered = irregular
> >
> >            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered
> codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid
> >
> >irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
> >           / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
> >           / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu"
> >           / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
> >
> >We could also break them down into other divisions ;-)
> >
> >
> >grandfathered = "i-" irregular
> >            / irregularEverson
> >
> >            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered
> codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid
> >irregulari = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / "klingon" /
> "lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"
> >irregularEverson = "en-GB-oed" / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
> >Mark
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>

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&gt; I clearly thing that it is a bad idea to include somebody's name<br><br>That was not intended seriously -- sorry for the confusion.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/17/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">
Martin Duerst</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
[chair hat on]<br>I have seen at least four people approving the idea to list<br>grandfathered/irregular tags explicitly, and nobody opposed.<br>I think that in principle, we seem to have consensus to go this<br>way, although some details may need to be worked out (see below).
<br>If anybody disagrees with this assessment, please state so soon.<br><br><br>[chair hat off]<br>I clearly thing that it is a bad idea to include somebody's name<br>in a nonterminal of an ABNF. This is true both in general and also
<br>in this specific case. When Michael proposed and approved the<br>tags listed below, they were not in any way illegal or irregular.<br><br>Regards,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Martin.<br><br>At 07:08 06/09/18, Mark Davis wrote:<br>&gt;I do as well. Note that the BNF provides both checks of well-formedness (partial, because of repeating extensions), but also a division into semantic units. So we'd have to do something like:
<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;grandfathered = irregular<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ 1*3ALPHA 1*2(&quot;-&quot; (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid<br>&gt;<br>&gt;irregular = &quot;en-GB-oed&quot; / &quot;i-ami&quot; / &quot;i-bnn&quot; / &quot;i-default&quot;
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / &quot;i-enochian&quot; / &quot;i-hak&quot; / &quot;i-klingon&quot; / &quot;i-lux&quot; / &quot;i-mingo&quot;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / &quot;i-navajo&quot; / &quot;i-pwn&quot; / &quot;i-tao&quot; / &quot;i-tay&quot; / &quot;i-tsu&quot;
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / &quot;sgn-BE-fr&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-nl&quot; / &quot;sgn-CH-de&quot;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;We could also break them down into other divisions ;-)<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;grandfathered = &quot;i-&quot; irregular
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ irregularEverson<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ 1*3ALPHA 1*2(&quot;-&quot; (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid<br>&gt;irregulari = &quot;ami&quot; / &quot;bnn&quot; / &quot;default&quot; / &quot;enochian&quot; / &quot;hak&quot; / &quot;klingon&quot; / &quot;lux&quot; / &quot;mingo&quot; / &quot;navajo&quot; / &quot;pwn&quot; / &quot;tao&quot; / &quot;tay&quot; / &quot;tsu&quot;
<br>&gt;irregularEverson = &quot;en-GB-oed&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-fr&quot; / &quot;sgn-BE-nl&quot; / &quot;sgn-CH-de&quot;<br>&gt;Mark<br><br><br>#-#-#&nbsp;&nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>#-#-#&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp">http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mailto:<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br>

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John Cowan wrote:
 
> How is zh-hakka different from zh-xiang or zh-guoyu (except
> that the latter is deprecated)?

zh-xiang etc. are not referenced anywhere.  zh-hakka has a
reference from i-hak, it appears in a Preferred-Value field.

Similarly zh-cmn appears in the Preferred-Value of zh-guoyu,
and at the moment there's no subtag cmn.  A dangling pointer.

Frank



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To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: RFC 4646 production "grandfathered" considered harmful
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> Splitting i-anything from the rest is fine, IMO unnecessary to
> enumerate them in the ABNF:  Any decent parser could handle
> x-anything, it should be also able to handle i-anything.  

There's no reason to allow i-bogon to be well-formed.

> Cheating, zh-min-nan isn't really irregular, but together with
> en-GB-oed and <sgn-legacy> it's the list of grandfathered tags
> with three parts. 

Just so.  The ABNF is syntactic, so I listed only the elements
that do not match the "langtag" production.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
The present impossibility of giving a scientific explanation is no proof
that there is no scientific explanation. The unexplained is not to be
identified with the unexplainable, and the strange and extraordinary
nature of a fact is not a justification for attributing it to powers
above nature.  --The Catholic Encyclopedia, s.v. "telepathy" (1913)

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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> I agree. Frank said we should just use what the source uses, but 
> officially, the soure in most cases still is paper.

As much for the archives as for Martin:

The question of "use what the source uses" is a long-standing, divisive 
one.  The sources for the 4646 Registry were electronic: code lists 
found on the home pages of the ISO MA's and on the UNSD site.  Sometimes 
these appeared inconsistent, with themselves and particularly with each 
other, on things like apostrophe usage.  Sometimes they yielded bizarre 
results, like the acute accent (U+00B4) used in the name Gwich'in.

There are WG members (and ietf-languages contributors) who feel very 
strongly that the Description fields in the Registry must match the 
source standards exactly, to enable automated cross-referencing and 
generally to avoid arbitrariness.  Then there are WG members (and 
ietf-languages contributors) who feel equally strongly that we should be 
able to improve on the names, either typographically or to improve 
clarity and avoid ambiguity.  These two groups are at polar opposites 
and the only way to satisfy both is to admit both Descriptions, even 
when the end result seems preposterous.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 00:55:59 2006
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Martin Duerst wrote:
 
> Frank, can you post your answer to the list, too?

Date: Sun, 17 Sep 2006 22:22:54 +0200
To: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>

Martin Duerst wrote:

> As a co-chair, I marked this off-topic, unless I
> misunderstood you to make this as a proposal for
> the actual registry.

It's what we'd get if we drop record-jar, and what
I'd propose if we go for UTF-8.  Actually it belongs
to the thread "Registry-format", where Debbie wrote
that record-jar isn't human readable.  I think it's
fine, that's why I checked my theory "writing an awk
script is trivial".  It really is trivial, finding a
simple DTD for XML output is the most exciting part.

As a side-effect I have now an output format allowing
to validate registries with any XML validator.

> change the DOCTYPE and root element from 'ltru' to
> something like 'LanguageSubtagRegistry'.

Done, see <http://purl.net/xyzzy/home/ltru>

> 'date' attributes should be changed to the more
>informative 'added'.

For now I stick to date, because I use it for all
registry dates, not only Added fields, also for
Deprecated and File-Date.

> I'd done some of the element/attribute decisions
> differently, but that's not a big issue.

Probably a matter of taste, DTD validators are not
very smart, but they can do something with ID, IDREF,
IDREFS, and NMTOKEN.  Some other sanity checks are
in the script.

Actually the script could check references directly,
and also verify dates, but it's nice that the XML
output now works with the W3C validator.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 01:00:42 2006
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> As a co-chair, I strongly suggest that you submit your text below and 
> your data as an Internet-Draft as soon as possible. This is NOT 
> because I want us to meet the deadline in September, but because this 
> is the way work is done in the IETF. Also, I'd like to see how well 
> the Internet-Drafts system takes this (almost) mega-draft.

I shall get to it, then.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> I agree with the fact that we must be able to deliver UTF-8 to IANA. I 
> don't think it necessarily needs to be an I-D. I easily can immagine 
> that you publish an I-D containing just a pointer to an URI and an MD5 
> for checking.

Can you check into this?  It would be nice to say up front what the I-D 
is for, rather than writing it as "This contains the initial contents of 
the Registry" and then having the RFC Editor remove the fun part.

>> 2.  We have to maintain compatibility with the existing format, which 
>> means we must continue to escape the ampersand as &#x26; if one 
>> should ever find its way into the Registry.
>
> As I have said in another mail, I'd agree with the continued need for 
> escaping the sequence "&#x", but I don't see any practical relevance 
> for it; we can simply disallow it. For just "&", it may cause a 
> parsing problem for older software the same way UTF-8 may cause a 
> parsing problem, so I don't see the need to keep escaping it.

The ABNF in 4646 says the ampersand is not a valid character and must be 
escaped, because it introduces the &#x sequences.  I'm feeling lazy. 
Can someone else verify this, and speak to the impact of allowing a 
character that we previously did not allow?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> The other possibility is to say whatever the sources say.  I didn't 
> note that you modified the source descriptions in some way.  Please 
> don't do this without a rule for it in 4646bis.

I didn't.

Having said that, I would really like the WG to come to a FORMAL 
decision, certified by a co-chair, on this whole Description thing.  We 
should not have text in 4646bis that talks about the Description field 
being non-normative, only for identification purposes, only to indicate 
the meaning of the subtag, able to be broadened, etc., and at the same 
time be required to keep the exact ISO-originated reference name, warts 
and ambiguity and weird acute accents and all.  I'm not sure I even care 
any more which path we choose, but we cannot have it both ways.

> If that's the case they should most definitely say so.  But I don't 
> see the point, just copy what the sources say as long as it's an 
> assigned code-point for a character.

Don't forget about variant subtags registered by ietf-languages.  Those 
don't have "sources" in the sense you're thinking of.

> Good that we didn't introduce an MES-1 restriction for 4646 :-)

We didn't add any restriction, and there was a reason for that.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: DOCTYPE ltru
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> Capitalization doesn't mean anything in language tags and never has.
>
> Sure, I'm talking about a naive subtag to IDREF implementation for the 
> registry based on some MUSTard in chapter 3.1:
>
> | Subtags whose 'Type' field is 'script' (in other words,
> | subtags defined by ISO 15924) MUST use titlecase.

"yi-latn" is not a subtag, it's a redundant tag:  RFC 4645 section 2, 
point 7:

>  7.  Tags in the [RFC3066] registry that were not deprecated,
>      consisted entirely of subtags already in this document, and
>      have the correct form and format for tags defined by [RFC4646]
>      were converted to records of type "redundant" in the ILSR.
>      For example, "zh-Hant" is now defined by [RFC4646] because
>      'zh' is an [ISO639-1] code element and 'Hant' is an [ISO15924]
>      code element, and both are defined as subtags in the ILSR.

I guess the question is whether "yi-latn" does or does not have the 
"correct format," taking its capitalization into account.  I note that 
nobody objected to it during the rather long WG and IETF review periods.

>> We should fix it in the registry (via the reg process if possible, 
>> but certainly via 4645bis if not)
>
> Okay.

Whatever happened to "fidelity with the source standards at all costs"? 
The RFC 3066 tag registry is the source standard for redundant tags.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 01:53:43 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] zh-hakka (was: Re: RFC 4646 production "grandfathered"
	considered harmful)
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> John Cowan wrote:
>
>> How is zh-hakka different from zh-xiang or zh-guoyu (except that the 
>> latter is deprecated)?
>
> zh-xiang etc. are not referenced anywhere.  zh-hakka has a reference 
> from i-hak, it appears in a Preferred-Value field.

I'm not seeing the problem that Frank is seeing at all.

4646 Registry:

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: i-hak
    Description: Hakka
    Added: 1999-01-31
    Preferred-Value: zh-hakka
    Deprecated: 2000-01-10

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: zh-hakka
    Description: Hakka
    Added: 1999-12-18

The grandfathered tag "i-hak" is deprecated in favor of the 
grandfathered tag "zh-hakka".

4646bis Registry:

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: i-hak
    Description: Hakka
    Added: 1999-01-31
    Preferred-Value: zh-hakka
    Deprecated: 2000-01-10

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: zh-hakka
    Description: Hakka
    Added: 1999-12-18
    Preferred-Value: zh-hak
    Deprecated: 2007-01-01
    Comments: replaced by ISO code hak

    Type: extlang
    Subtag: hak
    Description: Chinese, Hakka
    Added: 2007-01-01
    Prefix: zh

The grandfathered tag "i-hak" is deprecated in favor of the 
grandfathered tag "zh-hakka", which in turn is deprecated by the 
generative tag "zh-hak", composed of subtags "zh" and "hak".

What is irregular or ill-advised about this?

> Similarly zh-cmn appears in the Preferred-Value of zh-guoyu, and at 
> the moment there's no subtag cmn.  A dangling pointer.

4646 Registry:

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: zh-guoyu
    Description: Mandarin or Standard Chinese
    Added: 1999-12-18
    Preferred-Value: zh-cmn
    Deprecated: 2005-07-15

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: zh-cmn
    Description: Mandarin Chinese
    Added: 2005-07-15

The grandfathered tag "zh-guoyu" is deprecated in favor of the 
grandfathered tag "zh-cmn".

4646bis Registry:

    Type: grandfathered
    Tag: zh-guoyu
    Description: Mandarin or Standard Chinese
    Added: 1999-12-18
    Preferred-Value: zh-cmn
    Deprecated: 2005-07-15
    Comments: replaced by ISO code cmn

    Type: extlang
    Subtag: cmn
    Description: Chinese, Mandarin
    Added: 2007-01-01
    Prefix: zh

    Type: redundant
    Tag: zh-cmn
    Description: Mandarin Chinese
    Added: 2005-07-15

The grandfathered tag "zh-guoyu" is deprecated in favor of the 
generative tag "zh-cmn", composed of subtags "zh" and "cmn". 
Coincidentally, there is also a redundant tag "zh-cmn" which is 
syntactically and semantically identical to the generative tag "zh-cmn".

What is irregular or ill-advised about this?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 02:04:38 2006
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Doug Ewell wrote:

> The ABNF in 4646 says the ampersand is not a valid character and must
> be escaped, because it introduces the &#x sequences.  I'm feeling lazy.
> Can someone else verify this,

Of course, it's in the <ASCCHAR> production, and in the prose.

> the impact of allowing a character that we previously did not allow?

I refuse to abuse my crystal-ball today.  Registry converters
to XML have to replace "<" by "&lt;", and while they're at it
">" to "&gt;" isn't wrong.  UTF-8-jar converters to XML would
use UTF-8 as encoding, and replace "&" by "&amp;" before the
"<" to "&lt;" and ">" to  "&gt;".

They could throw an error for "&#x", or they can try to get
it right:  "&#x" to ASCII SUB, other "&" to "&amp;", SUB back
to "&#x", after they've checked that it's a plausible NCR.
Or they could replace the NCR by UTF-8. 

The constant thing over all programming languages:  The code
has to be updated.  Not difficult, a minor technical change.

The "keep NCR as is" trick works only for XML as output format.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 02:29:49 2006
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Re: script tag for IPA
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> From: Jukka K. Korpela [mailto:jkorpela@cs.tut.fi]


> > Just to clarify: IPA can be used to transcribe any language, but any
> > instance of IPA transcription is in *some* particular language.
>=20
> Normally so, but the particular language may be unknown;

Even if it is unknown, it is still in some particular language.


> this however is
> no different from a case where you have, say, text in Latin letters =
and
> you do not know its language (yet).=20

Yes. ISO 639-2/-3 have "und" for that situation.


> Moreover, it is possible to use IPA to
> describe words that appear the same (in pronunciation) in different
> languages, in which case we would probably use "mul" if we had to tag =
the
> text.

I suppose one could use IPA notation to cite an abstracted utterance. =
Abstracted usage -- i.e. independent of any language -- is often done =
when discussing individual phonemes, but I don't know that I've ever =
seen a single instance of a transcription of an abstracted utterance.

But I'd suggest that, if a document contained such a thing, it would =
make most sense either to leave it untagged, or to tag it "zxx" as it is =
not content in any language, let alone multiple languages; it is just a =
abstract phonetic sound.


> So there are situations where there the language tagging is not
> obvious, but this may happen for any script, not just IPA.

Quite so; and again no tag or "zxx" makes more sense to me than "mul".


Peter Constable

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 02:35:00 2006
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Doug Ewell wrote:

> I'm trying to gauge consensus myself, and we know how
> dangerous it can be when individual members start doing that.

That's editorial freedom, if we don't like the result we can
disccuss it.

 [macrolanguage]
> Again, there is no ticket and no consensus or hum declared by
> the co-chairs.

Yes, that's what I meant.

> We'd better decide this pivotal question soon.

For the initial draft stick to your choice, I only wanted to
mention that it's still an open issue from my POV, it's also
related to the new Preferred-Value / Deprecated rule.  Do we
go with 639-2 if possible, or stick to the extlang notation
for a language once it's in, no matter what 639-2 says later ?

>>> zh-min     -> (no Preferred-Value, just deprecated)

>> That has to be justified explicitly in prose, as an
>> exception.

> Does it?  The Preferred-Values for the others are explicitly
> listed to show how the tags were mapped.  The judgment of the
> WG is involved, although I think in these cases it will be
> unassailable.  In the case of "zh-min" the judgment of the WG
> is that (a) the tag is deprecated because it doesn't refer to
> a real language and (b) there is no Preferred-Value because
> no alternative tagging possibility exists for this
> non-language.

Yes, and that has to be noted for readers of 4645bis, they've
no clue how that happened, because it's not obviously triggered
by the 639-3 input.

 [yi-latn]
> Case is not significant in RFC { 1766, 3066, 4646, 4646bis }
> language tags.  There happen to be conventions for casing,
> and the Registry uses those conventions, but they are not
> normative.

In another message I've quoted MUSTard, but admittedly that
was about Script records, not directly for all script subtags
elsewhere.

It's just inconsistent, I stumbled over it with those XML IDs.
The only script subtag not using titlecase, and the tag claims
to be redundant, not irregular grandfathered garbage.

> IMHO it would be more of an error if we "corrected" the case
> of a previously registered tag; the whole point of keeping
> redundant tags in the Registry is to preserve them in a
> museum-like setting.

The museum survives it if one yi-latn is fixed to yi-Latn. :-)

Frank



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Peter Constable wrote:
 
> Just curious

Same here, that's how I found the page
<http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924jac.html>

Frank



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On Sun, 17 Sep 2006, Peter Constable wrote:

>> Moreover, it is possible to use IPA to
>> describe words that appear the same (in pronunciation) in different
>> languages, in which case we would probably use "mul" if we had to tag the
>> text.
>
> I suppose one could use IPA notation to cite an abstracted utterance. 
> Abstracted usage -- i.e. independent of any language -- is often done 
> when discussing individual phonemes, but I don't know that I've ever 
> seen a single instance of a transcription of an abstracted utterance.

Just to clarify: I did not mean an abstract utterance but something like
"The word [kala] 'fish' has probably remained the same from the Uralian 
protolanguage to Finnish and Estonian but often changed considerably
in other Uralian languages."
(I'm cheating a bit here, in order to be able to use ASCII only, since [a]
is not the most adequate vowel symbol here.)
So it would not be an abstract utterance but a word that is allegedly the 
same in three languages, one of which is an uncertain reconstruction 
without a specific code.

The same situation may, of course, also appear when words are written 
using some normal script instead of IPA.

> But I'd suggest that, if a document contained such a thing, it would 
> make most sense either to leave it untagged, or to tag it "zxx" as it is 
> not content in any language, let alone multiple languages; it is just a 
> abstract phonetic sound.

Perhaps. It depends on the context and requirements. I think the actual 
_utilization_ of language tagging in software is far behind the 
specification of codes for it, and it is therefore difficult to estimate 
the practical impact of tagging decisions in borderline cases. Most texts 
in the world have no language tagging, still less tagging at the level of 
individual words (or characters) even in cases where the tagging decision 
would be straightforward (e.g., in tagging personal names that clearly 
belong to a language other than the surrounding text).

-- 
Jukka "Yucca" Korpela, http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> I'm not seeing the problem that Frank is seeing at all.

For ALL prefixes, for ALL Suppress-Scripts, and for ALL
Preferred-Values anywhere in the registry ALL subtags of
the corresponding tags (or script subtags in the case of
Suppress-Script) are registered.

Minus one hakka in zh-hakka.  What's so difficult about
this ?  Something that will never again happen under 4646
rules, a very special case.  Line 117 in the registry to
XML script, it had to be "hardwired".   

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> I'm not seeing the problem that Frank is seeing at all.

For ALL prefixes, for ALL Suppress-Scripts, and for ALL
Preferred-Values anywhere in the registry ALL subtags of
the corresponding tags (or script subtags in the case of
Suppress-Script) are registered.

Minus one hakka in zh-hakka.  What's so difficult about
this ?  Something that will never again happen under 4646
rules, a very special case.  Line 117 in the registry to
XML script, it had to be "hardwired".   

Frank



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> From: Jukka K. Korpela [mailto:jkorpela@cs.tut.fi]


> Just to clarify: I did not mean an abstract utterance but something =
like
> "The word [kala] 'fish' has probably remained the same from the =
Uralian
> protolanguage to Finnish and Estonian but often changed considerably
> in other Uralian languages."

In that case, the transcription is of a reconstructed word form from =
proto Uralic -- it's a word in a specific (reconstructed) language.

Now, mind you, ISO 639 does *not* provide IDs for =
historically-reconstructed proto-languages.


Peter Constable

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PA
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> From: Jukka K. Korpela [mailto:jkorpela@cs.tut.fi]


> Just to clarify: I did not mean an abstract utterance but something =
like
> "The word [kala] 'fish' has probably remained the same from the =
Uralian
> protolanguage to Finnish and Estonian but often changed considerably
> in other Uralian languages."

In that case, the transcription is of a reconstructed word form from =
proto Uralic -- it's a word in a specific (reconstructed) language.

Now, mind you, ISO 639 does *not* provide IDs for =
historically-reconstructed proto-languages.


Peter Constable

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> From: Martin Duerst [mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp]


> Agreed. In my point of view, the pain of Bokm&#$!@*l outweights
> a lot of things. The main benefit is that native people can
> easily check that things are correct, which they won't do
> if we show them just a number.

There's lots of software that will interpret an NCR in an HTML, XML or =
HTML file and display it to the user as the actual character in the UCS =
for which it is a reference. I don't think there is any software that =
will do this for the file located at =
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry.=20




Peter Constable

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Subject: [Ltru] [Partially OT] DOCTYPE ltru
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On Mon, Sep 18, 2006 at 11:17:38AM +0900,
 Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote 
 a message of 127 lines which said:

> As a co-chair, I marked this off-topic, unless I misunderstood you
> to make this as a proposal for the actual registry.

I do not think that Frank wanted XML to be the official format :-)

Nevertheless, I find quite useful, even if it is officially OT, to
discuss here about alternative formats (my proposal to host somewhere,
in an unofficial site, the translations to other formats) or about
implementations (such as Mark's regexp).

Yes, it is not in the WG charter but tackling practical problems is
also a good way to test the standard and to improve it. 

If the chairs insist :-) may be we could create a dedicated mailing
list, "ltru-implementors" but I would regard this as useless
duplication.


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Date: Mon, 18 Sep 2006 09:46:15 +0200
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To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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On Mon, Sep 18, 2006 at 06:53:15AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 50 lines which said:

> > 'date' attributes should be changed to the more informative
> > 'added'.
> 
> For now I stick to date, because I use it for all registry dates,
> not only Added fields, also for Deprecated and File-Date.

I agree with Martin (<added> is better because it is what's in the
RFC) but, since it is OT and unofficial, we'll just have two different
XML schemas :-) 

If it would be a discussion on the RFC 4646bis standard format, we
would try to reach a consensus, but if it is just testing, debugging
and so on, there is no need to fight over the name of the XML elements
:-)

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 04:52:54 2006
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> no need to fight over the name of the XML elements :-)

Yes, maybe different philosophies, in XHTML I don't like the
many names for what's in essence an URL, src=, href=, cite=,
codebase=, maybe more.  Maybe the new W3C Unicorn validator
will support RELAX (?)

Less than 40 hours after writing a first DTD I'm not ready
to throw it away.  After all it does something useful, now
all here can check cross-references in registries with gawk
and the online validator.  With almost 640 KB the 4645bis
registry is a bit too large for manual plausibility checks.

Frank

P.S.:  I really proposed CharMapML for a new charset registry



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 09:32:01 2006
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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> On Mon, Sep 18, 2006 at 09:08:15AM +0200,
> Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote
> a message of 16 lines which said:
>
>> For ALL prefixes, for ALL Suppress-Scripts, and for ALL
>> Preferred-Values anywhere in the registry ALL subtags of the
>> corresponding tags (or script subtags in the case of
>> Suppress-Script) are registered.
>
> Yes, but it is a consequence of RFC 4646 rules or is it just a
> coincidence?

It's just a coincidence.  There is no restriction that a Preferred-Value 
cannot be a grandfathered tag.

--
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Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> The Preferred-Values for the others are explicitly listed to show how 
>> the tags were mapped.  The judgment of the WG is involved, although I 
>> think in these cases it will be unassailable.  In the case of 
>> "zh-min" the judgment of the WG is that (a) the tag is deprecated 
>> because it doesn't refer to a real language and (b) there is no 
>> Preferred-Value because no alternative tagging possibility exists for 
>> this non-language.
>
> Yes, and that has to be noted for readers of 4645bis, they've no clue 
> how that happened, because it's not obviously triggered by the 639-3 
> input.

OK, I will add this.

> [yi-latn]
>> Case is not significant in RFC { 1766, 3066, 4646, 4646bis } language 
>> tags.  There happen to be conventions for casing, and the Registry 
>> uses those conventions, but they are not normative.
>
> In another message I've quoted MUSTard, but admittedly that was about 
> Script records, not directly for all script subtags elsewhere.

I found the passage in RFC 4646 to which you might have been referring, 
in Section 3.1 (which I swear is longer by itself than some RFCs):

"The 'Subtag' or 'Tag' field MUST use lowercase letters to form the 
subtag or tag, with two exceptions.  Subtags whose 'Type' field is 
'script' (in other words, subtags defined by ISO 15924) MUST use 
titlecase.  Subtags whose 'Type' field is 'region' (in other words, 
subtags defined by ISO 3166) MUST use uppercase.  These exceptions 
mirror the use of case in the underlying standards."

This actually says that all "Tag" fields in the Registry, meaning 
grandfathered and redundant tags, must be all-lowercase.  Since 
grandfathered and redundant tags are atomic, and not composed of subtags 
(though redundant tags are equivalent to a sequence of valid subtags), 
this means "yi-latn" is one of the few redundant tags to be cased 
correctly!

Seriously, I think this passage is in error with respect to "tags" and 
needs to be modified to say that redundant tags are either:

(a) cased as they were in the RFC 3066 registry (what I did), or
(b) cased as if they were composed of individual subtags, using the 
casing conventions for those subtags (what you want).

> The museum survives it if one yi-latn is fixed to yi-Latn. :-)

s/The museum survives it/The floodgates open/

But if the wording in Section 3.1 is changed to option (b) above, I'll 
be happy to make this change for you.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 12:16:59PM -0700,
 Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote 
 a message of 28 lines which said:

> Today I updated my draft-00 of it and posted it on my personal web site. 

Wouldn't it a good idea to mention the related stuff such as JSON (RFC
4627) or XML (Bray, T., Paoli, J. and C. Sperberg-McQueen, "Extensible
Markup Language (XML) 1.0", W3C REC-xml-1998, February 1998,
<http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210/>.).

Because, when reading the draft, the innocent beginner may wonder:
"Why yet another format?"

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Martin Duerst wrote:
> [chair hat on]
> I have seen at least four people approving the idea to list
> grandfathered/irregular tags explicitly, and nobody opposed.
> I think that in principle, we seem to have consensus to go this
> way, although some details may need to be worked out (see below).
> If anybody disagrees with this assessment, please state so soon.
> 

[editor hat on]

I'll prepare an updated ABNF shortly.

> 
> [chair hat off]
> I clearly thing that it is a bad idea to include somebody's name
> in a nonterminal of an ABNF. This is true both in general and also
> in this specific case. When Michael proposed and approved the
> tags listed below, they were not in any way illegal or irregular.

[contributor hat on]

I agree. I think that proposal was made tongue-in-cheek. I intend to 
start with the production "irregular" shown below

Addison

>>
>>
>> grandfathered = irregular 
>>
>>            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not otherwise be valid
>>
>> irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default" 
>>           / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux" / "i-mingo"
>>           / "i-navajo" / "i-pwn" / "i-tao" / "i-tay" / "i-tsu" 
>>           / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"
>>

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 12:16:59PM -0700,
>  Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote 
>  a message of 28 lines which said:
> 
>> Today I updated my draft-00 of it and posted it on my personal web site. 
> 
> Wouldn't it a good idea to mention the related stuff such as JSON (RFC
> 4627) or XML (Bray, T., Paoli, J. and C. Sperberg-McQueen, "Extensible
> Markup Language (XML) 1.0", W3C REC-xml-1998, February 1998,
> <http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210/>.).
> 
> Because, when reading the draft, the innocent beginner may wonder:
> "Why yet another format?"

Thanks for the comment. I'm not sure that referencing other formats 
explicitly is necessary (where does one stop?!?), but the Introduction 
could be a bit more expansive.

Addison

PS> I'd prefer not to discuss that draft here, unless LTRU decides that 
it would be better to remove the record-jar descriptive material and 
reference my I-D. I'd prefer not to add a dependency, if at all possible.

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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> Seriously, I think this passage is in error with respect to "tags" and 
> needs to be modified to say that redundant tags are either:
> 
> (a) cased as they were in the RFC 3066 registry (what I did), or
> (b) cased as if they were composed of individual subtags, using the 
> casing conventions for those subtags (what you want).
> 
>> The museum survives it if one yi-latn is fixed to yi-Latn. :-)
> 
> s/The museum survives it/The floodgates open/
> 
> But if the wording in Section 3.1 is changed to option (b) above, I'll 
> be happy to make this change for you.
> 

Section 3.1 will be changed to reflect (b), as I believe this was an 
oversight.

Addison

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 15:08:09 2006
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Doug Ewell wrote:
> Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:
> 
>> On Mon, Sep 18, 2006 at 09:08:15AM +0200,
>> Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote
>> a message of 16 lines which said:
>>
>>> For ALL prefixes, for ALL Suppress-Scripts, and for ALL
>>> Preferred-Values anywhere in the registry ALL subtags of the
>>> corresponding tags (or script subtags in the case of
>>> Suppress-Script) are registered.
>>
>> Yes, but it is a consequence of RFC 4646 rules or is it just a
>> coincidence?
> 
> It's just a coincidence.  There is no restriction that a Preferred-Value 
> cannot be a grandfathered tag.
> 

It's a coincidence, but one that is desirable. In other words, I think 
it would be a Bad Thing to deprecate some value in favor of a 
grandfathered tag in the post-RFC 4646 era.

In fact, the rules explicitly allow a Preferred-Value to be a tag, if 
the thing being deprecated is a grandfathered item. In 4646bis, for 
example, it says:

--
# For fields of type 'script', 'region', and 'variant', 
'Preferred-Value' contains the subtag of the same 'Type' that is 
preferred for forming the language tag.
# For fields of type 'language' and 'extlang', 'Preferred-Value' 
contains the language production (see Figure 1 (Language Tag ABNF)) that 
is preferred when forming the language tag. This can be simply a 
'language' subtag, or it can be a 'language' subtag followed by an 
extended language sequence.
# For fields of type 'grandfathered' and 'redundant', a canonical 
mapping to a complete language tag.
--

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I intend to start with the production "irregular" shown below

>>> grandfathered = irregular
>>>            / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; [...]

In that version s/1*3/2*3/.  If you've a good idea to split
"two parts" (the 1 in 1*2) from "three parts" (the 2 in 1*2)
please propose it.

>>> irregular = "en-GB-oed" / "i-ami" / "i-bnn" / "i-default"
>>>           / "i-enochian" / "i-hak" / "i-klingon" / "i-lux"
[...]
>>>           / "sgn-BE-fr" / "sgn-BE-nl" / "sgn-CH-de"

If i-anything clearly belongs to <irregular> I'm not thrilled
by enumerating the 13 i-anything explicitly.  10 of the 13 are
deprecated in 4645bis, only i-default, i-enochian, and i-mingo
will survive.  There's a registry with a museum for this cruft.

Talking about unnecessary details in ABNF could backfire, e.g.
if somebody decides to use i-klingon "because it's legal - as
seen in ABNF".

Unfortunately deprecating the complete zoo won't fly, i-default
is too important.  And the opposite proposal "no individually
registered language subtags, register i-anything for temporary
workarounds" was rejected.  Are you still sure that that's as
it should be ?

Frank



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Addison Phillips wrote:

>> if the wording in Section 3.1 is changed to option (b)
>> above, I'll be happy to make this change for you.

Thanks - doing it individually as modification request on the
language list would be a PITA, I'd have to summarize the thread
here for what is in essence an irrelevant nit - unless somebody
tries weird registry conversions to XML IDs.

> Section 3.1 will be changed to reflect (b), as I believe this
> was an oversight.

ACK.  And please do also something about Doug's observation:

| 3.1 (which I swear is longer by itself than some RFCs)

One point where you could start a 3.1.1 subsection is the
statement "Each record MAY also contain the following fields".

Maybe you have that already, I look into the 9-11 I-D, not
your editor's copy.
 
Frank



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 > ACK.  And please do also something about Doug's observation:
 >
 > | 3.1 (which I swear is longer by itself than some RFCs)
 >
 > One point where you could start a 3.1.1 subsection is the
 > statement "Each record MAY also contain the following fields".
 >
 > Maybe you have that already, I look into the 9-11 I-D, not
 > your editor's copy.

I did the former, but haven't split 3.1 yet. Putting a new <section> tag 
around some paragraphs is not very hard, but I'm not entirely sure I 
agree with doing a split of that section until I try it.

Addison

-- 
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Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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>>> For ALL prefixes, for ALL Suppress-Scripts, and for ALL
>>> Preferred-Values anywhere in the registry ALL subtags of
>>> the corresponding tags (or script subtags in the case of
>>> Suppress-Script) are registered.

JFTR, I forgot to mention ALL redundant tags.

>> is it just a coincidence?
> It's just a coincidence.

Not really, a Prefix must consist of registered subtags, and
a Suppress-script must be a registered script subtag.  For a
Redundant tag the name "redundant" suggests that it contains
only registered subtags.

The remaining wiggle room is a Preferred-Value, and Addison
listed:  For script + region + variant it must be a registered
subtag of the same type.  Ditto for language under 4646 rules,
that will be extended to include extlang, but it still must be
a registered language or extlang.

That limits potential "coincidences" to the Preferred-Value of
redundant or grandfathered.  Because the grandfathered zoo is
frozen you'll find that i-hak with Preferred-Value zh-hakka is
the only case.

It's highly unlikely (and no mere coincidence) that i-default,
i-enochian, or i-mingo get a Preferred-Value pointing into the
grandfathered tags.  I daresay impossible.  Also for all other
"not yet" (state 4645bis-00pre) deprecated grandfathered tags.

And I also don't see any remaining redundant tags getting a new
Preferred-Value pointing into the grandfathered tags.  Based
on that the hakka-"coincidence" turns out to be a singularity.

In theory i-default qualifies as the target of a no nonsense
Preferred-Value, but in practise the 4646 rules don't allow it.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 18 19:44:17 2006
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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> Putting a new <section> tag around some paragraphs is not
> very hard

It needs a nice title, e.g. "Optional fields".  

> I'm not entirely sure I agree with doing a split of that
> section until I try it.

Extract from the USEFOR-09 ToC (excl. its <h4> sub-sections):

|  3.  News Header Fields 
|    3.1.  Mandatory Header Fields
|    3.2.  Optional Header Fields
|    3.3.  Obsolete Header Fields

Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] RFC 4646 production "grandfathered" considered  harmful
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> >>grandfathered = irregular 
> >>
> >>           / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered 
> >>           grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not 
> >>           otherwise be valid

I still don't understand the purpose of the second alternative.
It matches a random subset of well-formed tags which happen to
include all the grandfathered/redundant tags, but they also
match "langtag", and it allows all sorts of cruft to be well-formed
that will never be needed or useful.

-- 
A rabbi whose congregation doesn't want         John Cowan
to drive him out of town isn't a rabbi,         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
and a rabbi who lets them do it                 cowan@ccil.org
isn't a man.    --Jewish saying

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(laughing)

In the actual editor's copy, I replaced it with 'langtag' for that reason.

Addison

John Cowan wrote:
> Addison Phillips scripsit:
> 
>>>> grandfathered = irregular 
>>>>
>>>>           / 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum)) ; registered 
>>>>           grandfathered codes that are well-formed, but would not 
>>>>           otherwise be valid
> 
> I still don't understand the purpose of the second alternative.
> It matches a random subset of well-formed tags which happen to
> include all the grandfathered/redundant tags, but they also
> match "langtag", and it allows all sorts of cruft to be well-formed
> that will never be needed or useful.
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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John Cowan wrote:

>>>> 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum))

> I still don't understand the purpose of the second
> alternative.

Right, now I also see it.  An enumeration is useful if
it could be mistaken as well-formed "regular" tag.  For
a parser it's important to match some "irregular" tags
_before_ it starts to match the "regular" tags.

 From that POV x-anything and i-anything are harmless,
they're never ambiguous.  And sgn-BE-nl or en-GB-oed
are also not critical, they never match "regular" tags,
because they're not well-formed.

At some point (not necesarily a.s.a.p.) they have to
match, after all they're valid.  Therefore these tags
could be enumerated as part of <irregular>.

The critical tags are well-formed grandfathered tags
like zh-xiang, because there is no registered variant
xiang (at the moment).

You're trying to clean it up for boont and scouse, if
that's accepted we end up with nine critical tags:

art-lobjan, cel-gaulish, no-nyn, no-bok, zh-guoyu,
zh-hakka, zh-min, zh-min-nan, zh-xiang.

We're free to do whatever we like with the potential
variants in those tags (declare them to be reserved,
or deprecate them).

We cannot preempt bok, min, nan and nyn, and they'll
be used soon (probably):

- bok is a future language subtag
- min is a future language subtag
- nan is a future extlang (and even related, good)
- nyn is a future language subtag

So from the 9 (or 11) critical tags we get a subset
of 4 tags "no-extlang-or-not-what-you-might-expect".

That results in about four subsets for an improved
grandfathered ABNF:

13 i-anything, detailed ABNF enumeration unnecessary
 4 extlang bogeys: no-bok, no-nyn, zh-min, zh-min-nan
 5 variant bogeys: art-lobjan, cel-gaulish, etc.
 2 variant bogeys which might go away before "date C"
 4 less critical: en-GB-oed, and the three sgn-XX-yy

If the ABNF is improved we should consider to support
left-to-right depth-first matching, or in other words
mention <grandfathered> _before_ <langtag>.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 01:29:08 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: RFC 4646 production "grandfathered" considered harmful
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> Right, now I also see it.  An enumeration is useful if
> it could be mistaken as well-formed "regular" tag.  For
> a parser it's important to match some "irregular" tags
> _before_ it starts to match the "regular" tags.

A non-validating parser doesn't have to distinguish between
semantically decomposable tags and indecomposable ones with
special meanings.  All it has to do is have an ABNF that
specifies what tags do and don't match, to which it also
must add the rule against repeated singletons.

For that purpose, only the irregular-syntax tags need
to appear in the ABNF; the ones with regular syntax but
irregular semantics do not.

>  From that POV x-anything and i-anything are harmless,

i-anything is *not* harmless; it means that i-foobar is
well-formed even though it is neither composed of valid
subtags nor itself a valid grandfathered tag.  i-foobar
should be ill-formed.

Validating parsers can use a different set of productions
if it suits them better, though I don't see why it would:
the simplest approach is to check for well-formedness,
then check the registry to see if the tag is grandfathered,
and if not, decompose them.

-- 
John Cowan     http://ccil.org/~cowan    cowan@ccil.org
Monday we watch-a Firefly's house, but he no come out.  He wasn't home.
Tuesday we go to the ball game, but he fool us.  He no show up.  Wednesday he
go to the ball game, and we fool him.  We no show up.  Thursday was a
double-header.  Nobody show up.  Friday it rained all day.  There was no ball
game, so we stayed home and we listened to it on-a the radio.  --Chicolini

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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: RFC 4646 production "grandfathered" considered harmful
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A validating parser is *not* limited to all of the possible strings in the
ABNF. That is already true in 4646 -- duplicate singleton extension tags are
forbidden although that cannot be expressed in the ABNF.

Saying that grandfathered tags are limited to i-anything is certainly an
improvement on the current situation, which is:

 grandfathered = 1*3ALPHA 1*2("-" (2*8alphanum))

Although Frank has a point, I think my preferred approach would be to simply
define but immediately deprecate subtags like lobjan -- that removes them
from the grandfathered list. For the ABNF, we are then only left with the
items that are syntactically ill-formed, which we could express with:

grandfathered = "i-" irregularI
            / "sgn-" irregularSgn
            / irregularOther

irregularI = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / "klingon" /
"lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"
irregularSgn= "BE-fr" / "BE-nl" / "CH-de"
irregularOther = "en-GB-oed"

We then have the smallest ABNF that (with the exception of duplicate
singletons), describes the well-formed cases without letting anything else
in.

Mark

On 9/18/06, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote:
>
> Frank Ellermann scripsit:
>
> > Right, now I also see it.  An enumeration is useful if
> > it could be mistaken as well-formed "regular" tag.  For
> > a parser it's important to match some "irregular" tags
> > _before_ it starts to match the "regular" tags.
>
> A non-validating parser doesn't have to distinguish between
> semantically decomposable tags and indecomposable ones with
> special meanings.  All it has to do is have an ABNF that
> specifies what tags do and don't match, to which it also
> must add the rule against repeated singletons.
>
> For that purpose, only the irregular-syntax tags need
> to appear in the ABNF; the ones with regular syntax but
> irregular semantics do not.
>
> >  From that POV x-anything and i-anything are harmless,
>
> i-anything is *not* harmless; it means that i-foobar is
> well-formed even though it is neither composed of valid
> subtags nor itself a valid grandfathered tag.  i-foobar
> should be ill-formed.
>
> Validating parsers can use a different set of productions
> if it suits them better, though I don't see why it would:
> the simplest approach is to check for well-formedness,
> then check the registry to see if the tag is grandfathered,
> and if not, decompose them.
>
> --
> John Cowan     http://ccil.org/~cowan    cowan@ccil.org
> Monday we watch-a Firefly's house, but he no come out.  He wasn't home.
> Tuesday we go to the ball game, but he fool us.  He no show up.  Wednesday
> he
> go to the ball game, and we fool him.  We no show up.  Thursday was a
> double-header.  Nobody show up.  Friday it rained all day.  There was no
> ball
> game, so we stayed home and we listened to it on-a the radio.  --Chicolini
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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A validating parser is *not* limited to all of the possible strings in the ABNF. That is already true in 4646 -- duplicate singleton extension tags are forbidden although that cannot be expressed in the ABNF.<br><br>Saying that grandfathered tags are limited to i-anything is certainly an improvement on the current situation, which is:
<br><pre> grandfathered = 1*3ALPHA 1*2(&quot;-&quot; (2*8alphanum))</pre>Although Frank has a point, I think my preferred approach would be to simply define but immediately deprecate subtags like lobjan -- that removes them from the grandfathered list. For the ABNF, we are then only left with the items that are syntactically ill-formed, which we could express with:
<br><pre>grandfathered = &quot;i-&quot; irregularI<br>            / &quot;sgn-&quot; irregularSgn<br>            / irregularOther<br></pre>
<span name="st">irregular</span>I = &quot;ami&quot; / &quot;bnn&quot; / &quot;default&quot; / &quot;enochian&quot; / &quot;hak&quot; / &quot;klingon&quot; / &quot;lux&quot; / &quot;mingo&quot; / &quot;navajo&quot; / &quot;pwn&quot; / &quot;tao&quot; / &quot;tay&quot; / &quot;tsu&quot;
<br><span name="st">irregularSgn</span>= &quot;BE-fr&quot; / &quot;BE-nl&quot; / &quot;CH-de&quot;<br><span name="st">irregularOther </span>= &quot;en-GB-oed&quot;<br><br>We then have the smallest ABNF that (with the exception of duplicate singletons), describes the well-formed cases without letting anything else in.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/18/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">John Cowan</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Frank Ellermann scripsit:<br><br>&gt; Right, now I also see it.&nbsp;&nbsp;An enumeration is useful if<br>&gt; it could be mistaken as well-formed &quot;regular&quot; tag.&nbsp;&nbsp;For<br>&gt; a parser it's important to match some &quot;irregular&quot; tags
<br>&gt; _before_ it starts to match the &quot;regular&quot; tags.<br><br>A non-validating parser doesn't have to distinguish between<br>semantically decomposable tags and indecomposable ones with<br>special meanings.&nbsp;&nbsp;All it has to do is have an ABNF that
<br>specifies what tags do and don't match, to which it also<br>must add the rule against repeated singletons.<br><br>For that purpose, only the irregular-syntax tags need<br>to appear in the ABNF; the ones with regular syntax but
<br>irregular semantics do not.<br><br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;From that POV x-anything and i-anything are harmless,<br><br>i-anything is *not* harmless; it means that i-foobar is<br>well-formed even though it is neither composed of valid<br>
subtags nor itself a valid grandfathered tag.&nbsp;&nbsp;i-foobar<br>should be ill-formed.<br><br>Validating parsers can use a different set of productions<br>if it suits them better, though I don't see why it would:<br>the simplest approach is to check for well-formedness,
<br>then check the registry to see if the tag is grandfathered,<br>and if not, decompose them.<br><br>--<br>John Cowan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://ccil.org/~cowan">http://ccil.org/~cowan</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org
</a><br>Monday we watch-a Firefly's house, but he no come out.&nbsp;&nbsp;He wasn't home.<br>Tuesday we go to the ball game, but he fool us.&nbsp;&nbsp;He no show up.&nbsp;&nbsp;Wednesday he<br>go to the ball game, and we fool him.&nbsp;&nbsp;We no show up.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thursday was a
<br>double-header.&nbsp;&nbsp;Nobody show up.&nbsp;&nbsp;Friday it rained all day.&nbsp;&nbsp;There was no ball<br>game, so we stayed home and we listened to it on-a the radio.&nbsp;&nbsp;--Chicolini<br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list
<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Process for creating 4646bis Registry
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>> Seriously, I think this passage is in error with respect to "tags" 
>> and needs to be modified to say that redundant tags are either:
>> ...
>> (b) cased as if they were composed of individual subtags, using the 
>> casing conventions for those subtags (what you want).
>
> Section 3.1 will be changed to reflect (b), as I believe this was an 
> oversight.

I will specifically mention this in 4645bis, since otherwise it would be 
a "silent change."

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: zh-hakka
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> It's a coincidence, but one that is desirable. In other words, I think 
> it would be a Bad Thing to deprecate some value in favor of a 
> grandfathered tag in the post-RFC 4646 era.

Of course it would.  Nobody's proposing to do this in the future.  We 
are talking about the situation with "zh-hakka", which became the 
Preferred-Value for "i-hak" (except we didn't call it that) back in the 
RFC 1766 era.  It's not going to be partitioned into language + variant 
(unlike "en-boont") because we know the language is covered by ISO 
639-3.  This situation could not happen again.

> In fact, the rules explicitly allow a Preferred-Value to be a tag, if 
> the thing being deprecated is a grandfathered item. In 4646bis, for 
> example, it says:
> ...
> # For fields of type 'grandfathered' and 'redundant', a canonical 
> mapping to a complete language tag.

I did cite that.  We know the P-V for deprecated tag "A" must be another 
tag -- the question is whether tag "B" can be a grandfathered tag.  And 
the answer is, of course it can, as long as tag "B" replaced tag "A" 
before the RFC 4646 era.  That is exactly what happened with "zh-hakka".

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> Unfortunately deprecating the complete zoo won't fly, i-default is too 
> important.  And the opposite proposal "no individually registered 
> language subtags, register i-anything for temporary workarounds" was 
> rejected.  Are you still sure that that's as it should be ?

The grammar really has nothing to do with what's deprecated and what's 
not.  Deprecated tags and subtags are still valid, and still have to 
appear in the ABNF somehow.  Our idea of "deprecated" isn't nearly as 
strong as in some other standards, such as ISO 3166 ("stop using ASAP").

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> That limits potential "coincidences" to the Preferred-Value of 
> redundant or grandfathered.  Because the grandfathered zoo is frozen 
> you'll find that i-hak with Preferred-Value zh-hakka is the only case.
>
> It's highly unlikely (and no mere coincidence) that i-default, 
> i-enochian, or i-mingo get a Preferred-Value pointing into the 
> grandfathered tags.  I daresay impossible.  Also for all other "not 
> yet" (state 4645bis-00pre) deprecated grandfathered tags.
>
> And I also don't see any remaining redundant tags getting a new 
> Preferred-Value pointing into the grandfathered tags.  Based on that 
> the hakka-"coincidence" turns out to be a singularity.

I really don't understand what the big deal is concerning "zh-hakka". 
The only reason it is different in any way from "zh-guoyu", or for that 
matter "zh-xiang", is that there was a prior registration under RFC 1766 
for the same language ("i-hak").

    January 1999: "i-hak" is registered.

    December 1999: "zh-hakka" is registered.

    January 2000: "i-hak" is deprecated in favor of "zh-hakka".

    January 2001: RFC 3066 is published, replacing RFC 1766.

Under RFC 1766 and 3066 there was nothing unusual about the idea of one 
registered tag being deprecated in favor of another registered tag. 
Nobody has proposed that *more* tags should be deprecated in favor of 
grandfathered tags -- that could not happen in the RFC 4646 era by 
definition.

The situation with Hakka, plain and simple, is that "i-hak" was 
deprecated in favor of "zh-hakka" almost seven years ago, and now both 
tags are grandfathered into 4646, and "zh-hakka" is about to be 
deprecated in favor of an ISO 639-3-based language/extlang combination. 
It would be preposterous to register a variant "hakka" just to satisfy a 
4646 grammar rule that never existed.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Hello Stephane,

I have explicitly not said that the discussion of an
alternative XML format should be moved off the list,
because I, too, think that it is valuable to have
such discussions. I have just asked that they be
marked with [OT] to help people who are overwhelmed
by the number of mails.

Regards,    Martin.

At 16:44 06/09/18, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
>On Mon, Sep 18, 2006 at 11:17:38AM +0900,
> Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote 
> a message of 127 lines which said:
>
>> As a co-chair, I marked this off-topic, unless I misunderstood you
>> to make this as a proposal for the actual registry.
>
>I do not think that Frank wanted XML to be the official format :-)
>
>Nevertheless, I find quite useful, even if it is officially OT, to
>discuss here about alternative formats (my proposal to host somewhere,
>in an unofficial site, the translations to other formats) or about
>implementations (such as Mark's regexp).
>
>Yes, it is not in the WG charter but tackling practical problems is
>also a good way to test the standard and to improve it. 
>
>If the chairs insist :-) may be we could create a dedicated mailing
>list, "ltru-implementors" but I would regard this as useless
>duplication.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 05:49:36 2006
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Martin Duerst wrote:

> I have just asked that they be marked with [OT] to help
> people who are overwhelmed by the number of mails.

Oops, that wasn't clear for me.  Different net cultures
with different netiquettes - the subject tag [OT] often
implies "ought to be moved to another group or list or
private mail a.s.a.p.".  I've heard that it used to have
your intended meaning in MAUSNET.

Frank



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On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,
 Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote 
 a message of 98 lines which said:

> and a test file that includes strings mentioned on this list is at:
> 
> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt

May I ask a question about some of the tags in this file? 

xE-Lxs-qu is indicated as well-formed but I do not think so. Because
of "Lxs", it can only be and extension and therefore, "qu" is
forbidden (xE-Lxs is well-formed, as well as xE-Lxs-quT). 

(There are in your file several other tags with 2letters then
3letters, which have the same problem.)






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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> xE-Lxs-qu is indicated as well-formed but I do not think so. Because
> of "Lxs", it can only be and extension and therefore, "qu" is
> forbidden (xE-Lxs is well-formed, as well as xE-Lxs-quT). 

No, it's well-formed all right:  language-extlang-region.  Nothing
wrong with that, as in "zh-hak-TW", the variety of Hakka Chinese
spoken on Taiwan.  Of course it won't be valid until 4646bis.

-- 
What asininity could I have uttered     John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
that they applaud me thus?              http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --Phocion, Greek orator

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Let me advertise boldly my language tag parser :

http://www.bortzmeyer.org/gabuzomeu-parsing-language-tags.html

It is free software, so feel free to play with it. It has many bugs,
so I'm sure to get a lot of reports :-)

Are there any other publically released language tag parsers?

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: zh-hakka
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At 15:30 06/09/19, Doug Ewell wrote:

>The situation with Hakka, plain and simple, is that "i-hak" was deprecated in favor of "zh-hakka" almost seven years ago, and now both tags are grandfathered into 4646, and "zh-hakka" is about to be deprecated in favor of an ISO 639-3-based language/extlang combination. It would be preposterous to register a variant "hakka" just to satisfy a 4646 grammar rule that never existed.

Somewhat unrelated:

My understanding is that currently 'preferred' value pointers are
as follows:

i-hak -> zh-hakka
zh-hakka -> zh-hak

I think the following would be preferable:

i-hak -> zh-hak
zh-hakka -> zh-hak

This would avoid the need for repetition when calculating the
preferred value.

Regards,     Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: zh-hakka
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> My understanding is that currently 'preferred' value pointers are as 
> follows:
>
> i-hak -> zh-hakka
> zh-hakka -> zh-hak
>
> I think the following would be preferable:
>
> i-hak -> zh-hak
> zh-hakka -> zh-hak
>
> This would avoid the need for repetition when calculating the 
> preferred value.

Preferred-Values aren't allowed to change once they are assigned.  There 
was a stability reason for this.  I think Mark can probably address 
that.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Martin Duerst wrote:
 
> i-hak -> zh-hakka
> zh-hakka -> zh-hak
 
> I think the following would be preferable:
 
> i-hak -> zh-hak
> zh-hakka -> zh-hak

Yes.   It would also eliminate the only pointer containing a
"non-variant".  We discussed this in the last round, I don't
recall the arguments against it.  Maybe the more convoluted
4646 pointers were inspired by UnicodeData.txt (?)

> This would avoid the need for repetition when calculating
> the preferred value.

It also simplifies pointer checks, there's never a danger of
A -> B -> C -> A, if A *_must_* point to something that has
no further pointer.

Frank



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It seems that a third alternative would be to give the sources
a hint that they might want to do a little cleanup. But I
guess somebody has thought about that, and somebody has tried it.

Regards,    Martin.

At 13:50 06/09/18, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:
>
>> I agree. Frank said we should just use what the source uses, but officially, the soure in most cases still is paper.
>
>As much for the archives as for Martin:
>
>The question of "use what the source uses" is a long-standing, divisive one.  The sources for the 4646 Registry were electronic: code lists found on the home pages of the ISO MA's and on the UNSD site.  Sometimes these appeared inconsistent, with themselves and particularly with each other, on things like apostrophe usage.  Sometimes they yielded bizarre results, like the acute accent (U+00B4) used in the name Gwich'in.
>
>There are WG members (and ietf-languages contributors) who feel very strongly that the Description fields in the Registry must match the source standards exactly, to enable automated cross-referencing and generally to avoid arbitrariness.  Then there are WG members (and ietf-languages contributors) who feel equally strongly that we should be able to improve on the names, either typographically or to improve clarity and avoid ambiguity.  These two groups are at polar opposites and the only way to satisfy both is to admit both Descriptions, even when the end result seems preposterous.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell
>Fullerton, California, USA
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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[chair hat on]

Peter, with the observation below, do you want to say
you are in favor of moving to UTF-8, or against, or
did you write that strictly as an observation only?

Regards,    Martin.

At 16:04 06/09/18, Peter Constable wrote:
>> From: Martin Duerst [mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp]
>
>
>> Agreed. In my point of view, the pain of Bokm&#$!@*l outweights
>> a lot of things. The main benefit is that native people can
>> easily check that things are correct, which they won't do
>> if we show them just a number.
>
>There's lots of software that will interpret an NCR in an HTML, XML or HTML 
>file and display it to the user as the actual character in the UCS for 
>which it is a reference. I don't think there is any software that will do 
>this for the file located at 
>http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry. 
>
>
>
>
>Peter Constable



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 15:58 06/09/18, Jukka K. Korpela wrote:
>On Sun, 17 Sep 2006, Peter Constable wrote:

>> I suppose one could use IPA notation to cite an abstracted utterance. Abstracted usage -- i.e. independent of any language -- is often done when discussing individual phonemes, but I don't know that I've ever seen a single instance of a transcription of an abstracted utterance.
>
>Just to clarify: I did not mean an abstract utterance

Talking about abstract utterances, the sounds produced by
our six month old doughter could be an interesting source,
but I doubt IPA could cover all of them, and I'm not eough
of an IPA user to actually try to write some of them down :-).

Regards,    Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 15:31 06/09/18, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>Doug Ewell wrote:
>
>> I'm trying to gauge consensus myself, and we know how
>> dangerous it can be when individual members start doing that.
>
>That's editorial freedom, if we don't like the result we can
>disccuss it.

[co-chair hat on] Yes indeed.


>> We'd better decide this pivotal question soon.
>
>For the initial draft stick to your choice,

[co-chair hat on] Yes, please. It's easier to discuss
an actual draft (or potentially some data hanging off
an actual draft but verifiably so) than some proposals
in emails.

>> IMHO it would be more of an error if we "corrected" the case
>> of a previously registered tag; the whole point of keeping
>> redundant tags in the Registry is to preserve them in a
>> museum-like setting.
>
>The museum survives it if one yi-latn is fixed to yi-Latn. :-)

[co-chair hat off]
I agree with Frank here. Somebody had to be the first to come up
with the idea of using XML idrefs for cross-checking, and unfortunately,
it didn't happen before RFC 464x. And because case is officially and
completely irrelevant, I don't see a point in the 'museum' preserving it.
And for historians, http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-tags
is still online at the moment, and our mails serve as another
witness to that specific bit of language tag history.

Regards,   Martin.




#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 09:58:06 2006
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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> Although Frank has a point, I think my preferred approach would be to 
> simply define but immediately deprecate subtags like lobjan -- that 
> removes them from the grandfathered list. For the ABNF, we are then 
> only left with the items that are syntactically ill-formed, which we 
> could express with:
>
> grandfathered = "i-" irregularI
>            / "sgn-" irregularSgn
>            / irregularOther
>
> irregularI = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / 
> "klingon" / "lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"
> irregularSgn= "BE-fr" / "BE-nl" / "CH-de"
> irregularOther = "en-GB-oed"
>
> We then have the smallest ABNF that (with the exception of duplicate 
> singletons), describes the well-formed cases without letting anything 
> else in.

I think creating more deprecated-at-birth subtags is a terrible idea. 
As you showed, it doesn't even simplify the ABNF -- you still have the 
messy "irregularOther" production.  It reduces the size of the list in 
the ABNF, but increases the amount of trash in the Registry.

The ABNF can't cover every possible syntactical tagging rule anyway; 
consider en-b-bbb-a-aaa.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> This would avoid the need for repetition when calculating the 
>> preferred value.
>
> It also simplifies pointer checks, there's never a danger of A -> B -> 
> C -> A, if A *_must_* point to something that has no further pointer.

I think we are again trying to legislate against the unthinkable.  Once 
the Registry has been created, only newly formed subtags (and tags 
composed from them) get to be Preferred-Values.  There is no reasonable 
chance that ietf-languages will ever make an older (sub)tag the 
Preferred-Value for a newer one.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> xE-Lxs-qu is indicated as well-formed but I do not think so. Because 
> of "Lxs", it can only be and extension and therefore, "qu" is 
> forbidden (xE-Lxs is well-formed, as well as xE-Lxs-quT).

Be careful not to confuse "extended language" or "extlang" subtags, 
which are 3 letters, with "extension" subtags, which cannot appear 
before a region.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Sat, Sep 16, 2006 at 04:28:01PM -0700,
>  Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote 
>  a message of 98 lines which said:
> 
>> and a test file that includes strings mentioned on this list is at:
>>
>> http://unicode.org/cldr/data/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagTest.txt
> 
> May I ask a question about some of the tags in this file? 
> 
> xE-Lxs-qu is indicated as well-formed but I do not think so. Because
> of "Lxs", it can only be and extension and therefore, "qu" is
> forbidden (xE-Lxs is well-formed, as well as xE-Lxs-quT). 

