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# Material

This section provides information on how to cite SLEPc, as well as a list of citations from papers and software (see items on the left menu).

## Citing SLEPc

When referencing SLEPc in a publication, please cite one or more of the following (at least the first one).

If you use functionality from a specific SLEPc version, you can also cite reference [5] below.

Also, you can run the application code with all the options you usually use and the option `-citations slepc.bib`. This will generate a list of BibTeX references appropriate for that computation.

### General

[1] V. Hernandez, J. E. Roman, V. Vidal. SLEPc: A scalable and flexible toolkit for the solution of eigenvalue problems. ACM Trans. Math. Software, 31(3):351-362, 2005. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Hernandez:2005:SSF,
       author  = "Vicente Hernandez and Jose E. Roman and Vicente Vidal",
       title   = "{SLEPc}: A scalable and flexible toolkit for the solution of eigenvalue problems",
       journal = "ACM Trans. Math. Software",
       volume  = "31",
       number  = "3",
       pages   = "351--362",
       year    = "2005"
    }

[2] V. Hernandez, J. E. Roman, V. Vidal. SLEPc: Scalable Library for Eigenvalue Problem Computations. Lect. Notes Comp. Sci., vol. 2565, pages 377-391. Springer, 2003. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Hernandez:2003:SSL,
       author  = "V. Hernandez and J. E. Roman and V. Vidal",
       title   = "{SLEPc}: {Scalable} {Library} for {Eigenvalue} {Problem} {Computations}",
       journal = "Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.",
       volume  = "2565",
       pages   = "377--391",
       year    = "2003"
    }

[3] J. E. Roman, C. Campos, L. Dalcin, E. Romero, A. Tomas. SLEPc Users Manual. Tech. Rep. DSIC-II/24/02 - Revision 3.24, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2025.

BibTeX

    @TechReport{slepc-users-manual,
       author      = "J. E. Roman and C. Campos and L. Dalcin and E. Romero and A. Tomas",
       title       = "{SLEPc} Users Manual",
       number      = "DSIC-II/24/02 - Revision 3.24",
       institution = "D. Sistemes Inform\`atics i Computaci\'o, Universitat Polit\`ecnica de Val\`encia",
       year        = "2025"

}

[4] V. Hernandez, J. E. Roman, A. Tomas. Parallel Arnoldi eigensolvers with enhanced scalability via global communications rearrangement. Parallel Comput., 33(7-8):521-540, 2007. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Hernandez:2007:PAE,
      author  = "V. Hern{\'a}ndez and J. E. Rom{\'a}n and A. Tom{\'a}s",
      title   = "Parallel {Arnoldi} eigensolvers with enhanced scalability via global communications rearrangement",
      journal = "Parallel Comput.",
      volume  = "33",
      number  = "7-8",
      pages   = "521--540",
      year    = "2007"
    }

[5] J. E. Roman, F. Alvarruiz, C. Campos, L. Dalcin, P. Jolivet, A. Lamas Daviña. Improvements to SLEPc in Releases 3.14-3.18. ACM Trans. Math. Software, 49(3), 2023. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Roman:2023:ISR,
      author  = "J. E. Roman and F. Alvarruiz and C. Campos and L. Dalcin and P. Jolivet and Lamas Davi{\~n}a, A.",
      title   = "Improvements to {SLEPc} in releases 3.14{\textendash}3.18",
      journal = "ACM Trans. Math. Software",
      volume  = "49",
      number  = "3",
      pages   = "29:1--29:11",
      year    = "2023"
    }

### Using a Computational Interval

[6] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. Strategies for spectrum slicing based on restarted Lanczos methods. Numer. Algorithms, 62(2):279-295, 2012. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2012:SSS,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Strategies for spectrum slicing based on restarted {Lanczos} methods",
      journal = "Numer. Algorithms",
      volume  = "60",
      number  = "2",
      pages   = "279--295",
      year    = "2012"
    }

[7] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. Inertia-based spectrum slicing for symmetric quadratic eigenvalue problems. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., 27(4):e2293, 2020. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2020:ISS,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Inertia-based spectrum slicing for symmetric quadratic eigenvalue problems",
      journal = "Numer. Linear Algebra Appl.",
      volume  = "27",
      number  = "4",
      pages   = "e2293",
      year    = "2020"
    }

### Davidson-type Eigensolvers

[8] E. Romero and J. E. Roman. A parallel implementation of Davidson methods for large-scale eigenvalue problems in SLEPc. ACM Trans. Math. Software, 40(2):13:1-13:29, 2014. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Romero:2014:PID,
      author  = "E. Romero and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "A parallel implementation of {Davidson} methods for large-scale eigenvalue problems in {SLEPc}",
      journal = "ACM Trans. Math. Software",
      volume  = "40",
      number  = "2",
      pages   = "13:1--13:29",
      year    = "2014"
    }

[9] E. Romero and J. E. Roman. Computing subdominant unstable modes of turbulent plasma with a parallel Jacobi-Davidson eigensolver. Concurr. Comp.-Pract. E., 23(17):2179-2191, 2011. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Romero:2011:CSU,
      author  = "E. Romero and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Computing subdominant unstable modes of turbulent plasma with a parallel {Jacobi-Davidson} eigensolver",
      journal = "Concurr. Comp.-Pract. E.",
      volume  = "23",
      number  = "17",
      pages   = "2179--2191",
      year    = "2011"
    }

See also

Reference [16] below (polynomial Jacobi-Davidson).