"Lxs" would be an extlang and "qu" would be a region.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Martin Duerst wrote:
>  
>> i-hak -> zh-hakka
>> zh-hakka -> zh-hak
>  
>> I think the following would be preferable:
>  
>> i-hak -> zh-hak
>> zh-hakka -> zh-hak
> 
> Yes.   It would also eliminate the only pointer containing a
> "non-variant".  We discussed this in the last round, I don't
> recall the arguments against it.  Maybe the more convoluted
> 4646 pointers were inspired by UnicodeData.txt (?)

I don't understand. Why is it important that a pointer contain a variant?

> 
>> This would avoid the need for repetition when calculating
>> the preferred value.
> 
> It also simplifies pointer checks, there's never a danger of
> A -> B -> C -> A, if A *_must_* point to something that has
> no further pointer.
> 

But we don't want to enshrine that in the rules, do we? I don't think it 
is necessary to require that pointers have only a depth of 1 in the 
registry.

Addison

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Doug Ewell wrote:
>  There is no reasonable
> chance that ietf-languages will ever make an older (sub)tag the 
> Preferred-Value for a newer one.
> 

That might not turn out to be true. For example, sometimes countries 
merge together.

Addison

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It occurs to me that we should add text in 4646bis forbidding the 
registration of those subtags that would make a grandfathered tag, if 
that tag is deprecated. Rather than regularizing "zh-hakka" (and 
friends), we ought to prevent conflicts with it so that it can rest in 
peace.

Addison

Doug Ewell wrote:
> Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
> 
>> It's a coincidence, but one that is desirable. In other words, I think 
>> it would be a Bad Thing to deprecate some value in favor of a 
>> grandfathered tag in the post-RFC 4646 era.
> 
> Of course it would.  Nobody's proposing to do this in the future.  We 
> are talking about the situation with "zh-hakka", which became the 
> Preferred-Value for "i-hak" (except we didn't call it that) back in the 
> RFC 1766 era.  It's not going to be partitioned into language + variant 
> (unlike "en-boont") because we know the language is covered by ISO 
> 639-3.  This situation could not happen again.
> 
>> In fact, the rules explicitly allow a Preferred-Value to be a tag, if 
>> the thing being deprecated is a grandfathered item. In 4646bis, for 
>> example, it says:
>> ...
>> # For fields of type 'grandfathered' and 'redundant', a canonical 
>> mapping to a complete language tag.
> 
> I did cite that.  We know the P-V for deprecated tag "A" must be another 
> tag -- the question is whether tag "B" can be a grandfathered tag.  And 
> the answer is, of course it can, as long as tag "B" replaced tag "A" 
> before the RFC 4646 era.  That is exactly what happened with "zh-hakka".
> 
> -- 
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> 

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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+1

Doug Ewell wrote:
> Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:
> 
>> Although Frank has a point, I think my preferred approach would be to 
>> simply define but immediately deprecate subtags like lobjan -- that 
>> removes them from the grandfathered list. For the ABNF, we are then 
>> only left with the items that are syntactically ill-formed, which we 
>> could express with:
>>
>> grandfathered = "i-" irregularI
>>            / "sgn-" irregularSgn
>>            / irregularOther
>>
>> irregularI = "ami" / "bnn" / "default" / "enochian" / "hak" / 
>> "klingon" / "lux" / "mingo" / "navajo" / "pwn" / "tao" / "tay" / "tsu"
>> irregularSgn= "BE-fr" / "BE-nl" / "CH-de"
>> irregularOther = "en-GB-oed"
>>
>> We then have the smallest ABNF that (with the exception of duplicate 
>> singletons), describes the well-formed cases without letting anything 
>> else in.
> 
> I think creating more deprecated-at-birth subtags is a terrible idea. As 
> you showed, it doesn't even simplify the ABNF -- you still have the 
> messy "irregularOther" production.  It reduces the size of the list in 
> the ABNF, but increases the amount of trash in the Registry.
> 
> The ABNF can't cover every possible syntactical tagging rule anyway; 
> consider en-b-bbb-a-aaa.
> 
> -- 
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
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On Tue, Sep 19, 2006 at 07:45:05AM -0700,
 Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote 
 a message of 27 lines which said:

> "Lxs" would be an extlang and "qu" would be a region.

Yes, of course, my bug. Fixed, thanks.

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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> there's never a danger of A -> B -> C -> A, if A *_must_*
>> point to something that has no further pointer.
 
> I think we are again trying to legislate against the
> unthinkable.
[...]
> There is no reasonable chance that ietf-languages will ever
> make an older (sub)tag the Preferred-Value for a newer one.

Not intentionally, but with a valid A -> B and a new subtag C
deprecating B you get A -> B -> C, and a simple typo could
twist this into A -> B -> A.  Admittedly I like graph theory.

Frank



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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
Date: Tue, 19 Sep 2006 08:29:01 -0700
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Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
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There's a prior question: what will the content of registry records
contain? (We don't need an encoding that supports the entire UCS if we
don't intend to have records using characters from that entire
repertoire.) I don't recall if that's been discussed and resolved.

I do support using an encoding that directly supports whatever
characters we wish to allow in the registry without use of NCRs or other
such escape mechanisms; and if we wish to allow any UCS character in the
registry then I would support using UTF-8 as the encoding.


Peter



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Martin Duerst [mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp]
> Sent: Tuesday, September 19, 2006 6:18 AM
> To: Peter Constable; LTRU Working Group
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
>=20
> [chair hat on]
>=20
> Peter, with the observation below, do you want to say
> you are in favor of moving to UTF-8, or against, or
> did you write that strictly as an observation only?
>=20
> Regards,    Martin.
>=20
> At 16:04 06/09/18, Peter Constable wrote:
> >> From: Martin Duerst [mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp]
> >
> >
> >> Agreed. In my point of view, the pain of Bokm&#$!@*l outweights
> >> a lot of things. The main benefit is that native people can
> >> easily check that things are correct, which they won't do
> >> if we show them just a number.
> >
> >There's lots of software that will interpret an NCR in an HTML, XML
or HTML
> >file and display it to the user as the actual character in the UCS
for
> >which it is a reference. I don't think there is any software that
will do
> >this for the file located at
> >http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >Peter Constable
>=20
>=20
>=20
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp
mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 11:46:03 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
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Descriptions and comments both allow the full range of Unicode today. 
Doug has noted some number of items (perhaps a dozen) that use non-ASCII 
(mostly Latin-script) letters or symbols. There is no check for the 
range of characters permitted, nor (in our discussion in draft-registry 
days) should there be.

I think that limiting the repertoire to anything less than the full 
range of the UCS would prove problematic anyway. And while I don't see a 
pressing need to identify languages in their native form, some people 
might find it offensive if it were banned outright. Similarly, some 
might find comments clearer if they contained some native description. I 
don't know.

What I do know is that I think that the only limitation that could 
reasonably be made that would be non-arbitrary would be a limitation to 
ASCII. And I, personally, will not support any encodings except those 
two for encoding the registry: either US-ASCII or UTF-8.

Addison

Peter Constable wrote:
> There's a prior question: what will the content of registry records
> contain? (We don't need an encoding that supports the entire UCS if we
> don't intend to have records using characters from that entire
> repertoire.) I don't recall if that's been discussed and resolved.
> 
> I do support using an encoding that directly supports whatever
> characters we wish to allow in the registry without use of NCRs or other
> such escape mechanisms; and if we wish to allow any UCS character in the
> registry then I would support using UTF-8 as the encoding.
> 
> 
> Peter
> 
> 
> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Martin Duerst [mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp]
>> Sent: Tuesday, September 19, 2006 6:18 AM
>> To: Peter Constable; LTRU Working Group
>> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: UTF-8
>>
>> [chair hat on]
>>
>> Peter, with the observation below, do you want to say
>> you are in favor of moving to UTF-8, or against, or
>> did you write that strictly as an observation only?
>>
>> Regards,    Martin.
>>
>> At 16:04 06/09/18, Peter Constable wrote:
>>>> From: Martin Duerst [mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp]
>>>
>>>> Agreed. In my point of view, the pain of Bokm&#$!@*l outweights
>>>> a lot of things. The main benefit is that native people can
>>>> easily check that things are correct, which they won't do
>>>> if we show them just a number.
>>> There's lots of software that will interpret an NCR in an HTML, XML
> or HTML
>>> file and display it to the user as the actual character in the UCS
> for
>>> which it is a reference. I don't think there is any software that
> will do
>>> this for the file located at
>>> http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Peter Constable
>>
>>
>> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
>> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp
> mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 12:14:28 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] split section 3.1
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To address the various comments on the length of Section 3.1, I have 
created an experimental version of draft-01 and posted it on my website.

I split the section into three sections: File Format, Record 
Definitions, and Field Requirements. That last is split up by field 
type. Some text rearrangement was necessary to make this work and a 
little bit of editing was done. The last section needs an introductory 
paragraph (yes, Martin, yes, I know :-) ) and a bit more tugging is 
necessary.

However... I think it important to get a consensus that such a massive 
edit is called for (just to split the darned thing up a bit). I 
*personally* feel that this is something that should be left alone: we 
didn't do it in the 4646 era, why now?

File are at:

    http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01alpha.txt
    http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01alpha.html
    http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01alpha.xml

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 12:16:23 2006
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Oh... and (pre-)draft-01 with the ABNF change is posted too...

     http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01.txt
     http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01.html
     http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01.xml

Addison Phillips wrote:
> To address the various comments on the length of Section 3.1, I have 
> created an experimental version of draft-01 and posted it on my website.
> 
> I split the section into three sections: File Format, Record 
> Definitions, and Field Requirements. That last is split up by field 
> type. Some text rearrangement was necessary to make this work and a 
> little bit of editing was done. The last section needs an introductory 
> paragraph (yes, Martin, yes, I know :-) ) and a bit more tugging is 
> necessary.
> 
> However... I think it important to get a consensus that such a massive 
> edit is called for (just to split the darned thing up a bit). I 
> *personally* feel that this is something that should be left alone: we 
> didn't do it in the 4646 era, why now?
> 
> File are at:
> 
>    http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01alpha.txt
>    http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01alpha.html
>    http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-4646bis-01alpha.xml
> 
> Addison
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 19 20:42:20 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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Hi,

Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:
>> Any news about the supposed plan to move all IANA registries to XML?
> > No idea. Do you mind if I ping the IANA about that?

Yes, IANA is undertaking to convert all our registries over to XML.   
We'll be doing this in an incremental fashion of course, starting  
with a few of the simpler registries, getting feedback from people,  
revising and doing more registries, getting feedback, etc. until  
everything is converted over.  Part of this project will also be to  
generate "legacy" registries from the XML in formats that are as  
close to what exists now as we can easily manage (in an undoubtedly  
vain attempt to try to limit the screams of outrage from the poor  
souls who have hacked software to deal with the existing registries).

We anticipate having the first set of registries (and various backend  
systems we use internally) done by sometime around the beginning of  
2007.  A more formal announcement of this effort will probably be  
made at the San Diego IETF.  I'm happy to answer any questions folk  
might have...

Regards,
-drc
General Manager, IANA


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 00:32:24 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: zh-hakka
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> There is no reasonable chance that ietf-languages will ever make an 
>> older (sub)tag the Preferred-Value for a newer one.
>
> Not intentionally, but with a valid A -> B and a new subtag C 
> deprecating B you get A -> B -> C, and a simple typo could twist this 
> into A -> B -> A.  Admittedly I like graph theory.

Typos in any of the the normative parts of the Registry could cause any 
number of problems.  That's why some of us are watching diligently every 
time IANA releases a new version, and scrutinizing the registration 
forms with a magnifying glass before they are submitted to IANA.

IANA is not perfect.  Already since the "RFC 3066bis" era began, they 
have released one with a duplicated record, one with a missing Type 
field, and one with a multi-line Comments field that was missing the 
critical leading spaces on the second line.  Because we are watching 
carefully for typos such as these, they were fixed quickly and the 
number of users that were affected is most likely zero.


Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> That might not turn out to be true. For example, sometimes countries 
> merge together.

That's a good point.  I take back the overly broad statement.

Let's consider the case of countries merging.  Since Serbia and 
Montenegro has been such a commonly cited example in LTRU, let's stay 
with it.

In the next few weeks, or months or something, ISO 3166/MA will decide 
on new alpha-2 code elements for Serbia and for Montenegro, now that 
they have agreed to break up.  I don't have any inside knowledge on what 
the code elements will be, but two widely reported possibilities are SP 
and ME, so let's assume that for now.

Naturally, these code elements will be transformed into RFC 4646 region 
subtags, but the existing subtag CS will *not* be given a 
Preferred-Value of either SP or ME.  If the two countries --  
hypothetically speaking -- should decide to reunite at a later date, the 
subtags SP and ME would probably be assigned a Preferred-Value of CS, 
but there would be no circularity problem.  I'd be interested if 
somebody could come up with a plausible scenario that would result in 
circular P-V assignments.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 00:45:00 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> There's a prior question: what will the content of registry records 
> contain? (We don't need an encoding that supports the entire UCS if we 
> don't intend to have records using characters from that entire 
> repertoire.) I don't recall if that's been discussed and resolved.

The existing RFC 4646 Registry already contains instances of 11 
different non-ASCII characters, including 3 that are not in Latin-1. 
The current set of 7,600 reference names in ISO/FDIS 639-3 contains 
almost 500 Latin-1 characters, all of which will end up in the Registry. 
(They have to; there are some language names in 639-3 that are 
differentiated only by an accent.)

Clearly the Registry needs an encoding that supports characters beyond 
ASCII or even Latin-1.  We already have one: the much-grumbled-about hex 
NCR's.  UTF-8 would be another.  While we could limit the Registry to a 
subset of the UCS, such as MES-2 -- or MES-1, if we were willing to go 
through the intense pain of removing "Ethiopic (Ge&#x2BB;ez)" -- I don't 
see what advantage it would bring.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 00:58:35 2006
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There are two problems in the prototype RFC 4646bis Registry I posted a 
few days ago.

The first problem is an extra trailing space-and-asterisk in 13 
Description fields, for the language subtag records that have an extlang 
with the same name.  The group agreed (I think) not to change any 
existing names, although that means we will have (for example) a 
language subtag called "Konkani" and "Konkani (macrolanguage)" and an 
extlang also called "Konkani".  I marked these 13 cases with an asterisk 
so they could be easily removed (or retained) after the decision was 
made, and forgot to rip out the asterisks before posting.

The second problem runs a bit deeper.  ISO 639-2 just added a new code 
element "zza" with six names, one of which is "Dimli".  ISO 639-3 has a 
code element "diq" with the name "Dimli".  If both of these are admitted 
into the Registry, there will be two subtags of the *same type* with the 
same Description.  No matter what anyone says about retaining the 
"official" ISO names, that is not a tolerable situation.

Peter indicated on ietf-languages that the ISO 639 JAC would decide what 
to do about this in due course, but until they do, I need to know what 
to do with the Registry.  I'll post an updated version when a decision 
is reached.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 01:01:07 2006
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I wrote:

> The ABNF can't cover every possible syntactical tagging rule anyway; 
> consider en-b-bbb-a-aaa.

That was a typo; the example I gave is well-formed.  I should have 
written "en-a-bbb-a-aaa".

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 01:36:09 2006
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David Conrad <david dot conrad at icann dot org>  wrote:

> Yes, IANA is undertaking to convert all our registries over to XML. 
> We'll be doing this in an incremental fashion of course, starting with 
> a few of the simpler registries, getting feedback from people, 
> revising and doing more registries, getting feedback, etc. until 
> everything is converted over. Part of this project will also be to 
> generate "legacy" registries from the XML in formats that are as close 
> to what exists now as we can easily manage (in an undoubtedly vain 
> attempt to try to limit the screams of outrage from the poor souls who 
> have hacked software to deal with the existing registries).

Now that we know this, shall we bite the bullet and do this ourselves?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 02:50:13 2006
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David Conrad wrote:

> Part of this project will also be to generate "legacy"
> registries from the XML in formats that are as close to what
> exists now as we can easily manage (in an undoubtedly
> vain attempt to try to limit the screams of outrage from the
> poor souls who have hacked software to deal with the existing
> registries).

That's rather important, e.g. it's not yet mentioned in a new
<draft-narten-iana-considerations-rfc2434bis> submitted five 
days ago.  I saw no discussion about it on the XML-dir list.

It can affect any charset registry cleanup attempts (and Ira's
tool donated to IANA), and of course it's also interesting for
any modifications of the language subtag registry format.

With Stephane's tip "Apricot" and Google I found a note from
you in March about "eIANA", that sounded perfectly harmless,
new Web site, new forms, faster, better, enjoy.  Google didn't
find what you said in January, but apparently half of the IAB
should have known that that's coming, and not a minor issue.

Maybe they ignored it at this time because it was before the
renewal or SLA or whatever it was (IANAL), but forgetting it
was "sub-optimal" (I hope that word has the same connotations
in English as in German).

Thanks for info

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> That's why some of us are watching diligently every time IANA
> releases a new version, and scrutinizing the registration
> forms with a magnifying glass before they are submitted to
> IANA.

My (now two) magnifying glasses don't catch unintended cycles.
With a rule "pointers only to non-deprecated (sub)tags" they
could easily catch such typos.

> I'd be interested if somebody could come up with a plausible
> scenario that would result in circular P-V assignments.

MY reverting to BU, or C? reverting to ZR, that might not work
as expected with 4646 rules (too lazy to check).  With Martin's
proposal it works, the BU -> MY pointer would be replaced by a
BU -> BU pointer, and the fine print would say that this should
be reduced to no pointer at all.  Adding MY -> BU as expected.

Frank



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On Wed, Sep 20, 2006 at 08:48:00AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 32 lines which said:

> I found a note from you in March about "eIANA", that sounded
> perfectly harmless,

eIANA has nothing to do with XML. It is a Web interface for TLD
managers to ask IANA and the DoC about the changes they request in the
root zone file of the DNS. No relationship with the "ordinary"
registry business of IANA (the one we depend on) and no relationship
with LTRU.

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On Wed, Sep 20, 2006 at 08:48:00AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 32 lines which said:

> but apparently half of the IAB should have known that that's coming,
> and not a minor issue.

I want to repeat that RFC 4646 is an exception, not the rule. Most of
the RFCs which instruct IANA to create a registry leave the details
completely open and, unlike RFC 4646, never specify a format for the
registry.

IMHO, it means IANA is quite free to change the master format.

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> I split the section into three sections: File Format, Record
> Definitions, and Field Requirements.

Makes sense.

> That last is split up by field type.

I'm not sure about using <h5> 3.1.3.x, it's not very nice, and
you kept the default <h4> limit in the ToC, so it doesn't show
up in the ToC.
 
> I think it important to get a consensus that such a massive
> edit is called for (just to split the darned thing up a bit).

You could pick a less massive split (3.1.1 isn't strictly
necessary), keeping the old layout as is.

3.1   (Intro) up to "Gregorian Date" (more or less record-jar) 
3.1.1 Required Records (starting at "The first record" etc.)
3.1.2 Optional Records (starting at "Each record MAY")

That would be a minimal edit, but still splits 3.1 in three
logical parts.

> we didn't do it in the 4646 era, why now?

In the 4646 era we were busy to convince you that numbers are
better than bullets when talking about the details of 3.1 <g>

Frank



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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> eIANA has nothing to do with XML. It is a Web interface for
> TLD managers to ask IANA and the DoC about the changes they
> request in the root zone file of the DNS.

While they're at it whois.iana.org should be integrated into
WDPRS, there are many bogus whois servers and broken URLs in
their data.  Or at least that was the case some months ago.

> No relationship with the "ordinary" registry business of IANA

Registry is registry, when I read "better forms" I thought it
could be an improved version of:

http://www.iana.org/protocols/forms.htm

> (the one we depend on) and no relationship with LTRU.

 From my POV it's related, I'm here because I didn't like what
the pre-LTRU draft said about country codes, and that's because
of my whois client with TLDs including ccTLDs.  "Ask IANA" was
about the first thing it got right (after "ask abuse.net").

Frank



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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> Most of the RFCs which instruct IANA to create a registry
> leave the details completely open and, unlike RFC 4646, 
> never specify a format for the registry.

The _intended_ format of RFC 3864 is apparently like what you
find in RFC 4021, the published registry in...

http://www.iana.org/assignments/message-headers/perm-headers.html

...is rather minimalistic.

> IMHO, it means IANA is quite free to change the master format

For stuff that's in essence a collection of <name> ":" <value>
fields in registration templates (= a "record" of record-jar)
XML is not the ideal choice.  Admittedly for the few registries
I care about XML would be better than the status quo.  Minus
LTRU, that's fine.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 08:35:21 2006
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> I'd be interested if somebody could come up with a plausible scenario
> that would result in circular P-V assignments.

What about a country reverting to an earlier name?  We have two historical
examples I can think of offhand, Central African Republic -> Central
African Empire -> Central African Republic (which probably didn't affect
the code) and Dem. Rep. of Congo -> Zaire -> Dem. Rep. of Congo (which
did, fortunately before Date A).

We might have another someday in Burma -> Myanmar -> Burma, since the
dissidents (I believe this is correct) object to the process by which
the (Latin-script) name of the country was changed.  We already have BU
deprecated in favor of MM; if the name is changed back and the old code
is revived, we might end up with MM deprecated in favor of BU.

-- 
                Si hoc legere scis, nimium eruditionis habes.

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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> we didn't do it in the 4646 era, why now?
>
> In the 4646 era we were busy to convince you that numbers are better 
> than bullets when talking about the details of 3.1 <g>

I suggested splitting Section 3.1 after making several on-list 
references to something being in "Section 3.1" and feeling like I was 
saying, "it's right there in 'War and Peace,' go look it up."

I like the new organization.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 09:14:46 2006
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> We might have another someday in Burma -> Myanmar -> Burma, since the 
> dissidents (I believe this is correct) object to the process by which 
> the (Latin-script) name of the country was changed.  We already have 
> BU deprecated in favor of MM; if the name is changed back and the old 
> code is revived, we might end up with MM deprecated in favor of BU.

That could only happen if we had a provision to un-deprecate a record, 
which I don't think we do.

It might not hurt to add a sentence to (what is now) Section 3.1.3.3 to 
state that deprecation is forever, assuming we want that.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 09:29:06 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Region subtag changes
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> >We might have another someday in Burma -> Myanmar -> Burma, since the 
> >dissidents (I believe this is correct) object to the process by which 
> >the (Latin-script) name of the country was changed.  We already have 
> >BU deprecated in favor of MM; if the name is changed back and the old 
> >code is revived, we might end up with MM deprecated in favor of BU.
> 
> That could only happen if we had a provision to un-deprecate a record, 
> which I don't think we do.

In that case, I guess we'd have to go for the UNSD numeric code,
namely 104.

> It might not hurt to add a sentence to (what is now) Section 3.1.3.3 to 
> state that deprecation is forever, assuming we want that.

Good idea.

-- 
John Cowan   <cowan@ccil.org>   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
One time I called in to the central system and started working on a big
thick 'sed' and 'awk' heavy duty data bashing script.  One of the geologists
came by, looked over my shoulder and said 'Oh, that happens to me too.
Try hanging up and phoning in again.'  --Beverly Erlebacher

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 09:42:34 2006
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>>> ... We already have BU deprecated in favor of MM; if the name is 
>>> changed back and the old code is revived, we might end up with MM 
>>> deprecated in favor of BU.
>>
>> That could only happen if we had a provision to un-deprecate a 
>> record, which I don't think we do.
>
> In that case, I guess we'd have to go for the UNSD numeric code, 
> namely 104.

Would we do that, or would we simply add a Description field for the new 
name?  See the "Burkina Faso" example in Section 3.4 (although that 
refers to changing a Description, something that is now discouraged).

This assumes that the entity in question remains the same, as judged by 
its UN code element, and only the name has changed.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 11:18:56 2006
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Frank,

On Sep 19, 2006, at 11:48 PM, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> That's rather important, e.g. it's not yet mentioned in a new
> <draft-narten-iana-considerations-rfc2434bis> submitted five
> days ago.  I saw no discussion about it on the XML-dir list.

To clarify, the XML-ization of IANA registries is an _internal_  
effort, primarily aimed at allowing us to simplify/automate registry  
creation and modification.  We will take what efforts we can to  
insure there is no significant change to the "legacy" registries.  We  
will _also_ publish the initial set of XML-ized registries (at  
different URLs of course) and request comments.  Assuming the initial  
forays into XML-ization are deemed acceptable, we'll publish more.   
If not (hey, it could happen), we'll not publish more (but we'll  
still use the XML registries internally).

> With Stephane's tip "Apricot" and Google I found a note from
> you in March about "eIANA", that sounded perfectly harmless,
> new Web site, new forms, faster, better, enjoy.

As Stephane indicated, eIANA is completely unrelated to the registry  
XML-ization effort.

> Google didn't
> find what you said in January, but apparently half of the IAB
> should have known that that's coming, and not a minor issue.

Actually, I believe it is a minor issue (at least from an external  
perspective).

Rgds,
-drc


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From: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2006 08:28:51 -0700
To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Frank,

On Sep 20, 2006, at 1:14 AM, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> While they're at it whois.iana.org should be integrated into
> WDPRS, there are many bogus whois servers and broken URLs in
> their data.  Or at least that was the case some months ago.

IANA has another project to replace the current whois server system  
we use.  This project will, of course, be related to the deployment  
of eIANA.  However, in the meantime, I will look into linking into  
WDPRS.

>> No relationship with the "ordinary" registry business of IANA
>
> Registry is registry, when I read "better forms" I thought it
> could be an improved version of:
>
> http://www.iana.org/protocols/forms.htm

No, that's yet another IANA project (as Stephane said in a previous  
message, we're pretty busy :-)) but it is somewhat related in the  
sense that one of the reasons for XMLization of the registries is to  
normalize how the data is represented internally so we can more  
easily automate forms for registry modification requests.

Rgds,
-drc


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 12:02:19 2006
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From: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2006 09:01:41 -0700
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Jefsey,

Lots of questions, most of which I suspect are not really related to  
ltru.  I'll answer these questions here, but I suspect there are  
better places for continued discussion on these topics.

On Sep 20, 2006, at 5:18 AM, r&d afrac wrote:
> Do you have a completion date in mind?

As I've indicated, we hope to have the first set of XML-ized  
registries available for comment around the beginning of 2007.   
Further publication will depend on input from the affected communities.

> Do you take advantage of this to make them ISO 11179 conformant?  
> Will it be organised as an ontology? Will you adopt a Dublin Core  
> approach?

If these are appropriate.  I am not an XML expert and will look to  
others to provide advice on the best way of representing IANA  
registry data externally.

> Will you include a secure update annoucement list?

I'm unsure of what you mean.  We will, in the relatively near future,  
be PGP signing IANA announcements.

> Will you include a consistency check solution for comparing two  
> versions of a registry?

Yes.

> Will you include a daily distributed status of these checks to  
> avoid millions of unnecessary down loads.

Hadn't considered it, but if this is desirable, IANA can publish  
diffs of the registry updates.

> Will you include a single IANA procedure for registry management  
> and review (mailing list, reviewer, appeals, cross registry  
> consistency, CVS).

Having a consistent approach to registry management is a goal.  How  
we manage registries internally is something that is evolving (as you  
might guess).

> Will you support a multilingual approach?

Not IANA's call.  What is contained within the vast majority of  
registries is defined by the IETF.

> Have you planned a distributed dissemination mechanism?

There have been discussions along these lines, but nothing formalized  
as yet.

> Have you planned a procedure/hooks for personal extensions?

No.

Rgds,
-drc


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 12:46:45 2006
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David Conrad scripsit:

> >Will you include a daily distributed status of these checks to
> >avoid millions of unnecessary down loads.
>
> Hadn't considered it, but if this is desirable, IANA can publish
> diffs of the registry updates.

This is indeed a valid LTRU concern, because at the end of the RFC 4646bis
process our registry will grow to about a megabyte.  We definitely don't
want to see widely distributed software hitting the iana.org server to
download it daily or even more often, given that changes will be much
more infrequent (based on history).

This list has discussed several methods of avoiding such an outcome,
from encouraging the use of the HTTP HEAD method or the If-Modified-Since
header, to a separate file containing the most recent registry file date,
to full provision of diffs.  IANA clearly has a stake in the outcome of
that conversation.

(My opinion FWIW is that a separate short file containing just the
file-date record, without full diffs, is the best and simplest proposal.)

-- 
John Cowan   cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
[R]eversing the apostolic precept to be all things to all men, I usually [before
Darwin] defended the tenability of the received doctrines, when I had to do
with the [evolution]ists; and stood up for the possibility of [evolution] among
the orthodox -- thereby, no doubt, increasing an already current, but quite
undeserved, reputation for needless combativeness.  --T. H. Huxley

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 13:53:01 2006
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From: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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John,

On Sep 20, 2006, at 9:46 AM, John Cowan wrote:
> This list has discussed several methods of avoiding such an outcome,
> from encouraging the use of the HTTP HEAD method or the If-Modified- 
> Since
> header, to a separate file containing the most recent registry file  
> date,
> to full provision of diffs.  IANA clearly has a stake in the  
> outcome of
> that conversation.
>
> (My opinion FWIW is that a separate short file containing just the
> file-date record, without full diffs, is the best and simplest  
> proposal.)

Internally, we use subversion for version control.  It would be  
relatively straight forward for us to provide an opt-in mailing list  
that broadcasts the contextual diffs of any registry update.  We can,  
of course, also look at other alternatives people might suggest.

Rgds,
-drc


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 14:11:39 2006
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From: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: zh-hakka
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2006 11:11:08 -0700
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Hi,

On Sep 19, 2006, at 9:32 PM, Doug Ewell wrote:
> IANA is not perfect.

Indeed.  We apologize for any errors that might have cropped up  
during IANA processing of registry modification requests and we'd be  
very interested in working with interested parties in improving our  
processes such that those errors aren't repeated (this is one of the  
reasons why we're doing the internal XMLization -- it enables simpler  
automation the registry modifications).

> In the next few weeks, or months or something, ISO 3166/MA will  
> decide on new alpha-2 code elements for Serbia and for Montenegro,  
> now that they have agreed to break up.  I don't have any inside  
> knowledge on what the code elements will be, but two widely  
> reported possibilities are SP and ME, so let's assume that for now.

Actually, I believe they're planning on proposing RS for Serbia...

Rgds,
-drc


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 14:18:30 2006
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David Conrad scripsit:

> Internally, we use subversion for version control.  It would be  
> relatively straight forward for us to provide an opt-in mailing list  
> that broadcasts the contextual diffs of any registry update.  We can,  
> of course, also look at other alternatives people might suggest.

That would be useful for someone like Doug (except that he's the Official
Doug of ietf-languages, and already knows what the changes will be),
whose langtag-picking program has a version of the registry compiled in.

But if I write a picker or validator that does *not* have a compiled-in
registry, I would want something more scalable than downloading the whole
registry every time the program starts up.  If the current File-Date: is
provided as a separate IANA resource, I can instead cache the registry
locally and then compare the cached File-Date: with the current one,
and then download a new instance of the registry only if it has changed.
That's equivalent to using the HTTP HEAD method, but easier to do
using higher-level facilities that just fetch URIs rather than providing
general HTTP capability.

Such a scheme is much easier than applying diffs sent out by you, not
to mention that I probably won't have access to the user's mail agent
to subscribe to the list or collect the diffs from it.

-- 
John Cowan   cowan@ccil.org
    "Mr. Lane, if you ever wish anything that I can do, all you will have
        to do will be to send me a telegram asking and it will be done."
    "Mr. Hearst, if you ever get a telegram from me asking you to do
        anything, you can put the telegram down as a forgery."

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 14:39:05 2006
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From: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2006 11:38:37 -0700
To: John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
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Hi,

On Sep 20, 2006, at 11:18 AM, John Cowan wrote:
> But if I write a picker or validator that does *not* have a  
> compiled-in
> registry, I would want something more scalable than downloading the  
> whole
> registry every time the program starts up.

Makes sense.

> If the current File-Date: is
> provided as a separate IANA resource, I can instead cache the registry
> locally and then compare the cached File-Date: with the current one,
> and then download a new instance of the registry only if it has  
> changed.

The implication of this is that the entire registry would need to be  
fetched, right?  Given I'm told the registry under discussion is a  
bit on the large-ish size, this might be somewhat problematic.  Can  
you give me an idea of the anticipated scale of the number of  
applications that will be wanting to fetch this registry?

I'm curious: is there a way the registry could be broken down in a  
hierarchical fashion such that only the sub-trees or leaves that  
change would need to be downloaded?  Obviously I'm a newcomer to this  
list and ignorant of previous discussions so apologies if this has  
been discussed to death previously...

Rgds,
-drc




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On Wed, Sep 20, 2006 at 11:38:37AM -0700,
 David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org> wrote 
 a message of 39 lines which said:

> Can you give me an idea of the anticipated scale of the number of
> applications that will be wanting to fetch this registry?

Do note that RFC 4646 clearly mentions that access to the registry is
*not* necessary for successful parsing of language tags. Indeed, the
RFC authors take great pain to ensure that tags could be checked
offline, without a copy of the registry.
 
[Side note: what JFC Morfin wrote about my parser is completely
false.]

> I'm curious: is there a way the registry could be broken down in a
> hierarchical fashion such that only the sub-trees or leaves that
> change would need to be downloaded?

The issue of performance is a complex one because there are many
possible solutions (Web caches like Squid being an obvious
one). Distributions by redistributors, and local storage, like it is
currently done with XML schemas, to avoid killing the W3C Web servers,
is another one.

I do not think there is *one* approach to this problem.

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David Conrad wrote:

> I'm curious: is there a way the registry could be broken down 
> in a hierarchical fashion such that only the sub-trees or 
> leaves that change would need to be downloaded?  Obviously 
> I'm a newcomer to this list and ignorant of previous 
> discussions so apologies if this has been discussed to death 
> previously...

I think this could be a very good idea and should be investigated. However,
one way to do this is to update the registry but to create "Newsletter" type
pages with any additions (bit like they do for ISO 3166-1).  The
WatchThisPage function could then be utilised.  Those code elements included
in the Newsletters could then be appended to the local registry file, thus
negating the need to download the whole registry again.  This would work in
database terms but only for NEW registry items, not changes to existing code
elements. I cannot say how this would work with bespoke applications.

I am sure Doug can give us the statistics for New Items and Change Items in
the past 12 months!  Doug?

I think John's idea of publishing the "Registry Last Updated" date is a good
one too.   

Both suggestions would encourage less downloads of the whole Registry file.

Best regards

Debbie Garside 


> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Conrad [mailto:david.conrad@icann.org] 
> Sent: 20 September 2006 19:39
> To: John Cowan
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
> 
> Hi,
> 
> On Sep 20, 2006, at 11:18 AM, John Cowan wrote:
> > But if I write a picker or validator that does *not* have a 
> > compiled-in registry, I would want something more scalable than 
> > downloading the whole registry every time the program starts up.
> 
> Makes sense.
> 
> > If the current File-Date: is
> > provided as a separate IANA resource, I can instead cache 
> the registry 
> > locally and then compare the cached File-Date: with the 
> current one, 
> > and then download a new instance of the registry only if it has 
> > changed.
> 
> The implication of this is that the entire registry would 
> need to be fetched, right?  Given I'm told the registry under 
> discussion is a bit on the large-ish size, this might be 
> somewhat problematic.  Can you give me an idea of the 
> anticipated scale of the number of applications that will be 
> wanting to fetch this registry?
> 
> I'm curious: is there a way the registry could be broken down 
> in a hierarchical fashion such that only the sub-trees or 
> leaves that change would need to be downloaded?  Obviously 
> I'm a newcomer to this list and ignorant of previous 
> discussions so apologies if this has been discussed to death 
> previously...
> 
> Rgds,
> -drc
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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David Conrad scripsit:

> The implication of this is that the entire registry would need to be  
> fetched, right?  Given I'm told the registry under discussion is a  
> bit on the large-ish size, this might be somewhat problematic.    

The idea is to fetch the registry only when it changes, and
looking over the history of the registry and its predecessor,
it has only changed three times a year on average.

> Can you give me an idea of the anticipated scale of the number of  
> applications that will be wanting to fetch this registry?

It's not the number of applications, it's the number of *instances*
of those applications that is at stake, and that's unforeseeable
right now.

> I'm curious: is there a way the registry could be broken down in a  
> hierarchical fashion such that only the sub-trees or leaves that  
> change would need to be downloaded?  Obviously I'm a newcomer to this  
> list and ignorant of previous discussions so apologies if this has  
> been discussed to death previously...

Not really.  There are six kinds of entries in the registry (language,
region, script, variant, grandfathered, redundant), but a change is
equally likely in any of them.  In any case, most people will only need
a few of the registry's entries, but it will be unpredictable which few.

-- 
Principles.  You can't say A is         John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
made of B or vice versa.  All mass      http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
is interaction.  --Richard Feynman

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On Wed, Sep 20, 2006 at 11:11:08AM -0700,
 David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org> wrote 
 a message of 28 lines which said:

> We apologize for any errors that might have cropped up during IANA
> processing of registry modification requests and we'd be very
> interested in working with interested parties in improving our
> processes such that those errors aren't repeated (this is one of the
> reasons why we're doing the internal XMLization -- it enables
> simpler automation the registry modifications).

Automatically testing the registry to catch syntax errors or
inconsistencies is so obvious that I'm surprised it is not done yet
:-} It's the equivalent of integrity rules in DBMS.

To do it, there are several possibilities: using XML + a schema
language like RelaxNG + a rule language like Schematron is certainly a
possible way. Using a custom program is possible, too. Does anyone
have one for LTRU (I might write it myself otherwise)?

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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> Do note that RFC 4646 clearly mentions that access to the registry is
> *not* necessary for successful parsing of language tags. Indeed, the
> RFC authors take great pain to ensure that tags could be checked
> offline, without a copy of the registry.

Parsing is indeed possible without the registry: with a very small
amount of embedded permanent knowledge, an RFC 4646 language tag
can be decomposed into language, script, region, variant, extension,
and private-use subtags, or else identified as a grandfathered tag
that cannot be decomposed.

However, selecting language tags or determining their validity
(as opposed to well-formedness) requires a copy of the registry.

> The issue of performance is a complex one because there are many
> possible solutions (Web caches like Squid being an obvious
> one). Distributions by redistributors, and local storage, like it is
> currently done with XML schemas, to avoid killing the W3C Web servers,
> is another one.

We've already heard, however, that a large portion of the load on
those same W3C servers is from validating parsers that are unnecessarily
fetching DTDs for common XML document types like XHTML.

> I do not think there is *one* approach to this problem.

+1


-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
Female celebrity stalker, on a hot morning in Cairo:
"Imagine, Colonel Lawrence, ninety-two already!"
El Auruns's reply:  "Many happy returns of the day!"

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Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2006 13:28:45 -0700
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>,
	David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
From: Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com>
Subject: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
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At 10:04 PM +0200 9/20/06, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
>On Wed, Sep 20, 2006 at 11:38:37AM -0700,
> David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org> wrote
> a message of 39 lines which said:
>
>> Can you give me an idea of the anticipated scale of the number of
>> applications that will be wanting to fetch this registry?
>
>Do note that RFC 4646 clearly mentions that access to the registry is
>*not* necessary for successful parsing of language tags. Indeed, the
>RFC authors take great pain to ensure that tags could be checked
>offline, without a copy of the registry.
> 

I've just been having a side discussion on this topic, so let me
be sure I'm clear about this.  There are two types of check:  for
well-formedness and for validity.  For well-formedness, you do need access to
the list of grandfathered tags, since they are part of the check
in 2.2.9 of 4646:
 

>  An implementation that claims to check for well-formed language tags
>   MUST:
>
>   o  Check that the tag and all of its subtags, including extension and
>      private use subtags, conform to the ABNF or that the tag is on the
>      list of grandfathered tags.
<snip>

Validity is associated with registry date for which the implementation
performs validity checks, and access to a copy of the registry for
that date is needed:

   An implementation that claims to be validating MUST:

    * Check that the tag is well-formed.

   o  Specify the particular registry date for which the implementation
      performs validation of subtags.

   o  Check that either the tag is a grandfathered tag, or that all
      language, script, region, and variant subtags consist of valid
      codes for use in language tags according to the IANA registry as
      of the particular date specified by the implementation.

  o  Specify which, if any, extension RFCs as defined in Section 3.7
      are supported, including version, revision, and date.

   o  For any such extensions supported, check that all subtags used in
      that extension are valid.

   o  For variant and extended language subtags, if the registry
      contains one or more 'Prefix' fields for that subtag, check that
      the tag matches at least one prefix.  The tag matches if all the
      subtags in the 'Prefix' also appear in the tag.  For example, the
      prefix "es-CO" matches the tag "es-Latn-CO-x-private" because both
      the 'es' language subtag and 'CO' region subtag appear in the tag.

<snip>

The documents statement on accessibility of the registry is:

>Although the specification of valid subtags for an extension (see
>   Section 3.7) MUST be available over the Internet, implementations
>   SHOULD NOT mechanically depend on it being always accessible, to
>   prevent denial-of-service attacks.

All present and correct?

			Ted




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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
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Ted Hardie scripsit:

> All present and correct?

Yes.  In RFC 4646bis, we expect all these things to be maintained;
however, the registry will become much larger (~ 1MB), so any
performance-related issues will bite all the harder.

-- 
Verbogeny is one of the pleasurettes    John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
of a creatific thinkerizer.             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
   -- Peter da Silva

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John Cowan wrote:
> 
> However, selecting language tags or determining their validity
> (as opposed to well-formedness) requires a copy of the registry.
> 

One small nit: selecting language tags does not necessarily require a 
copy of the registry. Most implementations I'm aware of just have a list 
of common (valid) tags for the user to choose from or perform 
rudimentary well-formedness checks on user input. Validating these 
requires a registry copy, of course.

> 
>> I do not think there is *one* approach to this problem.
> 
> +1
> 

+1

Addison

-- 
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Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 20 18:11:33 2006
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Hi,

Diffs (actual line-by-line comparisons) aren't really useful.
But an update file that contains _whole_records_ for subtags 
either modified or new would be sufficient, when combined with 
John's good idea for a separate file-date-version HTTP resource.

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, September 20, 2006 5:50 PM
> To: John Cowan
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
> 
> 
> 
> 
> John Cowan wrote:
> > 
> > However, selecting language tags or determining their validity
> > (as opposed to well-formedness) requires a copy of the registry.
> > 
> 
> One small nit: selecting language tags does not necessarily require a 
> copy of the registry. Most implementations I'm aware of just 
> have a list 
> of common (valid) tags for the user to choose from or perform 
> rudimentary well-formedness checks on user input. Validating these 
> requires a registry copy, of course.
> 
> > 
> >> I do not think there is *one* approach to this problem.
> > 
> > +1
> > 
> 
> +1
> 
> Addison
> 
> -- 
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> 
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> Using a custom program is possible, too. Does anyone
> have one for LTRU (I might write it myself otherwise)?

Doug has one (I think), and I've a REXX script for the
4646 format (= no extlang), mainly to create a table of
Suppress-Scripts, but also doing case-insensitive XREFs,
and listing the known "deprecated before added" cases.

I plan to improve the DTD-based ID + IDREF(S) check to
use a format that might also work for Debbie's purpose,
apparently that needs your "elements for everything"
approach (<added>, <subtag>, <tag>)

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> "it's right there in 'War and Peace,' go look it up."

One of the reasons why I think that attempts to get rid
of the hilarious "page numbers" in RFCs are premature,
rfcmarkup creates #page-1 etc. fragments as last resort.

Frank



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David Conrad wrote:

> I'm curious: is there a way the registry could be broken down
> in a hierarchical fashion such that only the sub-trees or
> leaves that change would need to be downloaded?

It has "records" (roughly reflecting a registration template)
of different "types" (language, script, region, etc.), and
while RFC 4646 allows you to organize it in any way you like,
it does reqire an organization "by type".

So you can sort say languages in any way that makes sense for
you, e.g. chronologically (by "added"), or alphabetically (by
"subtag"), or in the input order (by subtag length and then
alphabetically within the same length) as provided by Doug.

Breaking it up "by type" is logical, but doesn't help much,
most records are languages.  We could remove the requirement
to organize it by type in 4646bis.  Then you'd be free to
organize it alphabetically [0..9A..Za..z] (case-sensitive).

Unfortunately that (also) won't help much for "what's new"
queries, it would only allow faster access on given subtags
for users without clue about the various types.

The idea (so far) is that you organize it as required, and
that third parties offer the various interesting "views" on
the complete data.

Frank






  Obviously I'm a newcomer to this
> list and ignorant of previous discussions so apologies if this has
> been discussed to death previously...
>
> Rgds,
> -drc



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David Conrad <david dot conrad at icann dot org> wrote:

>> IANA is not perfect.
>
> Indeed.  We apologize for any errors that might have cropped up during 
> IANA processing of registry modification requests and we'd be very 
> interested in working with interested parties in improving our 
> processes such that those errors aren't repeated (this is one of the 
> reasons why we're doing the internal XMLization -- it enables simpler 
> automation the registry modifications).

No problem.  I'm sure you won't mind some extra pairs of eyes to help 
maintain a high standard of quality.  (BTW, the new 2006-09-20 version 
of the Registry looks great.)

>> In the next few weeks, or months or something, ISO 3166/MA will 
>> decide on new alpha-2 code elements for Serbia and for Montenegro, 
>> now that they have agreed to break up.  I don't have any inside 
>> knowledge on what the code elements will be, but two widely reported 
>> possibilities are SP and ME, so let's assume that for now.
>
> Actually, I believe they're planning on proposing RS for Serbia...

I know the Serbian government proposed RS (for "Republic of Serbia"), 
and I've heard alternatively that ISO (a) supports it or (b) opposes it 
because of their policy against using words like "Republic" to make the 
code element.  I guess we won't know for sure until the formal 
announcement.  In any case, I was just using it for illustration.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Debbie Garside <debbie at ictmarketing dot co dot uk> wrote:

> I am sure Doug can give us the statistics for New Items and Change 
> Items in the past 12 months!  Doug?

Since the initial rollout of the Language Subtag Registry dated 
2005-10-16, there have been 8 updates (including one just today, on 
2006-09-20), for an average of one update every 8 weeks.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> Automatically testing the registry to catch syntax errors or 
> inconsistencies is so obvious that I'm surprised it is not done yet 
> :-} It's the equivalent of integrity rules in DBMS.

I do have a program that does this, but it is a private hack that would 
need serious cleaning-up before I could distribute it and still sleep 
nights.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> Breaking it up "by type" is logical, but doesn't help much, most 
> records are languages.  We could remove the requirement to organize it 
> by type in 4646bis.  Then you'd be free to organize it alphabetically 
> [0..9A..Za..z] (case-sensitive).

I can't speak for anyone else, but it helps me quite a bit that the 
records are grouped by type.  I'd be opposed to changing this.  In fact, 
I'd want to go the other way, tighting up Section 5.1 to require subtags 
to be in alphabetical order, and further splitting the "language" 
subtags into 2-letter and 3-letter subgroups and putting "anp" and "frr" 
back in the 3-letter subgroup.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:

> the new 2006-09-20 version of the Registry looks great.

validator.w3.org agrees with that:
http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fxyzzy.webhop.info%2Fhome%2Fltru%2Flstreg9.xml

Ignore the US-ASCII blurb, my other provider would send the
missing charset=us-ascii parameter for Content-Type: text/xml

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> it helps me quite a bit that the records are grouped by type.

For users who have no clue what is what a purely alphabetical
view could be interesting.  I don't care how it's sorted (of
course it must be type because 4646 says so).

> tighting up Section 5.1 to require subtags to be in
> alphabetical order, and further splitting the "language"
> subtags into 2-letter and 3-letter subgroups and putting
> "anp" and "frr" back in the 3-letter subgroup.

That's what I dubbed "input order" in another message.  We
would need four subgroups: two / three / four letters, and
five to eight letters.  The last two empty at the moment.

Frank



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At 01:46 06/09/21, John Cowan wrote:

>(My opinion FWIW is that a separate short file containing just the
>file-date record, without full diffs, is the best and simplest proposal.)

My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
(I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 01:46 06/09/21, John Cowan wrote:

>(My opinion FWIW is that a separate short file containing just the
>file-date record, without full diffs, is the best and simplest proposal.)

My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
(I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 01:46 06/09/21, John Cowan wrote:

>(My opinion FWIW is that a separate short file containing just the
>file-date record, without full diffs, is the best and simplest proposal.)

My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
(I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 05:55:42 2006
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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
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Hello David,

At 00:18 06/09/21, David Conrad wrote:

>To clarify, the XML-ization of IANA registries is an _internal_  
>effort, primarily aimed at allowing us to simplify/automate registry  
>creation and modification.  We will take what efforts we can to  
>insure there is no significant change to the "legacy" registries.  We  
>will _also_ publish the initial set of XML-ized registries (at  
>different URLs of course) and request comments.  Assuming the initial  
>forays into XML-ization are deemed acceptable, we'll publish more.   
>If not (hey, it could happen), we'll not publish more (but we'll  
>still use the XML registries internally).

Many thanks for this clarification, and also for helping with the
discussions concerning the size of our new registry and possible
consequences of this size.

The main reason that you got contacted was that to some extent,
we were considering to move from what could be called a 'home-brewn'
format to something XML-based. One argument for it was that there
was a rumor that IANA would be moving to XML, which you now have
confirmed.

Given that above, you describe the purpose of XML as mainly internal,
I'm wondering whether, in your/IANAs view, an XML format defined by
a WG would be:

a) desirable (e.g. less work for IANA; helpful external input,...)
b) irrelevant (the WG can do what they want, we'll do what we need,...)
c) harmful (we'll have to re-do it anyway; it would confuse people,...)

Regards,     Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 05:55:42 2006
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Hello David,

At 00:18 06/09/21, David Conrad wrote:

>To clarify, the XML-ization of IANA registries is an _internal_  
>effort, primarily aimed at allowing us to simplify/automate registry  
>creation and modification.  We will take what efforts we can to  
>insure there is no significant change to the "legacy" registries.  We  
>will _also_ publish the initial set of XML-ized registries (at  
>different URLs of course) and request comments.  Assuming the initial  
>forays into XML-ization are deemed acceptable, we'll publish more.   
>If not (hey, it could happen), we'll not publish more (but we'll  
>still use the XML registries internally).

Many thanks for this clarification, and also for helping with the
discussions concerning the size of our new registry and possible
consequences of this size.

The main reason that you got contacted was that to some extent,
we were considering to move from what could be called a 'home-brewn'
format to something XML-based. One argument for it was that there
was a rumor that IANA would be moving to XML, which you now have
confirmed.

Given that above, you describe the purpose of XML as mainly internal,
I'm wondering whether, in your/IANAs view, an XML format defined by
a WG would be:

a) desirable (e.g. less work for IANA; helpful external input,...)
b) irrelevant (the WG can do what they want, we'll do what we need,...)
c) harmful (we'll have to re-do it anyway; it would confuse people,...)

Regards,     Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 05:55:42 2006
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Hello David,

At 00:18 06/09/21, David Conrad wrote:

>To clarify, the XML-ization of IANA registries is an _internal_  
>effort, primarily aimed at allowing us to simplify/automate registry  
>creation and modification.  We will take what efforts we can to  
>insure there is no significant change to the "legacy" registries.  We  
>will _also_ publish the initial set of XML-ized registries (at  
>different URLs of course) and request comments.  Assuming the initial  
>forays into XML-ization are deemed acceptable, we'll publish more.   
>If not (hey, it could happen), we'll not publish more (but we'll  
>still use the XML registries internally).

Many thanks for this clarification, and also for helping with the
discussions concerning the size of our new registry and possible
consequences of this size.

The main reason that you got contacted was that to some extent,
we were considering to move from what could be called a 'home-brewn'
format to something XML-based. One argument for it was that there
was a rumor that IANA would be moving to XML, which you now have
confirmed.

Given that above, you describe the purpose of XML as mainly internal,
I'm wondering whether, in your/IANAs view, an XML format defined by
a WG would be:

a) desirable (e.g. less work for IANA; helpful external input,...)
b) irrelevant (the WG can do what they want, we'll do what we need,...)
c) harmful (we'll have to re-do it anyway; it would confuse people,...)

Regards,     Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
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Hello David,

At 02:52 06/09/21, David Conrad wrote:

>Internally, we use subversion for version control.  It would be  
>relatively straight forward for us to provide an opt-in mailing list  
>that broadcasts the contextual diffs of any registry update.  We can,  
>of course, also look at other alternatives people might suggest.

If you use subversion internally already, the best way to allow
differential updates would be to make subversion available publicly.
I understand that it would have to be considered carefully,
but it's really the protocol designed for the job.

Also, as an alternative to mail broadcasts, I'd suggest using
Atom (RFC 4287).

Regards,     Martin.




#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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Hello David,

At 02:52 06/09/21, David Conrad wrote:

>Internally, we use subversion for version control.  It would be  
>relatively straight forward for us to provide an opt-in mailing list  
>that broadcasts the contextual diffs of any registry update.  We can,  
>of course, also look at other alternatives people might suggest.

If you use subversion internally already, the best way to allow
differential updates would be to make subversion available publicly.
I understand that it would have to be considered carefully,
but it's really the protocol designed for the job.

Also, as an alternative to mail broadcasts, I'd suggest using
Atom (RFC 4287).

Regards,     Martin.




#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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To: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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Hello David,

At 02:52 06/09/21, David Conrad wrote:

>Internally, we use subversion for version control.  It would be  
>relatively straight forward for us to provide an opt-in mailing list  
>that broadcasts the contextual diffs of any registry update.  We can,  
>of course, also look at other alternatives people might suggest.

If you use subversion internally already, the best way to allow
differential updates would be to make subversion available publicly.
I understand that it would have to be considered carefully,
but it's really the protocol designed for the job.

Also, as an alternative to mail broadcasts, I'd suggest using
Atom (RFC 4287).

Regards,     Martin.




#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 09:23:34 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> Since the initial rollout of the Language Subtag Registry dated 
>> 2005-10-16, there have been 8 updates (including one just today, on 
>> 2006-09-20), for an average of one update every 8 weeks.
>
> However, there are only 31 distinct "Added:" dates in the whole 
> registry going back to 1995, which is really what counts from the 
> frequency-of-updates point of view.  Even if we add thousands of items 
> at once, that's *one* update.

I was answering Debbie's specific question about the past 12 months.  I 
agree that this period has been unusually busy, with the increased 
attention on language tags spurred by the development and release of RFC 
4646, and that this rate of change probably won't continue indefinitely 
(though my crystal ball works poorly at 6:20 am).

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 09:30:13 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
> because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
> mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
> Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
> I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
> (I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).

Well, except for the last we already have those things; there's
nothing to do (ergo nothing to discuss).  The question for
discussion is, what else if anything should we do?

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
And now here I was, in a country where a right to say how the country should
be governed was restricted to six persons in each thousand of its population.
For the nine hundred and ninety-four to express dissatisfaction with the
regnant system and propose to change it, would have made the whole six
shudder as one man, it would have been so disloyal, so dishonorable, such
putrid black treason.  --Mark Twain's Connecticut Yankee

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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
> because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
> mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
> Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
> I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
> (I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).

Well, except for the last we already have those things; there's
nothing to do (ergo nothing to discuss).  The question for
discussion is, what else if anything should we do?

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
And now here I was, in a country where a right to say how the country should
be governed was restricted to six persons in each thousand of its population.
For the nine hundred and ninety-four to express dissatisfaction with the
regnant system and propose to change it, would have made the whole six
shudder as one man, it would have been so disloyal, so dishonorable, such
putrid black treason.  --Mark Twain's Connecticut Yankee

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To: Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Since the initial rollout of the Language Subtag Registry dated 
> 2005-10-16, there have been 8 updates (including one just today, on 
> 2006-09-20), for an average of one update every 8 weeks.

However, there are only 31 distinct "Added:" dates in the whole registry
going back to 1995, which is really what counts from the frequency-of-
updates point of view.  Even if we add thousands of items at once,
that's *one* update.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Heckler: "Go on, Al, tell 'em all you know.  It won't take long."
Al Smith: "I'll tell 'em all we *both* know.  It won't take any longer."

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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Since the initial rollout of the Language Subtag Registry dated 
> 2005-10-16, there have been 8 updates (including one just today, on 
> 2006-09-20), for an average of one update every 8 weeks.

However, there are only 31 distinct "Added:" dates in the whole registry
going back to 1995, which is really what counts from the frequency-of-
updates point of view.  Even if we add thousands of items at once,
that's *one* update.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Heckler: "Go on, Al, tell 'em all you know.  It won't take long."
Al Smith: "I'll tell 'em all we *both* know.  It won't take any longer."

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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> I can't speak for anyone else, but it helps me quite a bit that the 
> records are grouped by type.  I'd be opposed to changing this.  In fact, 
> I'd want to go the other way, tighting up Section 5.1 to require subtags 
> to be in alphabetical order, and further splitting the "language" 
> subtags into 2-letter and 3-letter subgroups and putting "anp" and "frr" 
> back in the 3-letter subgroup.

I'd be opposed to any more strictures on ordering; by its nature,
record-jar is supposed to carry all relevant information in the
tags and not "care" about the order of records.  A megabyte isn't
very big these days: there's no reason not to read it into a
data structure of your choice and sort it however you want.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
        Sound change operates regularly to produce irregularities;
        analogy operates irregularly to produce regularities.
                --E.H. Sturtevant, ca. 1945, probably at Yale

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 09:58:10 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> I'd be opposed to any more strictures on ordering; by its nature, 
> record-jar is supposed to carry all relevant information in the tags 
> and not "care" about the order of records.  A megabyte isn't very big 
> these days: there's no reason not to read it into a data structure of 
> your choice and sort it however you want.

It helps my eyeballs, not my programs.  I have to re-sort the Registry 
by description anyway when I build my cooked version.

I won't pursue this sorting issue, but I will put all the new 
639-3-based subtags in alpha order.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 10:29:03 2006
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> If you use subversion internally already, the best way to allow 
> differential updates would be to make subversion available publicly.

If they use subversion, wouldn't that be subversive?

Sorry, I'll leave now.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug,

On Sep 20, 2006, at 10:20 PM, Doug Ewell wrote:
> I'm sure you won't mind some extra pairs of eyes to help maintain a  
> high standard of quality.

Not at all.  On the contrary, the more the merrier...

Rgds,
-drc


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David Conran wrote:

> >> possibilities are SP and ME, so let's assume that for now.

Frank wrote:
> >
> > Actually, I believe they're planning on proposing RS for Serbia...
> 

Doug wrote:

> I know the Serbian government proposed RS (for "Republic of 
> Serbia"), and I've heard alternatively that ISO (a) supports 
> it or (b) opposes it because of their policy against using 
> words like "Republic" to make the code element.  I guess we 
> won't know for sure until the formal announcement.  In any 
> case, I was just using it for illustration.


Unofficial Country Code Info:

 RS/SRB for Serbia
 ME/MNE for Montenegro

I would expect a newsletter to be published within the next 4-5 weeks
displaying the official results.  I don't expect there to be any changes but
it isn't official until the voting is over and the Newsletter published!  

Best regards

Debbie

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Doug Ewell [mailto:dewell@adelphia.net] 
> Sent: 21 September 2006 06:20
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Cc: Frank Ellermann
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: zh-hakka
> 
> David Conrad <david dot conrad at icann dot org> wrote:
> 
> >> IANA is not perfect.
> >
> > Indeed.  We apologize for any errors that might have 
> cropped up during 
> > IANA processing of registry modification requests and we'd be very 
> > interested in working with interested parties in improving our 
> > processes such that those errors aren't repeated (this is 
> one of the 
> > reasons why we're doing the internal XMLization -- it 
> enables simpler 
> > automation the registry modifications).
> 
> No problem.  I'm sure you won't mind some extra pairs of eyes 
> to help maintain a high standard of quality.  (BTW, the new 
> 2006-09-20 version of the Registry looks great.)
> 
> >> In the next few weeks, or months or something, ISO 3166/MA will 
> >> decide on new alpha-2 code elements for Serbia and for Montenegro, 
> >> now that they have agreed to break up.  I don't have any inside 
> >> knowledge on what the code elements will be, but two 
> widely reported 
> >> possibilities are SP and ME, so let's assume that for now.
> >
> > Actually, I believe they're planning on proposing RS for Serbia...
> 
> I know the Serbian government proposed RS (for "Republic of 
> Serbia"), and I've heard alternatively that ISO (a) supports 
> it or (b) opposes it because of their policy against using 
> words like "Republic" to make the code element.  I guess we 
> won't know for sure until the formal announcement.  In any 
> case, I was just using it for illustration.
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 19:21:56 2006
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From: David Conrad <david.conrad@icann.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: IANA XML registries
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 16:21:40 -0700
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Martin,

On Sep 21, 2006, at 2:54 AM, Martin Duerst wrote:
> Given that above, you describe the purpose of XML as mainly internal,
> I'm wondering whether, in your/IANAs view, an XML format defined by
> a WG would be:
>
> a) desirable (e.g. less work for IANA; helpful external input,...)
> b) irrelevant (the WG can do what they want, we'll do what we  
> need,...)
> c) harmful (we'll have to re-do it anyway; it would confuse  
> people,...)

I'd say "a".  I'm all in favor of less work for IANA... :-)

More seriously, as far as I'm aware, there is no real specification  
on how registries must be created, so if a WG decides to go to the  
trouble to define a registry using XML (and it doesn't break anything  
at IANA), we'd probably just use that definition.

However, I should note that the registry XMLization project is  
something done by IANA primarily for IANA and has neither been  
requested (to my knowledge) nor reviewed by the IESG or IAB.  We will  
be providing access to the XML registries, but if the IETF community  
decides we should publish registries in some other fashion, we'd have  
to translate the work you all (and we) did.  Not that I think that  
would happen...

Rgds,
-drc


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Dear LTRU WG,

We have earlier discussed whether we should move to XML or not
for the registry. One unknown in these discussions was what
was (or wasn't) going on at IANA.

Thanks to David's help, we now have a much better idea of
what IANA is up to. Given that information, I'd like us to
make a firm decision on whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis
soon. Please (re)state your preference.

Regards,    Martin.

At 08:21 06/09/22, David Conrad wrote:
>Martin,
>
>On Sep 21, 2006, at 2:54 AM, Martin Duerst wrote:
>> Given that above, you describe the purpose of XML as mainly internal,
>> I'm wondering whether, in your/IANAs view, an XML format defined by
>> a WG would be:
>>
>> a) desirable (e.g. less work for IANA; helpful external input,...)
>> b) irrelevant (the WG can do what they want, we'll do what we  
>> need,...)
>> c) harmful (we'll have to re-do it anyway; it would confuse  
>> people,...)
>
>I'd say "a".  I'm all in favor of less work for IANA... :-)
>
>More seriously, as far as I'm aware, there is no real specification  
>on how registries must be created, so if a WG decides to go to the  
>trouble to define a registry using XML (and it doesn't break anything  
>at IANA), we'd probably just use that definition.
>
>However, I should note that the registry XMLization project is  
>something done by IANA primarily for IANA and has neither been  
>requested (to my knowledge) nor reviewed by the IESG or IAB.  We will  
>be providing access to the XML registries, but if the IETF community  
>decides we should publish registries in some other fashion, we'd have  
>to translate the work you all (and we) did.  Not that I think that  
>would happen...
>
>Rgds,
>-drc
>


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 23:23:20 2006
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Debbie Garside scripsit:

>  RS/SRB for Serbia

Well, let's hope that Republika Srpska (currently part of Bosnia)
never becomes a separate country.

-- 
Real FORTRAN programmers can program FORTRAN    John Cowan
in any language.  --Allen Brown                 cowan@ccil.org

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 21 23:32:24 2006
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My preference:

-1 to XML

While I think XML would have been a better choice 'ab initio', changing 
the file format strikes me as a "no benefit" change, with plenty of 
pointless risk. Other IANA registries apparently are not as 
well-specified as ours. While I was a (if not *the*) proponent for XML 
originally, changing now will require substantial, pointless change to 
our documents.

I would support providing an additional, non-normative, copy of the 
registry using an XML format.

Addison

Martin Duerst wrote:
> Dear LTRU WG,
> 
> We have earlier discussed whether we should move to XML or not
> for the registry. One unknown in these discussions was what
> was (or wasn't) going on at IANA.
> 
> Thanks to David's help, we now have a much better idea of
> what IANA is up to. Given that information, I'd like us to
> make a firm decision on whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis
> soon. Please (re)state your preference.
> 
> Regards,    Martin.
> 
> At 08:21 06/09/22, David Conrad wrote:
>> Martin,
>>
>> On Sep 21, 2006, at 2:54 AM, Martin Duerst wrote:
>>> Given that above, you describe the purpose of XML as mainly internal,
>>> I'm wondering whether, in your/IANAs view, an XML format defined by
>>> a WG would be:
>>>
>>> a) desirable (e.g. less work for IANA; helpful external input,...)
>>> b) irrelevant (the WG can do what they want, we'll do what we  
>>> need,...)
>>> c) harmful (we'll have to re-do it anyway; it would confuse  
>>> people,...)
>> I'd say "a".  I'm all in favor of less work for IANA... :-)
>>
>> More seriously, as far as I'm aware, there is no real specification  
>> on how registries must be created, so if a WG decides to go to the  
>> trouble to define a registry using XML (and it doesn't break anything  
>> at IANA), we'd probably just use that definition.
>>
>> However, I should note that the registry XMLization project is  
>> something done by IANA primarily for IANA and has neither been  
>> requested (to my knowledge) nor reviewed by the IESG or IAB.  We will  
>> be providing access to the XML registries, but if the IETF community  
>> decides we should publish registries in some other fashion, we'd have  
>> to translate the work you all (and we) did.  Not that I think that  
>> would happen...
>>
>> Rgds,
>> -drc
>>
> 
> 
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> We have earlier discussed whether we should move to XML or not for the 
> registry. One unknown in these discussions was what was (or wasn't) 
> going on at IANA.
>
> Thanks to David's help, we now have a much better idea of what IANA is 
> up to. Given that information, I'd like us to make a firm decision on 
> whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis soon. Please (re)state your 
> preference.

My preference is:

0

That is to say, neither +1 nor -1.  I see advantages and disadvantages 
to either sticking with record-jar or switching to XML.  I'm happy to 
let the rest of the group decide one way or the other, and I'll build 
RFC 4645bis accordingly.

(It should go without saying that switching to any format OTHER than XML 
would be a colossal mistake.)

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: To XML or not to XML
From: "Felix Sasaki" <fsasaki@w3.org>
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> Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:
>
>> We have earlier discussed whether we should move to XML or not for the
>> registry. One unknown in these discussions was what was (or wasn't)
>> going on at IANA.
>>
>> Thanks to David's help, we now have a much better idea of what IANA is
>> up to. Given that information, I'd like us to make a firm decision on
>> whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis soon. Please (re)state your
>> preference.
>
> My preference is:
>
> 0
>
> That is to say, neither +1 nor -1.  I see advantages and disadvantages
> to either sticking with record-jar or switching to XML.

Addison proposed "-1 to XML", while also stating that he would be fine
with a *non-normative* XML representation. My impression is that your "0"
is not incompatible to Addisons view - am I right?

> I'm happy to
> let the rest of the group decide one way or the other, and I'll build
> RFC 4645bis accordingly.

I agree with Addisons proposal and also hope that the group adopts *one*
non-normative XML format. Otherwise different people outside this group
might just go ahead and create multiple XML representations for the same
purpose.

Felix

>
> (It should go without saying that switching to any format OTHER than XM=
L
> would be a colossal mistake.)
>
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



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On Fri, Sep 22, 2006 at 12:17:10PM +0900,
 Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote 
 a message of 55 lines which said:

> Given that information, I'd like us to make a firm decision on
> whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis soon. Please (re)state your
> preference.

My humble vote goes to XML for the following reasons (in order of
*decreasing* strength):

* in the long term (registries last a long time), XML is a safe bet,

* XML makes easy to produce tools to process and *check* the registry,
  thanks to schema languages like RelaxNG or Schematron,

* there are a lot of tools, libraries, editors, etc for XML, for every
  programming language and every licence,

* there are a lot of experience, knowledge and documentation for XML,

* it is better to stay in synch with IANA.

PS: the way the survey is casted is strange. People should be
requested to state a preference to a specific technology (XML, JSON,
YAML, record-jar, CSV) not just "XML or not" because "not XML" would
leave a lot of things to discuss.

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From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
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On Thu, Sep 21, 2006 at 08:32:12PM -0700,
 Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote 
 a message of 83 lines which said:

> Other IANA registries apparently are not as well-specified as ours.

Since it seems a criticism, I want to emphasize what Frank Ellermann
already said: most other registries do not have to be
well-specified. They are extremely simple, with mostly just pairs
"attribute: value". They do not have structured values with integrity
constraints.

That's one of the reasons why nobody (to my limited knowledge) before
LTRU had the issue.



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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 21, 2006 at 08:32:12PM -0700,
>  Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote 
>  a message of 83 lines which said:
> 
>> Other IANA registries apparently are not as well-specified as ours.
> 
> Since it seems a criticism, I want to emphasize what Frank Ellermann

That isn't really my point: I don't mean it as a criticism. I just mean 
to point out that IANA is free to change the formats of other 
registries, as it is NOT free to do with LTRU.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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On Fri, Sep 22, 2006 at 03:52:05PM +0900,
 Felix Sasaki <fsasaki@w3.org> wrote 
 a message of 57 lines which said:

> I agree with Addisons proposal and also hope that the group adopts
> *one* non-normative XML format. Otherwise different people outside
> this group might just go ahead and create multiple XML
> representations for the same purpose.

+1

Two proposals have been made and discussed.

http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05566.html
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05604.html

Opinions are welcome about:

* Schema language to use (Frank used DTD, I used RelaxNG),
* "elements or attributes", the old XML thread :-)
* names for the elements: follow the RFC or not?

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> On Fri, Sep 22, 2006 at 03:52:05PM +0900,
>  Felix Sasaki <fsasaki@w3.org> wrote
>  a message of 57 lines which said:
>
>> I agree with Addisons proposal and also hope that the group adopts
>> *one* non-normative XML format. Otherwise different people outside
>> this group might just go ahead and create multiple XML
>> representations for the same purpose.
>
> +1
>
> Two proposals have been made and discussed.
>
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05566.html
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg05604.html
>
> Opinions are welcome about:
>
> * Schema language to use (Frank used DTD, I used RelaxNG),
I would prefer either RELAX NG, since you can generate XML DTD / XML
Schema out of it easliy.

> * "elements or attributes", the old XML thread :-)
I would follow the comments from Martin in the thread on this list.
> * names for the elements: follow the RFC or not?

For further discussion on the topic, I would propose:
1) to wait until further comments come in or at least our co-chairs revie=
w
the discussion and see if the +1 above is really the way to go, and
2) to consider if we really want to use the bandwith of this group for th=
e
discussion, since it would be a non-normative representation. To avoid
getting on many people nerves, it might be better to create the
representation with only the really interested parties. Of course, the
group should look at and endorse the result.

Felix



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At 16:12 06/09/22, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

>PS: the way the survey is casted is strange. People should be
>requested to state a preference to a specific technology (XML, JSON,
>YAML, record-jar, CSV) not just "XML or not" because "not XML" would
>leave a lot of things to discuss.

To clarify:
- The survey is "Switch to XML or stay with record-jar"
  Details, including use of schema language, character encoding,
  and so on are left for later discussion. Other formats haven't
  been seriously proposed in this round, so I do not see the point
  of including them in this survey. Of course, if anybody wants
  to seriously propose a switch to something like JSON or YAML,
  they can do that separately (better sooner than later).
- The survey is about the one official and normative format.
  This does neither include nor exclude additional non-normative
  formats.

Hope this helps,     Martin. 


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 22:09 06/09/21, John Cowan wrote:
>Martin Duerst scripsit:
>
>> My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
>> because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
>> mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
>> Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
>> I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
>> (I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).
>
>Well, except for the last we already have those things; there's
>nothing to do (ergo nothing to discuss).  The question for
>discussion is, what else if anything should we do?

Setting up a file that contains only the date of the last
change may need as much of an instruction to IANA as setting
up a compressed version that can be content negotiated or
a version that can be downloaded incrementally. HEAD and
If-Modified-Since should indeed come for free with a decent
Web server.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 01:14 06/09/20, Addison Phillips wrote:
>To address the various comments on the length of Section 3.1, I have created an experimental version of draft-01 and posted it on my website.

[chair hat off] Thanks, great.

>I split the section into three sections: File Format, Record Definitions, and Field Requirements. That last is split up by field type. Some text rearrangement was necessary to make this work and a little bit of editing was done. The last section needs an introductory paragraph (yes, Martin, yes, I know :-) ) and a bit more tugging is necessary.

To avoid the problems with four levels that Frank mentioned,
one possibility is to flatten the current fields section
(3.1.3) into a third-level section for each Field type.

>However... I think it important to get a consensus that such a massive edit is called for (just to split the darned thing up a bit). I *personally* feel that this is something that should be left alone: we didn't do it in the 4646 era, why now?

We always gain new insights and get smarter, or so we hope.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Martin Duerst wrote:

> Please (re)state your preference.

NCRs => record-jar, UTF-8 => less clear record-jar, I didn't
look at the proposed charset feature for record-jar so far.

Frank




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Doug Ewell wrote:

> If they use subversion, wouldn't that be subversive?
> Sorry, I'll leave now.

<g>  I left yesterday for tasks like adding port 3960
svn to etc/services.  That's another "registry" where
using XML would be overkill.  Subversion uses CRAM-MD5,
I'm delighted (less so about their svn+x URI schemes)

Frank



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Felix Sasaki <fsasaki at w3 dot org> wrote:

> Addison proposed "-1 to XML", while also stating that he would be fine 
> with a *non-normative* XML representation. My impression is that your 
> "0" is not incompatible to Addisons view - am I right?

Correct.

> I agree with Addisons proposal and also hope that the group adopts 
> *one* non-normative XML format. Otherwise different people outside 
> this group might just go ahead and create multiple XML representations 
> for the same purpose.

If it's "non-normative," we can't really do anything about that, right?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> Opinions are welcome about:
> ...
> * names for the elements: follow the RFC or not?

Definitely use the same names we use in the record-jar version. 
Choosing new names would be arbitrary and confusing.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> * Schema language to use (Frank used DTD, I used RelaxNG)

The DTD is relevant for tools wanting this.  Otherwise it
is no problem to have both, or is it ?

> * "elements or attributes", the old XML thread :-)

Elements mostly, minus some additional xml:id / ref magic
for checking XREFs.  That results in <added>, <subtag>,
<tag>, and replacing a few EMPTY by PCDATA.

> * names for the elements: follow the RFC or not?

As needed, the only interesting case is Preferred-Value
as child of <deprecated>.  We could get away with mixed
content (?)

That's from my POV a fun project, if it does everything
we want (W3C validator + import into MS database + maybe
use by IANA) it's fine.

Frank




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Debbie Garside wrote:
 
> Frank wrote:
>>> Actually, I believe they're planning on proposing RS for >>> Serbia...

s/Frank/David/

> Unofficial Country Code Info:
>  RS/SRB for Serbia
>  ME/MNE for Montenegro
> I would expect a newsletter to be published within the next
> 4-5 weeks displaying the official results.  I don't expect
> there to be any changes but it isn't official

Thanks for info, I got to update my rxwhois client for this.

Frank



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Date: Fri, 22 Sep 2006 21:27:59 +0900 (JST)
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: To XML or not to XML
From: "Felix Sasaki" <fsasaki@w3.org>
To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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> Felix Sasaki <fsasaki at w3 dot org> wrote:
>
>> Addison proposed "-1 to XML", while also stating that he would be fine
>> with a *non-normative* XML representation. My impression is that your
>> "0" is not incompatible to Addisons view - am I right?
>
> Correct.
>
>> I agree with Addisons proposal and also hope that the group adopts
>> *one* non-normative XML format. Otherwise different people outside
>> this group might just go ahead and create multiple XML representations
>> for the same purpose.
>
> If it's "non-normative," we can't really do anything about that, right?

IMO
1) "normative" means "this is the format you MUST / SHOULD understand if
you implement this spec", whereas
2) "non-normative" means "for the ones who need it: this is just another
format we recommend".
As I said before, the purpose of 2) would be just to avoid confusion amon=
g
people who do the same thing, but without forcing everybody to go only
that path.
Anyway, since Martin wrote
"The survey is "Switch to XML or stay with record-jar"'
It seems that we don't have option 2).

Felix

>
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>
>



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On Fri, Sep 22, 2006 at 01:42:01PM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 26 lines which said:

> > * Schema language to use (Frank used DTD, I used RelaxNG)
> 
> The DTD is relevant for tools wanting this.  Otherwise it
> is no problem to have both, or is it ?

DTD and RelaxNG do not have exactly the same expressive power. Which
means it is impossible to have a DTD schema and a RelaxNG schema which
accepts and rejects exactly the same documents.

For a normative use, it is clearly a problem so we should have only
one *normative* XML schema.

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I'll be out of town until Sunday, but hope to have a first draft of 
4645bis posted to the list by Monday.

Unless there's a decision to switch formats, the first draft will 
continue to specify the same format we are currently using.  However, it 
will reference RFC 4646bis as the source of information on that format, 
and not the Eric Raymond document.

As indicated, the order of existing Registry entries (including "amp" 
and "frr") won't be changed, but the 7,000 new language subtags will be 
inserted in alpha order within the 3-letter language subtags, and the 
extlangs will be added in their own section (as required), also in alpha 
order.

Per Martin, the reference to 4645 will be informative and not normative. 
I expect the experts to fix any errors I make in that regard anyway.

I'll also add the field "Comments: replaced by ISO code xxx" for all of 
the grandfathered sign-language tags, plus sgn-CH-de, again for 
consistency with the past.

The lack of a Preferred-Value for the now-deprecated "zh-min", and the 
fact that no existing Description fields will be changed or deleted, 
will be explicitly mentioned.

If anyone has any additional comments or concerns about 4645bis, please 
send them to the list.  Again, I regret the fact that we aren't using 
the issue tracker so I can be sure of not missing anything.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> Per Martin, the reference to 4645 will be informative and not
> normative.

The question of "normative references" in an informational RFC
is kind of bogus, we can continue to discuss this for 01.   

If you post the draft to the list please add the size (6xy KB)
in the subject.

Frank



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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> DTD and RelaxNG do not have exactly the same expressive power. Which
> means it is impossible to have a DTD schema and a RelaxNG schema which
> accepts and rejects exactly the same documents.

Almost.  Within the domain of validation, a DTD may be losslessly
converted to a RELAX NG schema.  DTDs provide other things besides
validation (attribute typing and defaulting, entity definition) that
are not provided by RELAX NG.

(Just trying to remove confusion.)

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Does anybody want any flotsam? / I've gotsam.
Does anybody want any jetsam? / I can getsam.
        --Ogden Nash, No Doctors Today, Thank You

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 09:37:36 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] To XML or not to XML
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> Dear LTRU WG,

> We have earlier discussed whether we should move to XML or not
> for the registry. One unknown in these discussions was what
> was (or wasn't) going on at IANA.

> Thanks to David's help, we now have a much better idea of
> what IANA is up to. Given that information, I'd like us to
> make a firm decision on whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis
> soon. Please (re)state your preference.

+1 in favor of shifting to XML. I don't think consumption of the current format
is sufficiently widespread that changing now is going to be a problem. And as
others have pointed out, an immense array of tools are available for processing
XML, which may speed up adoption and possibly get us past a few of the
boneheaded implementation blunders that invariably seem to creep in to
implementations of newly standardized stuff.

				Ned

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Felix Sasaki <fsasaki at w3 dot org> wrote:

> IMO
> 1) "normative" means "this is the format you MUST / SHOULD understand 
> if you implement this spec", whereas
> 2) "non-normative" means "for the ones who need it: this is just 
> another format we recommend".
> As I said before, the purpose of 2) would be just to avoid confusion 
> among people who do the same thing, but without forcing everybody to 
> go only that path.

If you think people would use our non-normative XML version instead of 
rolling their own, then I believe you.

> Anyway, since Martin wrote
> "The survey is "Switch to XML or stay with record-jar"'
> It seems that we don't have option 2).

I think Martin wants to make sure we address the "switch or don't 
switch" question first, without confusing that issue with other issues.

I agree with Martin that it would be a mistake to throw the field open 
to "pick your favorite format," since we already picked a format in LTRU 
1.0.  Changing an existing format is much more expensive than creating 
one from scratch.  The only significant reason for changing it now is 
IANA's adoption of XML for internal use, a factor that does not exist 
for other formats.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 09:48:59 2006
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> If you post the draft to the list please add the size (6xy KB)
> in the subject.

Good point, I forgot to mention that.  What I was planning to do was 
post the draft to the list, MINUS the Registry contents, and provide a 
temporary URL to the contents.  No way do I want to spam the mailing 
list with 640K of data.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 09:56:53 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: To XML or not to XML
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I wrote:

> Changing an existing format is much more expensive than creating one 
> from scratch.

Better phrased as:

Changing the format of an existing database is much more expensive than 
choosing a format at the time the database is created.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
. 


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Subject: [Ltru] RE: Updated article: Two-letter or three-letter language
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That would be seriously broken.  It would encourage=20
people to violate BCP 47.

Misha


-----Original Message-----
From: Stephen Deach [mailto:sdeach@adobe.com]=20
Sent: 22 September 2006 16:05
To: Misha Wolf; Richard Ishida
Cc: www-international@w3.org
Subject: RE: Updated article: Two-letter or three-letter language codes

I would strongly recomment taht all processing applications support both
2=20
& 3 letter ISO codes. It was the only way to get some countries and some

applications (especially in business databases) simply always use the 3=20
letter coded.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 12:18:57 2006
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Doug Ewell wrote:
> Felix Sasaki <fsasaki at w3 dot org> wrote:
> 
>> IMO
>> 1) "normative" means "this is the format you MUST / SHOULD understand 
>> if you implement this spec", whereas
>> 2) "non-normative" means "for the ones who need it: this is just 
>> another format we recommend".
>> As I said before, the purpose of 2) would be just to avoid confusion 
>> among people who do the same thing, but without forcing everybody to 
>> go only that path.

In particular, I think we would need to do the following:

1. Include a new subsection describing an alternate XML version of the 
registry, maintained by IANA in sync with the main record-jar version.

2. Include in that subsection a reference to a DTD published as an 
appendix in draft-4646bis, along with a mapping from the record-jar 
format to the DTD.

Applications would then be free to choose whichever copy of the registry 
they wished, but the registration form and process would remain 
unchanged, and, if any conflict were to arise, the record-jar version of 
the registry would be authoritative.

> 
> If you think people would use our non-normative XML version instead of 
> rolling their own, then I believe you.
> 
>> Anyway, since Martin wrote
>> "The survey is "Switch to XML or stay with record-jar"'
>> It seems that we don't have option 2).
> 
> I think Martin wants to make sure we address the "switch or don't 
> switch" question first, without confusing that issue with other issues.
> 
> I agree with Martin that it would be a mistake to throw the field open 
> to "pick your favorite format," since we already picked a format in LTRU 
> 1.0.  Changing an existing format is much more expensive than creating 
> one from scratch.  The only significant reason for changing it now is 
> IANA's adoption of XML for internal use, a factor that does not exist 
> for other formats.
> 

And IANA would be free to use XML internally... it is just that they'll 
be getting record-jar formatted data from the reviewer and they'll need 
to maintain the record-jar file.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From: Lisa Dusseault <lisa@osafoundation.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
Date: Fri, 22 Sep 2006 10:34:51 -0700
To: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
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Yes, there's many ways to skin this cat, getting a registry (or any  
resource) from an HTTP server only if it has been updated.

1.  HEAD or GET (or any other method) can be used with "If-Modified- 
Since" or "If-None-Match", depending on whether the client has a  
previous Last-Modified date or an ETag.  The client might as well do  
the conditional GET as it's one request/response in either changed or  
unchanged case, and the server is instructed to do the right thing in  
returning or not returning the resource.  Using an ETag is preferred  
to using a timestamp in theory.

2.  HEAD can be used without a conditional header to find out the  
value of "Last-Modified" or the ETag.  This is not as reliable as  
using a conditional, because the client might see that a resource was  
last modified since the most recent download according to its  
understanding of the times involved.  But because the client knows  
the time of the most recent download and the server knows the last- 
modified time, there's  a possibility for clock skew, timezone errors  
etc.

3.  *IF* the server supports RFC3229, "Delta Encoding in HTTP", the  
client can make a single request for a compressed diff from the  
server if something has changed:

GET /registry.xml HTTP/1.1
Host: example.org
If-None-Match: "[value-of-last-etag]"
A-IM: gdiff, gzip

This is about the most efficient standardized thing to do for keeping  
a single large resource from an HTTP server up-to-date.  I'm not sure  
how widespread support for RFC3229 is.  Still, if the server doesn't  
support RFC3229, the request will behave just like a proper request  
designed for case 1 above.

  I don't think WebDAV adds anything for this case; WebDAV might be  
useful to keep a number of resources stored in the same collection on  
a single server, up-to-date on the client (by doing PROPFIND, asking  
for ETag values, and noting which ones had changed and required new  
downloads)

Hope this wasn't more info than y'all wanted :)

Lisa

On Sep 21, 2006, at 2:05 AM, Martin Duerst wrote:

> At 01:46 06/09/21, John Cowan wrote:
>
>> (My opinion FWIW is that a separate short file containing just the
>> file-date record, without full diffs, is the best and simplest  
>> proposal.)
>
> My personal opinion is that the HTTP mechanisms are best,
> because already widely implemented. In addition to the two
> mechanisms mentioned (HEAD, If-Modified-Since), there are also
> Etags (hash values that can be used to check for changes) and
> I seem to remember that there is also some diff mechanism
> (I guess from WebDAV, Lisa?).
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp        
> mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>


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To: Lisa Dusseault <lisa@osafoundation.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] IANA XML registries
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Lisa Dusseault scripsit:

> 1.  HEAD or GET (or any other method) can be used with "If-Modified- 
> Since" or "If-None-Match", depending on whether the client has a  
> previous Last-Modified date or an ETag.  The client might as well do  
> the conditional GET as it's one request/response in either changed or  
> unchanged case, and the server is instructed to do the right thing in  
> returning or not returning the resource.  Using an ETag is preferred  
> to using a timestamp in theory.

In this case, timestamp is probably easier, because the registry
contains a last-modified timestamp in its content.  So if you have
a copy of the registry by whatever means, you can use that to
construct a proper If-Modified-Since header.

> 2.  HEAD can be used without a conditional header to find out the  
> value of "Last-Modified" or the ETag.  This is not as reliable as  
> using a conditional, because the client might see that a resource was  
> last modified since the most recent download according to its  
> understanding of the times involved.  But because the client knows  
> the time of the most recent download and the server knows the last- 
> modified time, there's  a possibility for clock skew, timezone errors  
> etc.

Changes to the registry are separated by weeks to months, so clock
differences should not be a problem.

> [3.] This is about the most efficient standardized thing to do for keeping  
> a single large resource from an HTTP server up-to-date.  I'm not sure  
> how widespread support for RFC3229 is.  Still, if the server doesn't  
> support RFC3229, the request will behave just like a proper request  
> designed for case 1 above.

The trick here is to arrange for the client to support it.

-- 
John Cowan   cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Original line from The Warrior's Apprentice by Lois McMaster Bujold:
"Only on Barrayar would pulling a loaded needler start a stampede toward one."
English-to-Russian-to-English mangling thereof: "Only on Barrayar you risk to
lose support instead of finding it when you threat with the charged weapon."

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 17:58:04 2006
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From: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
To: 'Ned Freed' <ned.freed@mrochek.com>, Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] To XML or not to XML
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Hi,

+1 to XML as the *normative* registry format.

All - please answer Martin's question or start a new
thread - half your answers seem to have wandered off
into the unrelated swamp of XML as *informative*,
which is neither interesting nor useful.

If we do shift to XML as *normative*, then I'd urge
that we also ask IANA to continue to make available
the current record-jar format by machine-generation
from the XML format registry.

Cheers,
- Ira

PS - If we 
Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ned Freed [mailto:ned.freed@mrochek.com]
> Sent: Friday, September 22, 2006 9:32 AM
> To: Martin Duerst
> Cc: ltru@lists.ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] To XML or not to XML
> 
> 
> > Dear LTRU WG,
> 
> > We have earlier discussed whether we should move to XML or not
> > for the registry. One unknown in these discussions was what
> > was (or wasn't) going on at IANA.
> 
> > Thanks to David's help, we now have a much better idea of
> > what IANA is up to. Given that information, I'd like us to
> > make a firm decision on whether to use XML or not for RFC464xbis
> > soon. Please (re)state your preference.
> 
> +1 in favor of shifting to XML. I don't think consumption of 
> the current format
> is sufficiently widespread that changing now is going to be a 
> problem. And as
> others have pointed out, an immense array of tools are 
> available for processing
> XML, which may speed up adoption and possibly get us past a few of the
> boneheaded implementation blunders that invariably seem to creep in to
> implementations of newly standardized stuff.
> 
> 				Ned
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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Hi Ira,

> 
> +1 to XML as the *normative* registry format.
> 
> All - please answer Martin's question or start a new
> thread - half your answers seem to have wandered off
> into the unrelated swamp of XML as *informative*,
> which is neither interesting nor useful.

Whenever one has two or more versions of the same thing, it is usually a 
good idea to make one the "normative" version and the others derivative. 
That does not cast aspersions on someone's decision to use the 
derivative copy, especially if the two are carefully synchronized.

In this case, we have registration forms, a registry format, and a 
process for creating and maintaining the list of valid subtags using the 
record-jar format. Changing to XML would require that each of these 
items be examined and aligned with the new format. We will also have to 
define the document structure, and create steps for validating the 
registry, and so forth.

I have nothing against XML as a format for the registry. In fact, I 
think it was, originally, my idea. But I'm not in favor of doing a 
massive revision to RFC 4646 within weeks of its publication just so was 
can have a different file format. My suggestion (a third option) would 
avoid many of the problems above by keeping record-jar as the "official" 
format, but requiring IANA to maintain an XML copy in a particular 
format and synchronized with the "normative" source. If done properly, 
it will be indistinguishable from being a "normative reference" in its 
own right.

I note that ISO 639 keeps tables on their web sites and many of us refer 
to those when looking up items (at least, until the advent of the 
LSTR!!), even those those references are far from "normative".

In "wandering off into the unrelated swamp", I am attempting to have my 
cake and eat it too: I would like to see an XML *copy* of the registry, 
but I think it ill-timed and not an immediate requirement that we do it 
in 4646bis. I think this is a useful compromise. As described above, 
would this pose a problem for you? And if so, why?

> 
> If we do shift to XML as *normative*, then I'd urge
> that we also ask IANA to continue to make available
> the current record-jar format by machine-generation
> from the XML format registry.
> 

Isn't this precisely the converse of my proposal? The record-jar would 
be "informative" and the XML "normative" in this case...

Best Regards,

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 18:48:42 2006
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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I'm not in favor of doing a massive revision to RFC 4646
> within weeks of its publication

+1 (putting it very mildly)

> I would like to see an XML *copy* of the registry

<http://purl.net/xyzzy/home/ltru/lstreg2.xml> is a new attempt,
I've given up on "mixed content".  The XML spec. is very hard
to read with non-UTF-8 browsers.

> I think it ill-timed and not an immediate requirement that
> we do it in 4646bis.

BTW, lstreg2.xml is now 140 KB based on 80 KB in lstreg9.txt,
75% more.  For the 640 KB input I get over 1 MB, and that's a
*TILT* as discussed in the 4646 round.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 22 19:37:37 2006
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Date: Sat, 23 Sep 2006 08:37:20 +0900 (JST)
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: To XML or not to XML
From: "Felix Sasaki" <fsasaki@w3.org>
To: "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
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+1 to Addisons proposal.

Felix

>
>
> Doug Ewell wrote:
>> Felix Sasaki <fsasaki at w3 dot org> wrote:
>>
>>> IMO
>>> 1) "normative" means "this is the format you MUST / SHOULD understand
>>> if you implement this spec", whereas
>>> 2) "non-normative" means "for the ones who need it: this is just
>>> another format we recommend".
>>> As I said before, the purpose of 2) would be just to avoid confusion
>>> among people who do the same thing, but without forcing everybody to
>>> go only that path.
>
> In particular, I think we would need to do the following:
>
> 1. Include a new subsection describing an alternate XML version of the
> registry, maintained by IANA in sync with the main record-jar version.
>
> 2. Include in that subsection a reference to a DTD published as an
> appendix in draft-4646bis, along with a mapping from the record-jar
> format to the DTD.
>
> Applications would then be free to choose whichever copy of the registr=
y
> they wished, but the registration form and process would remain
> unchanged, and, if any conflict were to arise, the record-jar version o=
f
> the registry would be authoritative.
>
>>
>> If you think people would use our non-normative XML version instead of
>> rolling their own, then I believe you.
>>
>>> Anyway, since Martin wrote
>>> "The survey is "Switch to XML or stay with record-jar"'
>>> It seems that we don't have option 2).
>>
>> I think Martin wants to make sure we address the "switch or don't
>> switch" question first, without confusing that issue with other issues=
.
>>
>> I agree with Martin that it would be a mistake to throw the field open
>> to "pick your favorite format," since we already picked a format in LT=
RU
>> 1.0.  Changing an existing format is much more expensive than creating
>> one from scratch.  The only significant reason for changing it now is
>> IANA's adoption of XML for internal use, a factor that does not exist
>> for other formats.
>>
>
> And IANA would be free to use XML internally... it is just that they'll
> be getting record-jar formatted data from the reviewer and they'll need
> to maintain the record-jar file.
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



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Date: Sat, 23 Sep 2006 08:40:02 +0900 (JST)
Subject: Re: [Ltru] To XML or not to XML
From: "Felix Sasaki" <fsasaki@w3.org>
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> Hi Ira,

[snip]
>
> In "wandering off into the unrelated swamp", I am attempting to have my
> cake and eat it too: I would like to see an XML *copy* of the registry,
> but I think it ill-timed and not an immediate requirement that we do it
> in 4646bis. I think this is a useful compromise.

+1

Felix


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Doug Ewell wrote:

> What I was planning to do was post the draft to the list,
> MINUS the Registry contents, and provide a temporary URL to
> the contents.

Okay.

> No way do I want to spam the mailing list with 640K of data.

The I-D will be a world record... :-)  BTW, I propose that we
fix en-boont and en-scouse silently to "redundant" instead of
"grandfathered", the language subtag review list got that wrong.

RFC 4646 3.3 3rd paragraph says "MAY have their type converted
to 'redundant'; see item 12 in Section 3.6".  This is a typo, it
should be item 12 in section 3.4, and I think it's not optional
if new variant + prefix intentionally match a grandfathered tag.

Frank

P.S. for Addison:  please say "item 17 in Section 3.4" in 4646bis



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> 
> RFC 4646 3.3 3rd paragraph says "MAY have their type converted
> to 'redundant'; see item 12 in Section 3.6".  This is a typo, it
> should be item 12 in section 3.4, and I think it's not optional
> if new variant + prefix intentionally match a grandfathered tag.
> 

You can fault our conversion of English to RFC 2119-ese here. The 
sentence really should have said something more like:

"... might have had its type converted..."

:-)

I will correct this in draft-01.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Addison Phillips wrote:
 
> You can fault our conversion of English to RFC 2119-ese here.
> The sentence really should have said something more like:
 
> "... might have had its type converted..."
> :-)

Yes, if the new variant is unrelated the tag better stays
grandfathered.  Or let's just reserve the few pseudo-variants:
either they're registered matching the grandfathered tag, or
they're off limits.  Nobody needs gaulish if it's not related
to cel-gaulish etc.

> I will correct this in draft-01.

Thanks.  And submit that item number / section as an erratum.

While they didn't have the time to publish a trivial erratum
for 2045 submitted by the author after 20 months this doesn't
imply that this state of the rfc-editor errata is acceptable.

Frank



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Martin Duerst wrote on w3c.internationalization:

> The rule "if there is a two-letter code and a three-letter
> code, always use the two-letter code" is still very valid,
> and will continue to be valid. The IANA registry is just an
> additional way to find your language (sub)tag.

Is that so for 4646bis ?  I'm a bit lost with say oc, occ,
and oc-prv (oc is on my "missing Suppress-Script" list).

> This is basically not a change of language (sub)tags, but
> just a change in how they are made available (one stop
> shopping at IANA instead of having to check different lists).

Plus the "stable forever" feature no matter what ISO does.

Frank
--
>> http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-lang-2or3




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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> > The rule "if there is a two-letter code and a three-letter
> > code, always use the two-letter code" is still very valid,
> > and will continue to be valid. The IANA registry is just an
> > additional way to find your language (sub)tag.
> 
> Is that so for 4646bis ?

Definitely.

> I'm a bit lost with say oc, occ, and oc-prv (oc is on my "missing
> Suppress-Script" list).

'oc' is the code element for Occitan, a macrolanguage encompassing
five languages, namely Auvergnat, Gascon, Limousin, Languedocien,
and Provencal.  (The name "Provencal" is also sometimes applied to the
macrolanguage as a whole, one of the confusions to which macrolanguages
are often subject.)  It is entirely valid as a language tag in cases
when it is not necessary or desirable to be more exact.

'occ' is Occidental, an unrelated language.  'oci' is the 639-2 and
639-3 code element for Occitan, not used in IETF language tagging now or
in future.  "oc-prv" will be the 4646bis tag for the specific Provencal
language, in cases where it is important to distinguish it from Occitan
as a whole.

> Plus the "stable forever" feature no matter what ISO does.

Stable forever in the sense: once a valid subtag, always a valid subtag.
Subtags may become deprecated and replaced by other subtags; specifically,
region subtags may be deprecated as countries change their names and
ISO 3166/MA changes tags as a result.

-- 
Even the best of friends cannot                 John Cowan
attend each others' funeral.                    cowan@ccil.org
        --Kehlog Albran, The Profit             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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At 21:27 06/09/22, Felix Sasaki wrote:
>> Felix Sasaki <fsasaki at w3 dot org> wrote:

>>> I agree with Addisons proposal and also hope that the group adopts
>>> *one* non-normative XML format. Otherwise different people outside
>>> this group might just go ahead and create multiple XML representations
>>> for the same purpose.
>>
>> If it's "non-normative," we can't really do anything about that, right?
>
>IMO
>1) "normative" means "this is the format you MUST / SHOULD understand if
>you implement this spec", whereas
>2) "non-normative" means "for the ones who need it: this is just another
>format we recommend".
>As I said before, the purpose of 2) would be just to avoid confusion among
>people who do the same thing, but without forcing everybody to go only
>that path.
>Anyway, since Martin wrote
>"The survey is "Switch to XML or stay with record-jar"'
>It seems that we don't have option 2).

As a co-chair, I'm interested in getting closure on some main issues
as early as possible. The initial mail in this thread was an attempt
to decide on the *main* format, with the two options of record-jar
and XML. Depending on the outcome, this does not exclude defining XML
as a secondary format, but we should wait with that decision. Of course,
expressions of preference such as "I prefer XML, but could live with
record-jar if we also define an alternative XML format" are okay at
this stage.

Regards,   Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Exactly. Codes should be converted at the boundaries to systems that
can't handle anything else that three-letter codes. It has to be done
one way, so it can as well be done both ways.

Regards,   Martin.

At 00:07 06/09/23, Misha Wolf wrote:
>
>That would be seriously broken.  It would encourage 
>people to violate BCP 47.
>
>Misha
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Stephen Deach [mailto:sdeach@adobe.com] 
>Sent: 22 September 2006 16:05
>To: Misha Wolf; Richard Ishida
>Cc: www-international@w3.org
>Subject: RE: Updated article: Two-letter or three-letter language codes
>
>I would strongly recomment taht all processing applications support both
>2 
>& 3 letter ISO codes. It was the only way to get some countries and some
>
>applications (especially in business databases) simply always use the 3 
>letter coded.
>
>
>This email was sent to you by Reuters, the global news and information company. 
>To find out more about Reuters visit www.about.reuters.com
>
>Any views expressed in this message are those of the individual sender, 
>except where the sender specifically states them to be the views of Reuters Ltd.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Date: Sat, 23 Sep 2006 18:58:31 +0900 (JST)
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: To XML or not to XML
From: "Felix Sasaki" <fsasaki@w3.org>
To: "Martin Duerst" <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
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[snip]

>
> As a co-chair, I'm interested in getting closure on some main issues
> as early as possible. The initial mail in this thread was an attempt
> to decide on the *main* format, with the two options of record-jar
> and XML. Depending on the outcome, this does not exclude defining XML
> as a secondary format, but we should wait with that decision. Of course=
,
> expressions of preference such as "I prefer XML, but could live with
> record-jar if we also define an alternative XML format" are okay at
> this stage.

Thank you for the clarification, Martin. I would say: I prefer XML, but
think that it is not feasible to have it as a main format without major
modifications in the draft. So let's have record-jar in the draft.
For the idea of XML as a secondary format: +1.

Felix


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On Fri, Sep 22, 2006 at 09:18:30AM -0700,
 Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote 
 a message of 64 lines which said:

> 2. Include in that subsection a reference to a DTD published as an
> appendix in draft-4646bis, along with a mapping from the record-jar
> format to the DTD.

Please replace "a DTD" by "a schema". DTD is one of several possible
schema languages for XML and most XML users believe it is the worst.


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I just wanted to make sure this "shortest code" issue was considered 
carefully.
   A lot of people I've talked to about internationalization issues over 
the years simply had "assumed" that the 3-letter ISO codes superceded the 
2-letter ones, or chose to use all 3-letter codes rather than a mix of 2 & 
3 because it was easier to make it a fixed-length field.

I understand your goal is to eventually make this simpler, by eliminating 
multiple formats for each subtoken and moving to a single registry/list. As 
a general process I always try to accept ill-formed input, but emit 
corrected output (since you pretty much have to grandfather all past formats).


At 2006.09.23-11:29(+0900), Martin Duerst wrote:
>Exactly. Codes should be converted at the boundaries to systems that
>can't handle anything else that three-letter codes. It has to be done
>one way, so it can as well be done both ways.
>
>Regards,   Martin.
>
>At 00:07 06/09/23, Misha Wolf wrote:
> >
> >That would be seriously broken.  It would encourage
> >people to violate BCP 47.
> >
> >Misha
> >
> >
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: Stephen Deach [mailto:sdeach@adobe.com]
> >Sent: 22 September 2006 16:05
> >To: Misha Wolf; Richard Ishida
> >Cc: www-international@w3.org
> >Subject: RE: Updated article: Two-letter or three-letter language codes
> >
> >I would strongly recomment taht all processing applications support both
> >2
> >& 3 letter ISO codes. It was the only way to get some countries and some
> >
> >applications (especially in business databases) simply always use the 3
> >letter coded.
> >
> >
> >This email was sent to you by Reuters, the global news and information 
> company.
> >To find out more about Reuters visit www.about.reuters.com
> >
> >Any views expressed in this message are those of the individual sender,
> >except where the sender specifically states them to be the views of 
> Reuters Ltd.
>
>
>#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
>#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp


---Steve Deach
    sdeach@adobe.com 


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Hello Mark,

Many thanks for this interesting data. In my mailer, the line endings
didn't work very well, so I refomatted it (at the same time, my
mailer messed up the non-ASCII stuff, sorry).
The only three-letter code I can see is pdf, for which we can blame
Steve's company :-).

On the other hand, in the list, there are a few items (such as en-us,
pt-br) that look perfectly fine. What was wrong with them?

Regards,   Martin.

At 01:31 06/09/24, Mark Davis wrote:
>I can appreciate the goal. In the case of language tags, we've done
>some analysis here at Google, and at least in a (large) sample of web
>pages and xml documents, the three-letter codes don't account for many
>of the problem cases.

> >Total-Valid  99.62%
>Total-WellFormed       99.71%
> >Here are some examples of what we do find.
> >Ill-formed:
>(the second one has a space at the end. this also excludes x-....
>where the ... is a subtag longer than 8 -- that has a pretty high
>frequency)

>Rank   Frequency       tag

>102    0.015999%       en-us.
>122    0.010068%       en-us
>219    0.001668%       es-es-ts
>302    0.000638%       q=0.5
>304    0.000634%       undefined
>339    0.000429%       espa$B~A%9(Bol
>391    0.000325%       Indonesian
>458    0.000185%       utf-8
>464    0.000178%       pt-br
>467    0.000173%       t$B~A%9(Brk$B~A%9(Be
>481    0.000158%       portugues
>503    0.000138%       de
>518    From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Sep 24 02:04:09 2006
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Hello Mark,

Many thanks for this interesting data. In my mailer, the line endings
didn't work very well, so I refomatted it (at the same time, my
mailer messed up the non-ASCII stuff, sorry).
The only three-letter code I can see is pdf, for which we can blame
Steve's company :-).

On the other hand, in the list, there are a few items (such as en-us,
pt-br) that look perfectly fine. What was wrong with them?

Regards,   Martin.

At 01:31 06/09/24, Mark Davis wrote:
>I can appreciate the goal. In the case of language tags, we've done
>some analysis here at Google, and at least in a (large) sample of web
>pages and xml documents, the three-letter codes don't account for many
>of the problem cases.

> >Total-Valid  99.62%
>Total-WellFormed       99.71%
> >Here are some examples of what we do find.
> >Ill-formed:
>(the second one has a space at the end. this also excludes x-....
>where the ... is a subtag longer than 8 -- that has a pretty high
>frequency)

>Rank   Frequency       tag

>102    0.015999%       en-us.
>122    0.010068%       en-us
>219    0.001668%       es-es-ts
>302    0.000638%       q=0.5
>304    0.000634%       undefined
>339    0.000429%       espa$B~A%9(Bol
>391    0.000325%       Indonesian
>458    0.000185%       utf-8
>464    0.000178%       pt-br
>467    0.000173%       t$B~A%9(Brk$B~A%9(Be
>481    0.000158%       portugues
>503    0.000138%       de
>518    0.000126%       es-ES-TS
>529    0.000120%       Vietnamese
>547    0.000107%       sr-sp-latn
>549    0.000107%       e
>555    0.000102%       Language T20029 2005-05-18
>...
> 
>Well-Formed but Invalid
>88     0.024632%       en-securid
>133    0.007796%       English
>136    0.007353%       xl
>160    0.004739%       Chinese
>176    0.003235%       zs
>182    0.003062%       us
>183    0.003054%       chinese
>184    0.002891%       eses
>188    0.002497%       in
>189    0.002461%       pdf
>210    0.001827%       en-sp
>213    0.001771%       es-sp
>248    0.001150%       zh-chs
>254    0.001088%       French
>262    0.001019%       po
>276    0.000873%       sr-SP
>279    0.000865%       no-bok
>284    0.000803%       Arabic
>293    0.000733%       sr_SP
>299    0.000667%       en-en
>303    0.000637%       ua
>318    0.000570%       jp




#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 23:58 06/09/23, Stephen Deach wrote:
>I just wanted to make sure this "shortest code" issue was considered carefully.
>   A lot of people I've talked to about internationalization issues over the years simply had "assumed" that the 3-letter ISO codes superceded the 2-letter ones, or chose to use all 3-letter codes rather than a mix of 2 & 3 because it0.000126%       es-ES-TS
>529    0.000120%       Vietnamese
>547    0.000107%       sr-sp-latn
>549    0.000107%       e
>555    0.000102%       Language T20029 2005-05-18
>...
> 
>Well-Formed but Invalid
>88     0.024632%       en-securid
>133    0.007796%       English
>136    0.007353%       xl
>160    0.004739%       Chinese
>176    0.003235%       zs
>182    0.003062%       us
>183    0.003054%       chinese
>184    0.002891%       eses
>188    0.002497%       in
>189    0.002461%       pdf
>210    0.001827%       en-sp
>213    0.001771%       es-sp
>248    0.001150%       zh-chs
>254    0.001088%       French
>262    0.001019%       po
>276    0.000873%       sr-SP
>279    0.000865%       no-bok
>284    0.000803%       Arabic
>293    0.000733%       sr_SP
>299    0.000667%       en-en
>303    0.000637%       ua
>318    0.000570%       jp




#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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	Richard Ishida <ishida@w3.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
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At 23:58 06/09/23, Stephen Deach wrote:
>I just wanted to make sure this "shortest code" issue was considered carefully.
>   A lot of people I've talked to about internationalization issues over the years simply had "assumed" that the 3-letter ISO codes superceded the 2-letter ones, or chose to use all 3-letter codes rather than a mix of 2 & 3 because it was easier to make it a fixed-length field.

IETF language tags always have been variable-length.

>I understand your goal is to eventually make this simpler, by eliminating multiple formats for each subtoken and moving to a single registry/list. 

This is not a matter of future development. RFC 3066,
which sorted out this issue, has been published in January 2001.
Mark's data also seems to show that this is quite well respected.

>As a general process I always try to accept ill-formed input, but emit corrected output (since you pretty much have to grandfather all past formats).

In the case of language tags, this is a very good policy for interfaces
between other systems and the Internet protocols and formats that use
RFC 4646 language tags.

Regards,   Martin.

>At 2006.09.23-11:29(+0900), Martin Duerst wrote:
>>Exactly. Codes should be converted at the boundaries to systems that
>>can't handle anything else that three-letter codes. It has to be done
>>one way, so it can as well be done both ways.
>>
>>Regards,   Martin.
>>
>>At 00:07 06/09/23, Misha Wolf wrote:
>> >
>> >That would be seriously broken.  It would encourage
>> >people to violate BCP 47.
>> >
>> >Misha
>> >
>> >
>> >-----Original Message-----
>> >From: Stephen Deach [mailto:sdeach@adobe.com]
>> >Sent: 22 September 2006 16:05
>> >To: Misha Wolf; Richard Ishida
>> >Cc: www-international@w3.org
>> >Subject: RE: Updated article: Two-letter or three-letter language codes
>> >
>> >I would strongly recomment taht all processing applications support both
>> >2
>> >& 3 letter ISO codes. It was the only way to get some countries and some
>> >
>> >applications (especially in business databases) simply always use the 3
>> >letter coded.
>> >
>> >
>> >This email was sent to you by Reuters, the global news and information company.
>> >To find out more about Reuters visit www.about.reuters.com
>> >
>> >Any views expressed in this message are those of the individual sender,
>> >except where the sender specifically states them to be the views of Reuters Ltd.
>>
>>
>>#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
>>#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>
>---Steve Deach
>    sdeach@adobe.com 


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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 was easier to make it a fixed-length field.

IETF language tags always have been variable-length.

>I understand your goal is to eventually make this simpler, by eliminating multiple formats for each subtoken and moving to a single registry/list. 

This is not a matter of future development. RFC 3066,
which sorted out this issue, has been published in January 2001.
Mark's data also seems to show that this is quite well respected.

>As a general process I always try to accept ill-formed input, but emit corrected output (since you pretty much have to grandfather all past formats).

In the case of language tags, this is a very good policy for interfaces
between other systems and the Internet protocols and formats that use
RFC 4646 language tags.

Regards,   Martin.

>At 2006.09.23-11:29(+0900), Martin Duerst wrote:
>>Exactly. Codes should be converted at the boundaries to systems that
>>can't handle anything else that three-letter codes. It has to be done
>>one way, so it can as well be done both ways.
>>
>>Regards,   Martin.
>>
>>At 00:07 06/09/23, Misha Wolf wrote:
>> >
>> >That would be seriously broken.  It would encourage
>> >people to violate BCP 47.
>> >
>> >Misha
>> >
>> >
>> >-----Original Message-----
>> >From: Stephen Deach [mailto:sdeach@adobe.com]
>> >Sent: 22 September 2006 16:05
>> >To: Misha Wolf; Richard Ishida
>> >Cc: www-international@w3.org
>> >Subject: RE: Updated article: Two-letter or three-letter language codes
>> >
>> >I would strongly recomment taht all processing applications support both
>> >2
>> >& 3 letter ISO codes. It was the only way to get some countries and some
>> >
>> >applications (especially in business databases) simply always use the 3
>> >letter coded.
>> >
>> >
>> >This email was sent to you by Reuters, the global news and information company.
>> >To find out more about Reuters visit www.about.reuters.com
>> >
>> >Any views expressed in this message are those of the individual sender,
>> >except where the sender specifically states them to be the views of Reuters Ltd.
>>
>>
>>#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
>>#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>
>---Steve Deach
>    sdeach@adobe.com 


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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1. Details.

>On the other hand, in the list, there are a few items (such as en-us,

> >pt-br) that look perfectly fine. What was wrong with them?
>
> Capitalization.


No. (trying for equal brevity)

More completely:

102     0.015999%       en-us.
122     0.010068%       en-us

As I said in my original message, the second one has a space at the end. The
first one has a period at the end. So both are ill-formed. The same is true
of pt-br (extra space at end).

2 Correction

A correction: this is actually Accept-Language values, not documents -- we
get different results looking at documents. A very interesting point,
however, is that the errors here could be corrected if the browsers checked
for well-formedness, or at least partial well-formedness, when allowing the
user to pick his/er browser's language. That would eliminate a lot of cruft.

3. Guidance for User Agents. This raises a point we should probably have
language in 4646bis for. Here's rough text for it; I anticipate that this
will generate some discussion ;-)

When a user agent, such as a browser, allows users to enter a language tag
by typing, the results SHOULD be checked for well-formedness. If the user
agent is not regularly updated to the latest registry, it SHOULD NOT require
validity, because that could exclude current, valid language tags. It is
recommended, however, that the user be notified that the language tag may
not be valid.

4. Basic Well-Formedness. We may also want to have the notion of basic
well-formedness, which that part of validity which can be checked with a
regular expression. The difference is that basic well-formedness doesn't
check for multiple singleton extensions. The value of doing this is that (a)
it covers 99.999...% of the value of a well-formedness check, and (b) it is
a much easier sell to implementers that all they need is a simple regex
check.

Mark

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1. Details.<br><br>&gt;On the other hand, in the list, there are a few items (such as en-us,<br><div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
&gt;pt-br) that look perfectly fine. What was wrong with them?<br><br>Capitalization.</blockquote><div><br>No. (trying for equal brevity)<br><br>More completely:<br><br>102 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.015999% &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; en-us.<br>122 &nbsp; &nbsp; 0.010068% &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; en-us
<br><br>As I said in my original message, the second one has a space at the end. The first one has a period at the end. So both are ill-formed. The same is true of pt-br (extra space at end).<br><br>2 Correction<br><br>A correction: this is actually Accept-Language values, not documents -- we get different results looking at documents. A very interesting point, however, is that the errors here could be corrected if the browsers checked for well-formedness, or at least partial well-formedness, when allowing the user to pick his/er browser's language. That would eliminate a lot of cruft.
<br><br>3. Guidance for User Agents. This raises a point we should probably have language in 4646bis for. Here's rough text for it; I anticipate that this will generate some discussion ;-)<br><br><div style="margin-left: 40px;">
When a user agent, such as a browser, allows users to enter a language tag by typing, the results SHOULD be checked for well-formedness. If the user agent is not regularly updated to the latest registry, it SHOULD NOT require validity, because that could exclude current, valid language tags. It is recommended, however, that the user be notified that the language tag may not be valid.
<br></div><br>4. Basic Well-Formedness. We may also want to have the notion of basic well-formedness, which that part of validity which can be checked with a regular expression. The difference is that basic well-formedness doesn't check for multiple singleton extensions. The value of doing this is that (a) it covers 
99.999...% of the value of a well-formedness check, and (b) it is a much easier sell to implementers that all they need is a simple regex check.<br></div><br>Mark<br></div><br>

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From: Misha Wolf <Misha.Wolf@reuters.com>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] To XML or not to XML
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+1 to XML as the *normative* registry format.

Misha


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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> Applications would then be free to choose whichever copy of the 
> registry they wished, but the registration form and process would 
> remain unchanged, and, if any conflict were to arise, the record-jar 
> version of the registry would be authoritative.

IMHO, ietf-languages needs to be as diligent as possible about 
preventing such conflicts from ever happening.  This is why I suggested 
that IANA forward each updated Registry to the Reviewer for AUTH48-like 
verification *before* posting it publicly.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> The I-D will be a world record... :-)  BTW, I propose that we fix 
> en-boont and en-scouse silently to "redundant" instead of 
> "grandfathered", the language subtag review list got that wrong.

Thanks for catching this.  We did forget to communicate that detail to 
IANA.  I will work with the Reviewer to make sure that gets corrected.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> Yes, if the new variant is unrelated the tag better stays 
> grandfathered.  Or let's just reserve the few pseudo-variants: either 
> they're registered matching the grandfathered tag, or they're off 
> limits.  Nobody needs gaulish if it's not related to cel-gaulish etc.

I reiterate my objection to enshrining administrative preferences like 
this in RFC 4646bis.  John has already indicated that he doesn't intend 
to pursue this course for any other grandfathered tags:

http://www.alvestrand.no/pipermail/ietf-languages/2006-August/004895.html

Somebody might decide at some point that they do need 'gaulish' as a 
macrolanguage for Cisalpine and Transalpine, and this should not be 
forbidden out of hand.  If it is never needed and nobody proposes it, no 
harm is done.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> I reiterate my objection to enshrining administrative preferences like 
> this in RFC 4646bis.  John has already indicated that he doesn't intend 
> to pursue this course for any other grandfathered tags:
> 
> http://www.alvestrand.no/pipermail/ietf-languages/2006-August/004895.html

Correct.  I only proposed 'boont' and 'scouse' because they are in
fact functioning as variant subtags and have legal syntax for
variant subtags.   Proposing them gets rid of them.  The same is
not true of any other case like 'xiang' or 'gaulish'.

> Somebody might decide at some point that they do need 'gaulish' as a 
> macrolanguage for Cisalpine and Transalpine, and this should not be 
> forbidden out of hand.  If it is never needed and nobody proposes it, no 
> harm is done.

+1

-- 
John Cowan   cowan@ccil.org  http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Most languages are dramatically underdescribed, and at least one is
dramatically overdescribed.  Still other languages are simultaneously
overdescribed and underdescribed.  Welsh pertains to the third category.
        --Alan King

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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

>> As a general process I always try to accept ill-formed input, but 
>> emit corrected output (since you pretty much have to grandfather all 
>> past formats).
>
> In the case of language tags, this is a very good policy for 
> interfaces between other systems and the Internet protocols and 
> formats that use RFC 4646 language tags.

Martin is right in the sense that a process can decide to accept "eng" 
or "English" or something else, and convert it to "en".  This is not the 
same, though, as interpreting BCP 47 (RFC 4646) as permitting "eng" or 
"English" as a valid synonym for "en".