### Structure-preserving Eigensolvers

[10] F. Alvarruiz, B. Mellado-Pinto, J. E. Roman. Variants of thick-restart Lanczos for the Bethe-Salpeter eigenvalue problem. arXiv:2503.20920, 2025. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Alvarruiz:2025:VTR,
      author  = "F. Alvarruiz and B. Mellado-Pinto and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Variants of thick-restart {Lanczos} for the {Bethe-Salpeter} eigenvalue problem",
      journal = "arXiv",
      volume  = "2503.20920",
      year    = "2025"
    }

### SVD and GSVD

[11] V. Hernandez, J. E. Roman, A. Tomas. A robust and efficient parallel SVD solver based on restarted Lanczos bidiagonalization. Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal., 31:68-85, 2008. [URL]

BibTeX

    @Article{Hernandez:2008:REP,
      author  = "V. Hern{\'a}ndez and J. E. Rom{\'a}n and A. Tom{\'a}s",
      title   = "A robust and efficient parallel {SVD} solver based on restarted {Lanczos} bidiagonalization",
      journal = "Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal.",
      volume  = "31",
      pages   = "68--85",
      year    = "2008"
    }

[12] F. Alvarruiz, C. Campos, J. E. Roman. Thick-restarted joint Lanczos bidiagonalization for the GSVD. J. Comput. Appl. Math., 440:115506, 2024. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Alvarruiz:2024:TJL,
      author  = "F. Alvarruiz and C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Thick-restarted joint {Lanczos} bidiagonalization for the {GSVD}",
      journal = "J. Comput. Appl. Math.",
      volume  = "440",
      pages   = "115506",
      year    = "2024"
    }

### Polynomial Eigensolvers

[13] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. Restarted Q-Arnoldi-type methods exploiting symmetry in quadratic eigenvalue problems. BIT Numer. Math., 56(4):1213-1236, 2016. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2016:RQM,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Restarted {Q-Arnoldi-type} methods exploiting symmetry in quadratic eigenvalue problems",
      journal = "BIT Numer. Math.",
      volume  = "56",
      number  = "4",
      pages   = "1213--1236",
      year    = "2016"
    }

[14] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. Parallel Krylov solvers for the polynomial eigenvalue problem in SLEPc. SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 38(5):S385-S411, 2016. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2016:PKS,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Parallel {Krylov} solvers for the polynomial eigenvalue problem in {SLEPc}",
      journal = "SIAM J. Sci. Comput.",
      volume  = "38",
      number  = "5",
      pages   = "S385--S411",
      year    = "2016"
    }

[15] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. Parallel iterative refinement in polynomial eigenvalue problems. Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., 23(4):730-745, 2016. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2016:PIR,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "Parallel iterative refinement in polynomial eigenvalue problems",
      journal = "Numer. Linear Algebra Appl.",
      volume  = "23",
      number  = "4",
      pages   = "730--745",
      year    = "2016"
    }

[16] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. A polynomial Jacobi-Davidson solver with support for non-monomial bases and deflation. BIT Numer. Math., 60:295-318, 2020. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2020:PJD,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "A polynomial {Jacobi-Davidson} solver with support for non-monomial bases and deflation",
      journal = "BIT Numer. Math.",
      volume  = "60",
      pages   = "295--318",
      year    = "2020"
    }

See also

Reference [7] above (computational interval in quadratic eigenproblems).

### General Nonlinear Eigensolvers

[17] C. Campos and J. E. Roman. NEP: a module for the parallel solution of nonlinear eigenvalue problems in SLEPc. ACM Trans. Math. Software, 47(3):23:1-23:29, 2021. [DOI]

BibTeX

    @Article{Campos:2019:NEP,
      author  = "C. Campos and J. E. Roman",
      title   = "{NEP}: a module for the parallel solution of nonlinear eigenvalue problems in {SLEPc}",
      journal = "ACM Trans. Math. Software",
      volume  = "47",
      number  = "3",
      pages   = "23:1--23:29",
      year    = "2021"
    }

### Technical Reports

For referencing any of the SLEPc Technical Reports, use the following template:

    @TechReport{str-6,
       author      = "V. Hernandez and J. E. Roman and A. Tomas and V. Vidal",
       title       = "A survey of software for sparse eigenvalue problems",
       number      = "STR-6",
       institution = "Universitat Polit\`ecnica de Val\`encia",
       note        = "Available at <https://slepc.upv.es>",
       year        = "2009"
    }