All applications that claim conformance to BCP 47 must use the Language 
Subtag Registry as the complete catalog of non-private-use subtags. 
Thinking in terms of "2-letter ISO codes" and "3-letter ISO codes" is 
fine for applications that do not claim conformance to BCP 47.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> Somebody might decide at some point that they do need
> 'gaulish' as a macrolanguage for Cisalpine and Transalpine, 
> and this should not be forbidden out of hand.

Reserving the bogus variants has nothing to do with language
subtags.  If "macrolanguage" is defined as the first subtag in
a prefix of a registered extlang, then "gaulish" will never be
a macrolanguage, all language subtags of extlang prefixes are
limited to 2 or 3 letters.

> If it is never needed and nobody proposes it, no harm is
> done.

We've seen that the rule how grandfathered crap can mutate into
redundant tags was harmful in the latest registry.  Eliminating
that possibility by reserving the last five "pseudo-variants"
gaulish / guoyu / hakka / lobjan / xiang is attractive - if the
reservation prose is less convoluted than the existing mutation
prose.  As a mere implementation detail it's less interesting.

Frank



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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> Reserving the bogus variants has nothing to do with language
> subtags.  If "macrolanguage" is defined as the first subtag in
> a prefix of a registered extlang, then "gaulish" will never be
> a macrolanguage, all language subtags of extlang prefixes are
> limited to 2 or 3 letters.

Being a registered prefix of an extlang is a syntactic property; being a
macrolanguage is a semantic property.  A macrolanguage can be introduced
that covers two existing individual languages, but that doesn't mean we
change the tagging for the existing individual languages (as we decided
a few weeks ago).

Therefore, someone could request 'gaulish' as an IETF-registered language
subtag for the Gaulish macrolanguage in order to tag Gaulish documents
where the Cisalpine/Transalpine distinction is not important.  If we block
'gaulish' as a subtag, that can't happen even if it's useful.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
If I have not seen as far as others, it is because giants were standing
on my shoulders.
        --Hal Abelson

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On Sunday, September 24, 2006, 4:44:03 PM, Stephen wrote:

SD> At 2006.09.24-11:56(+0900), Martin Duerst wrote:
>>Hello Mark,

>>Many thanks for this interesting data. In my mailer, the line endings
>>didn't work very well, so I refomatted it (at the same time, my
>>mailer messed up the non-ASCII stuff, sorry).
>>The only three-letter code I can see is pdf, for which we can blame
>>Steve's company :-).

>>On the other hand, in the list, there are a few items (such as en-us,
>>pt-br) that look perfectly fine. What was wrong with them?

SD> Capitalization.

Capitalization is, IIRC, irrelevant.

However "en-us." and "en-us " (note trailing space and trailing period) are not correct. en-US or En-Us or any other variant therof are fine.


>> >(the second one has a space at the end. this also excludes x-....
>> >where the ... is a subtag longer than 8 -- that has a pretty high
>> >frequency)

>> >Rank   Frequency       tag

>> >102    0.015999%       en-us.
>> >122    0.010068%       en-us



-- 
 Chris Lilley                    mailto:chris@w3.org
 Interaction Domain Leader
 Co-Chair, W3C SVG Working Group
 W3C Graphics Activity Lead
 Co-Chair, W3C Hypertext CG


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On Sunday, September 24, 2006, 4:54:45 PM, Stephen wrote:

SD> The fact that "utf-8" and "pdf" (which I would call "encodings") show up in
SD> this list points out something interesting about the term "language" that
SD> should probably be emphasized in the paper/article.

I agree.

The fact that "Chinese" and "Indonesian" show up is less surprising but should also be explained as being incorrect, and the correct way for those should be given in examples.

-- 
 Chris Lilley                    mailto:chris@w3.org
 Interaction Domain Leader
 Co-Chair, W3C SVG Working Group
 W3C Graphics Activity Lead
 Co-Chair, W3C Hypertext CG


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> If it is never needed and nobody proposes it, no harm is done.
>
> We've seen that the rule how grandfathered crap can mutate into 
> redundant tags was harmful in the latest registry.  Eliminating that 
> possibility by reserving the last five "pseudo-variants" gaulish / 
> guoyu / hakka / lobjan / xiang is attractive - if the reservation 
> prose is less convoluted than the existing mutation prose.  As a mere 
> implementation detail it's less interesting.

In what way was the registration of variants 'boont' and 'scouse' 
harmful?  What or who was harmed?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> What or who was harmed?

The integrity of the registry until it's fixed.  But it helped
me to find a bug in my XML-converter, a reference to a variant
subtag must not collide with a language subtag of length 5..8
like the hypothetical "gaulish".

Adding underscores to _all_ non-primary subtag IDs (not only
those starting with a digit) would work until 4646bis-00.  But
not for 4646bis-01, where the Preferred-Value of an extlang can
be a language.  Odd situation:

Language subtags of length 3 use the same namsepace as extlang
subtags.  Language subtags of length 5..8 do NOT use the same
namespace as variant subtags.  For case insensitive operations
they also don't use the namespaces of region or script subtags.

Apparently my registry converter needs its own minimal parser
to get this right... <sigh />



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John Cowan wrote:
 
> someone could request 'gaulish' as an IETF-registered
> language subtag

Yes, but that's no problem wrt cel-gaulish, the "reservation"
idea was about variant subtags, not language subtags.

Frank




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Subject: [Ltru] Available parsers? (Was: Test suite for language tags?
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On Fri, Aug 04, 2006 at 10:07:40PM -0700,
 Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote 
 a message of 30 lines which said:

> 2.  Five was being generous.  I know I have one and Addison has one,
> and I think Mark put one together for demonstration purposes than
> was about 98% complete, and now yours.

BTW, are any of these "language tag parsers" available to the public?
May be not as free software but at last with source to read it and
learn from it and see in what programming language they are and
discover potential interoperability problems?

Mine is here:
http://www.bortzmeyer.org/gabuzomeu-parsing-language-tags.html

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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Available parsers? (Was: Test suite for language tags?
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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> BTW, are any of these "language tag parsers" available to the public? 
> May be not as free software but at last with source to read it and 
> learn from it and see in what programming language they are and 
> discover potential interoperability problems?

I still need to wrap mine in an installer package of some sort and write 
a proper Web page about it.  It's in Visual C++ 6.0.  I haven't decided 
whether to distribute the source, but the exe will be free.

> Mine is here:
> http://www.bortzmeyer.org/gabuzomeu-parsing-language-tags.html

I'm having extreme trouble viewing that page in IE 7.0.  By reading the 
HTML source, I was able to find the URL for downloading.  I'll take a 
look at the source, though it'll be a slow process as I've never seen 
Haskell before.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> What or who was harmed?
>
> The integrity of the registry until it's fixed.

There is no restriction that a tag may not be grandfathered if it is 
syntactically eligible to be converted into a generative tag consisting 
of valid subtags, nor that the subtags may not subsequently be 
registered.

That was a difficult sentence to write, and probably to read, so let's 
try again:

The fact that 'en' is a valid subtag, and 'boont' could have been, does 
not mean there cannot be a grandfathered tag "en-boont".  Similarly, the 
fact that "en-boont" existed does not mean 'boont' could not then be 
registered, making "en-boont" redundant.

RFC 4646, Section 2.2.1, item 7:
The single character subtag 'i' is used by some grandfathered tags (see 
Section 2.2.8) such as "i-klingon" and "i-bnn". (Other grandfathered 
tags have a primary language subtag in their first position)  [Tags that 
start with a valid primary language subtag may still be grandfathered.]

Section 2.2.2:
Example: In a future revision or update of this document, the tag 
"zh-gan" (registered under RFC 3066) might become a valid 
non-grandfathered (that is, redundant) tag in which the subtag 'gan' 
might represent the Chinese dialect 'Gan'.  [Grandfathered tags may 
subsequently become redundant.]

Section 2.2.8:
Grandfathered tags contain one or more subtags that are not defined in 
the Language Subtag Registry (see Section 3). Redundant tags consist 
entirely of subtags defined above and whose independent registration is 
superseded by this document.  [Does not say the undefined subtags cannot 
later be registered.]

Section 3.3:
The grandfathered entries include those that can never be legal under 
those same provisions.  [Does not say *only* those that can never be 
legal.]

Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type converted to 
'redundant': see item 12 in Section 3.6 [recte: 3.4] for more 
information.

Section 3.4, item 12:
Stability provisions apply to grandfathered tags with this exception: 
should all of the subtags in a grandfathered tag become valid subtags in 
the IANA registry, then the field 'Type' in that record is changed from 
'grandfathered' to 'redundant'. Note that this will not affect language 
tags that match the grandfathered tag, since these tags will now match 
valid generative subtag sequences. For example, if the subtag 'gan' in 
the language tag "zh-gan" were to be registered as an extended language 
subtag, then the grandfathered tag "zh-gan" would be deprecated (but 
existing content or implementations that use "zh-gan" would remain 
valid).  [Does not say this cannot happen by registering a variant.]

Section 3.6:
Subtags proposed for registration that would cause all or part of a 
grandfathered tag to become redundant but whose meaning conflicts with 
or alters the meaning of the grandfathered tag MUST be rejected.  [Not 
the case here.]

RFC 4645, Section 2, item 8:
Tags in the [RFC3066] registry that contained one or more subtags that 
either did not match the valid registration pattern or were not 
otherwise defined by [RFC4646] were converted to corresponding records 
of type "grandfathered" in the ILSR.  These records cannot become type 
"redundant" except by revision of [RFC4646], but may have a "Deprecated" 
and "Preferred-Value" field added to them if a subsequent subtag 
assignment or combination of assignments renders the tag obsolete.

Section 2, item 11:
All remaining [RFC3066] registered tags were converted to records of 
type "grandfathered" in the ILSR.  Interested parties may use the 
registration process in [RFC4646] to attempt to register the variant 
subtags not already present in the Language Subtag Registry.  If all of 
the subtags in the original tag become fully defined by the resulting 
registrations, then the original tag is superseded.  Such tags will have 
their record changed from type "grandfathered" to type "redundant" in 
the registry.  Note that previous approval of a tag under [RFC3066] is 
not a guarantee of approval of a variant subtag under [RFC4646].  The 
existing [RFC3066] tag maintains its validity, but the original reason 
for its registration might have become obsolete.  [Describes exactly the 
present situation.]

I don't see it written anyplace that there is an integrity problem. 
There may be an implementation problem if applications make an 
unwarranted assumption, that grandfathered tags cannot consist of a 
well-formed sequence of subtags, but that is not supported by the RFCs.

> But it helped me to find a bug in my XML-converter, a reference to a 
> variant subtag must not collide with a language subtag of length 5..8 
> like the hypothetical "gaulish".

There is no namespace collision between language and variant subtags.  I 
made a misstatement earlier about somebody needing to register 'gaulish' 
as a macrolanguage; I should have said "as an umbrella term" when the 
distinction between Cisalpine and Transalpine is unimportant or it is 
unknown which language is present.  (Both have been extinct for 1,500+ 
years and the primary difference was regional, so this scenario is 
plausible.)

> Adding underscores to _all_ non-primary subtag IDs (not only those 
> starting with a digit) would work until 4646bis-00.  But not for 
> 4646bis-01, where the Preferred-Value of an extlang can be a language. 
> Odd situation:
>
> Language subtags of length 3 use the same namsepace as extlang 
> subtags.  Language subtags of length 5..8 do NOT use the same 
> namespace as variant subtags.  For case insensitive operations they 
> also don't use the namespaces of region or script subtags.

While primary and extended language subtags do occupy the same 
namespace, I'm not sure there is any reason a parser needs to care about 
this.

> Apparently my registry converter needs its own minimal parser to get 
> this right... <sigh />

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14 


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We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for
example, that the armenian tags were added.

Here is a very rough draft revision of 3.2/3.3, incorporating some ideas
that we've discussed at various times.

3.2. Language Subtag Review Board

The Language Subtag Board (LSB) consists of three Language Subtag Reviewers.
Each of the Language Subtag Reviewers.must read and thoroughly understand
all parts of BCP 47. All decisions of the LSB are by a majority vote. The
Language Subtag Board is appointed by the IESG for an indefinite term,
subject to removal or replacement at the IESG's discretion. Any instance
where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document are grounds
for dismissal by the IESG.

The Language Subtag Board moderates the ietf-languages mailing list,
responds to requests for registration, and performs the other registry
maintenance duties described in Section 3.3 (Maintenance of the
Registry)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#maintreg>.
Only the Language Subtag Board is permitted to request IANA to change,
update or add records to the Language Subtag Registry.

The performance or decisions of the Language Subtag Board MAY be appealed to
the IESG under the same rules as other IETF decisions (see [RFC2026] (Bradner,
S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3," October
1996.)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC2026>).
The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag Board,
provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions. Because of the need for
stability, however, once a change is posted to
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, it is irrevocable.
3.3. Maintenance of the Registry

Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or withdrawn
by ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language Subtag Board MUST
evaluate each change, determine whether it conflicts with existing registry
entries, and within 30 days propose a change to the registry as described in
Section 3.5.

The Language Subtag Board MUST ensure that all new subtags meet the
requirements in Section 4.1 (Choice of Language
Tag)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#choice>or
submit an appropriate alternate subtag as described in that section.
The
Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15 days to any language subtag
request form. The response MUST go both to the submitter, and to the
Language Tag Registry Mailing List. The response MUST indicate whether the
request is accepted, or not accepted. If it is not accepted, the Language
Subtag Board MUST indicate which clauses of BCP 47 would be violated by
acceptance, and which changes to the language subtag request form would make
it acceptable.

Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate corresponding
changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, having precisely the same
syntax as http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, and
notify the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. During a 15-day review
period, people have the opportunity to review the syntax of the change, and
the Language Subtag Board may make changes in response to feedback. Any such
change starts the 15-day review period anew. Once the review period has
completed, the LSB will change the File-Date and forward the entire file to
IANA for posting within 7 days. Once IANA has posted the file, IANA MUST
send a message will be sent to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List
acknowledging that.

[Move the following to a section on the form]

If a record represents a new subtag that does not currently exist in the
registry, then the message's subject line MUST include the word "INSERT". If
the record represents a change to an existing subtag, then the subject line
of the message MUST include the word "MODIFY". The message MUST contain both
the record for the subtag being inserted or modified and the new File-Date
record. Here is an example of what the body of the message might contain:

The set of redundant and grandfathered tags is permanent and stable: new
entries in this section MUST NOT be added and existing entries MUST NOT be
removed. Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type converted to
'redundant': see item 12 in Section 3.6 (Possibilities for
Registration)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#possibleReg>for
more information. The decision making process about which tags were
initially grandfathered and which were made redundant is described in
[initial-registry] (Ewell, D., Ed., "Initial Language Subtag Registry,"
June 2005.)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#initial-registry>
.

Whenever an entry is created or modified in the registry, the 'File-Date'
record at the start of the registry is updated to reflect the most recent
modification date in the [RFC3339] (Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time
on the Internet: Timestamps," July
2002.)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC3339>"full-date"
format.

Before forwarding a new registration to IANA, the Language Subtag Reviewer
MUST ensure that values in the 'Subtag' field match case according to the
description in Section 3.1 (Format of the IANA Language Subtag
Registry)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#ianaformat>.

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We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for example, that the armenian tags were added.<br><br>Here is a very rough draft revision of 3.2/3.3, incorporating some ideas that we've discussed at various times.
<br><br><h3>3.2.&nbsp;Language Subtag Review Board<br></h3>

<p>The Language Subtag Board (LSB) consists of three Language Subtag Reviewers.  Each of the Language Subtag Reviewers.must read and thoroughly understand all parts of BCP 47. All decisions of the LSB are by a majority vote. The Language Subtag Board is appointed by the IESG for an
indefinite term, subject to removal or replacement at the IESG's
discretion.   Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document are grounds for dismissal by the IESG.<br></p><p>The Language Subtag Board moderates the ietf-languages
mailing list, responds to requests for registration, and performs the
other registry maintenance duties described in <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#maintreg">Section&nbsp;3.3<span> (</span><span class="info">Maintenance of the Registry</span>
<span>)</span></a>.
Only the Language Subtag Board is permitted to request IANA to
change, update or add records to the Language Subtag Registry.</p>
<p>The performance or decisions of the Language Subtag Board MAY be
appealed to the IESG under the same rules as other IETF decisions (see <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC2026">[RFC2026]<span> (</span><span class="info">Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3," October&nbsp;1996.
</span><span>)</span></a>).
The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag Board, provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions. Because of the need for stability, however, once a change is posted to <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry">
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry</a>, it is irrevocable.<br></p><h3>3.3.&nbsp;Maintenance of the Registry</h3>

<p>Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or
withdrawn by
ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language Subtag Board MUST evaluate each
change, determine whether it conflicts with existing registry entries,
and within 30 days propose a change to the registry as described in Section 3.5.
</p><p>The Language Subtag Board MUST ensure that all new subtags meet the requirements
in <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#choice">Section&nbsp;4.1<span> (</span><span class="info">Choice of Language Tag</span><span>)</span></a>
or submit an appropriate alternate subtag as described
in that section. The Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15 days to any language subtag request form. The response MUST go both to the submitter, and to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. The response MUST indicate whether the request is accepted, or not accepted. If it is not accepted, the Language Subtag Board MUST indicate which clauses of BCP 47 would be violated by acceptance, and which changes to the language subtag request form would make it acceptable.
<br></p><p>Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate corresponding changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, having precisely the same syntax as <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry">
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry</a>, and notify the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. During a 15-day review period, people have the opportunity to review the syntax of the change, and the Language Subtag Board may make changes in response to feedback. Any such change starts the 15-day review period anew. Once the review period has completed, the LSB will change the File-Date and forward the entire file to IANA for posting within 7 days. Once IANA has posted the file, IANA MUST send a message will be sent to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List acknowledging that.
<br></p><br>[Move the following to a section on the form]<br><p>If a record represents a new subtag that does not currently exist in
the registry, then the message's subject line MUST include the word
&quot;INSERT&quot;. If the record represents a change to an existing subtag, then
the subject line of the message MUST include the word &quot;MODIFY&quot;. The
message MUST contain both the record for the subtag being inserted or
modified and the new File-Date record. Here is an example of what the
body of the message might contain:<br>
</p>
<p>The set of redundant and grandfathered tags is permanent and stable:
new entries in this section MUST NOT be added and existing entries MUST
NOT be removed. Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type
converted to 'redundant': see item 12 in <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#possibleReg">Section&nbsp;3.6<span> (</span><span class="info">Possibilities for Registration</span>
<span>)</span></a>
for more information. The decision making process about which tags were
initially grandfathered and which were made redundant is described in <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#initial-registry">[initial-registry]<span> (</span><span class="info">
Ewell, D., Ed., "Initial Language Subtag Registry," June&nbsp;2005.</span><span>)</span></a>.</p><p>Whenever an entry is created or modified in the registry, the 'File-Date' record
at the start of the registry is updated to reflect the most recent modification
date in the <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC3339">[RFC3339]<span> (</span><span class="info">Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps," July&nbsp;2002.
</span><span>)</span></a> &quot;full-date&quot; format.
</p>
<p>Before forwarding a new registration to IANA, the Language Subtag
Reviewer MUST ensure that values in the 'Subtag' field match case
according to the description in <a class="info" href="http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#ianaformat">Section&nbsp;3.1<span> (</span><span class="info">Format of the IANA Language Subtag Registry</span>
<span>)</span></a>.
</p><p>
</p>

<p>
</p>
<a name="maintreg"></a>

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_______________________________________________
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 25 13:40:57 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
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Date: Mon, 25 Sep 2006 10:40:39 -0700
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Disclaimer: I may have a conflict of interest in discussing Mark's 
proposal below, since it would likely turn my "behind the scenes" role 
into an Official Board Membership.

Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> 3.2. Language Subtag Review Board

In general, I support this proposal.  A few specific comments follow.

> Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this 
> document are grounds for dismissal by the IESG.

"Any instance"... "is"

> The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag 
> Board, provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions.

I don't understand the difference between reversing a decision and 
overturning it.  This wording is also in RFC 4646.

> Because of the need for stability, however, once a change is posted to 
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, it is 
> irrevocable.

In that case, we will *really* need the mechanism proposed below whereby 
we make the actual changes, and IANA merely posts the new file.  With 
the current system, we need to be able to correct errors.  We may still 
need a provision to correct flagrant syntactical errors, such as a 
"Type" field being omitted.

We should also have some assurance that what IANA received is the same 
as what we sent -- for instance, by providing them an MD5 as Martin 
suggested for 4645bis.

> Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or 
> withdrawn by ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language 
> Subtag Board MUST evaluate each change, determine whether it conflicts 
> with existing registry entries, and within 30 days propose a change to 
> the registry as described in Section 3.5.
> ...
> The Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15 days to any language 
> subtag request form.

I would like to see some provision for limited extension of these 30-day 
and 15-day limits, in case one or more of the Reviewers is absent or 
unavailable, preventing the two-thirds majority vote.  I can easily 
imagine a problem arising if a request is filed in early to 
mid-December.

> Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate 
> corresponding changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, 
> having precisely the same syntax as 
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, and notify 
> the Language Tag Registry Mailing List.

This should specify that this is the ietf-languages list, not the LTRU 
WG (which will not be around forever).  Also, replace "Tag" with 
"Subtag".

> During a 15-day review period, people have the opportunity to review 
> the syntax of the change, and the Language Subtag Board may make 
> changes in response to feedback. Any such change starts the 15-day 
> review period anew.

Excellent.

> Once the review period has completed, the LSB will change the 
> File-Date and forward the entire file to IANA for posting within 7 
> days.

Then I don't think it should be necessary for the registration form 
(which would now be processed solely by the LSB, not IANA) to contain a 
File-Date which will only be overridden.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Process
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Mark wrote wrt:
 
> We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for
example, that the armenian tags were added.

I am not sure that I saw the registration forms being submitted for
inclusion into the Registry... 
 
> 3.2. Language Subtag Review Board
 
In essence, I very much like it, although I have not yet looked at the
detailed wording.  However, I would propose the following change from:
 
----
> Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this 

> document are grounds for dismissal by the IESG.

-----

To 

-----

Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document
MAY be considered as grounds for dismissal by the IESG.

----

I think we need to allow for human error.  A simple human error which can be
corrected should not be grounds for dismissal unless it is truly considered
to be negligence on the part of the LSRB.
 
In response to Doug where he wrote:
 
> I would like to see some provision for limited extension of these 30-day
and 15-day limits, in case one or more of the Reviewers is absent or
unavailable, 

> preventing the two-thirds majority vote. I can easily imagine a problem
arising if a request is filed in early to mid-December.

One Reviewer can be unavailable. You would still have a majority vote; thus
only two Reviewers are ever required to action changes. However, there could
be a situation where two (or even 3) Reviewers were unavailable (unlikely I
know) but maybe some wording to say that the LSRB can advise the list of a
time extension where deemed necessary. Necessary can be defined as being
where two or more Reviewers are absent.

On another note, to protect the Registry from requests that may be made by
people with "ulterior motives" I also think it might be appropriate to state
that  x number (for instance 5) of people need to show support for additions
to the Registry that do not form part of the underlying ISO/UN standards.
But I am not completely hung up on this; although it could also encourage
people to comment more often which can only be good.

Best regards

 

Debbie Garside


  _____  

From: Mark Davis [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] 
Sent: 25 September 2006 16:50
To: LTRU Working Group
Subject: [Ltru] Process


We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for
example, that the armenian tags were added.

Here is a very rough draft revision of 3.2/3.3, incorporating some ideas
that we've discussed at various times. 



3.2. Language Subtag Review Board



The Language Subtag Board (LSB) consists of three Language Subtag Reviewers.
Each of the Language Subtag Reviewers.must read and thoroughly understand
all parts of BCP 47. All decisions of the LSB are by a majority vote. The
Language Subtag Board is appointed by the IESG for an indefinite term,
subject to removal or replacement at the IESG's discretion. Any instance
where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document are grounds
for dismissal by the IESG.


The Language Subtag Board moderates the ietf-languages mailing list,
responds to requests for registration, and performs the other registry
maintenance duties described in Section
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#maintreg>
3.3 (Maintenance of the Registry ). Only the Language Subtag Board is
permitted to request IANA to change, update or add records to the Language
Subtag Registry.

The performance or decisions of the Language Subtag Board MAY be appealed to
the IESG under the same rules as other IETF decisions (see [RFC2026]
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC2026>
(Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3," October 1996.
)). The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag
Board, provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions. Because of the
need for stability, however, once a change is posted to
http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, it is irrevocable.



3.3. Maintenance of the Registry


Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or withdrawn
by ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language Subtag Board MUST
evaluate each change, determine whether it conflicts with existing registry
entries, and within 30 days propose a change to the registry as described in
Section 3.5. 

The Language Subtag Board MUST ensure that all new subtags meet the
requirements in Section
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#choice>
4.1 (Choice of Language Tag) or submit an appropriate alternate subtag as
described in that section. The Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15
days to any language subtag request form. The response MUST go both to the
submitter, and to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. The response MUST
indicate whether the request is accepted, or not accepted. If it is not
accepted, the Language Subtag Board MUST indicate which clauses of BCP 47
would be violated by acceptance, and which changes to the language subtag
request form would make it acceptable. 


Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate corresponding
changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, having precisely the same
syntax as http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, and
notify the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. During a 15-day review
period, people have the opportunity to review the syntax of the change, and
the Language Subtag Board may make changes in response to feedback. Any such
change starts the 15-day review period anew. Once the review period has
completed, the LSB will change the File-Date and forward the entire file to
IANA for posting within 7 days. Once IANA has posted the file, IANA MUST
send a message will be sent to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List
acknowledging that. 



[Move the following to a section on the form]


If a record represents a new subtag that does not currently exist in the
registry, then the message's subject line MUST include the word "INSERT". If
the record represents a change to an existing subtag, then the subject line
of the message MUST include the word "MODIFY". The message MUST contain both
the record for the subtag being inserted or modified and the new File-Date
record. Here is an example of what the body of the message might contain:


The set of redundant and grandfathered tags is permanent and stable: new
entries in this section MUST NOT be added and existing entries MUST NOT be
removed. Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type converted to
'redundant': see item 12 in Section
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#possibleReg
>  3.6 (Possibilities for Registration ) for more information. The decision
making process about which tags were initially grandfathered and which were
made redundant is described in [initial-registry]
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#initial-reg
istry>  ( Ewell, D., Ed., "Initial Language Subtag Registry," June 2005.).

Whenever an entry is created or modified in the registry, the 'File-Date'
record at the start of the registry is updated to reflect the most recent
modification date in the [RFC3339]
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC3339>
(Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps," July
2002. ) "full-date" format. 

Before forwarding a new registration to IANA, the Language Subtag Reviewer
MUST ensure that values in the 'Subtag' field match case according to the
description in Section
<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#ianaformat>
3.1 (Format of the IANA Language Subtag Registry ). 






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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1561" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>Mark=20
wrote wrt:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>&gt;=20
<FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" color=3D#000000 size=3D3>We clearly need =
some more=20
process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for example, that the armenian =
tags=20
were added.</FONT><BR></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>I am=20
not sure that I saw the registration forms being submitted for inclusion =
into=20
the Registry... </DIV></FONT></SPAN>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006>&gt; 3.2.&nbsp;Language Subtag =
Review=20
Board</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>In=20
essence, I very much like it, although I have not yet looked at the =
detailed=20
wording.&nbsp; However, I would propose the following change=20
from:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>----</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006>
<P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; Any instance where the LSB does not follow the =
procedures=20
in this </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2>&gt; document are grounds for dismissal by the =
IESG.</FONT></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT =
size=3D2>-----</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT size=3D2>To </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT =
size=3D2>-----</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>Any=20
instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document =
MAY be=20
considered as grounds for dismissal by the IESG.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff=20
size=3D2>----</FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>I=20
think we need to allow for human error.&nbsp; A simple human error which =
can be=20
corrected should not be grounds for dismissal unless it is truly =
considered to=20
be negligence on the part of the LSRB.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>In=20
response to Doug where he wrote:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006>
<P><FONT size=3D2><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006>&gt; </SPAN>I would =
like to see=20
some provision for limited extension of these 30-day and 15-day limits, =
in case=20
one or more of the Reviewers is absent or unavailable, </FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006>&gt; =
</SPAN>preventing the=20
two-thirds majority vote. I can easily imagine a problem arising if a =
request is=20
filed in early to mid-December.</FONT></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>One=20
Reviewer can be&nbsp;unavailable. You would still have a majority vote; =
thus=20
only two&nbsp;Reviewers are ever required to action =
changes.&nbsp;However, there=20
could be a situation where two (or even 3) Reviewers were unavailable =
(unlikely=20
I know) but maybe some wording to say that the LSRB can advise the list =
of a=20
time extension where deemed necessary. Necessary can be defined as being =
where=20
two or more Reviewers are absent.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>On=20
another note, to protect the Registry from requests that may be made by =
people=20
with "ulterior motives" I also think it might be appropriate to state =
that&nbsp;=20
x number (for instance 5) of people need to show support for additions =
to the=20
Registry that do not form part of the underlying ISO/UN standards.&nbsp; =
But I=20
am not completely hung up on this; although it could also encourage =
people to=20
comment more often which can only be good.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>Best=20
regards</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
<P><SPAN class=3D371240118-25092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>Debbie=20
Garside</FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft>
  <HR tabIndex=3D-1>
  <FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2><B>From:</B> Mark Davis=20
  [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] <BR><B>Sent:</B> 25 September 2006 =

  16:50<BR><B>To:</B> LTRU Working Group<BR><B>Subject:</B> [Ltru]=20
  Process<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
  <DIV></DIV>We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't =
realize,=20
  for example, that the armenian tags were added.<BR><BR>Here is a very =
rough=20
  draft revision of 3.2/3.3, incorporating some ideas that we've =
discussed at=20
  various times. <BR><BR>
  <H3>3.2.&nbsp;Language Subtag Review Board<BR></H3>
  <P>The Language Subtag Board (LSB) consists of three Language Subtag=20
  Reviewers. Each of the Language Subtag Reviewers.must read and =
thoroughly=20
  understand all parts of BCP 47. All decisions of the LSB are by a =
majority=20
  vote. The Language Subtag Board is appointed by the IESG for an =
indefinite=20
  term, subject to removal or replacement at the IESG's discretion. Any =
instance=20
  where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document are =
grounds for=20
  dismissal by the IESG.<BR></P>
  <P>The Language Subtag Board moderates the ietf-languages mailing =
list,=20
  responds to requests for registration, and performs the other registry =

  maintenance duties described in <A class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#m=
aintreg">Section&nbsp;3.3<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo>Maintenance of the Registry</SPAN>=20
  <SPAN>)</SPAN></A>. Only the Language Subtag Board is permitted to =
request=20
  IANA to change, update or add records to the Language Subtag =
Registry.</P>
  <P>The performance or decisions of the Language Subtag Board MAY be =
appealed=20
  to the IESG under the same rules as other IETF decisions (see <A =
class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#R=
FC2026">[RFC2026]<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo>Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards =
Process --=20
  Revision 3," October&nbsp;1996. </SPAN><SPAN>)</SPAN></A>). The IESG =
can=20
  reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag Board, provide =

  guidance, or take other appropriate actions. Because of the need for=20
  stability, however, once a change is posted to <A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry">http://=
www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry</A>,=20
  it is irrevocable.<BR></P>
  <H3>3.3.&nbsp;Maintenance of the Registry</H3>
  <P>Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or=20
  withdrawn by ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language =
Subtag=20
  Board MUST evaluate each change, determine whether it conflicts with =
existing=20
  registry entries, and within 30 days propose a change to the registry =
as=20
  described in Section 3.5. </P>
  <P>The Language Subtag Board MUST ensure that all new subtags meet the =

  requirements in <A class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#c=
hoice">Section&nbsp;4.1<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo>Choice of Language =
Tag</SPAN><SPAN>)</SPAN></A> or=20
  submit an appropriate alternate subtag as described in that section. =
The=20
  Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15 days to any language =
subtag=20
  request form. The response MUST go both to the submitter, and to the =
Language=20
  Tag Registry Mailing List. The response MUST indicate whether the =
request is=20
  accepted, or not accepted. If it is not accepted, the Language Subtag =
Board=20
  MUST indicate which clauses of BCP 47 would be violated by acceptance, =
and=20
  which changes to the language subtag request form would make it =
acceptable.=20
  <BR></P>
  <P>Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate =
corresponding=20
  changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, having precisely =
the same=20
  syntax as <A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry">http://=
www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry</A>,=20
  and notify the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. During a 15-day =
review=20
  period, people have the opportunity to review the syntax of the =
change, and=20
  the Language Subtag Board may make changes in response to feedback. =
Any such=20
  change starts the 15-day review period anew. Once the review period =
has=20
  completed, the LSB will change the File-Date and forward the entire =
file to=20
  IANA for posting within 7 days. Once IANA has posted the file, IANA =
MUST send=20
  a message will be sent to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List =
acknowledging=20
  that. <BR></P><BR>[Move the following to a section on the form]<BR>
  <P>If a record represents a new subtag that does not currently exist =
in the=20
  registry, then the message's subject line MUST include the word =
"INSERT". If=20
  the record represents a change to an existing subtag, then the subject =
line of=20
  the message MUST include the word "MODIFY". The message MUST contain =
both the=20
  record for the subtag being inserted or modified and the new File-Date =
record.=20
  Here is an example of what the body of the message might =
contain:<BR></P>
  <P>The set of redundant and grandfathered tags is permanent and =
stable: new=20
  entries in this section MUST NOT be added and existing entries MUST =
NOT be=20
  removed. Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type converted =
to=20
  'redundant': see item 12 in <A class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#p=
ossibleReg">Section&nbsp;3.6<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo>Possibilities for Registration</SPAN>=20
  <SPAN>)</SPAN></A> for more information. The decision making process =
about=20
  which tags were initially grandfathered and which were made redundant =
is=20
  described in <A class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#i=
nitial-registry">[initial-registry]<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo> Ewell, D., Ed., "Initial Language Subtag =
Registry,"=20
  June&nbsp;2005.</SPAN><SPAN>)</SPAN></A>.</P>
  <P>Whenever an entry is created or modified in the registry, the =
'File-Date'=20
  record at the start of the registry is updated to reflect the most =
recent=20
  modification date in the <A class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#R=
FC3339">[RFC3339]<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo>Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on =
the=20
  Internet: Timestamps," July&nbsp;2002. </SPAN><SPAN>)</SPAN></A> =
"full-date"=20
  format. </P>
  <P>Before forwarding a new registration to IANA, the Language Subtag =
Reviewer=20
  MUST ensure that values in the 'Subtag' field match case according to =
the=20
  description in <A class=3Dinfo=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#i=
anaformat">Section&nbsp;3.1<SPAN>=20
  (</SPAN><SPAN class=3Dinfo>Format of the IANA Language Subtag =
Registry</SPAN>=20
  <SPAN>)</SPAN></A>. </P>
  <P></P>
  <P></P></BLOCKQUOTE><A name=3Dmaintreg></A></BODY></HTML>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 25 14:38:37 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Process
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> >The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag 
> >Board, provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions.
> 
> I don't understand the difference between reversing a decision and 
> overturning it.  This wording is also in RFC 4646.

I understand the technical distinction to be that when a decision
is overruled, a contrary decision is put in its place; whereas when
a decision is reversed, no decision is put in place and the question
becomes once again undecided.

-- 
You are a child of the universe no less         John Cowan
than the trees and all other acyclic            http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
graphs; you have a right to be here.            cowan@ccil.org
  --DeXiderata by Sean McGrath

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Sep 25 16:10:26 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Process
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Debbie Garside wrote:

>> We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, 
>> for example, that the armenian tags were added.
>
> I am not sure that I saw the registration forms being submitted for 
> inclusion into the Registry...

I agree that there was a process lapse here, although I contend it was a 
minor one.  I'm partially responsible for this.  On September 16 I sent 
a mail to ietf-languages noting that the 2-week review period had passed 
for all four tags and that no serious objections remained, and 
recommending that they be approved.  Michael, who was preparing for a 
meeting halfway around the world, asked me to send him the request forms 
so he could forward them to IANA, which I did.  I can't "approve" the 
requests so I didn't send an announcement to that effect, and IANA 
didn't send announcements to the list that they had updated the Registry 
(though I did receive them through Michael).

Remember that the main objections to all four of these subtags had 
originally come from Michael, who ended up approving them.

> However, I would propose the following change from:
>
> ----
>> Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this
>> document are grounds for dismissal by the IESG.
> -----
> To
> -----
> Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this 
> document MAY be considered as grounds for dismissal by the IESG.
> ----
> I think we need to allow for human error.  A simple human error which 
> can be corrected should not be grounds for dismissal unless it is 
> truly considered to be negligence on the part of the LSRB.

I agree.

> One Reviewer can be unavailable. You would still have a majority vote; 
> thus only two Reviewers are ever required to action changes. However, 
> there could be a situation where two (or even 3) Reviewers were 
> unavailable (unlikely I know) but maybe some wording to say that the 
> LSRB can advise the list of a time extension where deemed necessary. 
> Necessary can be defined as being where two or more Reviewers are 
> absent.

I would also like to see whatever Reviewers we end up with -- one, 
three, or whatever -- drop a note to the list whenever they will be 
unavailable for more than a few days.  Everyone understands the notion 
of conflicting commitments, but we need to know when delays and silence 
can be expected.  I don't propose writing this into the RFC since it 
would be almost impossible to enforce; I just think it's a good idea.

> On another note, to protect the Registry from requests that may be 
> made by people with "ulterior motives" I also think it might be 
> appropriate to state that  x number (for instance 5) of people need to 
> show support for additions to the Registry that do not form part of 
> the underlying ISO/UN standards.  But I am not completely hung up on 
> this; although it could also encourage people to comment more often 
> which can only be good.

I'm not sure how well that would work.  I know the IETF tries to steer 
toward "rough consensus" and stay away from "voting."  Additionally, 5 
or any number we could come up with would be arbitrary.  But I certainly 
agree with the principle: if only 1 or 2 ietf-languages list members out 
of 135 speak up, in favor of a proposal or against it, how much do we 
really know?

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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Doug wrote:

> > I am not sure that I saw the registration forms being submitted for 
> > inclusion into the Registry...
> 
> I agree that there was a process lapse here, although I 
> contend it was a minor one.  I'm partially responsible for 
> this.  On September 16 I sent a mail to ietf-languages noting 
> that the 2-week review period had passed for all four tags 
> and that no serious objections remained, and recommending 
> that they be approved.  Michael, who was preparing for a 
> meeting halfway around the world, asked me to send him the 
> request forms so he could forward them to IANA, which I did.  
> I can't "approve" the requests so I didn't send an 
> announcement to that effect, and IANA didn't send 
> announcements to the list that they had updated the Registry 
> (though I did receive them through Michael).
> 
> Remember that the main objections to all four of these 
> subtags had originally come from Michael, who ended up approving them.

I don't think there is any dispute that they should be registered it is just
that the list were not informed as would normally (I thought) be the case.
I think this highlights a need for refining the process as proposed by Mark.
I think the current Reviewer and his able assistant have done a fantastic
job in the past :-) 

> > One Reviewer can be unavailable. You would still have a 
> majority vote; 
> > thus only two Reviewers are ever required to action 
> changes. However, 
> > there could be a situation where two (or even 3) Reviewers were 
> > unavailable (unlikely I know) but maybe some wording to say 
> that the 
> > LSRB can advise the list of a time extension where deemed necessary.
> > Necessary can be defined as being where two or more Reviewers are 
> > absent.
> 
> I would also like to see whatever Reviewers we end up with -- 
> one, three, or whatever -- drop a note to the list whenever 
> they will be unavailable for more than a few days.  Everyone 
> understands the notion of conflicting commitments, but we 
> need to know when delays and silence can be expected.  I 
> don't propose writing this into the RFC since it would be 
> almost impossible to enforce; I just think it's a good idea.

I agree. But I think it could quite easily be written in.  

Proposed text:

---

LSRB members to inform IETF-languages of any times when they expect to be
unavailable to perform their functions in this role for a period of more
than 3 days.

---

Or some such... Am sure somebody can come up with something better... It's
been a long day with a lot of documents.


> I'm not sure how well that would work.  I know the IETF tries 
> to steer toward "rough consensus" and stay away from 
> "voting."  Additionally, 5 or any number we could come up 
> with would be arbitrary.  But I certainly agree with the 
> principle: if only 1 or 2 ietf-languages list members out of 
> 135 speak up, in favor of a proposal or against it, how much 
> do we really know?

I think what I would really like to see is list subscribers joining in.  You
quote 135.  Is that the actual number subscribed?  If so, I would estimate
only 15-20% ever comment.  I would like to see more encouragement for list
subscribers to participate... 

I would see it as part of the LSRB's duties to encourage more participation
and to inform list members/subscribers.  I would also like to see those who
are responsible for the lists Chairs/Reviewers etc including links in their
email footers to the current documents that are relevant to the working
group.  Somebody joining the list today will not have a clue what we are
talking about or where to find the documents.  Part of standardisation work
is about getting the message out there.  We can create standards to our
hearts content but if people don't know where to find them they are useless.


Best

Debbie
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell
> Fullerton, California, USA
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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Cc: Misha Wolf <Misha.Wolf@reuters.com>, ltru@ietf.org
Subject: [Ltru] Advice for software; basic well-formedness (was: Updated
 article: Two-letter or three-letter language codes)
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[I have removed www-international@w3.org because this gets more
LTRU-specific]

At 05:14 06/09/25, Mark Davis wrote:

>3. Guidance for User Agents. This raises a point we should probably have language in 4646bis for. Here's rough text for it; I anticipate that this will generate some discussion ;-)
>
>When a user agent, such as a browser, allows users to enter a language tag by typing, the results SHOULD be checked for well-formedness. If the user agent is not regularly updated to the latest registry, it SHOULD NOT require validity, because that could exclude current, valid language tags. It is recommended, however, that the user be notified that the language tag may not be valid. 

I think we already have started discussing this, and I think
some more guidance in this direction may be appropriate, but
I hope we can word it more generally, not so browser-specific.

Thinking out lound, in practical terms, what I would do would be:
- Check for well-formedness. If not well-formed, alert the user
  about as follows: "$@*&%" cannot be a language tag. Please change.
- Check for validity against a built-in list. If not valid
  against that list, ask the user, about as follows:
  I have a large list of tags and subtags (about 7000), but
  your subtag "foo" isn't in that list. For a complete, up-to-date
  list, please check IANA (address here).
  After this, the two alternatives [go ahead anyway] [change]
The reason for why the second one makes sense is that for 99.99%
and more of actual uses, even if some software doesn't have the
latest version, tags can be validated. So if the software can't
validate a tag, the chance there is a mistake is much higher
than the chance that there was an update recently.

This is also true for the current (RFC 4646, iso-639-1/2 only)
state, because in terms of occurrence, these subtags are way
more frequent than iso-639-3. In some sense, it's actually
more true for iso-639-1/2 only: iso-639-3 populates the 3-letter
code space rather densly (40%). At that density, the chance
of a typo hitting another valid code and being accepted is
getting higher.


>4. Basic Well-Formedness. We may also want to have the notion of basic well-formedness, which that part of validity which can be checked with a regular expression. The difference is that basic well-formedness doesn't check for multiple singleton extensions. The value of doing this is that (a) it covers 99.999...% of the value of a well-formedness check, and (b) it is a much easier sell to implementers that all they need is a simple regex check.

Shouldn't you say "that part of well-formedness" rather than
"that part of validity" above?
Also, I think that having three levels is a bit much. The difference
is not so big, the implementation effort also not too different
(well, it depends a lot on the language used), and implementors
are known to cut corners when they can anyway, with or without
permission in the spec. One choice would be to loosen well-formedness
a bit, but I'm not convinced yet that that's the way to go.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Debbie Garside <debbie at ictmarketing dot co dot uk> wrote:

>> Remember that the main objections to all four of these subtags had 
>> originally come from Michael, who ended up approving them.
>
> I don't think there is any dispute that they should be registered it 
> is just that the list were not informed as would normally (I thought) 
> be the case.

It would normally be the case.  I think 90% of it was that Michael was 
headed to Tokyo at the time.

> I think this highlights a need for refining the process as proposed by 
> Mark.

+1

>> I would also like to see whatever Reviewers we end up with -- one, 
>> three, or whatever -- drop a note to the list whenever they will be 
>> unavailable for more than a few days.
>
> I agree. But I think it could quite easily be written in.
>
> Proposed text:
> LSRB members to inform IETF-languages of any times when they expect to 
> be unavailable to perform their functions in this role for a period of 
> more than 3 days.

I don't disagree that it could be written in easily.  I just don't know 
how it would handled as a requirement.  Clearly it's not proof of severe 
dereliction of duty.

> I think what I would really like to see is list subscribers joining 
> in.  You quote 135.  Is that the actual number subscribed?

The list of subscribers is freely available, and it shows 115 non-digest 
members and 19 digest members.  Either I rounded it, or I can't count. 
The actual number is a bit less since some people are subscribed under 
two or more addresses.  (I'm one of them; the one "private member" is my 
work address.)

> If so, I would estimate only 15-20% ever comment.  I would like to see 
> more encouragement for list subscribers to participate...

So would I, but...

> I would see it as part of the LSRB's duties to encourage more 
> participation and to inform list members/subscribers.

I agree with the intent, and I do my best as I'm sure others do, but 
again I'm not seeing how someone could be held to that.  What guidelines 
could be used to determine how good a job someone is doing at getting 
the word out?

> I would also like to see those who are responsible for the lists 
> Chairs/Reviewers etc including links in their email footers to the 
> current documents that are relevant to the working group.  Somebody 
> joining the list today will not have a clue what we are talking about 
> or where to find the documents.  Part of standardisation work is about 
> getting the message out there.  We can create standards to our hearts 
> content but if people don't know where to find them they are useless.

Bob's your uncle:

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages


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I've spent some time today thinking about this. My thoughts:

I'm not sure that changing the format of the reviewer job from an 
individual to a group would necessarily improve the process. I think the 
problem with the reviewer job as presently constituted is that it allows 
for arbitrary and binding decisions by an individual and that it 
provides a lack of clarity during the process.

I think the process would best be improved if:

1. Requests were posted to a Web site, along with their current status 
and expiry dates for the current review period and/or process state. The 
most recent approved/rejected items should be visible as well as items 
in progress. I-D tracker is a good model here.

2. Requests should be considered as constituted. Consensus decisions 
should be made about a specific record as requested. Changes to the 
requested record should restart the consideration period. This allows 
for a more reasoned discussion with clear date points.

3. Approved items should have a grace period before being forwarded to 
IANA. This allows any disagreements with the reviewer's decision to be 
decided on the list or appealed to the IESG. Infinite delaying tactics 
must be prevented. So should "pocket vetoes" on the part of the 
reviewer. But it should be entirely clear when something is approved and 
a few days delay in case of a "bad decision" will not hurt anything.

4. Rejections must take the form of either rule violations of BCP 47 
(preventing the registration) or must be decisions about list consensus 
by the reviewer. I think the reviewer's opinion should not count for 
more than everyone else on the list's opinion. By reducing the reviewer 
to "chair of the list", we also reduce appeal inducing decisions to 
those normal to the IETF, that is: that the consensus of the list was 
flawed.

I think this last is important. When Mark and I started this adventure, 
Mark also registered some stopgap tags. These did reach list 
consensus--except for the reviewer, who had to be threatened with appeal 
(at that time unprecedented in list history) to get him to forward the 
registrations. Removing the arbitrary judgment element from the 
reviewer's job does not remove the reviewer's "bully pulpit", but it 
does make this process more reasoned.

So I find that I'm not ready quite yet to support Mark's edits as they 
sit, although I'm *highly* sympathetic to them, having observed the 
general dysfunctionality of ietf-languages of late. It should be easy, 
clear, and entirely straightforward to get a registration... and 
rejections should also be clear. If something remedial can be done to 
them, then the registrant should be clear on what that is. I think we 
can achieve that best *not* creating a review board, but rather by 
pulling the sometimes-arcane rules together more tightly and improving 
the transparency of the process.

Best Regards,

Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for
> example, that the armenian tags were added.
> 
> Here is a very rough draft revision of 3.2/3.3, incorporating some ideas
> that we've discussed at various times.
> 
> 3.2. Language Subtag Review Board
> 
> The Language Subtag Board (LSB) consists of three Language Subtag 
> Reviewers.
> Each of the Language Subtag Reviewers.must read and thoroughly understand
> all parts of BCP 47. All decisions of the LSB are by a majority vote. The
> Language Subtag Board is appointed by the IESG for an indefinite term,
> subject to removal or replacement at the IESG's discretion. Any instance
> where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document are grounds
> for dismissal by the IESG.
> 
> The Language Subtag Board moderates the ietf-languages mailing list,
> responds to requests for registration, and performs the other registry
> maintenance duties described in Section 3.3 (Maintenance of the
> Registry)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#maintreg>. 
> 
> Only the Language Subtag Board is permitted to request IANA to change,
> update or add records to the Language Subtag Registry.
> 
> The performance or decisions of the Language Subtag Board MAY be 
> appealed to
> the IESG under the same rules as other IETF decisions (see [RFC2026] 
> (Bradner,
> S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3," October
> 1996.)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC2026>). 
> 
> The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag Board,
> provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions. Because of the need 
> for
> stability, however, once a change is posted to
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, it is 
> irrevocable.
> 3.3. Maintenance of the Registry
> 
> Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or 
> withdrawn
> by ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language Subtag Board 
> MUST
> evaluate each change, determine whether it conflicts with existing registry
> entries, and within 30 days propose a change to the registry as 
> described in
> Section 3.5.
> 
> The Language Subtag Board MUST ensure that all new subtags meet the
> requirements in Section 4.1 (Choice of Language
> Tag)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#choice>or 
> 
> submit an appropriate alternate subtag as described in that section.
> The
> Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15 days to any language subtag
> request form. The response MUST go both to the submitter, and to the
> Language Tag Registry Mailing List. The response MUST indicate whether the
> request is accepted, or not accepted. If it is not accepted, the Language
> Subtag Board MUST indicate which clauses of BCP 47 would be violated by
> acceptance, and which changes to the language subtag request form would 
> make
> it acceptable.
> 
> Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate corresponding
> changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, having precisely the 
> same
> syntax as http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, and
> notify the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. During a 15-day review
> period, people have the opportunity to review the syntax of the change, and
> the Language Subtag Board may make changes in response to feedback. Any 
> such
> change starts the 15-day review period anew. Once the review period has
> completed, the LSB will change the File-Date and forward the entire file to
> IANA for posting within 7 days. Once IANA has posted the file, IANA MUST
> send a message will be sent to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List
> acknowledging that.
> 
> [Move the following to a section on the form]
> 
> If a record represents a new subtag that does not currently exist in the
> registry, then the message's subject line MUST include the word 
> "INSERT". If
> the record represents a change to an existing subtag, then the subject line
> of the message MUST include the word "MODIFY". The message MUST contain 
> both
> the record for the subtag being inserted or modified and the new File-Date
> record. Here is an example of what the body of the message might contain:
> 
> The set of redundant and grandfathered tags is permanent and stable: new
> entries in this section MUST NOT be added and existing entries MUST NOT be
> removed. Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type converted to
> 'redundant': see item 12 in Section 3.6 (Possibilities for
> Registration)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#possibleReg>for 
> 
> more information. The decision making process about which tags were
> initially grandfathered and which were made redundant is described in
> [initial-registry] (Ewell, D., Ed., "Initial Language Subtag Registry,"
> June 
> 2005.)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#initial-registry> 
> 
> .
> 
> Whenever an entry is created or modified in the registry, the 'File-Date'
> record at the start of the registry is updated to reflect the most recent
> modification date in the [RFC3339] (Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time
> on the Internet: Timestamps," July
> 2002.)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC3339>"full-date" 
> 
> format.
> 
> Before forwarding a new registration to IANA, the Language Subtag Reviewer
> MUST ensure that values in the 'Subtag' field match case according to the
> description in Section 3.1 (Format of the IANA Language Subtag
> Registry)<http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#ianaformat>. 
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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On Mon, Sep 25, 2006 at 04:28:34PM +0900,
 Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote 
 a message of 60 lines which said:

> - Check for validity against a built-in list. [...] iso-639-3
> populates the 3-letter code space rather densly (40%). At that
> density, the chance of a typo hitting another valid code and being
> accepted is getting higher.

A good thing about validity testing is that you can display the full
description, not only the 3-letter code. How about using the built-in
list to display in an human-friendly way the semantics of the tag,
before asking confirmation?

% ./display-tag man-Nkoo-GN
man-Nkoo-GN: (man: language "Mandingo", Nkoo: script  "N&#x2019;Ko", GN: region  "Guinea")

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	Latin-basedalphabet for Id?l-Ural (Qazan) Tatar (iqtel)
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 Doug wrote:

> We still have not resolved the question of how to tag 
> transliterations and transcriptions.  I pray we come up with 
> a real system, not just an ad-hoc solution for this one case.

I really think we need a discussion wrt ISO 639-6.  I have cross copied this
to the LTRU list.

Best regards

Debbie

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no 
> [mailto:ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no] On Behalf Of Doug Ewell
> Sent: 26 September 2006 06:58
> To: ietf-languages@iana.org
> Subject: Re: LANGUAGE SUBTAG REGISTRATION FORM: Variant for a 
> Latin-basedalphabet for Id?l-Ural (Qazan) Tatar (iqtel)
> 
> Reshat Sabiq <tatar dot iqtelif dot i18n at gmail dot com> wrote:
> 
> > 7. Recommended prefix(es) of subtag (for variants):
> > tt, tat
> 
> Note that the only valid primary language subtag for Tatar is 
> "tt", derived from the ISO 639-1 code element.  "tat", the 
> ISO 639-2 code element, is not valid.
> 
> We still have not resolved the question of how to tag 
> transliterations and transcriptions.  I pray we come up with 
> a real system, not just an ad-hoc solution for this one case.
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  
> UTN #14 http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ietf-languages mailing list
> Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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Doug wrote:


> > I would see it as part of the LSRB's duties to encourage more 
> > participation and to inform list members/subscribers.
> 
> I agree with the intent, and I do my best as I'm sure others 
> do, but again I'm not seeing how someone could be held to 
> that.  What guidelines could be used to determine how good a 
> job someone is doing at getting the word out?

I don't think we necessarily need to write it into the document, or, indeed,
hold anyone to account, but I think (from memory) on the occasions when
Chairs/Editors have specifically called for comments it has produced a
better response; even if the response is (just) a +/-1.  This should be
standard practice or, at the very least, encouraged as good practice for
list/WG management. 
 
> > I would also like to see those who are responsible for the lists 
> > Chairs/Reviewers etc including links in their email footers to the 
> > current documents that are relevant to the working group.  Somebody 
> > joining the list today will not have a clue what we are 
> talking about 
> > or where to find the documents.  Part of standardisation 
> work is about 
> > getting the message out there.  We can create standards to 
> our hearts 
> > content but if people don't know where to find them they 
> are useless.
> 
> Bob's your uncle:

Thank you :-)

Debbie
> 
> --
> Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  
> UTN #14 http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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[partially as a co-chair, and partially as a technical contributor]

The IETF has a tradition to keep process as low-key as possible.
It would in my understanding be the first time that more than a
simple "reviewer" is used for a simple registration.

Creating new process is very difficult; it's easy to get it wrong,
and it's easy to make it too elaborate. It's then very difficult
to make it simpler again.

I personally have my doubts that we need that much more process.
I'm also a bit concerned that the IESG will ask a lot of questions
(at least) when they see things such as "Language Subtag Review Board"
or "vote by majority",...

While a lot of people participate on ietf-languages@iana.org, and
many share an understanding of what's problematic with that list
and the review of language tags, the LTRU list is by definition a
different list. I think it would be good if somebody (Mark?) could
put together a list of the problems he sees. Once we have a better
understanding on what we agree are problems, we have a better
chance of finding the minimal, but necessary, solutions.

Regards,    Martin.

At 00:49 06/09/26, Mark Davis wrote:
>We clearly need some more process in the spec -- I didn't realize, for example, that the armenian tags were added.
>
>Here is a very rough draft revision of 3.2/3.3, incorporating some ideas that we've discussed at various times. 
>
>
>
>3.2. Language Subtag Review Board
>
>
>The Language Subtag Board (LSB) consists of three Language Subtag Reviewers. Each of the Language Subtag Reviewers.must read and thoroughly understand all parts of BCP 47. All decisions of the LSB are by a majority vote. The Language Subtag Board is appointed by the IESG for an indefinite term, subject to removal or replacement at the IESG's discretion. Any instance where the LSB does not follow the procedures in this document are grounds for dismissal by the IESG.
>
>The Language Subtag Board moderates the ietf-languages mailing list, responds to requests for registration, and performs the other registry maintenance duties described in <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#maintreg>Section 3.3 (Maintenance of the Registry ). Only the Language Subtag Board is permitted to request IANA to change, update or add records to the Language Subtag Registry.
>
>The performance or decisions of the Language Subtag Board MAY be appealed to the IESG under the same rules as other IETF decisions (see <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC2026>[RFC2026] (Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3," October 1996. )). The IESG can reverse or overturn the decision of the Language Subtag Board, provide guidance, or take other appropriate actions. Because of the need for stability, however, once a change is posted to <http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry>http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, it is irrevocable.
>
>
>3.3. Maintenance of the Registry
>
>
>
>Maintenance of the registry requires that as codes are assigned or withdrawn by ISO 639, ISO 15924, ISO 3166, and UN M.49, the Language Subtag Board MUST evaluate each change, determine whether it conflicts with existing registry entries, and within 30 days propose a change to the registry as described in Section 3.5. 
>
>The Language Subtag Board MUST ensure that all new subtags meet the requirements in <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#choice>Section 4.1 (Choice of Language Tag) or submit an appropriate alternate subtag as described in that section. The Language Subtag Board MUST respond within 15 days to any language subtag request form. The response MUST go both to the submitter, and to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. The response MUST indicate whether the request is accepted, or not accepted. If it is not accepted, the Language Subtag Board MUST indicate which clauses of BCP 47 would be violated by acceptance, and which changes to the language subtag request form would make it acceptable. 
>
>Upon acceptance, the Language Subtag Board MUST incorporate corresponding changes into a public Draft Language Tag Registry, having precisely the same syntax as <http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry>http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry, and notify the Language Tag Registry Mailing List. During a 15-day review period, people have the opportunity to review the syntax of the change, and the Language Subtag Board may make changes in response to feedback. Any such change starts the 15-day review period anew. Once the review period has completed, the LSB will change the File-Date and forward the entire file to IANA for posting within 7 days. Once IANA has posted the file, IANA MUST send a message will be sent to the Language Tag Registry Mailing List acknowledging that. 
>
>[Move the following to a section on the form]
>
>If a record represents a new subtag that does not currently exist in the registry, then the message's subject line MUST include the word "INSERT". If the record represents a change to an existing subtag, then the subject line of the message MUST include the word "MODIFY". The message MUST contain both the record for the subtag being inserted or modified and the new File-Date record. Here is an example of what the body of the message might contain:
>
>The set of redundant and grandfathered tags is permanent and stable: new entries in this section MUST NOT be added and existing entries MUST NOT be removed. Records of type 'grandfathered' MAY have their type converted to 'redundant': see item 12 in <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#possibleReg>Section 3.6 (Possibilities for Registration ) for more information. The decision making process about which tags were initially grandfathered and which were made redundant is described in <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#initial-registry>[initial-registry] ( Ewell, D., Ed., "Initial Language Subtag Registry," June 2005.).
>
>Whenever an entry is created or modified in the registry, the 'File-Date' record at the start of the registry is updated to reflect the most recent modification date in the <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#RFC3339>[RFC3339] (Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps," July 2002. ) "full-date" format. 
>
>Before forwarding a new registration to IANA, the Language Subtag Reviewer MUST ensure that values in the 'Subtag' field match case according to the description in <http://www.inter-locale.com/ID/draft-ietf-ltru-registry-14.html#ianaformat>Section 3.1 (Format of the IANA Language Subtag Registry ). 
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> I think this highlights a need for refining the process as
>> proposed by Mark.

> +1

Let's just allow more time for the decision.  It's nobody's
business if the reviewer is away for a week or two.  If it's
for months there should a substitute.

> The list of subscribers is freely available

That won't tell you much, the one "gmane" subscription should
be "private" for technical reasons, and it's a gateway to any
number of GMaNe users.  Wherever I'm subscribed the first two
things I do is "hide subscription" and "switch to write only"
(because I read via GMaNe) if possible at all - with mailman
it's normally possible.

For "public" (GMaNe's POV) lists I normally don't subscribe,
the "members only" LTRU was an exception at this time, because
I feared that the LTRU Chairs might need fine-grained control.

> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages

For Web / news (NNTP) / news (RSS) / search access another URL
is http://dir.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.languages

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 26 09:03:19 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> A good thing about validity testing is that you can display the full 
> description, not only the 3-letter code. How about using the built-in 
> list to display in an human-friendly way the semantics of the tag, 
> before asking confirmation?
>
> % ./display-tag man-Nkoo-GN
> man-Nkoo-GN: (man: language "Mandingo", Nkoo: script  "N&#x2019;Ko", 
> GN: region  "Guinea")

Mine displays:

Subtag 1: man
Language subtag: Mandingo (registered 2005-10-16)

Subtag 2: Nkoo
Script subtag: N'Ko (registered 2005-10-16)

Subtag 3: GN
Region subtag: Guinea (registered 2005-10-16)

which is admittedly a lot to ask for a broad-purpose application like a 
browser.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 26 09:42:33 2006
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> While a lot of people participate on ietf-languages at iana.org, and 
> many share an understanding of what's problematic with that list and 
> the review of language tags, the LTRU list is by definition a 
> different list. I think it would be good if somebody (Mark?) could put 
> together a list of the problems he sees. Once we have a better 
> understanding on what we agree are problems, we have a better chance 
> of finding the minimal, but necessary, solutions.

Here are a few, in no particular order.  Some of these are my opinion, 
some are not, but I intentionally do not separate them here.

1.  Possibility of real or perceived arbitrariness on the part of a 
single Reviewer.

2.  Risk of indeterminate delay when the Reviewer is unavailable, 
coupled with requirements that things MUST happen within a set period.

3.  Unofficial delegation of some of the Reviewer's duties called out in 
RFC 4646 (list management, administrative function).

4.  Inadequate participation on ietf-languages leading to results that 
are not representative of the community.

5.  Lack of feedback to requester and ietf-languages community when a 
request is accepted or rejected.

6.  Need to validate updated Registry against human error before it is 
publicly posted.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 26 10:07:40 2006
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Debbie Garside <debbie at ictmarketing dot co dot uk> wrote:

> Peter wrote:
>
>> I trust it is clear to all that I have not opposed the registration 
>> of a variant subtag for Grabar because I wish to manipulate any list 
>> against common culture and needed usage, or because I am trying to 
>> hide my ignorance. Rather, it is because I believe users needing a 
>> tag for Grabar content will be best served, and the overall coherence 
>> of our system of ISO 639 IDs and RFC 4646 tags will be optimized, if 
>> this variety is given an identifier in ISO 639 rather than being 
>> coded with a variant subtag.
>
> I think this is perfectly clear and I completely agree.
>
> I hope other members of this list will also comment on this in order 
> that we may move forward and respond to the request in the appropriate 
> manner; with a decision and, assuming others agree, direction to the 
> ISO 639 JAC.

To the extent my opinion on this matters, I thought Peter's intentions 
were clear and clearly stated, and at no time did I question or 
second-guess them.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Sep 26 10:09:13 2006
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> To the extent my opinion on this matters, I thought Peter's intentions 
> were clear and clearly stated, and at no time did I question or 
> second-guess them.

+1

-- 
Híggledy-pìggledy / XML programmers            John Cowan
Try to escape those / I-eighteen-N woes;        http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Incontrovertibly / What we need more of is      cowan@ccil.org
Unicode weenies and / François Yergeaus.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 27 11:52:06 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] Suppress-Script batch 1
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> Here's a list of 67 differences between LTRU and CLDR 1.4

Okay.  I've taken Frank's list and pruned it as follows: (a) the four
cases where CLDR has multiple scripts and LSR has one; (b) the language
collections; (c) Uighur, which Wikipedia says is written in multiple
scripts.

Please, everyone (especially Michael, when he recovers), review these.
Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that the
script is always used for the language except in a few highly restricted
domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly transliteration,
transcription for use in another language, and when the standard script
is not available.

aa      Afar    		Latn
ak      Akan    		Latn
bo      Tibetan 		Tibt
byn     Blin Bilin      	Ethi
ee      Ewe     		Latn
fil     Filipino Pilipino       Latn
fur     Friulian        	Latn
fy      Western Frisian 	Latn
gaa     Ga      		Latn
gd      Gaelic Scottish Gaelic  Latn
gez     Geez    		Ethi
gsw     Swiss German Alemanic   Latn
haw     Hawaiian        	Latn
ho      Hiri Motu       	Latn
ia      Interlingua de IALA     Latn
ig      Igbo    		Latn
kam     Kamba   		Latn
kpe     Kpelle  		Latn
kw      Cornish 		Latn
mi      Maori   		Latn
oc      Occitan Proven&#xE7;al  Latn
os      Ossetian Ossetic        Latn
rm      Raeto-Romance   	Latn
sa      Sanskrit        	Deva
se      Northern Sami   	Latn
sid     Sidamo  		Latn
sma     Southern Sami   	Latn
smj     Lule Sami       	Latn
smn     Inari Sami      	Latn
sms     Skolt Sami      	Latn
syr     Syriac  		Syrc
tet     Tetum   		Latn
tig     Tigre   		Ethi
tt      Tatar   		Cyrl
wal     Walamo  		Ethi
yo      Yoruba  		Latn

-- 
I am expressing my opinion.  When my            John Cowan
honorable and gallant friend is called,         cowan@ccil.org
he will express his opinion.  This is           http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
the process which we call Debate.                   --Winston Churchill

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 27 12:06:39 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Suppress-Script batch 1
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Here's my thought:

    -1 to all of them

I still believe that Suppress-Script was the wrong solution to the 
script subtag problem. Here we are seeing *exactly* the kinds of 
problems with it that I predicted, which is that it is very difficult 
indeed to make a complete, comprehensive, and verifiably correct list. 
Furthermore, the possibility of abuse is clearly present. I see 'tt' on 
the list below, despite someone's vehement belief that Tatar speakers 
wish to write using the Latin script and are being suppressed. 
Suppress-Script would aid that, if that case turns out to be true.

We would be far better off, in my opinion, to have gone down the other 
course: a Require-Script field and strong language in RFC 4646 saying, 
in effect, "You MUST NOT use a script subtag unless the language or 
extlang has a Require-Script matching the script used in the content or 
the script subtag identifies some distinction in the content being tagged."

This latter course would meet all of the objections to Suppress-Script, 
including that it precludes certain kinds of abuse, either premeditated 
or accidental.

Since we didn't do that, I think we should only create Suppress-Script 
fields when there is clear and compelling reason to do so... and I think 
that a clear and compelling reason for me would be someone requesting it 
on purpose.

Addison

John Cowan wrote:
> Frank Ellermann scripsit:
> 
>> Here's a list of 67 differences between LTRU and CLDR 1.4
> 
> Okay.  I've taken Frank's list and pruned it as follows: (a) the four
> cases where CLDR has multiple scripts and LSR has one; (b) the language
> collections; (c) Uighur, which Wikipedia says is written in multiple
> scripts.
> 
> Please, everyone (especially Michael, when he recovers), review these.
> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that the
> script is always used for the language except in a few highly restricted
> domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly transliteration,
> transcription for use in another language, and when the standard script
> is not available.
> 
> aa      Afar    		Latn
> ak      Akan    		Latn
> bo      Tibetan 		Tibt
> byn     Blin Bilin      	Ethi
> ee      Ewe     		Latn
> fil     Filipino Pilipino       Latn
> fur     Friulian        	Latn
> fy      Western Frisian 	Latn
> gaa     Ga      		Latn
> gd      Gaelic Scottish Gaelic  Latn
> gez     Geez    		Ethi
> gsw     Swiss German Alemanic   Latn
> haw     Hawaiian        	Latn
> ho      Hiri Motu       	Latn
> ia      Interlingua de IALA     Latn
> ig      Igbo    		Latn
> kam     Kamba   		Latn
> kpe     Kpelle  		Latn
> kw      Cornish 		Latn
> mi      Maori   		Latn
> oc      Occitan Proven&#xE7;al  Latn
> os      Ossetian Ossetic        Latn
> rm      Raeto-Romance   	Latn
> sa      Sanskrit        	Deva
> se      Northern Sami   	Latn
> sid     Sidamo  		Latn
> sma     Southern Sami   	Latn
> smj     Lule Sami       	Latn
> smn     Inari Sami      	Latn
> sms     Skolt Sami      	Latn
> syr     Syriac  		Syrc
> tet     Tetum   		Latn
> tig     Tigre   		Ethi
> tt      Tatar   		Cyrl
> wal     Walamo  		Ethi
> yo      Yoruba  		Latn
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that 
> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly 
> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly 
> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when 
> the standard script is not available.

I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than 
most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've 
written.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an 
assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features 
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language 
tagging as well. 

Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital 
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and 
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The 
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be 
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the 
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate.

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment






"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net> 
09/27/2006 10:15 AM

To
"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
cc

Subject
[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1






John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that 
> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly 
> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly 
> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when 
> the standard script is not available.

I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than 
most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've 
written.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I still think the text of RFC 4646 and
structure leans strongly toward an assumption that all language is written.
Increasingly web content features animated talking heads or video, and
this content may need language tagging as well. </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Motion picture applications -- including
television, broadcast, Digital Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual
electronic program guides, and local/national/university archives -- also
require language tagging. The text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script
can be omitted when it can be assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing
number of cases, the assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Regards,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Metadata Systems Designer</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Sony Pictures Entertainment</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>&quot;Doug Ewell&quot;
&lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt;</b> </font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">09/27/2006 10:15 AM</font>
<td width=59%>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1</font></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>John Cowan &lt;cowan at ccil dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that
<br>
&gt; the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
<br>
&gt; restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly <br>
&gt; transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when
<br>
&gt; the standard script is not available.<br>
<br>
I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646. &nbsp;It's better
than <br>
most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've <br>
written.<br>
<br>
--<br>
Doug Ewell &nbsp;* &nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA &nbsp;* &nbsp;RFC 4645
&nbsp;* &nbsp;UTN #14<br>
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/<br>
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html<br>
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages <br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list<br>
Ltru@ietf.org<br>
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 27 14:07:37 2006
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(Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)

Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> Here's my thought:
>
>   -1 to all of them
>
> I still believe that Suppress-Script was the wrong solution to the 
> script subtag problem. Here we are seeing *exactly* the kinds of 
> problems with it that I predicted, which is that it is very difficult 
> indeed to make a complete, comprehensive, and verifiably correct list.

We can't put that particular toothpaste back into that particular tube. 
By creating an initial set of 126 Suppress-Script entries, I'm afraid 
the stage is set to investigate the remaining RFC 3066-era languages, 
and either add Suppress-Scripts or not.

> Furthermore, the possibility of abuse is clearly present. I see 'tt' 
> on the list below, despite someone's vehement belief that Tatar 
> speakers wish to write using the Latin script and are being 
> suppressed. Suppress-Script would aid that, if that case turns out to 
> be true.

This is a good observation, and it's why John urged everyone to review 
his list.  For the kind of bulk update that John and others have in 
mind, we (ietf-languages) would probably have to raise the bar for 
acceptance even higher, something like "Language A written in Script B 
would be just plain bizarre."

Last March I began a small research project to determine whether Korean 
should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.  I read books, scanned 
Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles, 
checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean speakers in person 
and by e-mail.  The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an 
overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a 
colleague at work actually used the word "overwhelming" -- but there is 
still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in 
scholarly works and newspapers.  "Regular" was the key here.  So I 
concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would NOT be a good 
idea, which is not what I expected to find.

One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script values may be 
not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).  If we make a 
mistake, we can go back and fix it.

> Since we didn't do that [Accept-Script], I think we should only create 
> Suppress-Script fields when there is clear and compelling reason to do 
> so... and I think that a clear and compelling reason for me would be 
> someone requesting it on purpose.

Like all other requests, though, it needs to be confirmed that such a 
request relates to actual usage, and is not a "test" of the system or an 
attempt to "prove" something about the system or its participants or 
related SDOs.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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Karen Broome <Karen underscore Broome at spe dot sony dot com> wrote:

> I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward 
> an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content 
> features animated talking heads or video, and this content may need 
> language tagging as well.
>
> Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, 
> Digital Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program 
> guides, and local/national/university archives -- also require 
> language tagging. The text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can 
> be omitted when it can be assumed. It doesn't mention that in an 
> increasing number of cases, the assignment of a script tag is 
> completely inappropriate.

This was probably meant to be covered in the introduction to Section 
2.2.3, which says, "Script subtags are used to indicate the script or 
writing system variations that distinguish the written forms of a 
language or its dialects."

While this describes the use case, I agree with Karen that the "non-use" 
case is not adequately addressed.  As John Cowan observed on 
ietf-languages, some users may select subtags simply to "fill in the 
blanks" even when they add no distinguishing value.

Sections 2.2.3 and 4.1 seem like appropriate places to add this.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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Doug Ewell wrote:
> (Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)

It does NOT belong there. I object in the strongest possible terms to my 
being cross-posted, especially in an edited form.


> 
> Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
> 
>> Here's my thought:
>>
>>   -1 to all of them
>>
>> I still believe that Suppress-Script was the wrong solution to the 
>> script subtag problem. Here we are seeing *exactly* the kinds of 
>> problems with it that I predicted, which is that it is very difficult 
>> indeed to make a complete, comprehensive, and verifiably correct list.
> 
> We can't put that particular toothpaste back into that particular tube. 
> By creating an initial set of 126 Suppress-Script entries, I'm afraid 
> the stage is set to investigate the remaining RFC 3066-era languages, 
> and either add Suppress-Scripts or not.

Yeah, I lost that battle and don't really want to revisit it... except 
that I am horrified to note that my predictions about the unwieldy 
nature of Suppress-Script all came true. I do not believe that 
ietf-languages is the right forum for deciding how languages are written 
customarily and would prefer it if only the absolutely necessary 
Suppress-Script fields were created.

I also believe that, since we appear to be willing to consider trashing 
any amount of RFC 4646 in a quest to have a better file format (XML) or 
a different reviewing mechanism (LSRB), why not fix everything to our 
current taste? I don't want to be alone in standing on the barricades 
fighting extraneous change. :-)

> 
>> Furthermore, the possibility of abuse is clearly present. I see 'tt' 
>> on the list below, despite someone's vehement belief that Tatar 
>> speakers wish to write using the Latin script and are being 
>> suppressed. Suppress-Script would aid that, if that case turns out to 
>> be true.
> 
> This is a good observation, and it's why John urged everyone to review 
> his list.  For the kind of bulk update that John and others have in 
> mind, we (ietf-languages) would probably have to raise the bar for 
> acceptance even higher, something like "Language A written in Script B 
> would be just plain bizarre."

It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem of 
preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required 
about too many languages. Most languages are customarily written in only 
one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the 
script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for 
languages of limited diffusion.

By contrast, determining which small number of languages are customarily 
written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 'customarily'!) is 
a far easier task.

> 
> Last March I began a small research project to determine whether Korean 
> should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.  I read books, scanned 
> Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles, 
> checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean speakers in person 
> and by e-mail.  The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an 
> overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a 
> colleague at work actually used the word "overwhelming" -- but there is 
> still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in 
> scholarly works and newspapers.  "Regular" was the key here.  So I 
> concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would NOT be a good 
> idea, which is not what I expected to find.

It took a lot of work to arrive at that conclusion, no? Why are these 
other languages different?

> 
> One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script values may be 
> not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).  If we make a 
> mistake, we can go back and fix it.
> 
>> Since we didn't do that [Accept-Script], I think we should only create 
>> Suppress-Script fields when there is clear and compelling reason to do 
>> so... and I think that a clear and compelling reason for me would be 
>> someone requesting it on purpose.
> 
> Like all other requests, though, it needs to be confirmed that such a 
> request relates to actual usage, and is not a "test" of the system or an 
> attempt to "prove" something about the system or its participants or 
> related SDOs.
> 

This may be difficult to evaluate. For all I know, 'tt' is, in fact, 
customarily written in Cyrillic and the person proposing Latin script is 
an outlying opinion. I have no way of evaluating it without finding a 
large number of documents written in Tatar and examining their script.

I've said enough. I think this an awful idea, but no one else seems to 
see the difficulties involved. So I'm going to quit raising my sour 
grapes up for general viewing. On the other hand, I note that attempts 
to create this informative field have already demonstrated some 
workability problems.

So, let's leave it at:

   -1 for proposing these Suppress-Script fields on ietf-languages, 
because I don't believe there is enough compelling information to 
support them.

When they are proposed, you can count on my emitting a quiet -1 for each 
of them. Consensus, after all, is not unanimity.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

_______________________________________________
Ltru mailing list
Ltru@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru



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Date: Wed, 27 Sep 2006 13:03:29 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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I also agree that suppress script was a bad idea. Better would have been an
informative field indicating that "this language is customarily written in
multiple scripts"; that would provide the indication that a script might be
necessary.

(Notice that in lookup matching -- our principal concern -- we end up always
logically having a "default script" even for languages customarily written
in multiple scripts -- that is the script we will use for content that
matches the case where the language tag doesn't contain a script. For that
matter, we also always have a "default region" in that sense; the content is
appropriate for the region that is most populous for that language.)

Mark

On 9/27/06, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
>
>
> Doug Ewell wrote:
> > (Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)
>
> It does NOT belong there. I object in the strongest possible terms to my
> being cross-posted, especially in an edited form.
>
>
> >
> > Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
> >
> >> Here's my thought:
> >>
> >>   -1 to all of them
> >>
> >> I still believe that Suppress-Script was the wrong solution to the
> >> script subtag problem. Here we are seeing *exactly* the kinds of
> >> problems with it that I predicted, which is that it is very difficult
> >> indeed to make a complete, comprehensive, and verifiably correct list.
> >
> > We can't put that particular toothpaste back into that particular tube.
> > By creating an initial set of 126 Suppress-Script entries, I'm afraid
> > the stage is set to investigate the remaining RFC 3066-era languages,
> > and either add Suppress-Scripts or not.
>
> Yeah, I lost that battle and don't really want to revisit it... except
> that I am horrified to note that my predictions about the unwieldy
> nature of Suppress-Script all came true. I do not believe that
> ietf-languages is the right forum for deciding how languages are written
> customarily and would prefer it if only the absolutely necessary
> Suppress-Script fields were created.
>
> I also believe that, since we appear to be willing to consider trashing
> any amount of RFC 4646 in a quest to have a better file format (XML) or
> a different reviewing mechanism (LSRB), why not fix everything to our
> current taste? I don't want to be alone in standing on the barricades
> fighting extraneous change. :-)
>
> >
> >> Furthermore, the possibility of abuse is clearly present. I see 'tt'
> >> on the list below, despite someone's vehement belief that Tatar
> >> speakers wish to write using the Latin script and are being
> >> suppressed. Suppress-Script would aid that, if that case turns out to
> >> be true.
> >
> > This is a good observation, and it's why John urged everyone to review
> > his list.  For the kind of bulk update that John and others have in
> > mind, we (ietf-languages) would probably have to raise the bar for
> > acceptance even higher, something like "Language A written in Script B
> > would be just plain bizarre."
>
> It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem of
> preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required
> about too many languages. Most languages are customarily written in only
> one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the
> script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for
> languages of limited diffusion.
>
> By contrast, determining which small number of languages are customarily
> written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 'customarily'!) is
> a far easier task.
>
> >
> > Last March I began a small research project to determine whether Korean
> > should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.  I read books, scanned
> > Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles,
> > checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean speakers in person
> > and by e-mail.  The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an
> > overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a
> > colleague at work actually used the word "overwhelming" -- but there is
> > still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in
> > scholarly works and newspapers.  "Regular" was the key here.  So I
> > concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would NOT be a good
> > idea, which is not what I expected to find.
>
> It took a lot of work to arrive at that conclusion, no? Why are these
> other languages different?
>
> >
> > One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script values may be
> > not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).  If we make a
> > mistake, we can go back and fix it.
> >
> >> Since we didn't do that [Accept-Script], I think we should only create
> >> Suppress-Script fields when there is clear and compelling reason to do
> >> so... and I think that a clear and compelling reason for me would be
> >> someone requesting it on purpose.
> >
> > Like all other requests, though, it needs to be confirmed that such a
> > request relates to actual usage, and is not a "test" of the system or an
> > attempt to "prove" something about the system or its participants or
> > related SDOs.
> >
>
> This may be difficult to evaluate. For all I know, 'tt' is, in fact,
> customarily written in Cyrillic and the person proposing Latin script is
> an outlying opinion. I have no way of evaluating it without finding a
> large number of documents written in Tatar and examining their script.
>
> I've said enough. I think this an awful idea, but no one else seems to
> see the difficulties involved. So I'm going to quit raising my sour
> grapes up for general viewing. On the other hand, I note that attempts
> to create this informative field have already demonstrated some
> workability problems.
>
> So, let's leave it at:
>
>    -1 for proposing these Suppress-Script fields on ietf-languages,
> because I don't believe there is enough compelling information to
> support them.
>
> When they are proposed, you can count on my emitting a quiet -1 for each
> of them. Consensus, after all, is not unanimity.
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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I also agree that suppress script was a bad idea. Better would have been an informative field indicating that &quot;this language is customarily written in multiple scripts&quot;; that would provide the indication that a script might be necessary.
<br><br>(Notice that in lookup matching -- our principal concern -- we end up always logically having a &quot;default script&quot; even for languages customarily written in multiple scripts -- that is the script we will use for content that matches the case where the language tag doesn't contain a script. For that matter, we also always have a &quot;default region&quot; in that sense; the content is appropriate for the region that is most populous for that language.)
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/27/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Addison Phillips</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<br><br>Doug Ewell wrote:<br>&gt; (Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)<br><br>It does NOT belong there. I object in the strongest possible terms to my<br>being cross-posted, especially in an edited form.
<br><br><br>&gt;<br>&gt; Addison Phillips &lt;addison at yahoo dash inc dot com&gt; wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&gt; Here's my thought:<br>&gt;&gt;<br>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; -1 to all of them<br>&gt;&gt;<br>&gt;&gt; I still believe that Suppress-Script was the wrong solution to the
<br>&gt;&gt; script subtag problem. Here we are seeing *exactly* the kinds of<br>&gt;&gt; problems with it that I predicted, which is that it is very difficult<br>&gt;&gt; indeed to make a complete, comprehensive, and verifiably correct list.
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; We can't put that particular toothpaste back into that particular tube.<br>&gt; By creating an initial set of 126 Suppress-Script entries, I'm afraid<br>&gt; the stage is set to investigate the remaining RFC 3066-era languages,
<br>&gt; and either add Suppress-Scripts or not.<br><br>Yeah, I lost that battle and don't really want to revisit it... except<br>that I am horrified to note that my predictions about the unwieldy<br>nature of Suppress-Script all came true. I do not believe that
<br>ietf-languages is the right forum for deciding how languages are written<br>customarily and would prefer it if only the absolutely necessary<br>Suppress-Script fields were created.<br><br>I also believe that, since we appear to be willing to consider trashing
<br>any amount of RFC 4646 in a quest to have a better file format (XML) or<br>a different reviewing mechanism (LSRB), why not fix everything to our<br>current taste? I don't want to be alone in standing on the barricades
<br>fighting extraneous change. :-)<br><br>&gt;<br>&gt;&gt; Furthermore, the possibility of abuse is clearly present. I see 'tt'<br>&gt;&gt; on the list below, despite someone's vehement belief that Tatar<br>&gt;&gt; speakers wish to write using the Latin script and are being
<br>&gt;&gt; suppressed. Suppress-Script would aid that, if that case turns out to<br>&gt;&gt; be true.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; This is a good observation, and it's why John urged everyone to review<br>&gt; his list.&nbsp;&nbsp;For the kind of bulk update that John and others have in
<br>&gt; mind, we (ietf-languages) would probably have to raise the bar for<br>&gt; acceptance even higher, something like &quot;Language A written in Script B<br>&gt; would be just plain bizarre.&quot;<br><br>It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem of
<br>preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required<br>about too many languages. Most languages are customarily written in only<br>one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the<br>
script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for<br>languages of limited diffusion.<br><br>By contrast, determining which small number of languages are customarily<br>written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 'customarily'!) is
<br>a far easier task.<br><br>&gt;<br>&gt; Last March I began a small research project to determine whether Korean<br>&gt; should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.&nbsp;&nbsp;I read books, scanned<br>&gt; Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles,
<br>&gt; checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean speakers in person<br>&gt; and by e-mail.&nbsp;&nbsp;The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an<br>&gt; overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a
<br>&gt; colleague at work actually used the word &quot;overwhelming&quot; -- but there is<br>&gt; still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in<br>&gt; scholarly works and newspapers.&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;Regular&quot; was the key here.&nbsp;&nbsp;So I
<br>&gt; concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would NOT be a good<br>&gt; idea, which is not what I expected to find.<br><br>It took a lot of work to arrive at that conclusion, no? Why are these<br>other languages different?
<br><br>&gt;<br>&gt; One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script values may be<br>&gt; not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).&nbsp;&nbsp;If we make a<br>&gt; mistake, we can go back and fix it.<br>&gt;
<br>&gt;&gt; Since we didn't do that [Accept-Script], I think we should only create<br>&gt;&gt; Suppress-Script fields when there is clear and compelling reason to do<br>&gt;&gt; so... and I think that a clear and compelling reason for me would be
<br>&gt;&gt; someone requesting it on purpose.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Like all other requests, though, it needs to be confirmed that such a<br>&gt; request relates to actual usage, and is not a &quot;test&quot; of the system or an
<br>&gt; attempt to &quot;prove&quot; something about the system or its participants or<br>&gt; related SDOs.<br>&gt;<br><br>This may be difficult to evaluate. For all I know, 'tt' is, in fact,<br>customarily written in Cyrillic and the person proposing Latin script is
<br>an outlying opinion. I have no way of evaluating it without finding a<br>large number of documents written in Tatar and examining their script.<br><br>I've said enough. I think this an awful idea, but no one else seems to
<br>see the difficulties involved. So I'm going to quit raising my sour<br>grapes up for general viewing. On the other hand, I note that attempts<br>to create this informative field have already demonstrated some<br>workability problems.
<br><br>So, let's leave it at:<br><br>&nbsp;&nbsp; -1 for proposing these Suppress-Script fields on ietf-languages,<br>because I don't believe there is enough compelling information to<br>support them.<br><br>When they are proposed, you can count on my emitting a quiet -1 for each
<br>of them. Consensus, after all, is not unanimity.<br><br>Addison<br><br>--<br>Addison Phillips<br>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.<br><br>Internationalization is an architecture.<br>It is not a feature.<br><br>_______________________________________________
<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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I have to say, I am mostly in agreement with Addison.

I haven't time to go into details on this now, but I have done extensive
research on a number of languages and their writing systems.  It is not as
easy as it sounds and really needs thorough research or the Registry is
going to be in trouble.

A few weeks ago I corrected a Unicode document that was displaying two
separate languages of the same name, spoken in different regions with
scripts designated.  The script information was correct for one of the
languages only. This type of error highlights the muddle that can be created
by "official" documentation compiled without adequate research. On this
occasion a simple human error could be easily corrected.  This is not the
case within the Registry.

I do realise that nothing is ever 100% accurate, and certainly linguistics
is a field where there are a number of differing opinions within various
aspects; no one of them being necessarily correct. 

But I also think that if we are to consider seriously supporting
suppress-script within the Registry a thorough methodology should be devised
in order to deal with this. As within many aspects of business today, we can
design out the error rating insofar as is reasonably possible.  

However, I do not think that research of this nature is within the remit of
LTRU or IETF-languages. I know suppress-script is there now and I have no
suggestions to make to repair this decision other than to only add
suppress-script on request and when presented with "thorough" supporting
research; "thorough" should be defined in RFC4646bis.

Best regards

Debbie Garside



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com] 
> Sent: 27 September 2006 20:11
> To: Doug Ewell
> Cc: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
> 
> 
> 
> Doug Ewell wrote:
> > (Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)
> 
> It does NOT belong there. I object in the strongest possible 
> terms to my being cross-posted, especially in an edited form.
> 
> 
> > 
> > Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
> > 
> >> Here's my thought:
> >>
> >>   -1 to all of them
> >>
> >> I still believe that Suppress-Script was the wrong solution to the 
> >> script subtag problem. Here we are seeing *exactly* the kinds of 
> >> problems with it that I predicted, which is that it is 
> very difficult 
> >> indeed to make a complete, comprehensive, and verifiably 
> correct list.
> > 
> > We can't put that particular toothpaste back into that 
> particular tube. 
> > By creating an initial set of 126 Suppress-Script entries, 
> I'm afraid 
> > the stage is set to investigate the remaining RFC 3066-era 
> languages, 
> > and either add Suppress-Scripts or not.
> 
> Yeah, I lost that battle and don't really want to revisit 
> it... except 
> that I am horrified to note that my predictions about the unwieldy 
> nature of Suppress-Script all came true. I do not believe that 
> ietf-languages is the right forum for deciding how languages 
> are written 
> customarily and would prefer it if only the absolutely necessary 
> Suppress-Script fields were created.
> 
> I also believe that, since we appear to be willing to 
> consider trashing 
> any amount of RFC 4646 in a quest to have a better file 
> format (XML) or 
> a different reviewing mechanism (LSRB), why not fix everything to our 
> current taste? I don't want to be alone in standing on the barricades 
> fighting extraneous change. :-)
> 
> > 
> >> Furthermore, the possibility of abuse is clearly present. 
> I see 'tt' 
> >> on the list below, despite someone's vehement belief that Tatar 
> >> speakers wish to write using the Latin script and are being 
> >> suppressed. Suppress-Script would aid that, if that case 
> turns out to 
> >> be true.
> > 
> > This is a good observation, and it's why John urged 
> everyone to review 
> > his list.  For the kind of bulk update that John and others have in 
> > mind, we (ietf-languages) would probably have to raise the bar for 
> > acceptance even higher, something like "Language A written 
> in Script B 
> > would be just plain bizarre."
> 
> It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the 
> problem of 
> preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required 
> about too many languages. Most languages are customarily 
> written in only 
> one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the 
> script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for 
> languages of limited diffusion.
> 
> By contrast, determining which small number of languages are 
> customarily 
> written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 
> 'customarily'!) is 
> a far easier task.
> 
> > 
> > Last March I began a small research project to determine 
> whether Korean 
> > should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.  I read books, scanned 
> > Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles, 
> > checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean 
> speakers in person 
> > and by e-mail.  The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an 
> > overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a 
> > colleague at work actually used the word "overwhelming" -- 
> but there is 
> > still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in 
> > scholarly works and newspapers.  "Regular" was the key here.  So I 
> > concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would 
> NOT be a good 
> > idea, which is not what I expected to find.
> 
> It took a lot of work to arrive at that conclusion, no? Why are these 
> other languages different?
> 
> > 
> > One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script 
> values may be 
> > not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).  If 
> we make a 
> > mistake, we can go back and fix it.
> > 
> >> Since we didn't do that [Accept-Script], I think we should 
> only create 
> >> Suppress-Script fields when there is clear and compelling 
> reason to do 
> >> so... and I think that a clear and compelling reason for 
> me would be 
> >> someone requesting it on purpose.
> > 
> > Like all other requests, though, it needs to be confirmed 
> that such a 
> > request relates to actual usage, and is not a "test" of the 
> system or an 
> > attempt to "prove" something about the system or its 
> participants or 
> > related SDOs.
> > 
> 
> This may be difficult to evaluate. For all I know, 'tt' is, in fact, 
> customarily written in Cyrillic and the person proposing 
> Latin script is 
> an outlying opinion. I have no way of evaluating it without finding a 
> large number of documents written in Tatar and examining their script.
> 
> I've said enough. I think this an awful idea, but no one else 
> seems to 
> see the difficulties involved. So I'm going to quit raising my sour 
> grapes up for general viewing. On the other hand, I note that 
> attempts 
> to create this informative field have already demonstrated some 
> workability problems.
> 
> So, let's leave it at:
> 
>    -1 for proposing these Suppress-Script fields on ietf-languages, 
> because I don't believe there is enough compelling information to 
> support them.
> 
> When they are proposed, you can count on my emitting a quiet 
> -1 for each 
> of them. Consensus, after all, is not unanimity.
> 
> Addison
> 
> -- 
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> 
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 





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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 27 16:16:35 2006
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

>> (Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)
>
> It does NOT belong there. I object in the strongest possible terms to 
> my being cross-posted, especially in an edited form.

OK, I apologize.  I thought ietf-languages was where decisions were made 
about specific items in the Registry, and LTRU was where the governing 
documents and policy decisions about them were discussed.  I guess this 
fell on the policy side.

> Yeah, I lost that battle and don't really want to revisit it... except 
> that I am horrified to note that my predictions about the unwieldy 
> nature of Suppress-Script all came true. I do not believe that 
> ietf-languages is the right forum for deciding how languages are 
> written customarily and would prefer it if only the absolutely 
> necessary Suppress-Script fields were created.

I didn't want Suppress-Script, Require-Script, Suggest-Script, or 
Gently-Nudge-In-The-Drection-Of-Script.  I thought the guiding principle 
was supposed to be "Tag content wisely."

> I also believe that, since we appear to be willing to consider 
> trashing any amount of RFC 4646 in a quest to have a better file 
> format (XML) or a different reviewing mechanism (LSRB), why not fix 
> everything to our current taste? I don't want to be alone in standing 
> on the barricades fighting extraneous change. :-)

The only reason I supported XML was that the General Manager of IANA 
reported they were moving to it.

The LSRB basically would codify what we do now -- Michael reviews 
subtags, I prepare paperwork for him, Harald moderates the list.  It 
would allow life to go on in the event Michael is on one of his extended 
trips.

You're not alone in your frustration -- remember how I feel about 
extension subtags and the group's reluctance to consider using them for 
transcriptions or any other purpose.

> It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem 
> of preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is 
> required about too many languages. Most languages are customarily 
> written in only one script, but determining which ones that is true of 
> and what the script subtag should be is moderately difficult, 
> especially for languages of limited diffusion.

No argument.  As I said from the outset, S-S -- more than any other 
feature of RFC 4646 -- makes it look like we are trying to be the 
ultimate arbiters of language usage, instead of a body that gathers the 
research of others and makes it usable in a regularized fashion on the 
Internet, which is the body I joined.

> By contrast, determining which small number of languages are 
> customarily written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 
> 'customarily'!) is a far easier task.

Even that carries the potential for controversy.  Is Santali 
"customarily" written in Ol Chiki?  That probably depends on who you 
ask.

> It took a lot of work to arrive at that [Korean] conclusion, no? Why 
> are these other languages different?

They aren't, necessarily.  Some might be less work, some more.  This is 
one reason I don't just starting ticking boxes when a list like John's 
comes up, like I'm voting for an All-Star team.  I don't personally have 
the expertise to make most of those calls, and they should only be made 
by those who do.

> I've said enough. I think this an awful idea, but no one else seems to 
> see the difficulties involved. So I'm going to quit raising my sour 
> grapes up for general viewing. On the other hand, I note that attempts 
> to create this informative field have already demonstrated some 
> workability problems.

S-S provides a long-term solution for a world that continues to use 
remove-from-right prefix matching and unnecessary region subtags, 
instead of using the recommendations in RFC 4647 which would solve all 
of these problems.  We assume that tag producers will start adding 
script subtags indiscriminately, but that tag consumers will *not* 
update their matching engines to understand them.

> So, let's leave it at:
>
>   -1 for proposing these Suppress-Script fields on ietf-languages, 
> because I don't believe there is enough compelling information to 
> support them.
>
> When they are proposed, you can count on my emitting a quiet -1 for 
> each of them. Consensus, after all, is not unanimity.

Would you support removing some of the ones that are there already?

Example: Timne.  In order for Suppress-Script to work in the case of 
Timne, there has to be content currently tagged "tem-SL" (with a region 
subtag, not just "tem"), and there must be a concern that the content 
will not be found if it is tagged "tem-Latn-SL" instead (thus using TWO 
unnecessary subtags instead of one).  We added Timne to the initial S-S 
list, not because this scenario played out, but because it could be 
easily determined that Timne is written overwhelmingly in Latin script.

I don't like S-S now any more than when I started writing this.  My 
concern is that we already did 50% of this bulk adding job, and we are 
better off doing 100% or 0% rather than 50%.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 27 16:32:26 2006
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Hi,

Some notes follow.

Doug Ewell wrote:
> Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:
> 
>>> (Cross-posted to ietf-languages, since it really belongs there.)
>>
>> It does NOT belong there. I object in the strongest possible terms to 
>> my being cross-posted, especially in an edited form.
> 
> OK, I apologize.  I thought ietf-languages was where decisions were made 
> about specific items in the Registry, and LTRU was where the governing 
> documents and policy decisions about them were discussed.  I guess this 
> fell on the policy side.

No, my bad for being grouchy.

> 
>> By contrast, determining which small number of languages are 
>> customarily written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 
>> 'customarily'!) is a far easier task.
> 
> Even that carries the potential for controversy.  Is Santali 
> "customarily" written in Ol Chiki?  That probably depends on who you ask.

Yes, but the demonstration for multiple scripts is relatively easier to 
prove: find some moderately large number of documents in each of the 
scripts. Presence of more than one script, plus, is possible, 
descriptions of the language as being written in more than one script is 
a *positive* demonstration of multiple scripts.

Whereas, you can produce all the documents in Tatar in Cyrillic that you 
want: it doesn't prove that there are (or are not) a large number of 
Tatar documents lurking somewhere in the Latin script. Proving the 
negative case is hard without a Tatar library card.


> 
>> It took a lot of work to arrive at that [Korean] conclusion, no? Why 
>> are these other languages different?
> 
> They aren't, necessarily.  Some might be less work, some more.  This is 
> one reason I don't just starting ticking boxes when a list like John's 
> comes up, like I'm voting for an All-Star team.  I don't personally have 
> the expertise to make most of those calls, and they should only be made 
> by those who do.

Avoiding the necessity would seem like a better choice. The 
compatibility issues are avoided if we can make strong enough positive 
statements about not using script subtags except where they are 
necessary and providing for ways that registrants can create information 
showing the minority of cases where they are.

> 
>> I've said enough. I think this an awful idea, but no one else seems to 
>> see the difficulties involved. So I'm going to quit raising my sour 
>> grapes up for general viewing. On the other hand, I note that attempts 
>> to create this informative field have already demonstrated some 
>> workability problems.
> 
> S-S provides a long-term solution for a world that continues to use 
> remove-from-right prefix matching and unnecessary region subtags, 
> instead of using the recommendations in RFC 4647 which would solve all 
> of these problems.  We assume that tag producers will start adding 
> script subtags indiscriminately, but that tag consumers will *not* 
> update their matching engines to understand them.

Assumptions that may or may not be true. But the problem here is that 
S-S seeks to provide, at great cost and difficulty, mechanisms to 
address the problem which could be better solved through simpler, more 
manageable means.

>>
>> When they are proposed, you can count on my emitting a quiet -1 for 
>> each of them. Consensus, after all, is not unanimity.
> 
> Would you support removing some of the ones that are there already?

Yes. I support (one might infer) removing them *all* and adding another 
kind of field to solve the problem. The reason S-S was chosen was the 
impression that no one would ever read RFC 4646 (maybe not such a bad 
assumption) and just look at the registry. S-S provides a very positive 
hint to authors of "major" languages (i.e. those with 639-1 codes) not 
to start using the script subtag. I'd almost prefer limiting it to the 
alpha2 codes.

> 
> I don't like S-S now any more than when I started writing this.  My 
> concern is that we already did 50% of this bulk adding job, and we are 
> better off doing 100% or 0% rather than 50%.
> 

0% does less potential harm than 100% does ;-)

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.

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Cc: Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>,
	ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
Subject: [Ltru] Re: frr, fy, ngo, tt
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Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2006 02:57:42 +0200
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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> it needs to be confirmed that such a request relates to
> actual usage, and is not a "test" of the system or an
> attempt to "prove" something about the system or its
> participants or related SDOs.

1: The intended cleanup of the missing Suppress-Scripts did
   not work so far.
2: What's okay for ngo should be also okay for fy and frr.
3: I consider statements that my registration request for 
   frr was a bad faith effort as insulting.



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Sep 27 22:58:14 2006
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Mark Davis scripsit:

> In particular, I had asked on this list if anyone knew anything about
> the couple of dozen purported languages at the end for which Magda
> couldn't find 639-3 language codes. Hearing no response, we will
> probably just remove them from the Unicode site as bogus.  

Google search of www.ethnologue.com is your friend.

> ??? ;   Aisor ; [Cyrl]
> ??? ;   Assyrian (modern) ;     [Syrc]

Synonyms for Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (syr-aii).

> ??? ;   Bahasa ;        [Latn]

This is the Malay/Indonesian word for "language", so it's
probably a synonym for either one (they are very similar
but not identical).

> ??? ;   Balear ;        [Latn]

Dialect of Catalan spoken in the Balearic islands.

> ??? ;   Balkar ;        [Cyrl]

Dialect of Karachay-Balkar (krc).

> ??? ;   Bugis ; [Bugi]

Synonym for Buginese (bug)

> ??? ;   Buryat ;        [Cyrl]

Synonym for Russia Buriat (bxr)

> ??? ;   Cham ;  [Cham]*

Could be Western Cham (cja) in Cambodia or Eastern Cham (cjm) in Vietnam.

> ??? ;   Chhattisgarhi ; [Deva]

Code hne.

> ??? ;   Chukchi ;       [Cyrl]

Should be Chukot (ckt).  "Chukchi" is the ethnonym.

> ??? ;   Dungan ;        [Cyrl]

Code dng.  Linguistically part of the Mandarin Chinese dialect
continuum, but sociolinguistically separate because written in
Cyrillic and spoken in Russia.

> ??? ;   Edo ;   [Latn]

Code bin.

> ??? ;   Garshuni ;      [Syrc]

Apparently means ar-Syrc.  See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garshuni .

> ??? ;   Gascon ;        [Latn]

Code oc-gsc (part of the Occitan macrolanguage).

> ??? ;   Judezmo ;       [Hebr]

Synonym for Ladino (lad).

> ??? ;   Kankan ;        [Deva]

Synonym for Eastern Maninkakan (emk)

> ??? ;   Khakass ;       [Cyrl]

Spelling error or synonym for Khakas (kjh)

> ??? ;   Koryak ;        [Cyrl]

Code kpy.

> ??? ;   Lapp ;  [Latn]

One of the Saami languages ("Lapp" is derogatory).
See http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=90977 .

> ??? ;   Mordvin ;       [Cyrl]

A genetic grouping comprising Erzya (myv) and Moksha (mdf).

> ??? ;   Naga ;  [Latn]; [Beng]

A genetic grouping comprising 25 languages, most called "X Naga";
see http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=92044 .
Also Naga Pidgin (nag).

> ??? ;   Riang ; [Beng]

Code ril.

> ??? ;   Swadaya ;       [Syrc]

Dialect of syr-aii (see above).

> ??? ;   Tamazight ;     [Tfng], [Latn]

Probably Central Atlas Tamazight (tzm), but might be intended to include
two other Tamazight languages (tjo, tia).

> ??? ;   Tsalagi ;       (see Cherokee)

Synonym for Cherokee (chr).

> ??? ;   Tuva ;  [Cyrl]

Tuvin (tyv); "Tuva" is the locality name.

> ??? ;   Udekhe ;        [Cyrl]

Synonym for Udihe (ude).

-- 
John Cowan      http://www.ccil.org/~cowan      cowan@ccil.org
Be yourself.  Especially do not feign a working knowledge of RDF where
no such knowledge exists.  Neither be cynical about RELAX NG; for in
the face of all aridity and disenchantment in the world of markup,
James Clark is as perennial as the grass.  --DeXiderata, Sean McGrath

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 00:30:05 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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Hello Karen,

As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
point that should be documented clearly.

As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
issue forward.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging as well. 
>
>Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. 
>
>Regards, 
>
>Karen Broome 
>Metadata Systems Designer 
>Sony Pictures Entertainment 
>
>
>
>
>
>"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net> 
>
>09/27/2006 10:15 AM 
>To
>"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org> 
>cc
>Subject
>[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 
>
>
>
>
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that 
>> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly 
>> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly 
>> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when 
>> the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than 
>most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've 
>written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
>
>
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 00:54:29 2006
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At 03:06 06/09/28, Doug Ewell wrote:

>Last March I began a small research project to determine whether Korean should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.  I read books, scanned Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles, checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean speakers in person and by e-mail.  The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a colleague at work actually used the word "overwhelming" -- but there is still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in scholarly works and newspapers.  "Regular" was the key here.  So I concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would NOT be a good idea, which is not what I expected to find.

This is a particularly tricky one. In modern Korean, what you may want to distinguish
in practice is texts written exclusively in Hangul and texts written mostly in
Hangul, but with a few Hanja interspersed. Historically, you also want to distinguish
texts written exclusively in Hanja.

The "a few Hanja interspersed" can, as far as I understand, go from a very low percentage
(such as <1%, an example I have seen is books for the board game of Go, where
Hanja are used for 'black' and 'white', but nothing else) to a much higher
percentage (a potential example might be a political treatise where all the
names and all the technical terms are in Hanja). In terms of readability, these
two examples, althoug both mixtures, have to be evaluated quite differently:
The former is about as easy to read as pure Hangul, while the later is quite
a bit more difficult.

In that sense, one can ask oneself whether an example like the former cannoFrom ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 00:54:29 2006
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At 03:06 06/09/28, Doug Ewell wrote:

>Last March I began a small research project to determine whether Korean should have a Suppress-Script of Hangul.  I read books, scanned Korean-language newspapers published in Seoul and in Los Angeles, checked numerous Web sites, talked to native Korean speakers in person and by e-mail.  The result was that Hangul is, in fact, used an overwhelming proportion of the time to write modern Korean -- a colleague at work actually used the word "overwhelming" -- but there is still a certain, tiny, regular pattern of usage of Han (hanja) in scholarly works and newspapers.  "Regular" was the key here.  So I concluded that a Suppress-Script for Korean actually would NOT be a good idea, which is not what I expected to find.

This is a particularly tricky one. In modern Korean, what you may want to distinguish
in practice is texts written exclusively in Hangul and texts written mostly in
Hangul, but with a few Hanja interspersed. Historically, you also want to distinguish
texts written exclusively in Hanja.

The "a few Hanja interspersed" can, as far as I understand, go from a very low percentage
(such as <1%, an example I have seen is books for the board game of Go, where
Hanja are used for 'black' and 'white', but nothing else) to a much higher
percentage (a potential example might be a political treatise where all the
names and all the technical terms are in Hanja). In terms of readability, these
two examples, althoug both mixtures, have to be evaluated quite differently:
The former is about as easy to read as pure Hangul, while the later is quite
a bit more difficult.

In that sense, one can ask oneself whether an example like the former cannot
just be tagged as Hangul, in the same way as e.g. a Latin text with an
occasional Greek or other character would still be tagged as Latin.
For the later example, the question is whether something similar to
    Subtag: Jpan
    Description: Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)
should be defined for the Korean case. The problem is that while
conventions for what to write with Kanji, Hiragana, and Katakana in
modern Japanese are quite well established, the practice is quite
a bit more varying in Korean, the way I understand it.

Speaking about Japanese, I'm quite surprised that we don't have
    Supress-script: Jpan
at
    Type: language
    Subtag: ja
    Description: Japanese
    Added: 2005-10-16
When something is tagged ja, the assumption is that it's written in
Kanji-Kana mixture, because that's how Japanese is written. Not having
a Suppress-script would mean that strictly speaking, ja-Jpan should be
used, which nobody does and would be silly anyway.

>One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script values may be not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).  If we make a mistake, we can go back and fix it.

Oh, at least one thing that we can fix. We should definitely
leave it that way.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 00:54:29 2006
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+1 to Doug's proposal to include John's text into 4646bis.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:15 06/09/28, Doug Ewell wrote:
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Supprest
just be tagged as Hangul, in the same way as e.g. a Latin text with an
occasional Greek or other character would still be tagged as Latin.
For the later example, the question is whether something similar to
    Subtag: Jpan
    Description: Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)
should be defined for the Korean case. The problem is that while
conventions for what to write with Kanji, Hiragana, and Katakana in
modern Japanese are quite well established, the practice is quite
a bit more varying in Korean, the way I understand it.

Speaking about Japanese, I'm quite surprised that we don't have
    Supress-script: Jpan
at
    Type: language
    Subtag: ja
    Description: Japanese
    Added: 2005-10-16
When something is tagged ja, the assumption is that it's written in
Kanji-Kana mixture, because that's how Japanese is written. Not having
a Suppress-script would mean that strictly speaking, ja-Jpan should be
used, which nobody does and would be silly anyway.

>One important fact to keep in mind is that Suppress-Script values may be not only added, but also removed (Section 3.4, item 7).  If we make a mistake, we can go back and fix it.

Oh, at least one thing that we can fix. We should definitely
leave it that way.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 00:54:29 2006
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+1 to Doug's proposal to include John's text into 4646bis.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:15 06/09/28, Doug Ewell wrote:
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that the script is always used for the language except in a few highly restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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s-Script is that the script is always used for the language except in a few highly restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 00:51 06/09/28, John Cowan wrote:

>rm      Raeto-Romance          Latn

I can definitely confirm that Raeto-Romance is written in Latin.
Although this was some time ago, I have spent altogether quite a
few weeks in areas where Raeto-Romance was the primary languge.
Never was any other script than Latin used.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Being a Tatar (OK to call me Bashqort too i guess), and not having lived
in all of these places i'd still like to save a few Languages from
delettion from unicode site, plus a few more comments. Please see my
humble feedback below (i tried to phrase sentences i was less sure about
in a way that wouldn't put my credibility on the line):

Mark Davis yazm=C4=B1=C5=9F:
> If you are going to do any analysis of the differences, please take a
> look also at my message of
...
> [ba] ;  Bashkir ;       [Cyrl] ;
The native spelling of the language in English would be: Bashqort.
> [ce] ;  Chechen ;       [Cyrl] ;
This gets into politics, but while Chechen republic was de-facto
independent, AFAIK, the official alphabet was Latn.
> [kaa] ; Karakalpak ;    [Cyrl]
The native spelling is: Qaraqalpaq. Latn has been becoming official
sicne 1991, but according to wiki slower than in Uzbekistan in general.
> [krc] ; Karachay ;      [Cyrl]
The native spelling is: Qarachay. I don't know first hand, but what i'm
reading is Qarachay and Balqar (Malqar) are almost the same (two letters
are different in some suffixes or something like that; probably less
differences than between Tatar and Bashqort), and the name that refers
to both of them is Alan language. Also there are projects of adopting
Latin, but not sure if it's just intelligentsia or majority of
electronic usage, etc.
> ??? ;   Balkar ;        [Cyrl]
I tend to think that Balqar is Qarachay spelling, and Malqar is the
native way to say this. See above for references to Alan language, as a
cumulative name, and Latn topic. Both are fairly intelligible to Tatars.
> ??? ;   Buryat ;        [Cyrl]
Is a variation of Mongol.
> ??? ;   Khakass ;       [Cyrl]
Is a Turkic language, but from what i'm reading there's only 65K
speakers left. Might be endangered.
> ??? ;   Tuva ;  [Cyrl]
Is a Turkic language. I tend to think native spelling in English would
be: Tywa.

P.S. I'll try to keep up if there's more discussion on these, but
forgive me in advance if i miss something. ;)

- --
My public GPG key (ID 0x262839AF) is at: http://keyserver.veridis.com:113=
71
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John Cowan yazm=C4=B1=C5=9F:
> Mark Davis scripsit:
>=20
>> In particular, I had asked on this list if anyone knew anything about
>> the couple of dozen purported languages at the end for which Magda
>> couldn't find 639-3 language codes. Hearing no response, we will
>> probably just remove them from the Unicode site as bogus. =20
>=20
> Google search of www.ethnologue.com is your friend.
>=20
...
Looks like my feedback is just a partial confirmation on John's feedback.

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Being a Tatar (OK to call me Bashqort too i guess), and not having lived
in all of these places i'd still like to save a few Languages from
delettion from unicode site, plus a few more comments. Please see my
humble feedback below (i tried to phrase sentences i was less sure about
in a way that wouldn't put my credibility on the line):

Mark Davis yazm=C4=B1=C5=9F:
> If you are going to do any analysis of the differences, please take a
> look also at my message of
...
> [ba] ;  Bashkir ;       [Cyrl] ;
The native spelling of the language in English would be: Bashqort.
> [ce] ;  Chechen ;       [Cyrl] ;
This gets into politics, but while Chechen republic was de-facto
independent, AFAIK, the official alphabet was Latn.
> [kaa] ; Karakalpak ;    [Cyrl]
The native spelling is: Qaraqalpaq. Latn has been becoming official
sicne 1991, but according to wiki slower than in Uzbekistan in general.
> [krc] ; Karachay ;      [Cyrl]
The native spelling is: Qarachay. I don't know first hand, but what i'm
reading is Qarachay and Balqar (Malqar) are almost the same (two letters
are different in some suffixes or something like that; probably less
differences than between Tatar and Bashqort), and the name that refers
to both of them is Alan language. Also there are projects of adopting
Latin, but not sure if it's just intelligentsia or majority of
electronic usage, etc.
> ??? ;   Balkar ;        [Cyrl]
I tend to think that Balqar is Qarachay spelling, and Malqar is the
native way to say this. See above for references to Alan language, as a
cumulative name, and Latn topic. Both are fairly intelligible to Tatars.
> ??? ;   Buryat ;        [Cyrl]
Is a variation of Mongol.
> ??? ;   Khakass ;       [Cyrl]
Is a Turkic language, but from what i'm reading there's only 65K
speakers left. Might be endangered.
> ??? ;   Tuva ;  [Cyrl]
Is a Turkic language. I tend to think native spelling in English would
be: Tywa.

P.S. I'll try to keep up if there's more discussion on these, but
forgive me in advance if i miss something. ;)

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John Cowan yazm=C4=B1=C5=9F:
> Mark Davis scripsit:
>=20
>> In particular, I had asked on this list if anyone knew anything about
>> the couple of dozen purported languages at the end for which Magda
>> couldn't find 639-3 language codes. Hearing no response, we will
>> probably just remove them from the Unicode site as bogus. =20
>=20
> Google search of www.ethnologue.com is your friend.
>=20
...
Looks like my feedback is just a partial confirmation on John's feedback.

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 02:51:20 2006
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I've finished the text for draft-4645bis-00, but haven't yet moved it 
into xml2rfc or added references.

Below is the text I propose for the Abstract and the first five 
sections, excluding the Registry data itself, the References section, 
and the required boilerplate.  Please read it and make any comments.  I 
hope to submit a version generated by xml2rfc in the next day or two.

As before, the prototype Registry built using these rules is available 
at:

http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.txt
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/lstreg-4646bis.zip

-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----

RFC 4645bis
Update to the Language Subtag Registry


Abstract

This memo defines the procedure used to update the IANA Language Subtag 
Registry in conjunction with the publication of [draft-4646bis], for use 
in forming tags for the identification of languages.  As an 
Internet-Draft, it also contained the complete updated contents of the 
Registry.  To prevent confusion, this material was removed before 
publication.


1.  Introduction

[RFC4646] provided for a Language Subtag Registry and described its 
format.  The initial contents of the Registry and rules for determining 
them were specified in [RFC4645].

[draft-4646bis] expands on [RFC4646] by adding support for almost 7,200 
primary and extended language subtags based on [ISO639-3] alpha-3 code 
elements.  This memo describes the process of updating the Registry to 
include these additional subtags, and to make secondary changes to the 
Registry that result from adding the new subtags.

In its initial phase as an Internet-Draft, this memo also contained the 
complete updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry.  The purpose 
was to deliver a complete, revised Registry to the Internet Assigned 
Numbers Authority (IANA), replacing the previous version.  This content 
was deleted from this memo prior to publication as an RFC.

The format of the Language Subtag Registry, and the definition and 
intended purpose of each of the fields, are described in 
[draft-4646bis].

The Registry is expected to change over time, as new subtags are 
registered and existing subtags are modified or deprecated.  The process 
of updating the Registry is described in Section 3 of [draft-4646bis]. 
In its Internet-Draft stage, this memo did not define the permanent 
contents of the Registry and should not be represented as doing so.

Many of the subtags defined in the Language Subtag Registry are based on 
code elements defined in [ISO639-1], [ISO639-2], [ISO639-3], 
[ISO3166-1], [ISO15924], and [UN_M.49].  The Registry is not a mirror of 
the code lists defined by the standards and should not be used as one.


2.  Updating the Registry

This section describes the process for determining the updated contents 
of the Language Subtag Registry.

2.1.  Starting point

The version of the Language Subtag Registry that was current at the time 
of IESG approval of this memo served as the starting point for this 
update.  The process of creating that version was described in 
[RFC4645].

The source data for [ISO639-3] used for this update consisted of two 
files, [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] and 
[iso-dis-639-3-macrolanguages_20060922], available from the official 
site of the ISO 639-3 Registration Authority.  [RFC EDITOR NOTE: this 
information is expected to be updated before approval of this memo.]

â€¢ [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] is a list of all language code elements in 
[ISO639-3], including the alpha-3 code element and inverted name for 
each code element.  For example, the entry for Northwestern Kolami 
contained the code element â€œkfbâ€ and the name â€œKolami, Northwesternâ€ 
(among other things).

â€¢ [iso-dis-639-3-macrolanguages_20060922] is a list of all alpha-3 code 
elements for languages that are contained within a macrolanguage in 
[ISO639-3], together with the alpha-3 code element for the 
macrolanguage.  For example, a line containing the code elements â€œmonâ€ 
and â€œkhkâ€ indicated that the macrolanguage â€œMongolianâ€ includes the 
individual language â€œMongolian, Halhâ€.  (Note that these alpha-3 code 
elements may not have corresponded directly to subtags in the Registry, 
which uses 2-letter subtags derived from [ISO639-1] when possible.)

The value of the File-Date field and of the Added date for each new 
subtag record are set to a date near the date of IESG approval of this 
memo.


2.2.  New subtags

For each language in [ISO639-3] that was not already represented by a 
primary language subtag in the Language Subtag Registry, a new subtag 
was added to the Registry, using the [ISO639-3] code element as the 
value for the Subtag field and the inverted name as the value for the 
Description field.  The following rules were used to determine whether 
to add a primary or extended language subtag:

â€¢ If the language was included within a macrolanguage, an extended 
language subtag was added, with the primary language subtag of the 
macrolanguage as the value for the Prefix field.

â€¢ If the name of the language included the words â€œSign Languageâ€, an 
extended language subtag was added, with the string â€œsgnâ€ as the value 
for the Prefix field.  This is a special case that treats the existing 
primary language subtag for â€œSign Languagesâ€ as if it were a 
macrolanguage encompassing all sign languages.  (Note that â€œsgnâ€ is 
defined as a â€œcollection codeâ€ by [ISO639-3] and hence not included in 
that standard.)

â€¢ Otherwise, a primary language subtag was added.

As a special case, the code elements â€œdiqâ€ (Dimli) and â€œkiuâ€ (Kirmanjki) 
were added as extended language subtags, with â€œzzaâ€ as their 
Preferred-Value, even though [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] did not include an 
entry for code element â€œzzaâ€ (because it was released before â€œzzaâ€ was 
added to [ISO639-2]).

All subtags were added to the Registry maintaining alphabetical order 
within each type of tag: all â€œlanguageâ€ subtags first, followed by all 
â€œextlangâ€ subtags.  No existing records were moved.

For consistency with naming changes that were reported to have been 
implemented in [ISO639-3], but were not yet present in 
[iso-dis-639-3_20060421], the following additional transformations were 
applied to language names before applying them as Description fields:

â€¢ If the name listed in [ISO639-3] included the substring â€œ(generic)â€, 
the substring and preceding space were deleted.

â€¢ If the name included the substring â€œ(specific)â€, the substring was 
replaced by the string â€œ(macrolanguage)â€.  The sole exception to this 
rule was â€œZande (specific)â€, which was left unchanged because a primary 
language subtag for â€œZandeâ€ already existed and neither was a 
macrolanguage.


2.3.  Modified subtags

For each language in [ISO639-3] that was already represented by a 
primary language subtag in the Language Subtag Registry, but whose name 
in [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] did not exactly match the value for one of 
the Description fields of that subtag, the name from 
[iso-dis-639-3_20060421] was added as a new Description field after the 
existing Description fields.  This principle was followed even when the 
only difference between the names was that one was inverted and the 
other was not, or that one contained a country name or other string in 
parentheses (to distinguish it from another language of the same name) 
and the other did not.

Names from [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] were transformed as listed in 
Section 2.2.  If the resulting name after the transformation exactly 
matched an existing Description field, it was not added.

No existing Description fields were changed or deleted.  As a special 
case, the capitalization of the Subtag field for redundant tag â€œyi-latnâ€ 
was changed to â€œyi-Latnâ€, for consistency with the capitalization 
conventions described in [draft-4646bis], Section 2.1.


2.4.  Grandfathered and redundant tags

As stated in [draft-4646bis], â€œgrandfatheredâ€ and â€œredundantâ€ tags are 
complete tags in the Language Subtag Registry that were registered under 
[RFC1766] or [RFC3066] and remain valid.  Grandfathered tags cannot be 
generated from a combination of valid subtags, while â€œredundantâ€ tags 
can.

Under certain conditions, registration of a subtag under [draft-4646bis] 
may cause a grandfathered tag to be reclassified as redundant.  It may 
also enable the creation of a generative tag with the same meaning as a 
grandfathered or redundant tag; in that case, the grandfathered or 
redundant tag is marked as Deprecated, and the generative tag (including 
the new subtag) becomes its Preferred-Value.

As a result of adding the new subtags in this update, the following 
grandfathered tags became composable and were reclassified as redundant:

â€¢ zh-cmn
â€¢ zh-cmn-Hans
â€¢ zh-cmn-Hant
â€¢ zh-gan
â€¢ zh-wuu
â€¢ zh-yue

The following grandfathered tags were deprecated, with the indicated 
generative tag serving as the Preferred-Value:

â€¢ i-ami (Preferred-Value: ami)
â€¢ i-bnn (Preferred-Value: bnn)
â€¢ i-pwn (Preferred-Value: pwn)
â€¢ i-tao (Preferred-Value: tao)
â€¢ i-tay (Preferred-Value: tay)
â€¢ i-tsu (Preferred-Value: tsu)
â€¢ sgn-CH-de (Preferred-Value: sgn-sgg)
â€¢ zh-hakka (Preferred-Value: zh-hak)
â€¢ zh-min (no Preferred-Value; see below)
â€¢ zh-min-nan (Preferred-Value: zh-nan)
â€¢ zh-xiang (Preferred-Value: zh-hns)

The tag â€œzh-minâ€ is a special case: it represents a small class of 
languages, but is not a true macrolanguage.  It could not ever become a 
generative tag since the [ISO639-3] code element â€œminâ€ is assigned to an 
individual language (Minangkabau) that is not related to Chinese (â€œzhâ€). 
Because it does not represent a useful linguistic distinction for 
tagging purposes, It was deprecated without a Preferred-Value.

The following redundant sign-language tags were deprecated, with the 
indicated generative tag serving as the Preferred-Value:

â€¢ sgn-BR (Preferred-Value: sgn-bzs)
â€¢ sgn-CO (Preferred-Value: sgn-csn)
â€¢ sgn-DE (Preferred-Value: sgn-gsg)
â€¢ sgn-DK (Preferred-Value: sgn-dsl)
â€¢ sgn-ES (Preferred-Value: sgn-ssp)
â€¢ sgn-FR (Preferred-Value: sgn-fsl)
â€¢ sgn-GB (Preferred-Value: sgn-bfi)
â€¢ sgn-GR (Preferred-Value: sgn-gss)
â€¢ sgn-IE (Preferred-Value: sgn-isg)
â€¢ sgn-IT (Preferred-Value: sgn-ise)
â€¢ sgn-JP (Preferred-Value: sgn-jsl)
â€¢ sgn-MX (Preferred-Value: sgn-mfs)
â€¢ sgn-NI (Preferred-Value: sgn-ncs)
â€¢ sgn-NL (Preferred-Value: sgn-dse)
â€¢ sgn-NO (Preferred-Value: sgn-nsl)
â€¢ sgn-PT (Preferred-Value: sgn-psr)
â€¢ sgn-SE (Preferred-Value: sgn-swl)
â€¢ sgn-US (Preferred-Value: sgn-ase)
â€¢ sgn-ZA (Preferred-Value: sgn-sfs)

A Comments field was added to each of the deprecated grandfathered and 
redundant tags, with a value in the form:

â€œreplaced by ISO code xxxâ€

where â€œxxxâ€ represents the new primary or extended language subtag 
(derived from [ISO639-3]) that caused the tag to become deprecated.  A 
similar comment was exceptionally added to the entry for the 
grandfathered tag â€œzh-guoyuâ€, which was already deprecated.  These 
comments were added for consistency with other grandfathered tags in the 
Registry.

No change was made to the Description field(s) for any of the 
grandfathered or redundant tags.  For example, the redundant tag 
 â€œsgn-USâ€ continues to carry the Description â€œAmerican Sign Languageâ€. 
The sign language tags registered prior to [RFC4646] remain an exception 
to the general principle that the meaning of a non-grandfathered tag can 
be derived from its component subtags.


3.  Updated Registry Contents

The remainder of this section specified the updated set of records for 
the Language Subtag Registry.  This material was deleted before 
publication of this memo, to avoid any potential confusion with the 
Registry itself. The IANA Language Subtag Registry can be found at 
http://www.iana.org/numbers.html under "Language Tags."

[RFC EDITOR NOTE: the remainder of this section is to be deleted upon 
publication.]

The updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry follow.  This data 
is intended as a complete replacement for the current contents of the 
Registry.  The Registry begins with the line that starts with the string 
"File-Date" and continues to the end of this section. Headers, footers, 
line breaks, and other vertical whitespace introduced by the RFC process 
are not significant. Leading horizontal whitespace relative to the 
"File-Date" line indicates a continued line in the record-jar format, 
and must not be deleted.

<<insert Registry contents here>>


4.  Security Considerations

This document specifies the complete updated contents to be used by IANA 
in populating the Language Subtag Registry.  For security considerations 
relevant to the Registry and the use of language tags, see 
[draft-4646bis].


5.  IANA Considerations

In its initial phase as an Internet-Draft, this memo contained the 
complete updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry.  As an RFC, 
it contains a pointer to the updated content for the Registry, which is 
maintained by IANA.  The Language Subtag Registry can be found at 
<http://www.iana.org/numbers.html> under â€œLanguage Tagsâ€.  For details 
on the procedures for the format and ongoing maintenance of this 
Registry, see [draft-4646bis].

-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages


_______________________________________________
Ltru mailing list
Ltru@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru



From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 03:38:41 2006
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From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
To: <ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no>,
	"'Frank Ellermann'" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Cc: 'Michael Everson' <everson@evertype.com>,
	'LTRU Working Group' <ltru@ietf.org>, ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
Subject: [Ltru] RE: frr, fy, ngo, tt
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Hi Mark
=20
The following link will take you to the ISO 639-3 code list.  The final
letter in this link can be changed (a-z) to give you the corresponding
languages in alphabetical order.  This makes it very easy to check the =
data
- assuming the same name has been used.=20
=20
http://www.sil.org/iso639%2D3/codes.asp?order=3Dname
<http://www.sil.org/iso639%2D3/codes.asp?order=3Dname&name=3Dname&letter=3D=
b>
&name=3Dname&letter=3Db
=20
Best regards
=20
Debbie


  _____ =20

From: ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no
[mailto:ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no] On Behalf Of Mark Davis
Sent: 27 September 2006 23:40
To: Frank Ellermann
Cc: Michael Everson; LTRU Working Group; ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
Subject: Re: frr, fy, ngo, tt


If you are going to do any analysis of the differences, please take a =
look
also at my message of=20


From: Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>	 Mailed-By: gmail.com=09

Subject: Re: Languages and Scripts

which contained a listing of differences between the CLDR data and other
Unicode data that we would like to reconcile. I repeat the data below.=20

In particular, I had asked on this list if anyone knew anything about =
the
couple of dozen purported languages at the end for which Magda couldn't =
find
639-3 language codes. Hearing no response, we will probably just remove =
them
from the Unicode site as bogus.=20

[abq] ; Abaza ; [Cyrl] ;
[ady] ; Adygei ;        [Cyrl] ;
[ain] ; Ainu ;  [Kana]; [Latn] ;
[amo] ; Amo ;   [Latn] ;
[av] ;  Avar (Avaric?) ;        [Cyrl] ;
[awa] ; Awadhi ;        [Deva] ;
[ba] ;  Bashkir ;       [Cyrl] ;=20
[bbc] ; Batak toba ;    [Batk]*; [Latn] ;
[bfq] ; Badaga ;        [Taml] ;
[bft] ; Balti ; [Deva] ;        [Removed Balti]
[bfy] ; Bagheli ;       [Deva] ;
[bh] ;  Bihari ;        [Deva] ;
[bhb] ; Bhili ; [Deva] ;=20
[bho] ; Bhojpuri ;      [Deva] ;
[bjj] ; Kanauji ;       [Deva] ;
[bku] ; Buhid ; [Buhd] ;
[br] ;  Breton ;        [Latn] ;
[bra] ; Braj bhasha ;   [Deva] ;
[btk] ; Batak ; [Batk]*, [Latn] ;
[btv] ; Bateri (aka Bhatneri)  ;        [Deva] ;=20
[ccp] ; Chakma ;        [Beng]; ;       [Removed Chakma]
[ce] ;  Chechen ;       [Cyrl] ;
[chm] ; Mari ;  [Cyrl]; [Latn] ;
[cjs] ; Shor ;  [Cyrl] ;
[co] ;  Corsican ;      [Latn] ;
[cop] ; Coptic ;        [Arab]; [Copt] ;        "[Added Grek, but is =
that
right now?]"=20
[cr] ;  Cree ;  [Cans]; [Latn] ;
[cv] ;  Chuvash ;       [Cyrl] ;
[dar] ; Dargwa ;        [Cyrl] ;
[en] ;  English ;       [Latn] ;        "[Had Shavian and Deseret, but =
those
never
had any significant usage]"=20
[evn] ; Evenki ;        [Cyrl] ;
[gag] ; Gagauz ;        [Cyrl] ;
[gbm] ; Garhwali ;      [Deva]
[gd] ;  Gaelic ;        [Latn]
[gld] ; Nanai ; [Cyrl]
[gon] ; Gondi ; [Deva]; [Telu]
[grt] ; Garo ;  [Beng]=20
[hmn] ; Hmong ; [Latn]; [Hmng]*
[hnn] ; Hanun=F3o ;       [Latn]; [Hano]
[hoc] ; Ho ;    [Deva]
[hoj] ; Harauti ;       [Deva]
[hop] ; Hopi ;  [Latn]
[hy] ;  Armenian ;      [Armn]; [Syrc]*
[ibb] ; Ibibio ;        [Latn]=20
[id] ;  Indonesian ;    "[Arab]*, [Latn]"
[ik] ;  I=F1upiaq ;       [Latn]
[inh] ; Ingush ;        [Arab]; [Latn]
[jv] ;  Javanese ;      [Latn]; [Java]*
[kaa] ; Karakalpak ;    [Cyrl]
[kac]? ;        Kachchi ;       [Deva]=20
[kbd] ; Kabardian ;     [Cyrl]
[kca] ; Khanty ;        [Cyrl]
[kdt] ; Kuy ;   Thai
[kha] ; Khasi ; [Latn]; [Beng]
[kht] ; Khamti ;        [Mymr]
[kr] ;  Kanuri ;        [Latn]
[krc] ; Karachay ;      [Cyrl]=20
[krl] ; Karelian ;      [Latn]; [Cyrl]
[kv] ;  Komi ;  [Cyrl]; [Latn]
[ky] ;  Kirghiz ;       [Arab]*; [Latn]; [Cyrl]
[lad] ; Ladino ;        [Hebr]
[lbe] ; Lak ;   [Cyrl]
[lcp] ; "Lawa, western" ;       Thai=20
[lep] ; Lepcha ;        [Lepc]*
[lez] ; Lezghian (Lezghi?) ;    [Cyrl]
[li]? ; Limbu ; [Deva]; [Limb]
[lis] ; Lisu ;  "Lisu (Fraser)*, [Latn]"
[lmn] ; Lambadi ;       [Telu]
[lut] ; Lushootseed ;   [Latn]=20
[lwl] ; "Lawa, eastern" ;       Thai
[mnc] ; Manchu ;        [Mong]
[mni] ; Meitei ;        "Meetai Mayek*, [Beng]"
[mns] ; Mansi ; [Cyrl]
[mnw] ; Mon ;   [Mymr]
[muw] ; Mundari ;       [Beng]; [Deva]=20
[mwr] ; Marwari ;       [Deva]
[nbf] ; Naxi ;  Naxi*
[new] ; Newari ;        "[Deva]; Ranjana, Parachalit"
[nog] ; Nogai ; [Cyrl]
[nv] ;  Navajo ;        [Latn]
[om] ;  Oromo ; [Ethi]*; [Latn] ;       "[According to wikipedia, Ethi =
usage
is old"=20
[os] ;  Ossetic ;       [Cyrl]; [Latn] ;
[pi] ;  Pali ;  [Sinh]; [Deva]; [Thai] ;
[prd] ; Parsi-dari ;    [Arab] ;
[prg] ; Prussian ;      [Latn] ;
[ro] ;  Romanian ;      [Latn]; [Cyrl]* ;
[rom] ; Romany ;        [Cyrl]; [Latn] ;=20
[sa] ;  Sanskrit ;      [Sinh]; [Deva]; etc. ;  [CLDR doesn't do 'etc': =
what
is the exact list: all modern Indic scripts + Sinhala?]
[sah] ; Yakut ; [Cyrl] ;
[sat] ; Santali ;       [Deva]; [Beng]; [Orya]; [Olck]* ;=20
[sel] ; Selkup ;        [Cyrl] ;
[shn] ; Shan ;  [Mymr] ;
[smi] ; Sami ;  [Cyrl]; [Latn] ;        [Is Cyrl common?]
[smp] ; Samaritan ;     [Hebr] ;        [Removed Samaritan*
[sn] ;  Shona ; [Latn] ;
[syl] ; Sylhetti ;      [Sylo]; [Beng] ;=20
[tab] ; Tabasaran ;     [Cyrl] ;
[tbw] ; Tagbanwa ;      [Latn];  ;      [Removed Tagbanwa]
[tcy] ; Tulu ;  [Knda] ;
[tl] ;  Tagalog ;       [Latn]; [Tglg] ;        [It appears that Tglg is =
not
in modern use]=20
[tru] ; Turoyo ;        [Syrc] ;
[ttt] ; Tat ;   [Cyrl] ;
[tut] ; Altai (Altaic?) ;       [Cyrl] ;
[ty] ;  Tahitian ;      [Latn] ;
[udm] ; Udmurt ;        [Cyrl]; [Latn] ;
[ug] ;  Uighur ;        [Arab]; [Latn]; [Cyrl] ;        "[adds Latn, =
Cyrl;
is the=20
latter common?  Removed Uighur]"
[vi] ;  Vietnamese ;    [Latn]; Chu Nom ;       [Chu Nom would be Hani*]
[xal] ; Kalmyk ;        [Cyrl] ;
[xsr] ; Sherpa ;        [Deva] ;
[yrk] ; Nenets ;        [Cyrl] ;=20

# Missing Language Codes

??? ;   Aisor ; [Cyrl]
??? ;   Assyrian (modern) ;     [Syrc]
??? ;   Bahasa ;        [Latn]
??? ;   Balear ;        [Latn]
??? ;   Balkar ;        [Cyrl]
??? ;   Bugis ; [Bugi]=20
??? ;   Buryat ;        [Cyrl]
??? ;   Cham ;  [Cham]*
??? ;   Chhattisgarhi ; [Deva]
??? ;   Chukchi ;       [Cyrl]
??? ;   Dungan ;        [Cyrl]
??? ;   Edo ;   [Latn]
??? ;   Garshuni ;      [Syrc]=20
??? ;   Gascon ;        [Latn]
??? ;   Judezmo ;       [Hebr]
??? ;   Kankan ;        [Deva]
??? ;   Khakass ;       [Cyrl]
??? ;   Koryak ;        [Cyrl]
??? ;   Lapp ;  [Latn]
??? ;   Mordvin ;       [Cyrl]=20
??? ;   Naga ;  [Latn]; [Beng]
??? ;   Riang ; [Beng]
??? ;   Swadaya ;       [Syrc]
??? ;   Tamazight ;     [Tfng], [Latn]
??? ;   Tsalagi ;       (see Cherokee)
??? ;   Tuva ;  [Cyrl]
??? ;   Udekhe ;        [Cyrl]=20


On 9/27/06, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:=20

John Cowan wrote:

> I'll post (some of) the current state of things shortly.

Here's a list of 67 differences between LTRU and CLDR 1.4

Lines where LTRU has no script and CLDR more than one are
most probably sane, but anything else should be checked:=20

lang aa  ltru      cldr Latn
lang ak  ltru      cldr Latn
lang az  ltru      cldr Arab Cyrl Latn
lang bo  ltru      cldr Tibt
lang cr  ltru      cldr Cans Latn
lang ee  ltru      cldr Latn
lang fy  ltru      cldr Latn=20
lang gd  ltru      cldr Latn
lang ha  ltru      cldr Arab Latn
lang ho  ltru      cldr Latn
lang ia  ltru      cldr Latn
lang ig  ltru      cldr Latn
lang iu  ltru      cldr Cans Cyrl Latn
lang ja  ltru      cldr Hani Hira Kana=20
lang ko  ltru      cldr Hang Hani
lang ks  ltru      cldr Arab Deva
lang ku  ltru      cldr Arab Cyrl Latn
lang kw  ltru      cldr Latn
lang ky  ltru      cldr Arab Cyrl
lang mi  ltru      cldr Latn
lang mn  ltru      cldr Cyrl Mong
lang mo  ltru Latn cldr Cyrl Latn
lang ms  ltru Latn cldr Arab Latn
lang oc  ltru      cldr Latn
lang os  ltru      cldr Latn
lang pa  ltru Guru cldr Arab Guru
lang rm  ltru      cldr Latn=20
lang sa  ltru      cldr Deva
lang sd  ltru      cldr Arab Deva
lang se  ltru      cldr Latn
lang sh  ltru      cldr Latn
lang sr  ltru      cldr Cyrl Latn
lang tg  ltru      cldr Arab Cyrl Latn
lang tk  ltru      cldr Arab Cyrl Latn=20
lang tr  ltru Latn cldr Arab Latn
lang tt  ltru      cldr Cyrl
lang ug  ltru      cldr Arab
lang uz  ltru      cldr Arab Cyrl Latn
lang yo  ltru      cldr Latn
lang zh  ltru      cldr Bopo Hani Hans Hant=20
lang bal ltru      cldr Arab Latn
lang byn ltru      cldr Ethi
lang cch ltru      cldr Latn
lang chr ltru      cldr Cher Latn
lang cop ltru      cldr Arab Copt
lang fil ltru      cldr Latn
lang fiu ltru      cldr Latn=20
lang fur ltru      cldr Latn
lang gaa ltru      cldr Latn
lang gez ltru      cldr Ethi
lang gsw ltru      cldr Latn
lang haw ltru      cldr Latn
lang kaj ltru      cldr Latn
lang kam ltru      cldr Latn=20
lang kcg ltru      cldr Latn
lang kfo ltru      cldr Latn
lang kpe ltru      cldr Latn
lang sid ltru      cldr Latn
lang sma ltru      cldr Latn
lang smi ltru      cldr Latn
lang smj ltru      cldr Latn=20
lang smn ltru      cldr Latn
lang sms ltru      cldr Latn
lang syr ltru      cldr Syrc
lang tet ltru      cldr Latn
lang tig ltru      cldr Ethi
lang wal ltru      cldr Ethi


_______________________________________________=20
Ietf-languages mailing list
Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
<http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages>=20




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<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1561" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D515503407-28092006>Hi=20
Mark</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D515503407-28092006></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D515503407-28092006>The=20
following link will take you to the ISO 639-3 code list.&nbsp; The final =
letter=20
in this link can be changed (a-z)&nbsp;to give you the corresponding =
languages=20
in alphabetical order.&nbsp; This makes it very easy to check the data - =

assuming the same name has been used.&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://www.sil.org/iso639%2D3/codes.asp?order=3Dname&amp;name=3Dn=
ame&amp;letter=3Db">http://www.sil.org/iso639%2D3/codes.asp?order=3Dname&=
amp;name=3Dname&amp;letter=3Db</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D515503407-28092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>Best=20
regards</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D515503407-28092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D515503407-28092006><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Debbie</FONT></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft>
  <HR tabIndex=3D-1>
  <FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2><B>From:</B> =
ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no=20
  [mailto:ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Mark =

  Davis<BR><B>Sent:</B> 27 September 2006 23:40<BR><B>To:</B> Frank=20
  Ellermann<BR><B>Cc:</B> Michael Everson; LTRU Working Group;=20
  ietf-languages@alvestrand.no<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: frr, fy, ngo,=20
  tt<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
  <DIV></DIV>If you are going to do any analysis of the differences, =
please take=20
  a look also at my message of <BR><BR>
  <TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D"100%">
    <TBODY>
    <TR>
      <TD style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 80%; TEXT-INDENT: 4px" noWrap>From: <B=20
        id=3D_user_mark.davis@icu-project.org>Mark Davis &lt;<A=20
        =
href=3D"mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">mark.davis@icu-project.org</A>=
&gt;</B></TD>
      <TD style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 65%" noWrap align=3Dright>Mailed-By: <B><A =

        =
href=3D"http://gmail.com">gmail.com</A></B></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BR>=

  <DIV class=3Dmhl>Subject: <B>Re: Languages and =
Scripts</B></DIV><BR>which=20
  contained a listing of differences between the CLDR data and other =
Unicode=20
  data that we would like to reconcile. I repeat the data below. =
<BR><BR>In=20
  particular, I had asked on this list if anyone knew anything about the =
couple=20
  of dozen purported languages at the end for which Magda couldn't find =
639-3=20
  language codes. Hearing no response, we will probably just remove them =
from=20
  the Unicode site as bogus. <BR><BR>[abq] ; Abaza ; [Cyrl] ;<BR>[ady] ; =
Adygei=20
  ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ;<BR>[ain] ; Ainu ; &nbsp;[Kana]; =
[Latn]=20
  ;<BR>[amo] ; Amo ; &nbsp; [Latn] ;<BR>[av] ; &nbsp;Avar (Avaric?) ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ;<BR>[awa] ; Awadhi ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Deva] ;<BR>[ba] ; &nbsp;Bashkir ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl] ; =

  <BR>[bbc] ; Batak toba ; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Batk]*; [Latn] ;<BR>[bfq] ; =
Badaga ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Taml] ;<BR>[bft] ; Balti ; [Deva] ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Removed Balti]<BR>[bfy] ; Bagheli ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
[Deva]=20
  ;<BR>[bh] ; &nbsp;Bihari ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Deva] =
;<BR>[bhb] ;=20
  Bhili ; [Deva] ; <BR>[bho] ; Bhojpuri ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Deva] =
;<BR>[bjj]=20
  ; Kanauji ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Deva] ;<BR>[bku] ; Buhid ; [Buhd] =
;<BR>[br]=20
  ; &nbsp;Breton ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn] ;<BR>[bra] ; Braj =
bhasha ;=20
  &nbsp; [Deva] ;<BR>[btk] ; Batak ; [Batk]*, [Latn] ;<BR>[btv] ; Bateri =
(aka=20
  Bhatneri) &nbsp;; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Deva] ; <BR>[ccp] ; =
Chakma ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Beng]; ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Removed=20
  Chakma]<BR>[ce] ; &nbsp;Chechen ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl] =
;<BR>[chm] ;=20
  Mari ; &nbsp;[Cyrl]; [Latn] ;<BR>[cjs] ; Shor ; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ;<BR>[co] =
;=20
  &nbsp;Corsican ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn] ;<BR>[cop] ; Coptic ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Arab]; [Copt] ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;"[Added Grek,=20
  but is that right now?]" <BR>[cr] ; &nbsp;Cree ; &nbsp;[Cans]; [Latn]=20
  ;<BR>[cv] ; &nbsp;Chuvash ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl] ;<BR>[dar] ; =
Dargwa ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ;<BR>[en] ; &nbsp;English ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; [Latn] ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;"[Had Shavian and Deseret, =
but=20
  those never<BR>had any significant usage]" <BR>[evn] ; Evenki ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ;<BR>[gag] ; Gagauz ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Cyrl]=20
  ;<BR>[gbm] ; Garhwali ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Deva]<BR>[gd] ; =
&nbsp;Gaelic ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>[gld] ; Nanai ; [Cyrl]<BR>[gon] ; =
Gondi ;=20
  [Deva]; [Telu]<BR>[grt] ; Garo ; &nbsp;[Beng] <BR>[hmn] ; Hmong ; =
[Latn];=20
  [Hmng]*<BR>[hnn] ; Hanun=F3o ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Latn]; =
[Hano]<BR>[hoc] ; Ho=20
  ; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Deva]<BR>[hoj] ; Harauti ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  [Deva]<BR>[hop] ; Hopi ; &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>[hy] ; &nbsp;Armenian ; =
&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Armn]; [Syrc]*<BR>[ibb] ; Ibibio ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Latn]=20
  <BR>[id] ; &nbsp;Indonesian ; &nbsp; &nbsp;"[Arab]*, [Latn]"<BR>[ik] ; =

  &nbsp;I=F1upiaq ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Latn]<BR>[inh] ; Ingush ; =
&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Arab]; [Latn]<BR>[jv] ; &nbsp;Javanese ; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Latn]; [Java]*<BR>[kaa] ; Karakalpak ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>[kac]? ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Kachchi ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Deva] =
<BR>[kbd] ;=20
  Kabardian ; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl]<BR>[kca] ; Khanty ; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>[kdt] ; Kuy ; &nbsp; Thai<BR>[kha] ; Khasi ; [Latn];=20
  [Beng]<BR>[kht] ; Khamti ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Mymr]<BR>[kr] ; =

  &nbsp;Kanuri ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>[krc] ; Karachay ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] <BR>[krl] ; Karelian ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]; =

  [Cyrl]<BR>[kv] ; &nbsp;Komi ; &nbsp;[Cyrl]; [Latn]<BR>[ky] ; =
&nbsp;Kirghiz ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Arab]*; [Latn]; [Cyrl]<BR>[lad] ; Ladino ; =
&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Hebr]<BR>[lbe] ; Lak ; &nbsp; [Cyrl]<BR>[lcp] ; "Lawa, =
western"=20
  ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Thai <BR>[lep] ; Lepcha ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Lepc]*<BR>[lez] ; Lezghian (Lezghi?) ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>[li]? ;=20
  Limbu ; [Deva]; [Limb]<BR>[lis] ; Lisu ; &nbsp;"Lisu (Fraser)*,=20
  [Latn]"<BR>[lmn] ; Lambadi ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Telu]<BR>[lut] ;=20
  Lushootseed ; &nbsp; [Latn] <BR>[lwl] ; "Lawa, eastern" ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  Thai<BR>[mnc] ; Manchu ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Mong]<BR>[mni] ; =
Meitei ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;"Meetai Mayek*, [Beng]"<BR>[mns] ; Mansi ;=20
  [Cyrl]<BR>[mnw] ; Mon ; &nbsp; [Mymr]<BR>[muw] ; Mundari ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; [Beng]; [Deva] <BR>[mwr] ; Marwari ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  [Deva]<BR>[nbf] ; Naxi ; &nbsp;Naxi*<BR>[new] ; Newari ; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;"[Deva]; Ranjana, Parachalit"<BR>[nog] ; Nogai ; [Cyrl]<BR>[nv] =
;=20
  &nbsp;Navajo ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>[om] ; &nbsp;Oromo =
;=20
  [Ethi]*; [Latn] ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "[According to wikipedia, Ethi =
usage is=20
  old" <BR>[os] ; &nbsp;Ossetic ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl]; [Latn] =
;<BR>[pi]=20
  ; &nbsp;Pali ; &nbsp;[Sinh]; [Deva]; [Thai] ;<BR>[prd] ; Parsi-dari ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Arab] ;<BR>[prg] ; Prussian ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn] =
;<BR>[ro] ;=20
  &nbsp;Romanian ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]; [Cyrl]* ;<BR>[rom] ; =
Romany ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl]; [Latn] ; <BR>[sa] ; &nbsp;Sanskrit =
; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Sinh]; [Deva]; etc. ; &nbsp;[CLDR doesn't do 'etc': =
what<BR>is=20
  the exact list: all modern Indic scripts + Sinhala?]<BR>[sah] ; Yakut =
; [Cyrl]=20
  ;<BR>[sat] ; Santali ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Deva]; [Beng]; [Orya]; =
[Olck]* ;=20
  <BR>[sel] ; Selkup ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ;<BR>[shn] ; =
Shan ;=20
  &nbsp;[Mymr] ;<BR>[smi] ; Sami ; &nbsp;[Cyrl]; [Latn] ; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Is Cyrl common?]<BR>[smp] ; Samaritan ; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Hebr] ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Removed Samaritan*<BR>[sn] ; &nbsp;Shona ; [Latn] =

  ;<BR>[syl] ; Sylhetti ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Sylo]; [Beng] ; <BR>[tab] =
;=20
  Tabasaran ; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl] ;<BR>[tbw] ; Tagbanwa ; &nbsp; &nbsp; =

  &nbsp;[Latn]; &nbsp;; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Removed Tagbanwa]<BR>[tcy] =
; Tulu ;=20
  &nbsp;[Knda] ;<BR>[tl] ; &nbsp;Tagalog ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Latn]; =
[Tglg] ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[It appears that Tglg is not in modern use] =

  <BR>[tru] ; Turoyo ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Syrc] ;<BR>[ttt] ; =
Tat ;=20
  &nbsp; [Cyrl] ;<BR>[tut] ; Altai (Altaic?) ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
[Cyrl]=20
  ;<BR>[ty] ; &nbsp;Tahitian ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn] ;<BR>[udm] ; =
Udmurt ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl]; [Latn] ;<BR>[ug] ; &nbsp;Uighur ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Arab]; [Latn]; [Cyrl] ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;"[adds=20
  Latn, Cyrl; is the <BR>latter common? &nbsp;Removed Uighur]"<BR>[vi] ; =

  &nbsp;Vietnamese ; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]; Chu Nom ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
[Chu=20
  Nom would be Hani*]<BR>[xal] ; Kalmyk ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Cyrl]=20
  ;<BR>[xsr] ; Sherpa ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Deva] ;<BR>[yrk] ; =
Nenets ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl] ; <BR><BR># Missing Language=20
  Codes<BR><BR>??? ; &nbsp; Aisor ; [Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Assyrian =
(modern) ;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; [Syrc]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Bahasa ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Balear ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Latn]<BR>???=20
  ; &nbsp; Balkar ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; =
Bugis ;=20
  [Bugi] <BR>??? ; &nbsp; Buryat ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>??? ;=20
  &nbsp; Cham ; &nbsp;[Cham]*<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Chhattisgarhi ; =
[Deva]<BR>??? ;=20
  &nbsp; Chukchi ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Dungan ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Edo ; &nbsp; [Latn]<BR>??? =
; &nbsp;=20
  Garshuni ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Syrc] <BR>??? ; &nbsp; Gascon ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Judezmo ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  [Hebr]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Kankan ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Deva]<BR>??? ;=20
  &nbsp; Khakass ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Koryak ; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Lapp ; &nbsp;[Latn]<BR>??? =
; &nbsp;=20
  Mordvin ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Cyrl] <BR>??? ; &nbsp; Naga ; =
&nbsp;[Latn];=20
  [Beng]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Riang ; [Beng]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Swadaya ; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; [Syrc]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Tamazight ; &nbsp; &nbsp; [Tfng], =
[Latn]<BR>???=20
  ; &nbsp; Tsalagi ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (see Cherokee)<BR>??? ; &nbsp; =
Tuva ;=20
  &nbsp;[Cyrl]<BR>??? ; &nbsp; Udekhe ; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;[Cyrl]=20
  <BR><BR>
  <DIV><SPAN class=3Dgmail_quote>On 9/27/06, <B =
class=3Dgmail_sendername>Frank=20
  Ellermann</B> &lt;<A=20
  =
href=3D"mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</A>&gt;=
=20
  wrote:</SPAN>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">John=20
    Cowan wrote:<BR><BR>&gt; I'll post (some of) the current state of =
things=20
    shortly.<BR><BR>Here's a list of 67 differences between LTRU and =
CLDR=20
    1.4<BR><BR>Lines where LTRU has no script and CLDR more than one =
are<BR>most=20
    probably sane, but anything else should be checked: <BR><BR>lang=20
    aa&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    ak&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    az&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab Cyrl =

    Latn<BR>lang =
bo&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Tibt<BR>lang =
cr&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Cans=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
ee&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
fy&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn=20
    <BR>lang gd&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
ha&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
ho&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
ia&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
ig&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
iu&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Cans=20
    Cyrl Latn<BR>lang =
ja&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Hani Hira Kana <BR>lang=20
    ko&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Hang =
Hani<BR>lang=20
    ks&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab =
Deva<BR>lang=20
    ku&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab Cyrl =

    Latn<BR>lang =
kw&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
ky&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab=20
    Cyrl<BR>lang =
mi&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
mn&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Cyrl=20
    Mong<BR>lang mo&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru Latn cldr Cyrl Latn<BR>lang=20
    ms&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru Latn cldr Arab Latn<BR>lang=20
    oc&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    os&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    pa&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru Guru cldr Arab Guru<BR>lang=20
    rm&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn =
<BR>lang=20
    sa&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Deva<BR>lang=20
    sd&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab =
Deva<BR>lang=20
    se&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    sh&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    sr&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Cyrl =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    tg&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab Cyrl =

    Latn<BR>lang =
tk&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab=20
    Cyrl Latn <BR>lang tr&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru Latn cldr Arab Latn<BR>lang=20
    tt&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Cyrl<BR>lang=20
    ug&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Arab<BR>lang=20
    uz&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab Cyrl =

    Latn<BR>lang =
yo&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Latn<BR>lang =
zh&nbsp;&nbsp;ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Bopo=20
    Hani Hans Hant <BR>lang bal =
ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Arab Latn<BR>lang byn ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Ethi<BR>lang cch ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr =
Latn<BR>lang=20
    chr ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Cher Latn<BR>lang =
cop=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Arab Copt<BR>lang fil=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang fiu=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn <BR>lang fur=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang gaa=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang gez=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Ethi<BR>lang gsw=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang haw=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang kaj=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang kam=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn <BR>lang kcg=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang kfo=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang kpe=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang sid=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang sma=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang smi=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang smj=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn <BR>lang smn=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang sms=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang syr=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Syrc<BR>lang tet=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Latn<BR>lang tig=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr Ethi<BR>lang wal=20
    ltru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cldr=20
    Ethi<BR><BR><BR>_______________________________________________=20
    <BR>Ietf-languages mailing list<BR><A=20
    =
href=3D"mailto:Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no">Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no=
</A><BR><A=20
    =
href=3D"http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages">http://=
www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages=20
    </A><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: Masayasu Ishikawa <mimasa@w3.org>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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Martin Duerst wrote:

> Speaking about Japanese, I'm quite surprised that we don't have
>     Supress-script: Jpan
> at
>     Type: language
>     Subtag: ja
>     Description: Japanese
>     Added: 2005-10-16
> When something is tagged ja, the assumption is that it's written in
> Kanji-Kana mixture, because that's how Japanese is written.

In many cases yes, but you can find quite a few exceptions.
For example, "Ishikawa" in romaji is Japanese, even if it is
written in Latin script, and I used the language tag "ja" in
quite a few places for that.  With RFC 4646 I could use "ja-Latn"
in that case, but anyway, there's more than one way to write
Japanese and I wouldn't simply assume that "ja" means "written
in Kanji-Kana mixture".

-- 
Masayasu Ishikawa


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 06:43:08 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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Hello Masayasu,

At 18:24 06/09/28, Masayasu Ishikawa wrote:
>Martin Duerst wrote:
>
>> Speaking about Japanese, I'm quite surprised that we don't have
>>     Supress-script: Jpan
>> at
>>     Type: language
>>     Subtag: ja
>>     Description: Japanese
>>     Added: 2005-10-16
>> When something is tagged ja, the assumption is that it's written in
>> Kanji-Kana mixture, because that's how Japanese is written.
>
>In many cases yes, but you can find quite a few exceptions.
>For example, "Ishikawa" in romaji is Japanese, even if it is
>written in Latin script, and I used the language tag "ja" in
>quite a few places for that. With RFC 4646 I could use "ja-Latn"
>in that case, but anyway, there's more than one way to write
>Japanese and I wouldn't simply assume that "ja" means "written
>in Kanji-Kana mixture".

I guess this makes sense. But my guess is that this is on a
micro level. On that level, the main usages of the information
are e.g. for text-to-speach. What you want is that your name
is pronounced in the Japanese way rather than the way an
English (or some other language) speaker would pronounce it.
The characters are there in the data, so tagging the script
would actually be overkill, either redundant or contradictory.

I think this is an interesting aspect of language tagging that
maybe we should mention in the RFC 4646bis: The script can
be left out if it's obvious from the data. This would just
be a special case of John's "tag wisely" general principle.
This in my view doesn't justify to not use Jpan as a supress-
script, but it gives you the licence to just use ja even if
ja-Latn would be more precise.

I think the main use case for suppress-script is for things
such as whole-document search: You don't want to have to look
into each document to check what script(s) it uses. In that
case, to me the only reasonable way for things to work is that
ja means "Japanese, as usually written (Kanji-Kana mixture),
and ja-Latn is used for romanized documents (except for learning
material, and some stuff in the early years of computer use,
I haven't seen a single ja-Latn document, and I look at
Japanese all day).

Would you agree with this analysis?

Regards,      Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 08:07:29 2006
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On the ietf-languages mailing list, I learned that some ISO standards
are available online:

http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/

One which is interesting to us is 5218 "Codes for the representation
of human sexes" which normalizes:

Data elements  Code
Not known      0 (zero)
Male           1 (one)
Female         2 (two)
Not applicable 9 (nine)

It is a shame we cannot encode this information in language tags. I
suggest, for RFC 4646bis to add:

   sex        = 1DIGIT                 ; ISO 5218 code

so we accept fr-1 to mean "french spoken by a man" or zh-2 (chinese as
spoken by a woman).

It is strange that Jefsey Morfin did not propose this already.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 09:00:47 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese) (was: Re: Suppress-Script batch 1)
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> Speaking about Japanese, I'm quite surprised that we don't have
>    Supress-script: Jpan
> at
>    Type: language
>    Subtag: ja
>    Description: Japanese
>    Added: 2005-10-16

That's easy: Jpan was added to ISO 15924 this past July, after we went 
through our first round of adding Suppress-Scripts in bulk, and nobody 
thought to add it to ja.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 09:08:44 2006
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> it needs to be confirmed that such a request relates to
>> actual usage, and is not a "test" of the system or an
>> attempt to "prove" something about the system or its
>> participants or related SDOs.
>
> 1: The intended cleanup of the missing Suppress-Scripts did
>   not work so far.

I think it safe to say there are signficant differences of opinion about 
what it means to "clean these up."

> 2: What's okay for ngo should be also okay for fy and frr.

I see your point that it was inconsistent to say we should only add 
Suppress-Script for language subtags that existed under RFC 3066, and 
then to add it for the new subtag 'nqo' in June.

> 3: I consider statements that my registration request for
>   frr was a bad faith effort as insulting.

It's certainly not as bad as proposing a subtag to try to demonstrate a 
conflict between this group and SDOs or other groups (especially when 
such a conflict doesn't exist).  As it turns out, we have had ample 
oppotrunity over the past year to make a variety of changes to the 
Registry, so there is no longer a need to "test the system" -- it's been 
tested and some of the "opportunities for improvement" have become 
apparent.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 09:45:23 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] UK redux (was: Re: langauge vs. locale)
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Marion Gunn <mgunn at egt dot ie> wrote:

>>> -- otherwise one couldn't distinguish between en-US and en-UK 
>>> content.
>>
>> en-GB
>
> Explain that to people in my country with addresses ending in uk.:-(
>
> (Not really asking Doug to explain, only praying for him to come over 
> to the side of the light.)

Whether or not I personally agree that UK should be the ISO 3166-1 code 
element for the United Kingdom is not the point.

We use *assigned* code elements, past and present, from ISO 3166-1 as 
region subtags.  We do not use their exceptionally reserved, 
transitionally reserved, indeterminately reserved, or otherwise unused 
code elements, except those that were *assigned* to a country name at 
some point since 1988.  This is a simple rule that avoids most 
accusations of arbitrary or discriminatory "cherry-picking."

When ISO 3166/MA decides to assign -- not "reserve" -- UK as a code 
element, I will be happy to support adding it to the Registry, in 
accordance with the rules.  The same goes for any other pair of letters.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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As a routine matter, the new address of Jefsey Morfin has been blocked 
from posting on the list.

                  Harald, listadmin

Wentry System wrote:
>
> I copy this important exchange with my premiminary note to most of the 
> people I know who are interested in the language diversity issue. This 
> is a long post. However the exchange is between the two certainly most 
> competent and key persons in the area and deals with the most 
> important point for language digital support. 
> All the best.
> jfc


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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
 
> fr-1 to mean "french spoken by a man" or zh-2 (chinese as
> spoken by a woman).

That could get extension "s", extension "l" is for locations,
en-scouse-l-airport = "Scouse as spoken on airports".  Joke
off, no issue, 4646 requires "IETF consensus" for extensions.



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Martin Duerst wrote:

> an interesting aspect of language tagging that maybe we
> should mention in the RFC 4646bis: The script can be left
> out if it's obvious from the data.

I don't get this, "language tagging is unnecessary if the
language is obvious from the data" would be a very similar
statement.  What's "obvious" about a script in the age of
Unicode ?  Of course the script should be left out if it's
irrelevant (spoken content), but that's another case.

> This in my view doesn't justify to not use Jpan as a
> supress-script, but it gives you the licence to just use
> ja even if ja-Latn would be more precise.

Legacy applications and content don't need a licence, they
couldn't use ja-Latn before it was specified.  And they'll
continue to use ja until they are upgraded to 4646 or its
successor(s), that could take decades (plural).

All new applications better use a tag ja-Latn where that's
relevant.  And the same new applications need a licence to
suppress Jpan in ja-Jpan for backwards compatibility, they
need your proposed Suppress-Script.

Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Sep 28 21:32:03 2006
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Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2006 18:32:00 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: ltru@lists.ietf.org
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Subject: [Ltru] Small fix to text on Suppress Script
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Frank's message brought up an issue -- the following text should be changed
in Addison's copy.

This field indicates a script used to write the
   overwhelming majority of documents for the given language and that
   therefore adds no distinguishing information to a language tag.  It
no => little
   helps ensure greater compatibility between the language tags
   generated according to the rules in this document and language tags
   and tag processors or consumers based on RFC 3066.  For example,
   virtually all Icelandic documents are written in the Latin script,
   making the subtag 'Latn' redundant in the tag "is-Latn".
=> making the subtag 'Latn' in "is-Latn" redundant in all typical cases.

The text further down is ok, since it is correctly qualified to "most
applications".

       The
       field 'Suppress-Script' in the primary language record in the
       registry indicates which script subtags do not add distinguishing
       information for most applications.

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Frank's message brought up an issue -- the following text should be changed in Addison's copy.<br><br><pre>This field indicates a script used to write the<br>   overwhelming majority of documents for the given language and that
<br>   therefore adds no distinguishing information to a language tag.  It<br>no =&gt; little<br>   helps ensure greater compatibility between the language tags<br>   generated according to the rules in this document and language tags
<br>   and tag processors or consumers based on RFC 3066.  For example,<br>   virtually all Icelandic documents are written in the Latin script,<br>   making the subtag 'Latn' redundant in the tag &quot;is-Latn&quot;.<br>
<span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;">=&gt; </span>making the subtag 'Latn' in &quot;is-Latn&quot; redundant in all typical cases.<br><br><span>The text further down is ok, since it is correctly qualified to &quot;most applications&quot;.
<br></span><br>       The<br>       field 'Suppress-Script' in the primary language record in the<br>       registry indicates which script subtags do not add distinguishing<br>       information for most applications.&nbsp;</pre>

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Mark Davis wrote:

> You're reading into the spec rules that don't exist;
> Suppress-Script is a SHOULD not a MUST.
[...]
>> All new applications better use a tag ja-Latn where
>> that's relevant.
------------------------^^^^^^^^^^
This "better use" reflects the meaning of a SHOULD, or
are you talking about something else ?

See also <http://purl.net/xyzzy/kex/mustard.kex> :-)



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Mark Davis scripsit:

> What Martin was pointing out is that in situations like this, I can
> externally verify programmatically that E and F are incorrect; libraries
> that use the Unicode Character Database (like ICU and others) can
> determine that there are characters in the span that are not Japn and
> there are characters in F that are not Latn.

Well, only probabilistically.  An English text is still in Latn even
if (like the one I'm reading now) it contains the occasional Greek word
in the Greek script.  For that matter, it's still in English even
though there are occasional quotations in German.

-- 
What is the sound of Perl?  Is it not the       John Cowan
sound of a [Ww]all that people have stopped     cowan@ccil.org
banging their head against?  --Larry            http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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On Thu, 28 Sep 2006, Martin Duerst wrote:
> On that level, the main usages of the information
> are e.g. for text-to-speach. What you want is that your name
> is pronounced in the Japanese way rather than the way an
> English (or some other language) speaker would pronounce it.
> The characters are there in the data, so tagging the script
> would actually be overkill, either redundant or contradictory.

Interesting point.

So I assume that means that "karaoke" tagged as ja-Latn would be 
pronounced (somewhat like "kah-rah-oh-kay" to an English speaker), whereas 
"karaoke" tagged as "en" would be pronounced as "kerry-oh-key"?  :-)

-- Mark --

http://panda.com/mrc
Democracy is two wolves and a sheep deciding what to eat for lunch.
Liberty is a well-armed sheep contesting the vote.

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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> fr-1 to mean "french spoken by a man" or zh-2 (chinese as spoken by a 
>> woman).
>
> That could get extension "s", extension "l" is for locations, 
> en-scouse-l-airport = "Scouse as spoken on airports".  Joke off, no 
> issue, 4646 requires "IETF consensus" for extensions.

ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4589.txt

Location types could easily be divided into 8-character blocks, to fit 
the syntax.  It is strange that this hasn't already been... ah, never 
mind.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 03:32:37 2006
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I've submitted the text version of draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00 to 
Internet-Drafts.  It's been checked with idnits and weighs in at over 
800,000 bytes and 884 pages.

Below is the text, with the Registry contents snipped (as they will be 
before the draft becomes an RFC).  Full, uncut versions of this file are 
available at:

http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.txt
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.html
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.xml

Please note there are no links from my home page to these documents. 
I'll add them when I get time.

Do NOT attempt to print these documents unless you own stock in a paper 
mill.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14

-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----cut here-----8<-----

LTRU                                                       D. Ewell, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                Consultant
Intended status: Informational                        September 28, 2006
Expires: April 1, 2007


                 Update to the Language Subtag Registry
                       draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00

Status of this Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
   aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 1, 2007.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).

Ewell                     Expires April 1, 2007                 [Page 1]

Internet-Draft   Update to the Language Subtag Registry   September 2006


Abstract

   This memo defines the procedure used to update the IANA Language
   Subtag Registry in conjunction with the publication of RFC 4646bis
   [RFC EDITOR NOTE: replace with actual RFC number], for use in forming
   tags for the identification of languages.  As an Internet-Draft, it
   also contained the complete updated contents of the Registry.  To
   prevent confusion, this material was removed before publication.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Updating the Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.1.  Starting Point  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.2.  New Subtags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.3.  Modified Subtags  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.4.  Grandfathered and Redundant Tags  . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   3.  Updated Registry Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   4.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879
   5.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880
   6.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881
     6.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881
     6.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881
   Author's Address  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements  . . . . . . . . . 884

Ewell                     Expires April 1, 2007                 [Page 2]

Internet-Draft   Update to the Language Subtag Registry   September 2006


1.  Introduction

   [RFC4646] provided for a Language Subtag Registry and described its
   format.  The initial contents of the Registry and rules for
   determining them were specified in [RFC4645].

   [draft-4646bis] expands on [RFC4646] by adding support for almost
   7,200 primary and extended language subtags based on [ISO639-3]
   alpha-3 code elements.  This memo describes the process of updating
   the Registry to include these additional subtags, and to make
   secondary changes to the Registry that result from adding the new
   subtags.

   In its initial phase as an Internet-Draft, this memo also contained
   the complete updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry.  The
   purpose was to deliver a complete, revised Registry to the Internet
   Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), replacing the previous version.
   This content was deleted from this memo prior to publication as an
   RFC.

   The format of the Language Subtag Registry, and the definition and
   intended purpose of each of the fields, are described in
   [draft-4646bis].

   The Registry is expected to change over time, as new subtags are
   registered and existing subtags are modified or deprecated.  The
   process of updating the Registry is described in Section 3 of
   [draft-4646bis].  In its Internet-Draft phase, this memo did not
   define the permanent contents of the Registry and should not be
   represented as doing so.

   Many of the subtags defined in the Language Subtag Registry are based
   on code elements defined in [ISO639-1], [ISO639-2], [ISO639-3],
   [ISO3166-1], [ISO15924], and [UN_M.49].  The Registry is not a mirror
   of the code lists defined by the standards and should not be used as
   one.

Ewell                     Expires April 1, 2007                 [Page 3]

Internet-Draft   Update to the Language Subtag Registry   September 2006


2.  Updating the Registry

   This section describes the process for determining the updated
   contents of the Language Subtag Registry.

2.1.  Starting Point

   The version of the Language Subtag Registry that was current at the
   time of IESG approval of this memo served as the starting point for
   this update.  The process of creating that version was described in
   [RFC4645].

   The source data for [ISO639-3] used for this update consisted of two
   files, [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] and
   [iso-dis-639-3-macrolanguages_20060922], available from the official
   site of the ISO 639-3 Registration Authority.  [RFC EDITOR NOTE: this
   information is expected to be updated before approval of this memo.]

   o  [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] is a list of all language code elements
      in [ISO639-3], including the alpha-3 code element and inverted
      name for each code element.  For example, the entry for
      Northwestern Kolami contained the code element "kfb" and the name
      "Kolami, Northwestern" (among other things).

   o  [iso-dis-639-3-macrolanguages_20060922] is a list of all alpha-3
      code elements for languages that are contained within a
      macrolanguage in [ISO639-3], together with the alpha-3 code
      element for the macrolanguage.  For example, a line containing the
      code elements "mon" and "khk" indicated that the macrolanguage
      "Mongolian" includes the individual language "Mongolian, Halh".
      (Note that these alpha-3 code elements may not have corresponded
      directly to subtags in the Registry, which uses 2-letter subtags
      derived from [ISO639-1] when possible.)

   The value of the File-Date field and of the Added date for each new
   subtag record are set to a date near the date of IESG approval of
   this memo.

2.2.  New Subtags

   For each language in [ISO639-3] that was not already represented by a
   primary language subtag in the Language Subtag Registry, a new subtag
   was added to the Registry, using the [ISO639-3] code element as the
   value for the Subtag field and the inverted name as the value for the
   Description field.  The following rules were used to determine
   whether to add a primary or extended language subtag:

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   o  If the language was included within a macrolanguage, an extended
      language subtag was added, with the primary language subtag of the
      macrolanguage as the value for the Prefix field.

   o  If the name of the language included the words "Sign Language", an
      extended language subtag was added, with the string "sgn" as the
      value for the Prefix field.  This is a special case that treats
      the existing primary language subtag for "Sign Languages" as if it
      were a macrolanguage encompassing all sign languages.  (Note that
      "sgn" is defined as a "collection code" by [ISO639-3] and hence
      not included in that standard.)

   o  Otherwise, a primary language subtag was added.

   As a special case, the code elements "diq" (Dimli) and "kiu"
   (Kirmanjki) were added as extended language subtags, with "zza" as
   their Preferred-Value, even though [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] did not
   include an entry for code element "zza" (because it was released
   before "zza" was added to [ISO639-2]).

   All subtags were added to the Registry maintaining alphabetical order
   within each type of tag: all "language" subtags first, followed by
   all "extlang" subtags.  No existing records were moved.

   For consistency with naming changes that were reported to have been
   implemented in [ISO639-3], but were not yet present in
   [iso-dis-639-3_20060421], the following additional transformations
   were applied to language names before applying them as Description
   fields:

   o  If the name listed in [ISO639-3] included the substring
      "(generic)", the substring and preceding space were deleted.

   o  If the name included the substring "(specific)", the substring was
      replaced by the string "(macrolanguage)".  The sole exception to
      this rule was "Zande (specific)", which was left unchanged because
      a primary language subtag for "Zande" already existed and neither
      was a macrolanguage.

2.3.  Modified Subtags

   For each language in [ISO639-3] that was already represented by a
   primary language subtag in the Language Subtag Registry, but whose
   name in [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] did not exactly match the value for
   one of the Description fields of that subtag, the name from
   [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] was added as a new Description field after
   the existing Description fields.  This principle was followed even
   when the only difference between the names was that one was inverted

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   and the other was not, or that one contained a country name or other
   string in parentheses (to distinguish it from another language of the
   same name) and the other did not.

   Names from [iso-dis-639-3_20060421] were transformed as listed in
   Section 2.2.  If the resulting name after the transformation exactly
   matched an existing Description field, it was not added.

   No existing Description fields were changed or deleted.  As a special
   case, the capitalization of the Subtag field for redundant tag "yi-
   latn" was changed to "yi-Latn", for consistency with the
   capitalization conventions described in Section 2.1 of
   [draft-4646bis].

2.4.  Grandfathered and Redundant Tags

   As stated in [draft-4646bis], "grandfathered" and "redundant" tags
   are complete tags in the Language Subtag Registry that were
   registered under [RFC1766] or [RFC3066] and remain valid.
   Grandfathered tags cannot be generated from a combination of valid
   subtags, while "redundant" tags can.

   Under certain conditions, registration of a subtag under
   [draft-4646bis] may cause a grandfathered tag to be reclassified as
   redundant.  It may also enable the creation of a generative tag with
   the same meaning as a grandfathered or redundant tag; in that case,
   the grandfathered or redundant tag is marked as Deprecated, and the
   generative tag (including the new subtag) becomes its Preferred-
   Value.

   As a result of adding the new subtags in this update, the following
   grandfathered tags became composable and were reclassified as
   redundant:

      zh-cmn

      zh-cmn-Hans

      zh-cmn-Hant

      zh-gan

      zh-wuu

      zh-yue

   The following grandfathered tags were deprecated, with the indicated
   generative tag serving as the Preferred-Value:

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      i-ami (Preferred-Value: ami)

      i-bnn (Preferred-Value: bnn)

      i-pwn (Preferred-Value: pwn)

      i-tao (Preferred-Value: tao)

      i-tay (Preferred-Value: tay)

      i-tsu (Preferred-Value: tsu)

      sgn-CH-de (Preferred-Value: sgn-sgg)

      zh-hakka (Preferred-Value: zh-hak)

      zh-min (no Preferred-Value; see below)

      zh-min-nan (Preferred-Value: zh-nan)

      zh-xiang (Preferred-Value: zh-hns)

   The tag "zh-min" is a special case: it represents a small class of
   languages, but is not a true macrolanguage.  It could not ever become
   a generative tag since the [ISO639-3] code element "min" is assigned
   to an individual language (Minangkabau) that is not related to
   Chinese ("zh").  Because it does not represent a useful linguistic
   distinction for tagging purposes, it was deprecated without a
   Preferred-Value.

   The following redundant sign-language tags were deprecated, with the
   indicated generative tag serving as the Preferred-Value:

      sgn-BR (Preferred-Value: sgn-bzs)

      sgn-CO (Preferred-Value: sgn-csn)

      sgn-DE (Preferred-Value: sgn-gsg)

      sgn-DK (Preferred-Value: sgn-dsl)

      sgn-ES (Preferred-Value: sgn-ssp)

      sgn-FR (Preferred-Value: sgn-fsl)

      sgn-GB (Preferred-Value: sgn-bfi)

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      sgn-GR (Preferred-Value: sgn-gss)

      sgn-IE (Preferred-Value: sgn-isg)

      sgn-IT (Preferred-Value: sgn-ise)

      sgn-JP (Preferred-Value: sgn-jsl)

      sgn-MX (Preferred-Value: sgn-mfs)

      sgn-NI (Preferred-Value: sgn-ncs)

      sgn-NL (Preferred-Value: sgn-dse)

      sgn-NO (Preferred-Value: sgn-nsl)

      sgn-PT (Preferred-Value: sgn-psr)

      sgn-SE (Preferred-Value: sgn-swl)

      sgn-US (Preferred-Value: sgn-ase)

      sgn-ZA (Preferred-Value: sgn-sfs)

   A Comments field was added to each of the deprecated grandfathered
   and redundant tags, with a value in the form "replaced by ISO code
   xxx", where "xxx" represents the new primary or extended language
   subtag (derived from [ISO639-3]) that caused the tag to become
   deprecated.  A similar comment was exceptionally added to the entry
   for the grandfathered tag "zh-guoyu", which was already deprecated.
   These comments were added for consistency with other grandfathered
   tags in the Registry.

   No change was made to the Description field(s) for any of the
   grandfathered or redundant tags.  For example, the redundant tag
   "sgn-US" continues to carry the Description "American Sign Language".
   The sign language tags registered prior to [RFC4646] remain an
   exception to the general principle that the meaning of a non-
   grandfathered tag can be derived from its component subtags.

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3.  Updated Registry Contents

   The remainder of this section specified the updated set of records
   for the Language Subtag Registry.  This material was deleted before
   publication of this memo, to avoid any potential confusion with the
   Registry itself.  The IANA Language Subtag Registry can be found at
   <http://www.iana.org/numbers.html> under "Language Tags".

   [RFC EDITOR NOTE: the remainder of this section is to be deleted upon
   publication.]

   The updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry follow.  This
   data is intended as a complete replacement for the current contents
   of the Registry.  The Registry begins with the line that starts with
   the string "File-Date" and continues to the end of this section.
   Headers, footers, line breaks, and other vertical whitespace
   introduced by the RFC process are not significant.  Leading
   horizontal whitespace relative to the "File-Date" line indicates a
   continued line in the record-jar format, and must not be deleted.

   << Registry contents deleted >>

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4.  Security Considerations

   This document specifies the complete updated contents to be used by
   IANA in populating the Language Subtag Registry.  For security
   considerations relevant to the Registry and the use of language tags,
   see [draft-4646bis].

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5.  IANA Considerations

   In its initial phase as an Internet-Draft, this memo contained the
   complete updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry.  As an
   RFC, it contains a pointer to the updated content for the Registry,
   which is maintained by IANA.  The Language Subtag Registry can be
   found at <http://www.iana.org/numbers.html> under "Language Tags".
   For details on the procedures for the format and ongoing maintenance
   of this Registry, see [draft-4646bis].

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6.  References

6.1.  Normative References

   [ISO639-3]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO/FDIS
              639-3:2006.  Codes for the representation of names of
              languages -- Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive
              coverage of languages, first edition", 2006.

   [draft-4646bis]
              Phillips, A., Ed. and M. Davis, Ed., "Tags for Identifying
              Languages", September 2006.

   [iso-dis-639-3-macrolanguages_20060922]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO/DIS
              639-3 macrolanguage mappings", September 2006, <http://
              www.sil.org/iso639-3/
              iso-dis-639-3-macrolanguages_20060922.tab>.

   [iso-dis-639-3_20060421]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO/DIS
              639-3 code set", April 2006,
              <http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/iso-dis-639-3_20060421.tab>.

6.2.  Informative References

   [ISO15924]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO
              15924:2004.  Information and documentation -- Codes for
              the representation of names of scripts", January 2004.

   [ISO3166-1]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO 3166:
              1988.  Codes for the representation of names of countries,
              3rd edition", August 1988.

   [ISO639-1]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO 639-
              1:2002.  Codes for the representation of names of
              languages -- Part 1: Alpha-2 code", 2002.

   [ISO639-2]
              International Organization for Standardization, "ISO 639-
              2:1998.  Codes for the representation of names of
              languages -- Part 2: Alpha-3 code, first edition", 1998.

   [RFC1766]  Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of

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              Languages", RFC 1766, March 1995.

   [RFC3066]  Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of
              Languages", RFC 3066, January 2001.

   [RFC4645]  Ewell, D., "Initial Language Subtag Registry", RFC 4645,
              September 2006.

   [RFC4646]  Phillips, A. and M. Davis, "Tags for Identifying
              Languages", BCP 47, RFC 4646, September 2006.

   [UN_M.49]  Statistics Division, United Nations, "Standard Country or
              Area Codes for Statistical Use", UN Standard Country or
              Area Codes for Statistical Use, Revision 4 (United Nations
              publication, Sales No. 98.XVII.9), June 1999.

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Author's Address

   Doug Ewell (editor)
   Consultant

   Email: dewell@adelphia.net
   URI:   http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell

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Full Copyright Statement

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Acknowledgment

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Ewell                     Expires April 1, 2007               [Page 884]


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[Still off-topic but interesting]

On Fri, Sep 29, 2006 at 01:46:01AM +0200,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 9 lines which said:

> That could get extension "s", extension "l" is for locations,
> en-scouse-l-airport = "Scouse as spoken on airports".

It seems that, for some languages and cultures, there *is* a
difference between the language spoken by the men and the one spoken
by the women (see
http://www.ethnologue.com/show_subject.asp?code=WSP).

I'm not aware of differences in speech depending on the location.


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To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Submission: draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00
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Hello Doug,

Congratulations and thanks for this huge work!

At 16:32 06/09/29, Doug Ewell wrote:
>I've submitted the text version of draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00 to Internet-Drafts.  It's been checked with idnits and weighs in at over 800,000 bytes and 884 pages.
>
>Below is the text, with the Registry contents snipped (as they will be before the draft becomes an RFC).  Full, uncut versions of this file are available at:
>
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.txt
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.html
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.xml
>
>Please note there are no links from my home page to these documents. I'll add them when I get time.
>
>Do NOT attempt to print these documents unless you own stock in a paper mill.

Well, it's actually not that bad.  I usually print Internet-Drafts
2-up both sides, and then there is also a little bonus in this part
of the world because the pages are designed for letter format, but
A4 is a bit higher. Overall about 200 pages, which costs about 2$
or so (not that I have done it yet).

Regards,    Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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[Moving to LTRU]

Hi Doug or anyone else,

Please could you explain the reasoning for this.

Thanks,
Misha


-----Original Message-----
From: ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no
[mailto:ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no] On Behalf Of Doug Ewell
Sent: 27 September 2006 06:43
To: ietf-languages@iana.org
Subject: Re: ISO 3166-1 newsletter on Serbia and Montenegro

[...]

We can only deprecate CS this one time.  If ISO 3166/MA=20
re-reused it, for a reunified Serbia and Montenegro [...],=20
we would have to press a UN M.49 3-digit code element into=20
service as a region subtag.  We did that on purpose.

[...]


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 09:28:40 2006
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Misha Wolf scripsit:

> Doug Ewell wrote:
> > We can only deprecate CS this one time.  If ISO 3166/MA 
> > re-reused it, for a reunified Serbia and Montenegro [...], 
> > we would have to press a UN M.49 3-digit code element into 
> > service as a region subtag.  We did that on purpose.
> 
> Please could you explain the reasoning for this.

Sure.  In general, we object very strongly to reused codes; if "en" means
"English" now, it shouldn't mean "French" at some time in the future.
For languages and scripts, the ISO Registration Authorities guarantee
that level of stability.

Country codes are a different story.  There are only 676 possible,
about 10% are taken up by things that are not countries (like EU for
the European Union), and the Maintenance Agency issues a new code
when a country's name changes substantially.  They have reused codes
in the past, and they will have to in the future, although they have
promised henceforth not to reuse a code for at least 50 years after
its abandonment.

Fortunately, each country is assigned a 3-digit number by the U.N., so
if and when a country code *is* reused, we will ignore that and register
the 3-digit number for it instead.  We don't apply this rule when the
code was abandoned before RFC 1766 was published.

CS is a particularly notorious case: it was assigned to Czechoslovakia
and then abandoned when that country broke up, and then was assigned again
(before the 50-year rule) for Serbia & Montenegro and abandoned a second
time when *that* country broke up.  (We decided reluctantly to accept this
*fait accompli* and register the latter assignment.)  If it's assigned a
third time, presumably only in the latter half of this century, the new
assignment will be ignored, and the U.N. numeric code registered instead.

(My remark "hopefully for the last time" was nothing but an ill-timed jest.)

-- 
John Cowan                                   cowan@ccil.org
        "You need a change: try Canada"  "You need a change: try China"
                --fortune cookies opened by a couple that I know

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 09:34:30 2006
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Would it be useful to the group, for evaluation purposes, if I produced 
a diff file containing the changes between the existing Registry and the 
one proposed in draft-4645bis-00?  This would exclude the 7,200 added 
subtags and include only the other changes, such as Descriptions and 
Comments added, grandfathered tags changed to redundant, and such.  I 
know I've relied on such deltas while working on it.

--
Doug Ewell
Fullerton, California, USA
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
RFC 4645  *  UTN #14


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 09:35:24 2006
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From: Misha Wolf <Misha.Wolf@reuters.com>
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	3166-1 newsletter on Serbia and Montenegro]
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John Cowan wrote:

> > Doug Ewell wrote:
> > > We can only deprecate CS this one time.  If ISO 3166/MA=20
> > > re-reused it, for a reunified Serbia and Montenegro [...],=20
> > > we would have to press a UN M.49 3-digit code element into=20
> > > service as a region subtag.  We did that on purpose.
> >=20
> > Please could you explain the reasoning for this.
>=20
> Sure.  In general, we object very strongly to reused codes;=20

Let's consider some case other than "CS".  If Switzerland=20
split into two countries, and five years later the two=20
re-united, is there any reason why ISO and we should not=20
use the original "CH"?

Misha


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 09:43:01 2006
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Misha Wolf scripsit:

> Let's consider some case other than "CS".  If Switzerland 
> split into two countries, and five years later the two 
> re-united, is there any reason why ISO and we should not 
> use the original "CH"?

All recent unifications have been, in fact and in law, the absorption
of one country or de facto country by another.  Thus the situation seems
unlikely to occur in fact.

If a unification re-created a former country exactly, we might bend
our rules, I suppose.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
The present impossibility of giving a scientific explanation is no proof
that there is no scientific explanation. The unexplained is not to be
identified with the unexplainable, and the strange and extraordinary
nature of a fact is not a justification for attributing it to powers
above nature.  --The Catholic Encyclopedia, s.v. "telepathy" (1913)

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 09:48:32 2006
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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> I'm not aware of differences in speech depending on the location.

People do talk differently at home, at the workplace, and in church,
but I don't think the issue rises to the level of language tagging yet.
If someone needed this information (as for tagging a multilingual
speech corpus), either -x- or a registered extension would be appropriate.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://ccil.org/~cowan
Assent may be registered by a signature, a handshake, or a click of a computer
mouse transmitted across the invisible ether of the Internet. Formality
is not a requisite; any sign, symbol or action, or even willful inaction,
as long as it is unequivocally referable to the promise, may create a contract.
       --Specht v. Netscape

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Date: Fri, 29 Sep 2006 07:40:42 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Frank Ellermann" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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I wasn't talking about that. I was talking about your sentence:

"And the same new applications need a licence to
suppress Jpan in ja-Jpan for backwards compatibility, they
need your proposed Suppress-Script."

This is untrue. I need no licence to tag anything as simply 'ja' (instead of
ja-<somescript>), if that's all I want to tag it with.

Mark

On 9/28/06, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:
>
> Mark Davis wrote:
>
> > You're reading into the spec rules that don't exist;
> > Suppress-Script is a SHOULD not a MUST.
> [...]
> >> All new applications better use a tag ja-Latn where
> >> that's relevant.
> ------------------------^^^^^^^^^^
> This "better use" reflects the meaning of a SHOULD, or
> are you talking about something else ?
>
> See also <http://purl.net/xyzzy/kex/mustard.kex> :-)
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
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I wasn't talking about that. I was talking about your sentence:<br><br>&quot;And the same new applications need a licence to<br>suppress Jpan in ja-Jpan for backwards compatibility, they<br>need your proposed Suppress-Script.&quot;
<br><br>This is untrue. I need no licence to tag anything as simply 'ja' (instead of ja-&lt;somescript&gt;), if that's all I want to tag it with.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/28/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">
Frank Ellermann</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Mark Davis wrote:<br><br>&gt; You're reading into the spec rules that don't exist;<br>&gt; Suppress-Script is a SHOULD not a MUST.<br>[...]<br>&gt;&gt; All new applications better use a tag ja-Latn where<br>&gt;&gt; that's relevant.
<br>------------------------^^^^^^^^^^<br>This &quot;better use&quot; reflects the meaning of a SHOULD, or<br>are you talking about something else ?<br><br>See also &lt;<a href="http://purl.net/xyzzy/kex/mustard.kex">http://purl.net/xyzzy/kex/mustard.kex
</a>&gt; :-)<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the Language Tag Registry Update Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Update to the Language Subtag Registry
	Author(s)	: D. Ewell
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00.txt
	Pages		: 884
	Date		: 2006-9-29
	
This memo defines the procedure used to update the IANA Language
Subtag Registry in conjunction with the publication of RFC 4646bis
[RFC EDITOR NOTE: replace with actual RFC number], for use in forming
tags for the identification of languages.  As an Internet-Draft, it
also contained the complete updated contents of the Registry.  To
prevent confusion, this material was removed before publication.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 11:17:37 2006
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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A more realistic (but still, of course, somewhat contrived) example would
be:

"He didn't do it for her beer, he did it for her sake."

It could be interpreted in two ways, depending on whether "sake" was read as
/sek/ or as /sake/. But, of course, the same thing could happen with two
native English words that happen to have different pronunciations, where
language tags wouldn't help to disambiguate.

And when push comes to shove, only in extremely rare instances will people
tag language on a very fine grained level. Frankly, at Google we end up
having to basically disregard language tagging of web pages because it is
so, so often wrong.

Mark

On 9/28/06, Mark Crispin <mrc@cac.washington.edu> wrote:
>
> On Thu, 28 Sep 2006, Martin Duerst wrote:
> > On that level, the main usages of the information
> > are e.g. for text-to-speach. What you want is that your name
> > is pronounced in the Japanese way rather than the way an
> > English (or some other language) speaker would pronounce it.
> > The characters are there in the data, so tagging the script
> > would actually be overkill, either redundant or contradictory.
>
> Interesting point.
>
> So I assume that means that "karaoke" tagged as ja-Latn would be
> pronounced (somewhat like "kah-rah-oh-kay" to an English speaker), whereas
> "karaoke" tagged as "en" would be pronounced as "kerry-oh-key"?  :-)
>
> -- Mark --
>
> http://panda.com/mrc
> Democracy is two wolves and a sheep deciding what to eat for lunch.
> Liberty is a well-armed sheep contesting the vote.
> _______________________________________________
> Ietf-languages mailing list
> Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
>

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A more realistic (but still, of course, somewhat contrived) example would be:<br>
<br>
&quot;He didn't do it for her beer, he did it for her <span style="font-style: italic;">sake</span>.&quot;<br><br>It could be interpreted in two ways, depending on whether &quot;sake&quot; was read as /sek/ or as /sake/. But, of course, the same thing could happen with two native English words that happen to have different pronunciations, where language tags wouldn't help to disambiguate.
<br><br>And when push comes to shove, only in extremely rare instances will people tag language on a very fine grained level. Frankly, at Google we end up having to basically disregard language tagging of web pages because it is so, so often wrong.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/28/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Mark Crispin</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:mrc@cac.washington.edu">mrc@cac.washington.edu</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
On Thu, 28 Sep 2006, Martin Duerst wrote:<br>&gt; On that level, the main usages of the information<br>&gt; are e.g. for text-to-speach. What you want is that your name<br>&gt; is pronounced in the Japanese way rather than the way an
<br>&gt; English (or some other language) speaker would pronounce it.<br>&gt; The characters are there in the data, so tagging the script<br>&gt; would actually be overkill, either redundant or contradictory.<br><br>Interesting point.
<br><br>So I assume that means that &quot;karaoke&quot; tagged as ja-Latn would be<br>pronounced (somewhat like &quot;kah-rah-oh-kay&quot; to an English speaker), whereas<br>&quot;karaoke&quot; tagged as &quot;en&quot; would be pronounced as &quot;kerry-oh-key&quot;?&nbsp;&nbsp;:-)
<br><br>-- Mark --<br><br><a href="http://panda.com/mrc">http://panda.com/mrc</a><br>Democracy is two wolves and a sheep deciding what to eat for lunch.<br>Liberty is a well-armed sheep contesting the vote.<br>_______________________________________________
<br>Ietf-languages mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no">Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no</a><br><a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages">http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 11:45:04 2006
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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Mark Davis scripsit:

> This is untrue. I need no licence to tag anything as simply 'ja' (instead of
> ja-<somescript>), if that's all I want to tag it with.

Quite so.  The point of Suppress-Script: is to discourage pointless "ja-Jpan"
tags, because they damage the language-tag ecology.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://ccil.org/~cowan
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On Fri, 29 Sep 2006, Mark Davis wrote:
> A more realistic (but still, of course, somewhat contrived) example would
> be:
> "He didn't do it for her beer, he did it for her sake."

Indeed.  There is a joke about a sansei named Peter Yamamoto who decided 
to brew sake here in the US, and how people would do anything for Pete's 
sake...

> And when push comes to shove, only in extremely rare instances will people
> tag language on a very fine grained level. Frankly, at Google we end up
> having to basically disregard language tagging of web pages because it is
> so, so often wrong.

I agree.  It isn't just language tagging.  Charset tagging is often also 
wrong.  Some people are under the mistaken impression that the way to tag 
"8-bit content" is to set charset to ISO-8859-1, even though the actual 
content is Korean, etc.

For what it's worth, I just got private email from the mighty Morfin power 
ranger.  I sent back a sharp response telling him not to send me any more 
email.

-- Mark --

http://panda.com/mrc
Democracy is two wolves and a sheep deciding what to eat for lunch.
Liberty is a well-armed sheep contesting the vote.

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> If a unification re-created a former country exactly, we=20
> might bend our rules, I suppose.=20

So how about making sure that RFC 4646bis allows us to do=20
this without rule-bending?

Misha


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 12:40:55 2006
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Date: Fri, 29 Sep 2006 17:39:22 +0100
From: Misha Wolf <Misha.Wolf@reuters.com>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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> Quite so.  The point of Suppress-Script: is to discourage=20
> pointless "ja-Jpan" tags, because they damage the language-tag=20
> ecology.=20

As I may have mentioned previously, for some Japanese data,=20
we hold two versions: one using the full mix of scripts and=20
one using Katakana.  My current intention is that an API call=20
specifying ja-Jpan will return just the former, one specifying=20
ja-Kana will return just the latter, and one specifying ja=20
will return whatever is available.  I know that doesn't quite=20
square with the discussion here, but I can't see another way=20
to do it.

Misha


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 13:31:04 2006
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Misha Wolf scripsit:
> > Quite so.  The point of Suppress-Script: is to discourage 
> > pointless "ja-Jpan" tags, because they damage the language-tag 
> > ecology. 
> 
> As I may have mentioned previously, for some Japanese data, 
> we hold two versions: one using the full mix of scripts and 
> one using Katakana.  My current intention is that an API call 
> specifying ja-Jpan will return just the former, one specifying 
> ja-Kana will return just the latter, and one specifying ja 
> will return whatever is available.  I know that doesn't quite 
> square with the discussion here, but I can't see another way 
> to do it.

Fair enough; I was just using that as an example, and it may well
be a bad one.  (_The Tale of Genji_ is IIRC in jp-Hira.)

-- 
First known example of political correctness:   John Cowan
After Nurhachi had united all the other         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Jurchen tribes under the leadership of the      cowan@ccil.org
Manchus, his successor Abahai (1592-1643)
issued an order that the name Jurchen should       --S. Robert Ramsey,
be banned, and from then on, they were all           The Languages of China
to be called Manchus.

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Doug Ewell scripsit:

>   o  If the language was included within a macrolanguage, an extended

"encompassed by a macrolanguage" is the style used by 639-3.

>   Because it does not represent a useful linguistic
>   distinction for tagging purposes, it was deprecated without a
>   Preferred-Value.

Better to be less forthright:  "Because it is not believed to represent".

>   This document specifies the complete updated contents to be used by
>   IANA in populating the Language Subtag Registry.  

"a complete replacement of the contents of the LSR to be used by IANA in
updating it" makes it clear that this isn't just a complete (as opposed
to partial) *update*, it *replaces* what came before.

>   In its initial phase as an Internet-Draft, this memo contained the
>   complete updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry.  As an

Same story.

>   RFC, it contains a pointer to the updated content for the Registry,

Just "pointer to the Registry".

I may have more comments later.

-- 
John Cowan                              cowan@ccil.org
            http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Humpty Dump Dublin squeaks through his norse
                Humpty Dump Dublin hath a horrible vorse
But for all his kinks English / And his irismanx brogues
                Humpty Dump Dublin's grandada of all rogues.  --Cousin James

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Sep 29 17:39:36 2006
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem of 
> preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required 
> about too many languages. Most languages are customarily written in only 
> one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the 
> script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for 
> languages of limited diffusion.
> 
> By contrast, determining which small number of languages are customarily 
> written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 'customarily'!) is 
> a far easier task.

The trouble is, what's the alternative?  If we went to an Accept-Script:
header specifying a script that works with multiscript languages like
az, then we have two possible tacks:

a) If there are no Accept-Script headers, no script subtags can be used.

b) If there are no Accept-Script headers, any script subtag can be used.

The trouble with (a) is that it defeats the generativity that was one
of the main purposes of RFC 4646.  Instead of just being able to tag
your Cyrillic orthography for Irish as "ga-Cyrl", you have to come to
us hat in hand and ask for it to be registered.  Bad.

The trouble with (b) is that it's not monotonic.  If we learn that
'aa' is often written in 'Aaaa', and we add it to the registry, then
the formerly valid tag "aa-Zzzz" becomes invalid.  Very, very bad,
particularly if "aa-Zzzz" is already in use in the wild.

What's more, almost any language that can be written at all, can be
written in alternative scripts on some occasions.  'Latn' and 'Brai'
are notable candidates.  So we end up having to provide Accept-Script:
headers for most languages anyhow.

> It took a lot of work to arrive at [the Korean] conclusion, no? Why
> are these other languages different?

Because Korean is an edge case: it has moved from complete use of Han
script to a position where Hangul is almost always used but there are
a few domains where Han is still required.  In South Korea, at least,
one must still learn a limited number of Han characters to be
considered literate.  There is nothing comparable for English or
French or German or Igbo or Hebrew.

I'm happy to keep Suppress-Script confined (as a matter of administrative
policy, not RFC 4646bis rule) to the languages of 639-1 and 639-2.

-- 
In politics, obedience and support      John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
are the same thing.  --Hannah Arendt    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Suppress-script considered least harmful
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If I had had my druthers, we would have had a tag that said (perhaps in
nicer language):

Commonly-Multiscript: Yes

We would have marked just those languages that are commonly written with
multiple scripts. That is enough of a signal to people that they don't need
to add script to other language subtags. That is enough information to solve
the compatibility problem ("Which language tags might I normally need to put
a script tag on."). If we wanted to supply just a bit more useful
information, it would be possible to change that slightly to actually name
the scripts, with most commonly used script first.

Common-Scripts: Hans, Hant

> If we learn that
> 'aa' is often written in 'Aaaa', and we add it to the registry, then
> the formerly valid tag "aa-Zzzz" becomes invalid.

Like the current Suppress-Script, *none* of this is a matter of validity.
Any combination of valid language tag and valid script tag is valid; it is
just that certain combinations are discouraged in general use.

Mark

On 9/29/06, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote:
>
> Addison Phillips scripsit:
>
> > It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem of
> > preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required
> > about too many languages. Most languages are customarily written in only
> > one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the
> > script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for
> > languages of limited diffusion.
> >
> > By contrast, determining which small number of languages are customarily
> > written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 'customarily'!) is
> > a far easier task.
>
> The trouble is, what's the alternative?  If we went to an Accept-Script:
> header specifying a script that works with multiscript languages like
> az, then we have two possible tacks:
>
> a) If there are no Accept-Script headers, no script subtags can be used.
>
> b) If there are no Accept-Script headers, any script subtag can be used.
>
> The trouble with (a) is that it defeats the generativity that was one
> of the main purposes of RFC 4646.  Instead of just being able to tag
> your Cyrillic orthography for Irish as "ga-Cyrl", you have to come to
> us hat in hand and ask for it to be registered.  Bad.
>
> The trouble with (b) is that it's not monotonic.  If we learn that
> 'aa' is often written in 'Aaaa', and we add it to the registry, then
> the formerly valid tag "aa-Zzzz" becomes invalid.  Very, very bad,
> particularly if "aa-Zzzz" is already in use in the wild.
>
> What's more, almost any language that can be written at all, can be
> written in alternative scripts on some occasions.  'Latn' and 'Brai'
> are notable candidates.  So we end up having to provide Accept-Script:
> headers for most languages anyhow.
>
> > It took a lot of work to arrive at [the Korean] conclusion, no? Why
> > are these other languages different?
>
> Because Korean is an edge case: it has moved from complete use of Han
> script to a position where Hangul is almost always used but there are
> a few domains where Han is still required.  In South Korea, at least,
> one must still learn a limited number of Han characters to be
> considered literate.  There is nothing comparable for English or
> French or German or Igbo or Hebrew.
>
> I'm happy to keep Suppress-Script confined (as a matter of administrative
> policy, not RFC 4646bis rule) to the languages of 639-1 and 639-2.
>
> --
> In politics, obedience and support      John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
> are the same thing.  --Hannah Arendt    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
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If I had had my druthers, we would have had a tag that said (perhaps in nicer language):<br><br>Commonly-Multiscript: Yes<br><br>We would have marked just those languages that are commonly written with multiple scripts. That is enough of a signal to people that they don't need to add script to other language subtags. That is enough information to solve the compatibility problem (&quot;Which language tags might I normally need to put a script tag on.&quot;). If we wanted to supply just a bit more useful information, it would be possible to change that slightly to actually name the scripts, with most commonly used script first.
<br><br>Common-Scripts: Hans, Hant<br><br>&gt; If we learn that<br>&gt; 'aa' is often written in 'Aaaa', and we add it to the registry, then<br>&gt; the formerly valid tag &quot;aa-Zzzz&quot; becomes invalid.<br><br>Like the current Suppress-Script, *none* of this is a matter of validity. Any combination of valid language tag and valid script tag is valid; it is just that certain combinations are discouraged in general use.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/29/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">John Cowan</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Addison Phillips scripsit:<br><br>&gt; It is exactly why Suppress-Script is an awful solution to the problem of<br>&gt; preventing unwanted script subtags. Too much information is required<br>&gt; about too many languages. Most languages are customarily written in only
<br>&gt; one script, but determining which ones that is true of and what the<br>&gt; script subtag should be is moderately difficult, especially for<br>&gt; languages of limited diffusion.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; By contrast, determining which small number of languages are customarily
<br>&gt; written in more than one script (Note Well: the word 'customarily'!) is<br>&gt; a far easier task.<br><br>The trouble is, what's the alternative?&nbsp;&nbsp;If we went to an Accept-Script:<br>header specifying a script that works with multiscript languages like
<br>az, then we have two possible tacks:<br><br>a) If there are no Accept-Script headers, no script subtags can be used.<br><br>b) If there are no Accept-Script headers, any script subtag can be used.<br><br>The trouble with (a) is that it defeats the generativity that was one
<br>of the main purposes of RFC 4646.&nbsp;&nbsp;Instead of just being able to tag<br>your Cyrillic orthography for Irish as &quot;ga-Cyrl&quot;, you have to come to<br>us hat in hand and ask for it to be registered.&nbsp;&nbsp;Bad.<br><br>The trouble with (b) is that it's not monotonic.&nbsp;&nbsp;If we learn that
<br>'aa' is often written in 'Aaaa', and we add it to the registry, then<br>the formerly valid tag &quot;aa-Zzzz&quot; becomes invalid.&nbsp;&nbsp;Very, very bad,<br>particularly if &quot;aa-Zzzz&quot; is already in use in the wild.
<br><br>What's more, almost any language that can be written at all, can be<br>written in alternative scripts on some occasions.&nbsp;&nbsp;'Latn' and 'Brai'<br>are notable candidates.&nbsp;&nbsp;So we end up having to provide Accept-Script:
<br>headers for most languages anyhow.<br><br>&gt; It took a lot of work to arrive at [the Korean] conclusion, no? Why<br>&gt; are these other languages different?<br><br>Because Korean is an edge case: it has moved from complete use of Han
<br>script to a position where Hangul is almost always used but there are<br>a few domains where Han is still required.&nbsp;&nbsp;In South Korea, at least,<br>one must still learn a limited number of Han characters to be<br>considered literate.&nbsp;&nbsp;There is nothing comparable for English or
<br>French or German or Igbo or Hebrew.<br><br>I'm happy to keep Suppress-Script confined (as a matter of administrative<br>policy, not RFC 4646bis rule) to the languages of 639-1 and 639-2.<br><br>--<br>In politics, obedience and support&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;John Cowan &lt;
<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt;<br>are the same thing.&nbsp;&nbsp;--Hannah Arendt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ccil.org/~cowan">http://www.ccil.org/~cowan</a><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken 
language:

-Section 1-

  "In addition, knowledge about the particular language used by some
  piece of information content might be useful or even required by some
  types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-
  synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print
  renderings."

ADD after previous paragraph?

It is important to note that the language identification needs described 
above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such 
that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written 
interfaces used to access or classify such content.

-Section 2.2.3-

Changes:

2.  <ADD>When applicable,</ADD> script subtags MUST immediately follow the 
primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and MUST occur 
before any other type of subtag described below.

ADD:

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken 
or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not 
applicable to such content.

-Section 4.1-

2.  ...

*  For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary 
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the 
Latin script and it adds no distinguishing
information.  However, if a document were written in English mixing Latin 
script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might be 
appropriate to choose to indicate
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a 
style sheet. <ADD> On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans' should 
not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the 
language appears in written subtitles or captions.</ADD>


I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for 
clarification.

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384





Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> 
09/27/2006 06:48 PM

To
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU 
Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
cc

Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1






Hello Karen,

As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
point that should be documented clearly.

As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
issue forward.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an 
assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features 
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language 
tagging as well. 
>
>Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital 
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and 
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The 
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be 
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the 
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. 
>
>Regards, 
>
>Karen Broome 
>Metadata Systems Designer 
>Sony Pictures Entertainment 
>
>
>
>
>
>"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net> 
>
>09/27/2006 10:15 AM 
>To
>"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org> 
>cc
>Subject
>[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 
>
>
>
>
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that 
>> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly 
>> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly 
>> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when 
>> the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than 
>most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've 
>written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
>
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
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Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken 
language:

-Section 1-

  "In addition, knowledge about the particular language used by some
  piece of information content might be useful or even required by some
  types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-
  synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print
  renderings."

ADD after previous paragraph?

It is important to note that the language identifioyama.ac.jp  


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<br><tt><font size=3>Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis
with spoken language:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>-Section 1-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>&nbsp; &quot;In addition, knowledge about the particular
language used by some<br>
 &nbsp;piece of information content might be useful or even required by
some<br>
 &nbsp;types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-<br>
 &nbsp;synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print<br>
 &nbsp;renderings.&quot;</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>ADD after previous paragraph?</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>It is important to note that the language identification
needs described above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken
language such that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films,
and written interfaces used to access or classify such content.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>-Section 2.2.3-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>Changes:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>2. &nbsp;&lt;ADD&gt;When applicable,&lt;/ADD&gt; script
subtags MUST immediately follow the primary language subtag and all extended
language subtags and MUST occur before any other type of subtag described
below.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>ADD:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>&nbsp; &nbsp;6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used
to identify language that is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script
fields are not applicable to such content.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>-Section 4.1-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>2. &nbsp;...<br>
<br>
* &nbsp;For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
script and it adds no distinguishing<br>
information. &nbsp;However, if a document were written in English mixing
Latin script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might
be appropriate to choose to indicate<br>
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
style sheet. &lt;ADD&gt; On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans'
should not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the
language appears in written subtitles or captions.&lt;/ADD&gt;<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities
for clarification.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>Regards,</font></tt>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>Martin Duerst &lt;duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp&gt;</b>
</font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">09/27/2006 06:48 PM</font>
<td width=59%>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, &quot;Doug
Ewell&quot; &lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt;, &quot;LTRU Working Group&quot;
&lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Hello Karen,<br>
<br>
As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid<br>
point that should be documented clearly.<br>
<br>
As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,<br>
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this<br>
issue forward.<br>
<br>
Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.<br>
<brcation needs described 
above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such 
that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written 
interfaces used to access or classify such content.

-Section 2.2.3-

Changes:

2.  <ADD>When applicable,</ADD> script subtags MUST immediately follow the 
primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and MUST occur 
before any other type of subtag described below.

ADD:

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken 
or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not 
applicable to such content.

-Section 4.1-

2.  ...

*  For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary 
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the 
Latin script and it adds no distinguishing
information.  However, if a document were written in English mixing Latin 
script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might be 
appropriate to choose to indicate
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a 
style sheet. <ADD> On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans' should 
not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the 
language appears in written subtitles or captions.</ADD>


I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for 
clarification.

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384





Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> 
09/27/2006 06:48 PM

To
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU 
Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
cc

Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1






Hello Karen,

As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
point that should be documented clearly.

As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
issue forward.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an 
assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features 
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language 
tagging as well. 
>
>Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital 
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and 
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The 
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be 
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the 
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. 
>
>Regards, 
>
>Karen Broome 
>Metadata Systems Designer 
>Sony Pictures Entertainment 
>
>
>
>
>
>"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net> 
>
>09/27/2006 10:15 AM 
>To
>"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org> 
>cc
>Subject
>[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 
>
>
>
>
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that 
>> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly 
>> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly 
>> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when 
>> the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than 
>most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've 
>written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.a>
At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt;I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward
an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
as well. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Regards, <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Karen Broome <br>
&gt;Metadata Systems Designer <br>
&gt;Sony Pictures Entertainment <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt; <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;09/27/2006 10:15 AM <br>
&gt;To<br>
&gt;&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt; <br>
&gt;cc<br>
&gt;Subject<br>
&gt;[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;John Cowan &lt;cowan at ccil dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is
that <br>
&gt;&gt; the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
<br>
&gt;&gt; restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly <br>
&gt;&gt; transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and
when <br>
&gt;&gt; the standard script is not available.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646. &nbsp;It's better
than <br>
&gt;most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
<br>
&gt;written.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;--<br>
&gt;Doug Ewell &nbsp;* &nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA &nbsp;* &nbsp;RFC
4645 &nbsp;* &nbsp;UTN #14<br>
&gt;http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/<br>
&gt;http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html<br>
&gt;http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;Ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt;https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;Ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt;https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
<br>
<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
&nbsp; &nbsp; <br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list<br>
Ltru@ietf.org<br>
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
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<br><tt><font size=3>Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis
with spoken language:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>-Section 1-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>&nbsp; &quot;In addition, knowledge about the particular
language used by some<br>
 &nbsp;piece of information content might be useful or even required by
some<br>
 &nbsp;types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-<br>
 &nbsp;synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print<br>
 &nbsp;renderings.&quot;</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>ADD after previous paragraph?</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>It is important to note that the language identification
needs described above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken
language such that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films,
and written interfaces used to access or classify such content.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>-Section 2.2.3-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>Changes:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>2. &nbsp;&lt;ADD&gt;When applicable,&lt;/ADD&gt; script
subtags MUST immediately follow the primary language subtag and all extended
language subtags and MUST occur before any other type of subtag described
below.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>ADD:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>&nbsp; &nbsp;6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used
to identify language that is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script
fields are not applicable to such content.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>-Section 4.1-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>2. &nbsp;...<br>
<br>
* &nbsp;For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
script and it adds no distinguishing<br>
information. &nbsp;However, if a document were written in English mixing
Latin script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might
be appropriate to choose to indicate<br>
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
style sheet. &lt;ADD&gt; On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans'
should not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the
language appears in written subtitles or captions.&lt;/ADD&gt;<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities
for clarification.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>Regards,</font></tt>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>Martin Duerst &lt;duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp&gt;</b>
</font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">09/27/2006 06:48 PM</font>
<td width=59%>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, &quot;Doug
Ewell&quot; &lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt;, &quot;LTRU Working Group&quot;
&lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Hello Karen,<br>
<br>
As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid<br>
point that should be documented clearly.<br>
<br>
As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,<br>
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this<br>
issue forward.<br>
<br>
Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.<br>
<brBC3-SHA (168/168 bits))
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Subject: [Ltru] Serbia and Montenegro in example
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I suspect the examples section will be significantly revised during the 
revision of the draft, but I just wanted to note that these two private 
use examples likely need to be changed reflecting the recent change to ISO 
3166-1:

sr-Latn-QM (Serbian, Latin-script, private region)
sr-Qaaa-CS (Serbian, private script, for Serbia and Montenegro)

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384

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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I suspect the examples section will
be significantly revised during the revision of the draft, but I just wanted
to note that these two private use examples likely need to be changed reflecting
the recent change to ISO 3166-1:</font>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>sr-Latn-QM (Serbian, Latin-script, private region)<br>
sr-Qaaa-CS (Serbian, private script, for Serbia and Montenegro)</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>Regards,</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=3><br>
</font></tt><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
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________________________________>
At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt;I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward
an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
as well. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Regards, <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Karen Broome <br>
&gt;Metadata Systems Designer <br>
&gt;Sony Pictures Entertainment <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt; <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;09/27/2006 10:15 AM <br>
&gt;To<br>
&gt;&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt; <br>
&gt;cc<br>
&gt;Subject<br>
&gt;[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;John Cowan &lt;cowan at ccil dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is
that <br>
&gt;&gt; the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
<br>
&gt;&gt; restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly <br>
&gt;&gt; transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and
when <br>
&gt;&gt; the standard script is not available.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646. &nbsp;It's better
than <br>
&gt;most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
<br>
&gt;written.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;--<br>
&gt;Doug Ewell &nbsp;* &nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA &nbsp;* &nbsp;RFC
4645 &nbsp;* &nbsp;UTN #14<br>
&gt;http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/<br>
&gt;http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html<br>
&gt;http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;Ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt;https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;Ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt;https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
<br>
<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
&nbsp; &nbsp; <br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list<br>
Ltru@ietf.org<br>
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
<br>
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Subject: [Ltru] Serbia and Montenegro in example
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I suspect the examples section will be significantly revised during the 
revision of the draft, but I just wanted to note that these two private 
use examples likely need to be changed reflecting the recent change to ISO 
3166-1:

sr-Latn-QM (Serbian, Latin-script, private region)
sr-Qaaa-CS (Serbian, private script, for Serbia and Montenegro)

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384

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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I suspect the examples section will
be significantly revised during the revision of the draft, but I just wanted
to note that these two private use examples likely need to be changed reflecting
the recent change to ISO 3166-1:</font>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>sr-Latn-QM (Serbian, Latin-script, private region)<br>
sr-Qaaa-CS (Serbian, private script, for Serbia and Montenegro)</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3>Regards,</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=3><br>
</font></tt><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken
or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not
applicable to such content.

Nowhere else do we say that "X cannot be used to identify Y", and with good
reason. We  are in the business of providing a clear mechanism for
representing identifiers for languages, but we are *not* in the business of
policing which content gets tagged with which tags. There are also too many
edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with zh-Hant and the document
happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese -- or for that matter,
spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP 47!

If you change that to the following, it would be better.

Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in
characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify
such content should not contain script tags.

Mark


On 9/29/06, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> wrote:
>
>
> Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken
> language:
>
> -Section 1-
>
>   "In addition, knowledge about the particular language used by some
>  piece of information content might be useful or even required by some
>  types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-
>  synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print
>  renderings."
>
> ADD after previous paragraph?
>
> It is important to note that the language identification needs described
> above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such
> that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written
> interfaces used to access or classify such content.
>
> -Section 2.2.3-
>
> Changes:
>
> 2.  <ADD>When applicable,</ADD> script subtags MUST immediately follow the
> primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and MUST occur
> before any other type of subtag described below.
>
> ADD:
>
>    6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken
> or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not
> applicable to such content.
>
> -Section 4.1-
>
> 2.  ...
>
> *  For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
> language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
> script and it adds no distinguishing
> information.  However, if a document were written in English mixing Latin
> script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might be
> appropriate to choose to indicate
> both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
> style sheet. <ADD> On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans' should
> not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the language
> appears in written subtitles or captions.</ADD>
>
>
> I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for
> clarification.
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
> Metadata Systems Designer
> Sony Pictures Entertainment
> 310.244.4384
>
>
>
>
>  *Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>*
>
> 09/27/2006 06:48 PM
>   To
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU
> Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>  cc
>
>  Subject
> Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Hello Karen,
>
> As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
> point that should be documented clearly.
>
> As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
> and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
> issue forward.
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
> At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:
>
> >I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an
> assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
> animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
> as well.
> >
> >Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
> Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
> local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
> text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
> assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
> assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate.
> >
> >Regards,
> >
> >Karen Broome
> >Metadata Systems Designer
> >Sony Pictures Entertainment
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
> >
> >09/27/2006 10:15 AM
> >To
> >"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> >cc
> >Subject
> >[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
> >
> >> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that
> >> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
> >> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly
> >> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when
> >> the standard script is not available.
> >
> >I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than
> >most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
> >written.
> >
> >--
> >Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> >http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/ <http://users.adelphia.net/%7Edewell/>
> >http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
> >http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Ltru mailing list
> >Ltru@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Ltru mailing list
> >Ltru@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>

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I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:<br><br><tt><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp; 6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used
to identify language that is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script
fields are not applicable to such content.<br><br></font></tt><span>Nowhere else do we say that &quot;X cannot be used to identify Y&quot;, and with good reason. We&nbsp; are in the business of providing a clear mechanism for representing identifiers for languages, but 
</span><span>we are *not* in the business of policing which content gets tagged with which tags. There are also too many edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with zh-Hant and the document happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese -- or for that matter, spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP 47!
<br><br>If you change that to the following, it would be better.<br><br></span><tt><font size="3">Script subtags </font></tt><tt><font size="3">not applicable to language that </font></tt><tt><font size="3">that is not written in characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify such 
</font></tt><tt><font size="3">content </font></tt><tt><font size="3">should not contain script tags.<br><br>Mark<br><br></font></tt><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/29/06, <b class="gmail_sendername"><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a></b> &lt;<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">

<br><tt><font size="3">Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis
with spoken language:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">-Section 1-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">&nbsp; &quot;In addition, knowledge about the particular
language used by some<br>
 &nbsp;piece of information content might be useful or even required by
some<br>
 &nbsp;types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-<br>
 &nbsp;synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print<br>
 &nbsp;renderings.&quot;</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">ADD after previous paragraph?</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">It is important to note that the language identification
needs described above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken
language such that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films,
and written interfaces used to access or classify such content.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">-Section 2.2.3-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">Changes:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">2. &nbsp;&lt;ADD&gt;When applicable,&lt;/ADD&gt; script
subtags MUST immediately follow the primary language subtag and all extended
language subtags and MUST occur before any other type of subtag described
below.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">ADD:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">&nbsp; &nbsp;6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used
to identify language that is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script
fields are not applicable to such content.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">-Section 4.1-</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">2. &nbsp;...<br>
<br>
* &nbsp;For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
script and it adds no distinguishing<br>
information. &nbsp;However, if a document were written in English mixing
Latin script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might
be appropriate to choose to indicate<br>
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
style sheet. &lt;ADD&gt; On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans'
should not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the
language appears in written subtitles or captions.&lt;/ADD&gt;<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities
for clarification.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="3">Regards,</font></tt>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2"><span class="q">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br></span>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td width="40%"><font face="sans-serif" size="1"><b>Martin Duerst &lt;<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&gt;</b>
</font>
<p><font face="sans-serif" size="1">09/27/2006 06:48 PM</font>
</p></td><td width="59%">
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">To</font></div>
</td><td><font face="sans-serif" size="1"><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>, &quot;Doug
Ewell&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">dewell@adelphia.net</a>&gt;, &quot;LTRU Working Group&quot;
&lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;</font>
</td></tr><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">cc</font></div>
</td><td>
<br></td></tr><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Subject</font></div>
</td><td><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br>
<table>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<br></td><td><br></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br></td></tr></tbody></table><div><span class="e" id="q_10dfbddd49d68639_3">
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size="2">Hello Karen,<br>
<br>
As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid<br>
point that should be documented clearly.<br>
<br>
As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,<br>
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this<br>
issue forward.<br>
<br>
Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.<br>
<br>
At 02:52 06/09/28, <a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a> wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt;I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward
an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
as well. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Regards, <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Karen Broome <br>
&gt;Metadata Systems Designer <br>
&gt;Sony Pictures Entertainment <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">dewell@adelphia.net</a>&gt; <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;09/27/2006 10:15 AM <br>
&gt;To<br>
&gt;&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt; <br>
&gt;cc<br>
&gt;Subject<br>
&gt;[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;John Cowan &lt;cowan at ccil dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is
that <br>
&gt;&gt; the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
<br>
&gt;&gt; restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly <br>
&gt;&gt; transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and
when <br>
&gt;&gt; the standard script is not available.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646. &nbsp;It's better
than <br>
&gt;most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
<br>
&gt;written.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;--<br>
&gt;Doug Ewell &nbsp;* &nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA &nbsp;* &nbsp;RFC
4645 &nbsp;* &nbsp;UTN #14<br>
&gt;<a href="http://users.adelphia.net/%7Edewell/" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/</a><br>
&gt;<a href="http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html</a><br>
&gt;<a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages</a> <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;<a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br>
&gt;<a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
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#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;<a href="http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</a> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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Hmm.... I can tell you that I have had to make this a hard, fast -- if 
behind-the-scenes -- rule in my industry. 

Just in terms of feature films: When there is one application language 
list serving original production language as well as dubbed and subtitled 
versions, the dubbed content is inevitably either marked "Traditional 
Mandarin Chinese" or "Simplified Mandarin Chinese"  -- or subtitles are 
classified as "Mandarin" or "Chinese," which is useless when trying to 
find the right version to ship to a particular region. It's bad data. 

I think that's how I landed in LTRU in the first place: I illustrated a 
need in my industry to maintain two unique language lists in applications 
or products that deal with both types of language. This is somewhat of a 
usability issue more than an identification issue, but I don't want to see 
a list that looks like

Language:

Chinese (Mandarin)
Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified)
Chinese (Mandarin, Traditional)

That results in junk data when used by the average classifier of original, 
dubbed, or subtitled content because the categories are not mutually 
exclusive. I want to see two unique lists in a UI:

Spoken Language:

        Chinese (Mandarin) = zh-cmn

Written Language

        Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified) = zh-cmn-Hans
        Chinese (Mandarin, Traditional) = zh-cmn-Hant

If we had a film that had an original language of Cantonese with subtitles 
in Mandarin with simplified orthography, we would identify both "zh-yue" 
as a spoken language (type = original) and the "zh-cmn-Hans" written 
language (type = subtitles). In the case you mention, we would identify 
all written and spoken variants in the multimedia document -- a video in a 
web page could have a different tag than the page itself. DVDs can feature 
several subtitle and dubbing options on the same disk. The distinction 
between written and spoken languages is common in most standards that deal 
with audiovisual content, and it's assumed that many works will have more 
than one language code assigned.

Would you be any more comfortable with a "should not"? Your text to me 
seems to again define spoken language as the edge case -- language that is 
not written in characters. It's not written at all! I'd rather come 
straight out and acknowledge that in reality most language is spoken -- 
and increasingly technology allows that spoken language to be captured -- 
over a watered-down mention of spoken language as a "for example" in 
parentheses. 

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384



"Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org> 
09/29/2006 06:02 PM

To
"Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>
cc
Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1






I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken 
or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not 
applicable to such content.

Nowhere else do we say that "X cannot be used to identify Y", and with 
good reason. We  are in the business of providing a clear mechanism for 
representing identifiers for languages, but we are *not* in the business 
of policing which content gets tagged with which tags. There are also too 
many edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with zh-Hant and the 
document happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese -- or for that 
matter, spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP 47! 

If you change that to the following, it would be better.

Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in 
characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify 
such content should not contain script tags.

Mark


On 9/29/06, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> wrote:

Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken 
language: 

-Section 1- 

  "In addition, knowledge about the particular language used by some
 piece of information content might be useful or even required by some
 types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-
 synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print
 renderings." 

ADD after previous paragraph? 

It is important to note that the language identification needs described 
above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such 
that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written 
interfaces used to access or classify such content. 

-Section 2.2.3- 

Changes: 

2.  <ADD>When applicable,</ADD> script subtags MUST immediately follow the 
primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and MUST occur 
before any other type of subtag described below. 

ADD: 

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken 
or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not 
applicable to such content. 

-Section 4.1- 

2.  ...

*  For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary 
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the 
Latin script and it adds no distinguishing
information.  However, if a document were written in English mixing Latin 
script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might be 
appropriate to choose to indicate
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a 
style sheet. <ADD> On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans' should 
not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the 
language appears in written subtitles or captions.</ADD>


I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for 
clarification. 

Regards, 

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384 




Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> 
09/27/2006 06:48 PM 


To
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU 
Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org> 
cc

Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1








Hello Karen,

As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
point that should be documented clearly.

As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
issue forward.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an 
assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features 
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language 
tagging as well. 
>
>Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital 
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and 
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The 
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be 
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the 
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. 
>
>Regards, 
>
>Karen Broome 
>Metadata Systems Designer 
>Sony Pictures Entertainment 
>
>
>
>
>
>"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net> 
>
>09/27/2006 10:15 AM 
>To
>"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org> 
>cc
>Subject
>[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 
>
>
>
>
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that 
>> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly 
>> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly 
>> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when 
>> the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than 
>most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've 
>written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto: duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp  
 


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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru



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Ltru@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Hmm.... I can tell you that I have had
to make this a hard, fast -- if behind-the-scenes -- rule in my industry.
&nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Just in terms of feature films: When
there is one application language list serving original production language
as well as dubbed and subtitled versions, the dubbed content is inevitably
either marked &quot;Traditional Mandarin Chinese&quot; or &quot;Simplified
Mandarin Chinese&quot; &nbsp;-- or subtitles are classified as &quot;Mandarin&quot;
or &quot;Chinese,&quot; which is useless when trying to find the right
version to ship to a particular region. It's bad data. </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I think that's how I landed in LTRU
in the first place: I illustrated a need in my industry to maintain two
unique language lists in applications or products that deal with both types
of language. This is somewhat of a usability issue more than an identification
issue, but I don't want to see a list that looks like</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Language:</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Chinese (Mandarin)</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified)</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Chinese (Mandarin, Traditional)</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">That results in junk data when used
by the average classifier of original, dubbed, or subtitled content because
the categories are not mutually exclusive. I want to see two unique lists
in a UI:</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Spoken Language:</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Chinese
(Mandarin) = zh-cmn</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Written Language</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Chinese
(Mandarin, Simplified) = zh-cmn-Hans</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Chinese
(Mandarin, Traditional) = zh-cmn-Hant</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">If we had a film that had an original
language of Cantonese with subtitles in Mandarin with simplified orthography,
we would identify both &quot;zh-yue&quot; as a spoken language (type =
original) and the &quot;zh-cmn-Hans&quot; written language (type = subtitles).
In the case you mention, we would identify all written and spoken variants
in the multimedia document -- a video in a web page could have a different
tag than the page itself. DVDs can feature several subtitle and dubbing
options on the same disk. The distinction between written and spoken languages
is common in most standards that deal with audiovisual content, and it's
assumed that many works will have more than one language code assigned.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Would you be any more comfortable with
a &quot;should not&quot;? Your text to me seems to again define spoken
language as the edge case -- language that is not written in characters.
It's not written at all! I'd rather come straight out and acknowledge that
in reality most language is spoken -- and increasingly technology allows
that spoken language to be captured -- over a watered-down mention of spoken
language as a &quot;for example&quot; in parentheses. </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Regards,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>&quot;Mark Davis&quot;
&lt;mark.davis@icu-project.org&gt;</b> </font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">09/29/2006 06:02 PM</font>
<td width=59%>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&quot;Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com&quot;
&lt;Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Doug Ewell &lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt;,
LTRU Working Group &lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=3>I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following
goes too far:<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
 &nbsp; 6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that
is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script fields are not applicable to such
content.<br>
</font></tt><font size=3><br>
Nowhere else do we say that &quot;X cannot be used to identify Y&quot;,
and with good reason. We &nbsp;are in the business of providing a clear
mechanism for representing identifiers for languages, but we are *not*
in the business of policing which content gets tagged with which tags.
There are also too many edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with
zh-Hant and the document happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese
-- or for that matter, spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP
47! <br>
<br>
If you change that to the following, it would be better.<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in characters
(for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify such content
should not contain script tags.<br>
<br>
Mark<br>
</font></tt><font size=3><br>
</font>
<br><font size=3>On 9/29/06, </font><a href=mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com><font size=3 color=blue><b><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></b></font></a><font size=3>
&lt;</font><a href=mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com><font size=3 color=blue><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></font></a><font size=3>&gt;
wrote:</font>
<br><tt><font size=3><br>
Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken language:</font></tt><font size=3>
<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
-Section 1-</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
 &nbsp;&quot;In addition, knowledge about the particular language used
by some<br>
 piece of information content might be useful or even required by some<br>
 types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-<br>
 synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print<br>
 renderings.&quot;</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
ADD after previous paragraph?</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
It is important to note that the language identification needs described
above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such
that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written
interfaces used to access or classify such content.</font></tt><font size=3>
<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
-Section 2.2.3-</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
Changes:</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
2. &nbsp;&lt;ADD&gt;When applicable,&lt;/ADD&gt; script subtags MUST immediately
follow the primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and
MUST occur before any other type of subtag described below.</font></tt><font size=3>
<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
ADD:</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
 &nbsp; 6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that
is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script fields are not applicable to such
content.</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
-Section 4.1-</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
2. &nbsp;...<br>
<br>
* &nbsp;For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
script and it adds no distinguishing<br>
information. &nbsp;However, if a document were written in English mixing
Latin script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might
be appropriate to choose to indicate<br>
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
style sheet. &lt;ADD&gt; On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans'
should not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the
language appears in written subtitles or captions.&lt;/ADD&gt;</font></tt><font size=3><br>
<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for clarification.</font></tt><font size=3>
<br>
</font><tt><font size=3><br>
Regards,</font></tt><font size=3> <br>
</font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font><font size=3> <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</font>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=29%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>Martin Duerst &lt;</b></font><a href=mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp target=_blank><font size=1 color=blue face="sans-serif"><b><u>duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</u></b></font></a><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>&gt;</b>
</font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">09/27/2006 06:48 PM</font><font size=3>
</font>
<td width=70%>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=6%>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td width=93%><a href=mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com target=_blank><font size=1 color=blue face="sans-serif"><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></font></a><font size=1 face="sans-serif">,
&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;</font><a href=mailto:dewell@adelphia.net target=_blank><font size=1 color=blue face="sans-serif"><u>dewell@adelphia.net</u></font></a><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&gt;,
&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;</font><a href=mailto:ltru@ietf.org target=_blank><font size=1 color=blue face="sans-serif"><u>ltru@ietf.org</u></font></a><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&gt;</font><font size=3>
</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></table>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=50%>
<td width=50%></table>
<br></table>
<br><font size=3><br>
<br>
</font><tt><font size=2><br>
Hello Karen,<br>
<br>
As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid<br>
point that should be documented clearly.<br>
<br>
As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,<br>
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this<br>
issue forward.<br>
<br>
Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.<br>
<br>
At 02:52 06/09/28, </font></tt><a href=mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2>
wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt;I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward
an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
as well. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Regards, <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Karen Broome <br>
&gt;Metadata Systems Designer <br>
&gt;Sony Pictures Entertainment <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;</font></tt><a href=mailto:dewell@adelphia.net target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>dewell@adelphia.net</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2>&gt;
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;09/27/2006 10:15 AM <br>
&gt;To<br>
&gt;&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;</font></tt><a href=mailto:ltru@ietf.org target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2>&gt;
<br>
&gt;cc<br>
&gt;Subject<br>
&gt;[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;John Cowan &lt;cowan at ccil dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is
that <br>
&gt;&gt; the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
<br>
&gt;&gt; restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly <br>
&gt;&gt; transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and
when <br>
&gt;&gt; the standard script is not available.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646. &nbsp;It's better
than <br>
&gt;most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
<br>
&gt;written.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;--<br>
&gt;Doug Ewell &nbsp;* &nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA &nbsp;* &nbsp;RFC
4645 &nbsp;* &nbsp;UTN #14<br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href=http://users.adelphia.net/%7Edewell/ target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html" target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages" target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2>
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href=mailto:Ltru@ietf.org target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href=https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href=mailto:Ltru@ietf.org target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href=https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
<br>
<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;</font></tt><a href=http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp/ target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:</font></tt><a href=mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>
duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2> &nbsp; &nbsp;
<br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list</font></tt><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u><br>
</u></font></tt><a href=mailto:Ltru@ietf.org target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u><br>
</u></font></tt><a href=https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru target=_blank><tt><font size=2 color=blue><u>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
</font></tt><font size=3><br>
</font>
<br><font size=3><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list</font><font size=3 color=blue><u><br>
</u></font><a href=mailto:Ltru@ietf.org><font size=3 color=blue><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></a><font size=3 color=blue><u><br>
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<br>
</font>
<br><tt><font size=2>_______________________________________________<br>
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Ltru@ietf.org<br>
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Misha Wolf <Misha dot Wolf at reuters dot com> wrote:

> Let's consider some case other than "CS".  If Switzerland
> split into two countries, and five years later the two
> re-united, is there any reason why ISO and we should not
> use the original "CH"?

I'm trying to think of actual cases like this, where a country ceased to 
exist (whether by splitting up or by being absorbed into another) and 
then came back into existence.

One fairly recent set of examples would be the Baltic states, Estonia, 
Latvia, and Lithuania, which lost their independence in 1940 and 
regained it in 1991.  If ISO 3166-1 had existed in 1940, and EE and LV 
and LT had been withdrawn when the Soviet Union annexed the Baltic 
states, it might be reasonable to expect that there would be support 51 
years later for re-assigning the same code elements, rather than 
inventing new ones.

In 1958 Syria and Egypt joined to form the United Arab Republic.  Syria 
left in 1961 and Egypt continued using the name until 1971.  If ISO 
3166-1 had existed at the time, would it have used the same code 
elements for the "old" and "new" Syria, and for the "old" and "new" 
Egypt?

I think we would have to be guided by ISO 3166/MA and UNSD on this.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 02:08:38 2006
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>>  o  If the language was included within a macrolanguage, an extended
>
> "encompassed by a macrolanguage" is the style used by 639-3.

Also less clumsy.  +1

>> Because it does not represent a useful linguistic distinction for 
>> tagging purposes, it was deprecated without a Preferred-Value.
>
> Better to be less forthright:  "Because it is not believed to 
> represent".

+1.  I also prefer "entity" over "distinction" in this sentence; any 
objections?

>> This document specifies the complete updated contents to be used by 
>> IANA in populating the Language Subtag Registry.
>
> "a complete replacement of the contents of the LSR to be used by IANA 
> in updating it" makes it clear that this isn't just a complete (as 
> opposed to partial) *update*, it *replaces* what came before.

+1.  This refers to Section 4.  I think "document" should be changed to 
"memo" for consistency; I'll check for other self-referential uses of 
"document" (which I have a habit of overusing).

>> In its initial phase as an Internet-Draft, this memo contained the 
>> complete updated contents of the Language Subtag Registry.  As an
>
> Same story.

+1.  This is Section 5.  What about the third paragraph of Section 1; 
does that need retooling too?

>> RFC, it contains a pointer to the updated content for the Registry,
>
> Just "pointer to the Registry".

Good.  Should we also specify the exact URL, since that is now known 
(which was not the case during LTRU 1.0)?  I know some folks don't like 
explicit URLs, but we already direct readers to 
http://www.iana.org/numbers.html, which is no better.

> I may have more comments later.

Bring 'em.  This is the group's draft, to be shaped and molded by the 
group; that's why I insist on "Editor."

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 02:18:22 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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	<Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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I suppose if we had multimedia content, like a children's song being 
sung with the lyrics subtitled (possibly with a bouncing ball), then a 
written component would be involved and script might be relevant.

I agree that we should not make it look as though written content is the 
norm and non-written content is some kind of weird fringe exception.  We 
should be able to have all our existing statements about script subtag 
usage, and also state that they are inappropriate for non-written 
content.  In particular, Karen's proposed addition of "When applicable" 
to Section 2.2.3 is subtle but gets the point across.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages


----- Original Message ----- 
From: Mark Davis
To: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
Cc: Martin Duerst ; Doug Ewell ; LTRU Working Group
Sent: Friday, September 29, 2006 18:02
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1


I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too 
far:

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is 
spoken or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields 
are not applicable to such content.

Nowhere else do we say that "X cannot be used to identify Y", and with 
good reason. We  are in the business of providing a clear mechanism for 
representing identifiers for languages, but we are *not* in the business 
of policing which content gets tagged with which tags. There are also 
too many edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with zh-Hant and 
the document happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese -- or for 
that matter, spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP 47!

If you change that to the following, it would be better.

Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in 
characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify 
such content should not contain script tags.

Mark



On 9/29/06, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> wrote:

Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken 
language:

-Section 1-

  "In addition, knowledge about the particular language used by some
 piece of information content might be useful or even required by some
 types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-
 synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print
 renderings."

ADD after previous paragraph?

It is important to note that the language identification needs described 
above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language 
such that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and 
written interfaces used to access or classify such content.

-Section 2.2.3-

Changes:

2.  <ADD>When applicable,</ADD> script subtags MUST immediately follow 
the primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and MUST 
occur before any other type of subtag described below.

ADD:

   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is 
spoken or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields 
are not applicable to such content.

-Section 4.1-

2.  ...

*  For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary 
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the 
Latin script and it adds no distinguishing
information.  However, if a document were written in English mixing 
Latin script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might 
be appropriate to choose to indicate
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a 
style sheet. <ADD> On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans' 
should not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless 
the language appears in written subtitles or captions.</ADD>


I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for 
clarification.

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384




Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
09/27/2006 06:48 PM ToKaren_Broome@spe.sony.com, "Doug Ewell" 
<dewell@adelphia.net>, "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
cc

SubjectRe: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1










Hello Karen,

As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
point that should be documented clearly.

As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
issue forward.

Regards,    Martin.

At 02:52 06/09/28, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward 
>an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content 
>features animated talking heads or video, and this content may need 
>language tagging as well.
>
>Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital 
>Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and 
>local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. 
>The text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it 
>can be assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of 
>cases, the assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate.
>
>Regards,
>
>Karen Broome
>Metadata Systems Designer
>Sony Pictures Entertainment
>
>
>
>
>
>"Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
>
>09/27/2006 10:15 AM
>To
>"LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
>cc
>Subject
>[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
>
>
>
>
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
>
>> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that
>> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
>> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly
>> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when
>> the standard script is not available.
>
>I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than
>most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
>written.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto: 
duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp


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Just a very small editorial fix, otherwise +1:

At 10:02 06/09/30, Mark Davis wrote:
>I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:
>
>   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not applicable to such content.


>If you change that to the following, it would be better.
>
>Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify such content should not contain script tags.

Please change:
   Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written
   in characters (for example, spoken or sung).
to:
   Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not
   written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).

Maybe even better:
   Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore preferably are left out,
   for content that does not use any script, for example because it is
   spoken or sung.

This does two things:
- Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable, don't use it in
  the tag.
- Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description of 'script'.
  (As an example, if ever we would get into the situation that sign language
  is recognized as a 'script', but there are not characters for it.)
  Not a main point, but just to be on the safe side.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 15:08 06/09/30, Doug Ewell wrote:
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>>> This document specifies the complete updated contents to be used by IANA in populating the Language Subtag Registry.
>>
>> "a complete replacement of the contents of the LSR to be used by IANA in updating it" makes it clear that this isn't just a complete (as opposed to partial) *update*, it *replaces* what came before.
>
>+1.  This refers to Section 4.  I think "document" should be changed to "memo" for consistency; I'll check for other self-referential uses of "document" (which I have a habit of overusing).

One point I'm wondering are registrations accepted on ietf-languages between the
final internet draft and the point in time when IANA does the update.

How was this handled last time? Do we have some language in one of
the drafts? I just remember the gr-Latn case, which led to quite a
bit of private exchanges. 

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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In general +1, except for Mark's correction and a small
editorial correction below.

At 08:15 06/09/30, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>ADD after previous paragraph? 
>
>It is important to note that the language identification needs described above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written interfaces used to access or classify such content. 

Please change "such that found" to "such as found".

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 15:08 06/09/30, Doug Ewell wrote:
>John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>>> This document specifies the complete updated contents to be used by IANA in populating the Language Subtag Registry.
>>
>> "a complete replacement of the contents of the LSR to be used by IANA in updating it" makes it clear that this isn't just a complete (as opposed to partial) *update*, it *replaces* what came before.
>
>+1.  This refers to Section 4.  I think "document" should be changed to "memo" for consistency; I'll check for other self-referential uses of "document" (which I have a habit of overusing).

One point I'm wondering are registrations accepted on ietf-languages between the
final internet draft and the point in time when IANA does the update.

How was this handled last time? Do we have some language in one of
the drafts? I just remember the gr-Latn case, which led to quite a
bit of private exchanges. 

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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In general +1, except for Mark's correction and a small
editorial correction below.

At 08:15 06/09/30, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>ADD after previous paragraph? 
>
>It is important to note that the language identification needs described above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written interfaces used to access or classify such content. 

Please change "such that found" to "such as found".

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 05:06:16 2006
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For me, definitely yes. Also useful would be deltas for future
drafts, for all of the data itself, in a suitable form.

Regards,    Martin.

At 22:34 06/09/29, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Would it be useful to the group, for evaluation purposes, if I produced a diff file containing the changes between the existing Registry and the one proposed in draft-4645bis-00?  This would exclude the 7,200 added subtags and include only the other changes, such as Descriptions and Comments added, grandfathered tags changed to redundant, and such.  I know I've relied on such deltas while working on it.
>
>--
>Doug Ewell
>Fullerton, California, USA
>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
>RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>
>
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#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 08:12:18 2006
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Martin Duerst wrote:
 
> Maybe even better:
>    Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore
>    preferably are left out, for content that does not
>    use any script, for example because it is
>    spoken or sung.
 
> This does two things:
> - Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable,
>   don't use it in the tag.
> - Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description
>   of 'script'. (As an example, if ever we would get into the
>   situation that sign language is recognized as a 'script',
>   but there are not characters for it.)

The "preferably are" is a near miss wrt
<URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:AWW>
How about s/preferably are/SHOULD be/ ?

Frank



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John Cowan wrote:
 
> I'm happy to keep Suppress-Script confined (as a matter of
> administrative policy, not RFC 4646bis rule) to the languages
> of 639-1 and 639-2.

The registry won't tell users what's what, so I'm not happy
with your proposal.  If this boils down to "let's try hard
to get it right at least for 639-1 and 639-2" it's okay.

Frank



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Mark Davis wrote:

>> "And the same new applications need a licence to
>> suppress Jpan in ja-Jpan for backwards compatibility, they
>> need your proposed Suppress-Script."

> This is untrue. I need no licence to tag anything as simply
> 'ja' (instead of ja-<somescript>), if that's all I want to
> tag it with.

You're a human user, not a "new application".  It's the job of
the application to accept ja-Latn if you say so, and it could
ask "are you sure" if you say "ja-Jpan".  Without a "licence"
in the form of a Suppress-Script the application would accept
ja-Latn exactly like ja-Jpan.  Getting no match for any legacy
ja-JP bogeys.

Frank



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Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:
 
> I just wanted to note that these two private use examples
> likely need to be changed reflecting the recent change to
> ISO 3166-1:
 
> sr-Latn-QM (Serbian, Latin-script, private region)

Could be Kosovo or similar, I think that's still okay.

> sr-Qaaa-CS

Yes, that has to be fixed.  In theory I could reactivate
my meta wikimedia account (if I recall the password) and
ask them if we can use their server to "note" pending
464xbis issues, after all meta is their I18N central as
far as it doesn't concern code.

In practice I hope somebody here has a more straight
forward idea, what about say the CVS servers for ICU or
CLDR ?  For subversion there is even an optional module
"Trac" with a tracker and built-in Wiki.

The IESG uses "Trac", maybe they'd be willing to let us
test it.

Frank



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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
Date: Sat, 30 Sep 2006 08:44:11 -0700
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> Please change:
>   Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written
>   in characters (for example, spoken or sung).
> to:
>   Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not
>   written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).

At the very least, remove "that that".

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Submission: draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-00
Date: Sat, 30 Sep 2006 08:59:36 -0700
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Martin Duerst <duerst at it dot aoyama dot ac dot jp> wrote:

> One point I'm wondering are registrations accepted on ietf-languages 
> between the final internet draft and the point in time when IANA does 
> the update.
>
> How was this handled last time? Do we have some language in one of the 
> drafts? I just remember the gr-Latn case, which led to quite a bit of 
> private exchanges.

Yeah.  I labored over that wording somewhat.  We really don't have a 
great plan in the event of delay, and last time there was significant 
delay.  This was partly brought on by the fact that we had a third 
deliverable (4647) that held up the first two for many months.  I'm 
hoping that will not be an issue this time.

Also noticeable, though not terribly important, is the date 2005-10-16 
on most of the Added dates in the Registry.  That was the date of the 
final I-D, but it's pretty meaningless now, and in particular it has 
little to do with when the draft was approved (November 2005), or when 
it became an RFC (three weeks ago).  It would be nice if that date could 
be kept somewhere close to reality for the new subtags.  (Note the 
semi-random date 2007-01-01 all over the draft-4645bis-00 Registry.)

Ideally such changes would be kept to a minimum during that critical 
period, and the I-D process would move along from IESG Last Call to RFC 
publication at a reasonable pace.  I realize both are somewhat wishful 
thinking.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> Should we also specify the exact URL, since that is
> now known (which was not the case during LTRU 1.0)?

I don't trust that this works, their Webmaster might
be forced to reorganize this as part of their general 
reorganization, and might forget to redirect the old
URL.  And the IETF apparently has no PURLs, so that's
also out - the issue is to get maintainers for PURLs,
not some random individual who might run or die.
 
> I know some folks don't like explicit URLs

The RFC-editor among others, broken URLs in published
RFCs are a PITA.

> http://www.iana.org/numbers.html, which is no better.

I hope that IANA won't screw-up this link as long as
it exists.  A backup mirror would be nice, if say ISO
offers to host it.

Frank



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Doug Ewell wrote:
 
> we would have to be guided by ISO 3166/MA and UNSD on this.

We only need a statement that a deprecated subtag can be
revived for its former purpose by the relevant ISO standard,
and that the "deprecated" field in the registry should then
be removed - instead of registering UN numbers where this
is not not strictly necessary to avoid conflicts.

Frank



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Date: Sat, 30 Sep 2006 11:13:03 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Frank Ellermann" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Korean (and Japanese)
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I don't know what kind of scenario you have in mind, but for most I'm
familiar with, having suppress-script in the registry is of very little aid
in the UI. Let's suppose I'm picking the language in my browser. Typically
I'll get a pull-down list with the most common languages. So that's already
pre-canned, and -- notably -- takes some intelligence to produce. Nobody can
take arbitrary combinations of language, script, and region subtags, since
that would produce a huge, unusable list. Instead, someone needs to take the
time to figure out which ones are worth separating out for presentation to
the user. That involves *far* more than suppress-script: you need to know,
for example, which region-based variations are important to separate out.

Then, if you are lucky the UI will give you a way to select additional
choices (Firefox, for example, does even let you do this). A good UI will
not just have the user type in some random string and validate -- it will
provide pull-down menus that help to guide the user to picking reasonable
choices.  (Even the choice of language subtag alone gets will get
complicated with 639-3. Probably needs some fairly careful thought to allow
people to get to the one they want without too much hassle.) With the UI
selection for script, one could simply have the default choice be "any"
(meaning no language tag), with a message that the script should not
normally be selected unless your language is customarily written with
multiple scripts. And *real* guidance to the user would not use suppress
script -- instead it would give a choice, based on the language subtag, of
what the customary values are. So it really wants to show, for example,
something like:

Language: zh
Script:
   any
   simplified-only
   traditional-only
   other...

That is, only bring up the full list of scripts in unusual cases.

But all of this may vary by circumstance. If I had a library search for
specialized terms, I might allow for Japanese written in Latin -- if I have
content marked that way. If I am picking languages for use in resource
lookup, I wouldn't even have zh-Hans listed in the above choices, since my
zh content would default to that -- and the choices for region would also
just list the ones that made a difference, acording to the chosen language
subtag and script. And so on....

I think it would be helpful to describe in some detail some of the UI
scenarios that you envision where suppress-script, and that alone, is really
both necessary and sufficient to guide people in selecting language tags.

Mark

On 9/30/06, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:
>
> Mark Davis wrote:
>
> >> "And the same new applications need a licence to
> >> suppress Jpan in ja-Jpan for backwards compatibility, they
> >> need your proposed Suppress-Script."
>
> > This is untrue. I need no licence to tag anything as simply
> > 'ja' (instead of ja-<somescript>), if that's all I want to
> > tag it with.
>
> You're a human user, not a "new application".  It's the job of
> the application to accept ja-Latn if you say so, and it could
> ask "are you sure" if you say "ja-Jpan".  Without a "licence"
> in the form of a Suppress-Script the application would accept
> ja-Latn exactly like ja-Jpan.  Getting no match for any legacy
> ja-JP bogeys.
>
> Frank
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>

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I don't know what kind of scenario you have in mind, but for most I'm familiar with, having suppress-script in the registry is of very little aid in the UI. Let's suppose I'm picking the language in my browser. Typically I'll get a pull-down list with the most common languages. So that's already pre-canned, and -- notably -- takes some intelligence to produce. Nobody can take arbitrary combinations of language, script, and region subtags, since that would produce a huge, unusable list. Instead, someone needs to take the time to figure out which ones are worth separating out for presentation to the user. That involves *far* more than suppress-script: you need to know, for example, which region-based variations are important to separate out.
<br><br>Then, if you are lucky the UI will give you a way to select additional choices (Firefox, for example, does even let you do this). A good UI will not just have the user type in some random string and validate -- it will provide pull-down menus that help to guide the user to picking reasonable choices.&nbsp; (Even the choice of language subtag alone gets will get complicated with 639-3. Probably needs some fairly careful thought to allow people to get to the one they want without too much hassle.) With the UI selection for script, one could simply have the default choice be &quot;any&quot; (meaning no language tag), with a message that the script should not normally be selected unless your language is customarily written with multiple scripts. And *real* guidance to the user would not use suppress script -- instead it would give a choice, based on the language subtag, of what the customary values are. So it really wants to show, for example, something like:
<br><br>Language: zh<br>Script: <br>&nbsp;&nbsp; any<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; simplified-only<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; traditional-only<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; other...<br><br>That is, only bring up the full list of scripts in unusual cases.<br><br>But all of this may vary by circumstance. If I had a library search for specialized terms, I might allow for Japanese written in Latin -- if I have content marked that way. If I am picking languages for use in resource lookup, I wouldn't even have zh-Hans listed in the above choices, since my zh content would default to that -- and the choices for region would also just list the ones that made a difference, acording to the chosen language subtag and script. And so on....
<br><br>I think it would be helpful to describe in some detail some of the UI scenarios that you envision where suppress-script, and that alone, is really both necessary and sufficient to guide people in selecting language tags.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/30/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Frank Ellermann</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Mark Davis wrote:<br><br>&gt;&gt; &quot;And the same new applications need a licence to<br>&gt;&gt; suppress Jpan in ja-Jpan for backwards compatibility, they<br>&gt;&gt; need your proposed Suppress-Script.&quot;<br><br>&gt; This is untrue. I need no licence to tag anything as simply
<br>&gt; 'ja' (instead of ja-&lt;somescript&gt;), if that's all I want to<br>&gt; tag it with.<br><br>You're a human user, not a &quot;new application&quot;.&nbsp;&nbsp;It's the job of<br>the application to accept ja-Latn if you say so, and it could
<br>ask &quot;are you sure&quot; if you say &quot;ja-Jpan&quot;.&nbsp;&nbsp;Without a &quot;licence&quot;<br>in the form of a Suppress-Script the application would accept<br>ja-Latn exactly like ja-Jpan.&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting no match for any legacy
<br>ja-JP bogeys.<br><br>Frank<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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I like the "maybe even better" option the best. But again, the 
"preferably" irks me a bit. Is there any case where it is appropriate to 
use a script with spoken language?

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment




Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> 
09/30/2006 12:41 AM

To
"Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>, "Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" 
<Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>
cc
Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1






Just a very small editorial fix, otherwise +1:

At 10:02 06/09/30, Mark Davis wrote:
>I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:
>
>   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is 
spoken or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields 
are not applicable to such content.


>If you change that to the following, it would be better.
>
>Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in 
characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify 
such content should not contain script tags.

Please change:
   Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written
   in characters (for example, spoken or sung).
to:
   Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not
   written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).

Maybe even better:
   Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore preferably are left 
out,
   for content that does not use any script, for example because it is
   spoken or sung.

This does two things:
- Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable, don't use it in
  the tag.
- Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description of 'script'.
  (As an example, if ever we would get into the situation that sign 
language
  is recognized as a 'script', but there are not characters for it.)
  Not a main point, but just to be on the safe side.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp  


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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">I like the &quot;maybe even better&quot;
option the best. But again, the &quot;preferably&quot; irks me a bit. Is
there any case where it is appropriate to use a script with spoken language?</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Regards,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td width=40%><font size=1 face="sans-serif"><b>Martin Duerst &lt;duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp&gt;</b>
</font>
<p><font size=1 face="sans-serif">09/30/2006 12:41 AM</font>
<td width=59%>
<table width=100%>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&quot;Mark Davis&quot; &lt;mark.davis@icu-project.org&gt;,
&quot;Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com&quot; &lt;Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Doug Ewell &lt;dewell@adelphia.net&gt;,
LTRU Working Group &lt;ltru@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<div align=right><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Just a very small editorial fix, otherwise +1:<br>
<br>
At 10:02 06/09/30, Mark Davis wrote:<br>
&gt;I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too
far:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &nbsp; 6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language
that is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script fields are not applicable
to such content.<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;If you change that to the following, it would be better.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written
in characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify
such content should not contain script tags.<br>
<br>
Please change:<br>
 &nbsp; Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written<br>
 &nbsp; in characters (for example, spoken or sung).<br>
to:<br>
 &nbsp; Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not<br>
 &nbsp; written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).<br>
<br>
Maybe even better:<br>
 &nbsp; Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore preferably are
left out,<br>
 &nbsp; for content that does not use any script, for example because it
is<br>
 &nbsp; spoken or sung.<br>
<br>
This does two things:<br>
- Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable, don't use it in<br>
 &nbsp;the tag.<br>
- Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description of 'script'.<br>
 &nbsp;(As an example, if ever we would get into the situation that sign
language<br>
 &nbsp;is recognized as a 'script', but there are not characters for it.)<br>
 &nbsp;Not a main point, but just to be on the safe side.<br>
<br>
Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
&nbsp; &nbsp; <br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
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Ltru@ietf.org<br>
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<br>
</font></tt>
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 14:34:42 2006
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Hi,

"Preferably" and other circumlocutions have no business
appearing in an Internet standard.  Wherever possible,
"MUST" should be used.  Only when there's a compelling
reason, "SHOULD" should be used.  Otherwise, silence on
an entire topic is more informative.

It seems odd to me that people are so reluctant to get
serious about "MUST NOT" where script is redundant (the
predominant script) or unsuitable (non-written content).

Language tags have been successfully used for a great
many purposes for more than a decade entirely without
script subtags.

Cheers,
- Ira

Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com 
-----Original Message-----
From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2006 2:13 PM
To: Martin Duerst
Cc: Doug Ewell; LTRU Working Group
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1



I like the "maybe even better" option the best. But again, the "preferably"
irks me a bit. Is there any case where it is appropriate to use a script
with spoken language? 

Regards, 

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment



Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> 
09/30/2006 12:41 AM To"Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>,
"Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> 
ccDoug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org> 
SubjectRe: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1







Just a very small editorial fix, otherwise +1:

At 10:02 06/09/30, Mark Davis wrote:
>I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:
>
>   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken
or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not
applicable to such content.


>If you change that to the following, it would be better.
>
>Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in
characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify
such content should not contain script tags.

Please change:
  Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written
  in characters (for example, spoken or sung).
to:
  Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not
  written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).

Maybe even better:
  Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore preferably are left out,
  for content that does not use any script, for example because it is
  spoken or sung.

This does two things:
- Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable, don't use it in
 the tag.
- Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description of 'script'.
 (As an example, if ever we would get into the situation that sign language
 is recognized as a 'script', but there are not characters for it.)
 Not a main point, but just to be on the safe side.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp



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I had no intention to denegrate spoken language -- I use it myself. I think
my wording was a bit clumsy but the goal is simply to indicate that when
language is not written, the script is not necessary; when language is
written, it may be necessary. There are many ways of being "not written",
and one shouldn't try to enumerate all of them (spoken, sung, signed,...),
but instead capture them under the term "not written" and provide examples.

Martin's language avoids that but is starting to approach the tautology: =>
don't use scripts when they aren't necessary => don't use X when X is not
necessary.

Mark

On 9/29/06, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> wrote:
>
>
> Hmm.... I can tell you that I have had to make this a hard, fast -- if
> behind-the-scenes -- rule in my industry.
>
> Just in terms of feature films: When there is one application language
> list serving original production language as well as dubbed and subtitled
> versions, the dubbed content is inevitably either marked "Traditional
> Mandarin Chinese" or "Simplified Mandarin Chinese"  -- or subtitles are
> classified as "Mandarin" or "Chinese," which is useless when trying to find
> the right version to ship to a particular region. It's bad data.
>
> I think that's how I landed in LTRU in the first place: I illustrated a
> need in my industry to maintain two unique language lists in applications or
> products that deal with both types of language. This is somewhat of a
> usability issue more than an identification issue, but I don't want to see a
> list that looks like
>
> Language:
>
> Chinese (Mandarin)
> Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified)
> Chinese (Mandarin, Traditional)
>
> That results in junk data when used by the average classifier of original,
> dubbed, or subtitled content because the categories are not mutually
> exclusive. I want to see two unique lists in a UI:
>
> Spoken Language:
>
>         Chinese (Mandarin) = zh-cmn
>
> Written Language
>
>         Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified) = zh-cmn-Hans
>         Chinese (Mandarin, Traditional) = zh-cmn-Hant
>
> If we had a film that had an original language of Cantonese with subtitles
> in Mandarin with simplified orthography, we would identify both "zh-yue" as
> a spoken language (type = original) and the "zh-cmn-Hans" written language
> (type = subtitles). In the case you mention, we would identify all written
> and spoken variants in the multimedia document -- a video in a web page
> could have a different tag than the page itself. DVDs can feature several
> subtitle and dubbing options on the same disk. The distinction between
> written and spoken languages is common in most standards that deal with
> audiovisual content, and it's assumed that many works will have more than
> one language code assigned.
>
> Would you be any more comfortable with a "should not"? Your text to me
> seems to again define spoken language as the edge case -- language that is
> not written in characters. It's not written at all! I'd rather come straight
> out and acknowledge that in reality most language is spoken -- and
> increasingly technology allows that spoken language to be captured -- over a
> watered-down mention of spoken language as a "for example" in parentheses.
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
> Metadata Systems Designer
> Sony Pictures Entertainment
> 310.244.4384
>
>
>  *"Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>*
>
> 09/29/2006 06:02 PM
>   To
> "Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>  cc
> Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
> Subject
> Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
>
>
>
>
>
>
> I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:
>
>   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken
> or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not
> applicable to such content.
>
> Nowhere else do we say that "X cannot be used to identify Y", and with
> good reason. We  are in the business of providing a clear mechanism for
> representing identifiers for languages, but we are *not* in the business of
> policing which content gets tagged with which tags. There are also too many
> edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with zh-Hant and the document
> happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese -- or for that matter,
> spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP 47!
>
> If you change that to the following, it would be better.
>
> Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in
> characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify
> such content should not contain script tags.
>
> Mark
>
>
> On 9/29/06, *Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com* <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> <*
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com* <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>> wrote:
>
> Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken
> language:
>
> -Section 1-
>
>  "In addition, knowledge about the particular language used by some
> piece of information content might be useful or even required by some
> types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-
> synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print
> renderings."
>
> ADD after previous paragraph?
>
> It is important to note that the language identification needs described
> above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such
> that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written
> interfaces used to access or classify such content.
>
> -Section 2.2.3-
>
> Changes:
>
> 2.  <ADD>When applicable,</ADD> script subtags MUST immediately follow the
> primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and MUST occur
> before any other type of subtag described below.
>
> ADD:
>
>   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken
> or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not
> applicable to such content.
>
> -Section 4.1-
>
> 2.  ...
>
> *  For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
> language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
> script and it adds no distinguishing
> information.  However, if a document were written in English mixing Latin
> script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might be
> appropriate to choose to indicate
> both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
> style sheet. <ADD> On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans' should
> not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the language
> appears in written subtitles or captions.</ADD>
>
>
> I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for
> clarification.
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
> Metadata Systems Designer
> Sony Pictures Entertainment
> 310.244.4384
>
>
>
>   *Martin Duerst <**duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp* <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>*>*
>
> 09/27/2006 06:48 PM
>
>   To
> *Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com* <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>, "Doug Ewell" <*
> dewell@adelphia.net* <dewell@adelphia.net>>, "LTRU Working Group" <*
> ltru@ietf.org* <ltru@ietf.org>>  cc
>
>  Subject
> Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Hello Karen,
>
> As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid
> point that should be documented clearly.
>
> As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,
> and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this
> issue forward.
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
> At 02:52 06/09/28, *Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com* <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>wrote:
>
> >I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward an
> assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
> animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
> as well.
> >
> >Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
> Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
> local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
> text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
> assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
> assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate.
> >
> >Regards,
> >
> >Karen Broome
> >Metadata Systems Designer
> >Sony Pictures Entertainment
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >"Doug Ewell" <*dewell@adelphia.net* <dewell@adelphia.net>>
> >
> >09/27/2006 10:15 AM
> >To
> >"LTRU Working Group" <*ltru@ietf.org* <ltru@ietf.org>>
> >cc
> >Subject
> >[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:
> >
> >> Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is that
> >> the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
> >> restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly
> >> transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and when
> >> the standard script is not available.
> >
> >I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646.  It's better than
> >most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
> >written.
> >
> >--
> >Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> >*http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/*<http://users.adelphia.net/%7Edewell/>
> >*http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html*<http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html>
> >*http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages*<http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages>
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Ltru mailing list
> >*Ltru@ietf.org* <Ltru@ietf.org>
> >*https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru*<https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru>
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Ltru mailing list
> >*Ltru@ietf.org* <Ltru@ietf.org>
> >*https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru*<https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru>
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  *http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp* <http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp/>
>     mailto:* duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp* <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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> **Ltru@ietf.org* <Ltru@ietf.org>*
> **https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru*<https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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>
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>

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I had no intention to denegrate spoken language -- I use it myself. I think my wording was a bit clumsy but the goal is simply to indicate that when language is not written, the script is not necessary; when language is written, it may be necessary. There are many ways of being &quot;not written&quot;, and one shouldn't try to enumerate all of them (spoken, sung, signed,...), but instead capture them under the term &quot;not written&quot; and provide examples.
<br><br>Martin's language avoids that but is starting to approach the tautology: =&gt; don't use scripts when they aren't necessary =&gt; don't use X when X is not necessary.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">
On 9/29/06, <b class="gmail_sendername"><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a></b> &lt;<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">

<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Hmm.... I can tell you that I have had
to make this a hard, fast -- if behind-the-scenes -- rule in my industry.
&nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Just in terms of feature films: When
there is one application language list serving original production language
as well as dubbed and subtitled versions, the dubbed content is inevitably
either marked &quot;Traditional Mandarin Chinese&quot; or &quot;Simplified
Mandarin Chinese&quot; &nbsp;-- or subtitles are classified as &quot;Mandarin&quot;
or &quot;Chinese,&quot; which is useless when trying to find the right
version to ship to a particular region. It's bad data. </font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">I think that's how I landed in LTRU
in the first place: I illustrated a need in my industry to maintain two
unique language lists in applications or products that deal with both types
of language. This is somewhat of a usability issue more than an identification
issue, but I don't want to see a list that looks like</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Language:</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Chinese (Mandarin)</font>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Chinese (Mandarin, Simplified)</font>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Chinese (Mandarin, Traditional)</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">That results in junk data when used
by the average classifier of original, dubbed, or subtitled content because
the categories are not mutually exclusive. I want to see two unique lists
in a UI:</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Spoken Language:</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Chinese
(Mandarin) = zh-cmn</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Written Language</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Chinese
(Mandarin, Simplified) = zh-cmn-Hans</font>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Chinese
(Mandarin, Traditional) = zh-cmn-Hant</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">If we had a film that had an original
language of Cantonese with subtitles in Mandarin with simplified orthography,
we would identify both &quot;zh-yue&quot; as a spoken language (type =
original) and the &quot;zh-cmn-Hans&quot; written language (type = subtitles).
In the case you mention, we would identify all written and spoken variants
in the multimedia document -- a video in a web page could have a different
tag than the page itself. DVDs can feature several subtitle and dubbing
options on the same disk. The distinction between written and spoken languages
is common in most standards that deal with audiovisual content, and it's
assumed that many works will have more than one language code assigned.</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Would you be any more comfortable with
a &quot;should not&quot;? Your text to me seems to again define spoken
language as the edge case -- language that is not written in characters.
It's not written at all! I'd rather come straight out and acknowledge that
in reality most language is spoken -- and increasingly technology allows
that spoken language to be captured -- over a watered-down mention of spoken
language as a &quot;for example&quot; in parentheses. </font>
<span class="q"><br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Regards,</font>
<br>
<br><font face="sans-serif" size="2">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</span><table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td width="40%"><font face="sans-serif" size="1"><b>&quot;Mark Davis&quot;
&lt;<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt;</b> </font>
<p><font face="sans-serif" size="1">09/29/2006 06:02 PM</font>
</p></td><td width="59%">
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">To</font></div>
</td><td><font face="sans-serif" size="1">&quot;<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>&quot;
&lt;<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>&gt;</font>
</td></tr><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">cc</font></div>
</td><td><span class="q"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Doug Ewell &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">dewell@adelphia.net</a>&gt;,
LTRU Working Group &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;</font>
</span></td></tr><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div><span class="e" id="q_10dfcbd842af2ba4_5"><div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Subject</font></div>
</span></div></td><td><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br>
<table>
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td>
<br></td><td><br></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br></td></tr></tbody></table><div><span class="e" id="q_10dfcbd842af2ba4_7">
<br>
<br>
<br><font size="3">I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following
goes too far:<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
 &nbsp; 6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that
is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script fields are not applicable to such
content.<br>
</font></tt><font size="3"><br>
Nowhere else do we say that &quot;X cannot be used to identify Y&quot;,
and with good reason. We &nbsp;are in the business of providing a clear
mechanism for representing identifiers for languages, but we are *not*
in the business of policing which content gets tagged with which tags.
There are also too many edge cases. If I tagged a multimedia document with
zh-Hant and the document happened to contain a snipped of spoken Chinese
-- or for that matter, spoken English -- I would not be compliant to BCP
47! <br>
<br>
If you change that to the following, it would be better.<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in characters
(for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify such content
should not contain script tags.<br>
<br>
Mark<br>
</font></tt><font size="3"><br>
</font>
<br><font size="3">On 9/29/06, </font><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" size="3"><b><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></b></font>
</a><font size="3">
&lt;</font><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" size="3"><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></font></a><font size="3">&gt;
wrote:</font>
<br><tt><font size="3"><br>
Changes to clarify use of script tags and RFC 4646bis with spoken language:</font></tt><font size="3">
<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
-Section 1-</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
 &nbsp;&quot;In addition, knowledge about the particular language used
by some<br>
 piece of information content might be useful or even required by some<br>
 types of processing; for example, spell-checking, computer-<br>
 synthesized speech, Braille transcription, or high-quality print<br>
 renderings.&quot;</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
ADD after previous paragraph?</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
It is important to note that the language identification needs described
above apply not only to written language, but also to spoken language such
that found in videos, audio files, songs, podcasts, films, and written
interfaces used to access or classify such content.</font></tt><font size="3">
<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
-Section 2.2.3-</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
Changes:</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
2. &nbsp;&lt;ADD&gt;When applicable,&lt;/ADD&gt; script subtags MUST immediately
follow the primary language subtag and all extended language subtags and
MUST occur before any other type of subtag described below.</font></tt><font size="3">
<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
ADD:</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
 &nbsp; 6. &nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that
is spoken or sung. Script &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script fields are not applicable to such
content.</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
-Section 4.1-</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
2. &nbsp;...<br>
<br>
* &nbsp;For example, the subtag 'Latn' should not be used with the primary
language 'en' because nearly all English documents are written in the Latin
script and it adds no distinguishing<br>
information. &nbsp;However, if a document were written in English mixing
Latin script with another script such as Braille ('Brai'), then it might
be appropriate to choose to indicate<br>
both scripts to aid in content selection, such as the application of a
style sheet. &lt;ADD&gt; On the other hand, the subtags 'Hant' and 'Hans'
should not be used to describe an audiovisual asset in Chinese unless the
language appears in written subtitles or captions.&lt;/ADD&gt;</font></tt><font size="3"><br>
<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
I'm still checking to see if there are any other opportunities for clarification.</font></tt><font size="3">
<br>
</font><tt><font size="3"><br>
Regards,</font></tt><font size="3"> <br>
</font><font face="sans-serif" size="2"><br>
Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font><font size="3"> <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</font>
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td width="29%"><font face="sans-serif" size="1"><b>Martin Duerst &lt;</b></font><a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" face="sans-serif" size="1">
<b><u>duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</u></b></font></a><font face="sans-serif" size="1"><b>&gt;</b>
</font>
<p><font face="sans-serif" size="1">09/27/2006 06:48 PM</font><font size="3">
</font>
</p></td><td width="70%">
<br>
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td width="6%">
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">To</font></div>
</td><td width="93%"><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" face="sans-serif" size="1"><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></font>
</a><font face="sans-serif" size="1">,
&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;</font><a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" face="sans-serif" size="1"><u>dewell@adelphia.net</u></font>
</a><font face="sans-serif" size="1">&gt;,
&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;</font><a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" face="sans-serif" size="1"><u>ltru@ietf.org</u></font></a>
<font face="sans-serif" size="1">&gt;</font><font size="3">
</font>
</td></tr><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">cc</font></div>
</td><td>
<br></td></tr><tr valign="top">
<td>
<div align="right"><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Subject</font></div>
</td><td><font face="sans-serif" size="1">Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch
1</font></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br>
<br>
<table width="100%">
<tbody><tr valign="top">
<td width="50%">
<br></td><td width="50%"><br></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br><font size="3"><br>
<br>
</font><tt><font size="2"><br>
Hello Karen,<br>
<br>
As a technical contributor, I think you raise a very valid<br>
point that should be documented clearly.<br>
<br>
As a co-chair, I'd like to ask you to propose specific wording,<br>
and a place to put it. This is the fastest way to move this<br>
issue forward.<br>
<br>
Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.<br>
<br>
At 02:52 06/09/28, </font></tt><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</u></font></tt>
</a><tt><font size="2">
wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt;I still think the text of RFC 4646 and structure leans strongly toward
an assumption that all language is written. Increasingly web content features
animated talking heads or video, and this content may need language tagging
as well. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Motion picture applications -- including television, broadcast, Digital
Cinema, podcast, phonecast, multilingual electronic program guides, and
local/national/university archives -- also require language tagging. The
text of RFC 4646 indicates that the script can be omitted when it can be
assumed. It doesn't mention that in an increasing number of cases, the
assignment of a script tag is completely inappropriate. <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Regards, <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Karen Broome <br>
&gt;Metadata Systems Designer <br>
&gt;Sony Pictures Entertainment <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;</font></tt><a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>dewell@adelphia.net</u></font></tt>
</a><tt><font size="2">&gt;
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;09/27/2006 10:15 AM <br>
&gt;To<br>
&gt;&quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;</font></tt><a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a>
<tt><font size="2">&gt;
<br>
&gt;cc<br>
&gt;Subject<br>
&gt;[Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1 <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;John Cowan &lt;cowan at ccil dot org&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Remember that the criterion for including a Suppress-Script is
that <br>
&gt;&gt; the script is always used for the language except in a few highly
<br>
&gt;&gt; restricted domains, such as writing for the blind, scholarly <br>
&gt;&gt; transliteration, transcription for use in another language, and
when <br>
&gt;&gt; the standard script is not available.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;I wish we had that explanation somewhere in RFC 4646. &nbsp;It's better
than <br>
&gt;most of the explanations I've seen, certainly better than any I've
<br>
&gt;written.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;--<br>
&gt;Doug Ewell &nbsp;* &nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA &nbsp;* &nbsp;RFC
4645 &nbsp;* &nbsp;UTN #14<br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="http://users.adelphia.net/%7Edewell/" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/</u></font></tt></a>
<tt><font size="2"><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size="2"><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size="2">
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size="2"><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</u>
</font></tt></a><tt><font size="2"><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;_______________________________________________<br>
&gt;Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size="2"><br>
&gt;</font></tt><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</u>
</font></tt></a><tt><font size="2"><br>
<br>
<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>
#-#-# &nbsp;</font></tt><a href="http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp/" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size="2">

&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:</font></tt><a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>
duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</u></font></tt></a><tt><font size="2"> &nbsp; &nbsp;
<br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ltru mailing list</font></tt><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u><br>
</u></font></tt><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></tt></a><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>
<br>
</u></font></tt><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><tt><font color="blue" size="2"><u>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</u>
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</font>
<br><font size="3"><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
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</u></font><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)"><font color="blue" size="3"><u>Ltru@ietf.org</u></font></a><font color="blue" size="3"><u><br>
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</a><font size="3"><br>
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<br>
</span></div></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 14:41:27 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
Date: Sat, 30 Sep 2006 11:41:22 -0700
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Mark Davis wrote:

> Martin's language avoids that but is starting to approach the 
> tautology: => don't use scripts when they aren't necessary => don't 
> use X when X is not necessary.

I think that tautology is entirely appropriate.  It's consistent with 
what we've been saying all along.  Don't use script subtags when they 
aren't necessary; don't use region subtags when they aren't necessary; 
tag content wisely.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 15:18:55 2006
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Date: Sat, 30 Sep 2006 12:18:36 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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"X is not necessary when X is not necessary" is never worth adding to a
document, no matter what the X is.

Mark

On 9/30/06, Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote:
>
> Mark Davis wrote:
>
> > Martin's language avoids that but is starting to approach the
> > tautology: => don't use scripts when they aren't necessary => don't
> > use X when X is not necessary.
>
> I think that tautology is entirely appropriate.  It's consistent with
> what we've been saying all along.  Don't use script subtags when they
> aren't necessary; don't use region subtags when they aren't necessary;
> tag content wisely.
>
> --
> Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
>
>

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&quot;X is not necessary when X is not necessary&quot; is never worth adding to a document, no matter what the X is.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/30/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Doug Ewell</b> &lt;
<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net">dewell@adelphia.net</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Mark Davis wrote:
<br><br>&gt; Martin's language avoids that but is starting to approach the<br>&gt; tautology: =&gt; don't use scripts when they aren't necessary =&gt; don't<br>&gt; use X when X is not necessary.<br><br>I think that tautology is entirely appropriate.&nbsp;&nbsp;It's consistent with
<br>what we've been saying all along.&nbsp;&nbsp;Don't use script subtags when they<br>aren't necessary; don't use region subtags when they aren't necessary;<br>tag content wisely.<br><br>--<br>Doug Ewell&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;RFC 4645&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;UTN #14
<br><a href="http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/">http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/</a><br><a href="http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html">http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html</a><br><a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages">
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 15:46:53 2006
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@adelphia.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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Mark Davis wrote:

> "X is not necessary when X is not necessary" is never worth adding to 
> a document, no matter what the X is.

We are talking about "Don't use X when X is not necessary," which is not 
the same thing.  There are many situations, in computer applications and 
real life, when it is perfectly OK to do something that is not strictly 
necessary.  Sometimes it is even preferable for some security or 
verification reason.

In the C or C++ or C# programming languages, I can write:

if (x == 0)
{
    do_something();
}
else
{
    do_something_else();
}

or I can write the same thing without the curly braces.  There are 
certain reasons (stylistic or maintenance) why the version with 
"unnecessary" braces might be preferable.

I don't see any harm in pointing out that script (and region) subtags do 
not fall into this category.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages


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Date: Sat, 30 Sep 2006 12:49:55 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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> Otherwise, silence on an entire topic is more informative.

Your statement is very difficult to understand. There are many many
statements in RFCs that don't contain or contribute to a (MUST|SHOULD)
[NOT]. Otherwise the RFC as a whole be impossible to read and apply
effectively. There is a place for informative discourse in standards, and
there is a place for recommendations that are guidance, but are not as
strong as a SHOULD.

> Language tags have been successfully used for a great
many purposes for more than a decade entirely without
script subtags.

If there had not been good reason for introducing the many features of 4646
that were not in 3066, including scripts, we wouldn't have done it.
Rereading some of the material on Addison's website would be useful about
the reasons may be useful for you.

Look, we all agree that it is not very useful to tag anything with
fr-Latn-AQ or en-Hira-BV. Our goal is to specify what those tags would mean,
so that they can be correctly interpreted if they are received, and and give
general guidance as to when particular combinations should only be used in
specialized contexts. Beyond that, it's pointless.

Let's not make up problems where they don't exist. I see no groundswell, nor
any realistic prospect of a groundswell, of people tagging languages with
unnecessary scripts. I didn't oppose Suppress-Script because it is basically
harmless, even though in practice it is of very little real use. But if it
becomes a maintenence nightmare tagging 7000-odd scripts with correct values
in the absence of good data, it is no longer harmless.


Now, this is all getting away from Karen's quite reasonable desire to
provide people more clarity on the fact that for material that is only
non-written it isn't a good idea to include a script subtag. I could even
see, in some applications, tagging records with, for example, zh-Zxxx,
meaning unwritten Chinese. Then I could search records for zh (meaning any zh,
no matter whether spoken, or written in traditional, or written in
simplified, or written in pinyin), or filter that to only non-written, or
only simplified, or only romanized.

Mark


On 9/30/06, McDonald, Ira <imcdonald@sharplabs.com> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> "Preferably" and other circumlocutions have no business
> appearing in an Internet standard.  Wherever possible,
> "MUST" should be used.  Only when there's a compelling
> reason, "SHOULD" should be used.  Otherwise, silence on
> an entire topic is more informative.
>
> It seems odd to me that people are so reluctant to get
> serious about "MUST NOT" where script is redundant (the
> predominant script) or unsuitable (non-written content).
>
> Language tags have been successfully used for a great
> many purposes for more than a decade entirely without
> script subtags.
>
> Cheers,
> - Ira
>
> Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
> Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
> PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
> phone: +1-906-494-2434
> email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
> Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2006 2:13 PM
> To: Martin Duerst
> Cc: Doug Ewell; LTRU Working Group
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
>
>
>
> I like the "maybe even better" option the best. But again, the
> "preferably"
> irks me a bit. Is there any case where it is appropriate to use a script
> with spoken language?
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
> Metadata Systems Designer
> Sony Pictures Entertainment
>
>
>
> Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
> 09/30/2006 12:41 AM To"Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>,
> "Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>
> ccDoug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
> SubjectRe: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Just a very small editorial fix, otherwise +1:
>
> At 10:02 06/09/30, Mark Davis wrote:
> >I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:
> >
> >   6.  Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is
> spoken
> or sung. Script                   tags and Suppress-Script fields are not
> applicable to such content.
>
>
> >If you change that to the following, it would be better.
> >
> >Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in
> characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify
> such content should not contain script tags.
>
> Please change:
>   Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written
>   in characters (for example, spoken or sung).
> to:
>   Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not
>   written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).
>
> Maybe even better:
>   Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore preferably are left
> out,
>   for content that does not use any script, for example because it is
>   spoken or sung.
>
> This does two things:
> - Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable, don't use it in
> the tag.
> - Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description of 'script'.
> (As an example, if ever we would get into the situation that sign language
> is recognized as a 'script', but there are not characters for it.)
> Not a main point, but just to be on the safe side.
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
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> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
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&gt; Otherwise, silence on an entire topic is more informative.<br><br>Your statement is very difficult to understand. There are many many statements in RFCs that don't contain or contribute to a (MUST|SHOULD) [NOT]. Otherwise the RFC as a whole be impossible to read and apply effectively. There is a place for informative discourse in standards, and there is a place for recommendations that are guidance, but are not as strong as a SHOULD.
<br><br>&gt; Language tags have been successfully used for a great<br>many purposes for more than a decade entirely without<br>script subtags.<br><br>If there had not been good reason for introducing the many features of 4646 that were not in 3066, including scripts, we wouldn't have done it. Rereading some of the material on Addison's website would be useful about the reasons may be useful for you.
<br><br>Look, we all agree that it is not very useful to tag anything with fr-Latn-AQ or en-Hira-BV. Our goal is to specify what those tags would mean, so that they can be correctly interpreted if they are received, and and give general guidance as to when particular combinations should only be used in specialized contexts. Beyond that, it's pointless.
<br><br>Let's not make up problems where they don't exist. I see no groundswell, nor any realistic prospect of a groundswell, of people tagging languages with unnecessary scripts. I didn't oppose Suppress-Script because it is basically harmless, even though in practice it is of very little real use. But if it becomes a maintenence nightmare tagging 7000-odd scripts with correct values in the absence of good data, it is no longer harmless.
<br><br><br>Now, this is all getting away from Karen's quite reasonable desire to provide people more clarity on the fact that for material that is only non-written it isn't a good idea to include a script subtag. I could even see, in some applications, tagging records with, for example, zh-Zxxx, meaning unwritten Chinese. Then I could search records for zh (meaning 
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">any </span>zh, no matter whether spoken, or written in traditional, or written in simplified, or written in pinyin), or filter that to only non-written, or only simplified, or only romanized.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/30/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">McDonald, Ira</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:imcdonald@sharplabs.com">imcdonald@sharplabs.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Hi,<br><br>&quot;Preferably&quot; and other circumlocutions have no business<br>appearing in an Internet standard.&nbsp;&nbsp;Wherever possible,<br>&quot;MUST&quot; should be used.&nbsp;&nbsp;Only when there's a compelling<br>reason, &quot;SHOULD&quot; should be used.&nbsp;&nbsp;Otherwise, silence on
<br>an entire topic is more informative.<br><br>It seems odd to me that people are so reluctant to get<br>serious about &quot;MUST NOT&quot; where script is redundant (the<br>predominant script) or unsuitable (non-written content).
<br><br>Language tags have been successfully used for a great<br>many purposes for more than a decade entirely without<br>script subtags.<br><br>Cheers,<br>- Ira<br><br>Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)<br>Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
<br>PO Box 221&nbsp;&nbsp;Grand Marais, MI&nbsp;&nbsp;49839<br>phone: +1-906-494-2434<br>email: <a href="mailto:imcdonald@sharplabs.com">imcdonald@sharplabs.com</a><br>-----Original Message-----<br>From: <a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>]<br>Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2006 2:13 PM<br>To: Martin Duerst<br>Cc: Doug Ewell; LTRU Working Group<br>Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
<br><br><br><br>I like the &quot;maybe even better&quot; option the best. But again, the &quot;preferably&quot;<br>irks me a bit. Is there any case where it is appropriate to use a script<br>with spoken language?<br><br>Regards,
<br><br>Karen Broome<br>Metadata Systems Designer<br>Sony Pictures Entertainment<br><br><br><br>Martin Duerst &lt;<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&gt;<br>09/30/2006 12:41 AM To&quot;Mark Davis&quot; &lt;
<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt;,<br>&quot;<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a>&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
</a>&gt;<br>ccDoug Ewell &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net">dewell@adelphia.net</a>&gt;, LTRU Working Group &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>SubjectRe: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1<br>
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Just a very small editorial fix, otherwise +1:<br><br>At 10:02 06/09/30, Mark Davis wrote:<br>&gt;I'm mostly in agreement with the changes, but the following goes too far:<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6.&nbsp;&nbsp;Script subtags MUST NOT be used to identify language that is spoken
<br>or sung. Script&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tags and Suppress-Script fields are not<br>applicable to such content.<br><br><br>&gt;If you change that to the following, it would be better.<br>&gt;<br>&gt;Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written in
<br>characters (for example, spoken or sung). Language tags used to identify<br>such content should not contain script tags.<br><br>Please change:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;Script subtags not applicable to language that that is not written<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;in characters (for example, spoken or sung).<br>to:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;Script subtags are not applicable to language that that is not<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;written in characters (for example, spoken or sung).<br><br>Maybe even better:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;Script subtags are not applicable, and therefore preferably are left out,
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;for content that does not use any script, for example because it is<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;spoken or sung.<br><br>This does two things:<br>- Says explicitly that if a script tag isn't applicable, don't use it in<br> the tag.<br>- Makes the text somewhat more independent of the description of 'script'.
<br> (As an example, if ever we would get into the situation that sign language<br> is recognized as a 'script', but there are not characters for it.)<br> Not a main point, but just to be on the safe side.<br><br>Regards,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Martin.
<br><br><br><br>#-#-#&nbsp;&nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>#-#-#&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp">http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mailto:<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">
duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a><br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br><br>--<br>No virus found in this outgoing message.<br>Checked by AVG Free Edition.<br>Version: 7.1.407 / Virus Database: 268.12.10/459 - Release Date: 9/29/2006<br><br><br>_______________________________________________
<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br>

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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Mark Davis scripsit:

> "X is not necessary when X is not necessary" is never worth adding to a
> document, no matter what the X is.

It's like those signs "UNAUTHORIZED PERSONNEL FORBIDDEN", which boil
down to "People who are not authorized to be here are not authorized
to be here."  Yet such signs are useful.

In this case, the message is "Don't *use* unnecessary subtags --
they are not harmless."

-- 
Deshil Holles eamus.  Deshil Holles eamus.  Deshil Holles eamus.
Send us, bright one, light one, Horhorn, quickening, and wombfruit. (3x)
Hoopsa, boyaboy, hoopsa!  Hoopsa, boyaboy, hoopsa!  Hoopsa, boyaboy, hoopsa!
  -- Joyce, Ulysses, "Oxen of the Sun"       cowan@ccil.org

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We are arguing about angels on the head of a pin. I'm saying, it is MORE
informative to say

Don't use script subtags when they are not necessary or inappropriate, such
as for non-written content. Such content may include spoken or sung
language.

than it is to say.

Don't use script subtags when they are not necessary.

Mark

On 9/30/06, Doug Ewell <dewell@adelphia.net> wrote:
>
> Mark Davis wrote:
>
> > "X is not necessary when X is not necessary" is never worth adding to
> > a document, no matter what the X is.
>
> We are talking about "Don't use X when X is not necessary," which is not
> the same thing.  There are many situations, in computer applications and
> real life, when it is perfectly OK to do something that is not strictly
> necessary.  Sometimes it is even preferable for some security or
> verification reason.
>
> In the C or C++ or C# programming languages, I can write:
>
> if (x == 0)
> {
>     do_something();
> }
> else
> {
>     do_something_else();
> }
>
> or I can write the same thing without the curly braces.  There are
> certain reasons (stylistic or maintenance) why the version with
> "unnecessary" braces might be preferable.
>
> I don't see any harm in pointing out that script (and region) subtags do
> not fall into this category.
>
> --
> Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
>
>

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We are arguing about angels on the head of a pin. I'm saying, it is MORE informative to say<br><br>Don't use script subtags when they are not necessary or inappropriate, such as for non-written content. Such content may include spoken or sung language.
<br><br>than it is to say.<br><br>Don't use script subtags when they are not necessary.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 9/30/06, <b class="gmail_sendername">Doug Ewell</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@adelphia.net">
dewell@adelphia.net</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Mark Davis wrote:<br><br>&gt; &quot;X is not necessary when X is not necessary&quot; is never worth adding to
<br>&gt; a document, no matter what the X is.<br><br>We are talking about &quot;Don't use X when X is not necessary,&quot; which is not<br>the same thing.&nbsp;&nbsp;There are many situations, in computer applications and<br>real life, when it is perfectly OK to do something that is not strictly
<br>necessary.&nbsp;&nbsp;Sometimes it is even preferable for some security or<br>verification reason.<br><br>In the C or C++ or C# programming languages, I can write:<br><br>if (x == 0)<br>{<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;do_something();<br>}<br>else<br>
{<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;do_something_else();<br>}<br><br>or I can write the same thing without the curly braces.&nbsp;&nbsp;There are<br>certain reasons (stylistic or maintenance) why the version with<br>&quot;unnecessary&quot; braces might be preferable.
<br><br>I don't see any harm in pointing out that script (and region) subtags do<br>not fall into this category.<br><br>--<br>Doug Ewell&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;Fullerton, California, USA&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;RFC 4645&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;UTN #14<br><a href="http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/">
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/</a><br><a href="http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html">http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html</a><br><a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages">
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 17:04:12 2006
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Mark Davis wrote:

> I don't know what kind of scenario you have in mind

Lazy / clueless implementor + clueless user / tagger.

As an example I had no clue that Jpan might be a good
Suppress-Script for jp.

> Typically I'll get a pull-down list with the most
> common languages. So that's already pre-canned

My browser didn't know de-CH-1996.  Admittedly I
somehow managed to disable its Accept-Language and
don't know how to enable it again, but in theory
I'd have to configure it manually.

BTW, the stunt to screw-up the Accept-Language was
a side effect of Google's geo-location - I hated its
auto-redirection to the censored-for-Germany edition,
I wanted the "international" (= US) edition.

Maybe BE users are now in a similar position, trying
to get an edition that's not censored-for-Belgium.
Sometimes Geo-IP is cute, but it can be also a pain.

> Even the choice of language subtag alone gets will
> get complicated with 639-3.

Yes, an ordinary select box with thousands of choices
won't work, certainly not with my old browser.

> With the UI selection for script, one could simply
> have the default choice be "any" (meaning no language
> tag), with a message that the script should not
> normally be selected unless your language is customarily
> written with multiple scripts.

The registry offers Suppress-Script as indication when
using a script could be necessary:  For languages without
Suppress-Script.

> *real* guidance to the user would not use suppress
> script -- instead it would give a choice, based on the
> language subtag, of what the c ustomary values are.

That info isn't in the registry.  And if the application
checks what CLDR says the implementor could offer Arab
or Latn for tr.  Resulting in tr-Latn.  But the registry
clearly says "don't do that, it's probably not what you
want for tr".  The Suppress-Script is a good feature of
the registry.

BTW, that's odd, we copied CLDR...  Maybe it used to be
only Latn, and Arab was added later.  And of course the
Suppress-Scripts and CLDR have different purposes.

Frank



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rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org wrote:
 
> RFC 4690
 
> Title:      Review and Recommendations for Internationalized
>             Domain Names (IDNs)
> Author:     J. Klensin, P. Faltstrom,
>             C. Karp, IAB
> Status:     Informational
> Date:       September 2006
[...]
> I-D Tag:    draft-iab-idn-nextsteps-06.txt
> URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4690.txt

Pointer for info, it has references to RFCs 4645 and 4646.

Frank



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To: John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Suppress-script considered least harmful
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At 06:39 06/09/30, John Cowan wrote:

>I'm happy to keep Suppress-Script confined (as a matter of administrative
>policy, not RFC 4646bis rule) to the languages of 639-1 and 639-2.

As a technical contributor, I'd tend to disagree. There is no need
to force people to be unnecessarily detailled when tagging. If it's
widely accepted general practice that a language is written in a single
script only, then just the language tag should do the job. Scripts,
like regions, should only be added when they are really necessary.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Suppress-Script batch 1
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Mark Davis wrote:

> We are arguing about angels on the head of a pin. I'm saying, it is 
> MORE informative to say
>
> Don't use script subtags when they are not necessary or inappropriate, 
> such as for non-written content. Such content may include spoken or 
> sung language.
>
> than it is to say.
>
> Don't use script subtags when they are not necessary.

I'm fine with this, and in particular with the de-parenthesizing of the 
"spoken and sung" part.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages 


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Sep 30 22:13:03 2006
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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> Let's not make up problems where they don't exist. I see no 
> groundswell, nor any realistic prospect of a groundswell, of people 
> tagging languages with unnecessary scripts.

+1 to that.

> Now, this is all getting away from Karen's quite reasonable desire to 
> provide people more clarity on the fact that for material that is only 
> non-written it isn't a good idea to include a script subtag. I could 
> even see, in some applications, tagging records with, for example, 
> zh-Zxxx, meaning unwritten Chinese. Then I could search records for zh 
> (meaning any zh, no matter whether spoken, or written in traditional, 
> or written in simplified, or written in pinyin), or filter that to 
> only non-written, or only simplified, or only romanized.

Hold on, Zxxx is defined as "Code for unwritten languages."  I don't see 
that as meaning the same as "linguistic content that is not written." 
Then again, I'm the literalist who argued for years that "sign language 
as used in the United States" wasn't the same as "American Sign 
Language."

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages


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>> http://www.iana.org/numbers.html, which is no better.
> I hope that IANA won't screw-up this link as long as
> it exists.

Me too.  (:-))

Rgds,
-drc


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"Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote on 09/30/2006 12:49:55 PM:

> 
> Let's not make up problems where they don't exist. I see no 
> groundswell, nor any realistic prospect of a groundswell, of people 
> tagging languages with unnecessary scripts. 

However, when it comes to tagging audiovisual content, I do see this quite 
frequently -- at least with Chinese language classification. (And I've 
analyzed audiovisual language data from many sources and studios.) The 
fault is not always an ill-informed classifier. Developers often advise 
against having separate or filtered language lists for spoken and written 
languages as they want to be able to do a basic query for all content in 
Mandarin or "Chinese" and don't quite understand the issue. "ISO doesn't 
make this distinction, why should we?"

Or classifiers are stuck with a shrink-wrapped system architecture that 
assumes written content and a single language list. So when a classifier 
is faced with inappropriate choices for a dubbed or spoken work, they 
often choose a "scripted" form of Mandarin over suggesting a system 
redesign. It's not the role of the working group to design systems, but 
maybe giving this issue some attention might help developers who implement 
RFC 4646bis in systems that deal with both spoken and written language. 

Regards,

Karen Broome
Sony Pictures Entertainment


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<br><tt><font size=2>&quot;Mark Davis&quot; &lt;mark.davis@icu-project.org&gt;
wrote on 09/30/2006 12:49:55 PM:<br>
<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Let's not make up problems where they don't exist. I see no <br>
&gt; groundswell, nor any realistic prospect of a groundswell, of people
<br>
&gt; tagging languages with unnecessary scripts. </font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>However, when it comes to tagging audiovisual content,
I do see this quite frequently -- at least with Chinese language classification.
(And I've analyzed audiovisual language data from many sources and studios.)
The fault is not always an ill-informed classifier. Developers often advise
against having separate or filtered language lists for spoken and written
languages as they want to be able to do a basic query for all content in
Mandarin or &quot;Chinese&quot; and don't quite understand the issue. &quot;ISO
doesn't make this distinction, why should we?&quot;</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Or classifiers are stuck with a shrink-wrapped system
architecture that assumes written content and a single language list. So
when a classifier is faced with inappropriate choices for a dubbed or spoken
work, they often choose a &quot;scripted&quot; form of Mandarin over suggesting
a system redesign. It's not the role of the working group to design systems,
but maybe giving this issue some attention might help developers who implement
RFC 4646bis in systems that deal with both spoken and written language.
</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Regards,</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Karen Broome</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>Sony Pictures Entertainment</font></tt>
<br>
<br>
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